CN105007039A - Distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN105007039A CN105007039A CN201510291707.7A CN201510291707A CN105007039A CN 105007039 A CN105007039 A CN 105007039A CN 201510291707 A CN201510291707 A CN 201510291707A CN 105007039 A CN105007039 A CN 105007039A
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- 101710027204 ACC1A Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 101700076614 ACS-1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 102100017474 ACSL1 Human genes 0.000 claims description 4
- 101700037502 ACSL1 Proteins 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRA-RED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S50/00—Monitoring or testing of PV systems, e.g. load balancing or fault identification
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The present invention provides a distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on a wireless sensor network, comprising a host computer monitoring system and an equipment detection unit. A host computer acquires detection data information of each monitoring unit in a wireless local area network through a WLAN wireless communication unit and an RS485 communication unit, performs data storage and analysis, and releases a work state and alarm information of distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment; the equipment detection unit comprises a single-chip microcomputer working circuit, a power supply management circuit, a current and voltage detection circuit, an analog signal conditioning circuit, a temperature acquisition circuit, an RS485 communication circuit and a WLAN wireless communication module. The equipment detection unit controls work of each function module through a single-chip microcomputer, acquires current, voltage and temperature parameters of the photovoltaic power generation equipment, performs data reporting and command issuing through the WLAN wireless local area network, and monitors work parameters and state of the photovoltaic power generation equipment in real time. The distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system of the present invention has the advantages that: 1, the work state of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment is monitored and released in real time; and 2, the wireless local area network is established for performing data communication of parameters of the distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to distributed photovoltaic power generation field, particularly relate to a kind of many equipment multichannel generation current voltage temperature detection system.
Background technology
According to " solar power generation 12 planning " that National Energy Board issues, using the Important Action accelerated development solar power generation and change as Optimization of Energy Structure, propelling production of energy mode.Solar power generation Industry Cultivation is become to have the strong industry of international competitiveness, for realizing the non-fossil energy developing goal of China and new way is opened up in the sustainable development of socio-economy.
Adopt distributed photovoltaic power generation system, solar energy is converted to electric energy, be a kind of novel, tool generating with broad prospects for development and comprehensive utilization of energy mode, the distributed photovoltaic power generation system be most widely used at present, refers to the photovoltaic generation project of building at building roof.By photovoltaic module is arranged on the roof of building, utilizes photovoltaic module (solar cell) to be electric energy by transform light energy, then be directly incorporated into user side electrical network, power on the spot for user together with public electric wire net.
Equipment is in long-play process, and real-time watch device operational environment and running parameter, effective judgment device running status is the basis ensureing that photovoltaic generating system runs normally and efficiently.The operation and maintenance of current photovoltaic power generation equipment, mainly make regular check on by manpower, safeguard, and photovoltaic module is laid on the roof of building mostly, be not easy to personal monitoring and prospecting, along with the extensive use of technology of Internet of things, design a set of photovoltaic power generation equipment on-line monitoring system based on communication, the operating state of real-time intelligentization supervision photovoltaic power generation equipment assembly and operational environment are the inexorable trend of following photovoltaic generation industry.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is that providing a kind of adopts wireless LAN communication scheme, monitoring photovoltaic power generation array running parameter, comprise multiple connection in series-parallel module output current, voltage, the information such as module service position and ambient operating temperature thereof, the tedious work of effective minimizing library management personnel, the on-line monitoring system of increasing work efficiency.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above by the following technical solutions: comprise LAN data communication system, equipment Inspection unit.Host computer obtains each monitoring means node data information in WLAN (wireless local area network) by WLAN wireless communication unit and RS485 communication unit, carries out data storage and analysis, issues distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment working state and warning message; Equipment Inspection unit by each functional module work of Single-chip Controlling, gathers photovoltaic power generation equipment electric current, voltage and temperature parameter, carries out data and reports and order and issue, Real-Time Monitoring photovoltaic power generation equipment running parameter and state by WLAN WLAN (wireless local area network).
Concrete, described LAN communication system comprises host computer, convergent point base station and communication node.Local area network (LAN) sets up master slave communication framework with star-like connected mode, timing acquisition convergent point and nodal information.Host computer by RS485 bus mode, issues each convergent point Equipments Setting order and data upload order, issues photovoltaic power generation equipment operating state in each node by the nodal information analysis that obtains; Convergent point is by WLAN wireless mode, and after completing Joint Enterprise, according to networked-induced delay demand, timing training in rotation node, obtains node running parameter and report nodal information.
Concrete, affiliated equipment Inspection unit comprises: single-chip microcomputer operating circuit, electric power management circuit, current/voltage testing circuit, analog signal conditioner circuit, temperature collection circuit, RS485 telecommunication circuit, WLAN wireless communication module.Single-chip microcomputer, as collection, process and transmission main control chip, adopting Freescale KL series monolithic, by connecting each functional unit, completing node data collection, process and communication function.
Concrete, described current collection circuit, adopting ACS712 chip to build multichannel electric current acquisition module, is the voltage signal gathered for single-chip microcomputer by the current conversion on photovoltaic array Zhong Ge road, this module by high-power generating equipment and light current Acquisition Circuit isolated; Described voltage collection circuit, according to the power generation features of photovoltaic power generation array module, adopts optocoupler series resistance detection scheme, between the linear zone choosing common optical coupler, high-voltage signal is converted to weak current signal and detects; Described temperature collection circuit, adopts DS18B20 detection chip, the ambient temperature information of digital reading generating equipment;
Concrete, single-chip microcomputer operating circuit comprises single-chip microcomputer U1, crystal oscillator G1, resistance R2, R4, electric capacity C2, C3, C4, single-chip microcomputer is KL05Z32VLC04 single-chip microcomputer, external crystal oscillator between the pin 7,8 of single-chip microcomputer, the two ends of crystal oscillator G1 are connected with one end of C3 with one end of electric capacity C2 respectively, the other end of C2 be connected with the other end of C3 and cross-over connection resistance R2 after ground connection; The pin 11 of single-chip microcomputer connects current collection circuit; The pin 12 of single-chip microcomputer connects voltage collection circuit; The pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer connects temperature collection circuit, adopts monobus working method, the temperature information that timing is read, and the pin 17,18,19 of single-chip microcomputer connects RS485 telecommunication circuit, connects host computer in real time, realize the exchange of information by GPRS module; Pin 30,31, the 32 connecting circuit emulation interface of single-chip microcomputer, realizes c program emulation and downloads; Pin 24 to the pin 29 of single-chip microcomputer connects wireless module, realizes RFDC.
Photovoltaic array module output signal is introduced by interface P1 by described current detection circuit, and P1 connects ACS1 chip, and current signal isolation is converted to voltage signal, and ACS1 connects the AD input pin 11 of single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer pin 11 connects power supply VCC by triode D1, thus the analog input port of protection single-chip microcomputer; Photovoltaic array modules in parallel voltage signal is drawn by interface P2 by described voltage detecting circuit, P2 contact resistance R8, R10, series resistance R9, R11 are to optocoupler PC1 input, voltage signal is converted to current signal, optocoupler output connection power supply and R12 are to power supply ground, luminous signal is converted to current signal and introduces single-chip microcomputer pin 12, single-chip microcomputer pin 12 connects VCC by triode D2, protection analog input port; Described temperature collection circuit connects the pin 2 pull-up resistor R13 of U3, U3 to power supply by three-wire system digital interface, and temperature sensor signal is introduced single-chip microcomputer pin 20 by pin 2, adopts unibus system working method to read chip temperature.
Described RS485 telecommunication circuit, single-chip microcomputer pin 17,18 is accessed U3 by resistance R6, R1, and the pin 3,4, control RS485 that single-chip microcomputer pin 19 connects U3 is received and dispatched; 485 bus differential signal current limlitings are exported, realize RS485 communication hardware unit by U3 pin 6,7 contact resistance R3, R5, R7.Described WLAN communication unit, the radio receiving transmitting module built by radio transmitting and receiving chip SI4432 and match circuit thereof is formed, single-chip microcomputer connects radio wlan 1 by peripheral hardware IO port pinout 24 to pin 29, controls wireless module parameter configuration, networking and communication.
The invention has the advantages that:
1, multichannel photovoltaic power generation module group output current is detected in real time.
2, photovoltaic generation module output voltage is detected in real time.
3, there is RS485 communication interface.
4, there is WLAN Wireless Local Area Communication Networks network.
5, distribution apparatus fault alarm information.
6, query facility operating state, historical parameter information.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is architectures of communication networks of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is cellular construction block diagram of the present invention
Fig. 3 is single-chip microcomputer working cell of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is current detecting unit of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is voltage detection unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is temperature collecting cell of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is RS485 communication unit of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is WLAN communication unit of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Fig. 1 is architectures of communication networks of the present invention.Adopt RS485 bus in conjunction with the 433M wireless group hop communication mode of ISM band, Real-time Obtaining each module group unit running parameter and state, and issued state information.
Host computer is by RS485 bus communication mode, send configuration order, as base station or convergent point id information and the node ID information that carries, and timing each base station of training in rotation or convergent point facility information, after Information Statistics are analyzed, by man-machine interface, parameter state is shown, and issue early warning, warning message.
Fig. 2 is cellular construction block diagram of the present invention.Comprise the circuit such as electric power management circuit, single-chip microcomputer operating circuit, current/voltage Acquisition Circuit, temperature collection circuit, RS485 telecommunication circuit, WLAN communication module and LED indication warning.Electric power management circuit introduces the power supply of photovoltaic power generation equipment, is converted to the power supply required for system.Single-chip microcomputer, as system works core, is responsible for electric current, voltage and temperature acquisition, computing and data communication.Current acquisition module in charge gathers photovoltaic array module generation current; Voltage acquisition module is responsible for gathering photovoltaic array module generating voltage; Temperature collecting cell detects the temperature information in photovoltaic array module cable concentrator; RS485 telecommunication circuit sets up the data communication of host computer and base station, convergent point; WLAN radio receiving transmitting module is built a station and data communication between each device node.
Fig. 3 is single-chip microcomputer working circuit diagram of the present invention.This single-chip microcomputer operating circuit comprises single-chip microcomputer U1, crystal oscillator G1, resistance R2, R4, electric capacity C2, C3, C4 and emulation interface J1.U1 is KL05Z32VLC4 single-chip microcomputer.Between the pin 7,8 of single-chip microcomputer U1, the peripheral circuit of external crystal oscillator G1, crystal oscillator G1 is C2, C3, R2, for single-chip microcomputer provides precisely external clock reference reliably; The pin 11,12 of single-chip microcomputer U1 connects electric current, voltage collection circuit, reads external voltage signal; The pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer U1 connects temperature collection circuit, adopts monobus working method, and temperature information is read in timing; The pin 17,18,19 of single-chip microcomputer U1 connects RS485 telecommunication circuit, connects host computer, realize the exchange of information by 485 buses; Pin 24 to the pin 29 of single-chip microcomputer connects radio wlan 1, carries out data communication by 433M wireless communications mode and node.
Fig. 4 is current collection circuit of the present invention.This circuit module essential core is ACS712, and former secondary is carried out electromagnetic isolation by this chip, big current signal is converted to the d. c. voltage signal of 0 ~ 5V, is convenient to single-chip microcomputer collection.This chip has the precision parameter of 5%, can ensure that detection module accurately measures the photovoltaic array generating of each road and exports, effectively each module operating state of supervision.
Fig. 5 is voltage collection circuit of the present invention.This circuit module essential core is optocoupler PC817, and detection voltage is converted to current signal by resistance by this circuit, and electric current defaults between optocoupler linear zone by adjusting resistance resistance, so that input voltage between accurate test section.
Fig. 6 is DS18B20 temperature collection circuit.This temperature collection circuit adopts one wire system communication mode to set up the communication with single-chip microcomputer U1, accurately reads temperature signal.This chip temperature precision is 0.5 DEG C, by detecting the ambient temperature in cable concentrator, can this cable concentrator operating state of auxiliary monitoring, and reach anticipation and exist with or without the electric fault such as aging circuit, loose contact.
Fig. 7 is RS485 telecommunication circuit figure.485 communication buss are that industrial circle commonly uses bus communication, and effective communication distance can reach 1 km, adopt slave communication mode.Single-chip microcomputer pin 17,18 is accessed U3 by resistance R6, R1, and the pin 3,4, control RS485 that single-chip microcomputer pin 19 connects U3 is received and dispatched; 485 bus differential signal current limlitings are exported, realize RS485 communication unit by U3 pin 6,7 contact resistance R3, R5, R7.
Fig. 8 is WLAN communication unit.The present invention adopts 433M wireless LAN communication mode.This frequency range belongs to the free frequency range of wireless ISM of international ISM setting tissue, the radio receiving transmitting module built by radio transmitting and receiving chip SI4432 and match circuit thereof is formed, single-chip microcomputer connects radio wlan 1 by outgoing IO port pinout 24 to pin 29, controls wireless module parameter configuration, networking and communication.In wireless network architecture, the detection node of convergent point timing training in rotation belonging to it, after detection node receives training in rotation order, reports the equipment job information of Real-Time Monitoring, completes handshake communication and transfer of data.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows:
When this distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line detecting system works, host computer is communicated with convergent point foundation by RS485 communication mode.First host computer sends configuration-direct, comprises convergent point ID and node ID in this instruction, by node binding in each convergent point; After convergent point receives configuration-direct, set up WLAN according to the node ID of configuration; After completing configuration, convergent point timing receipt to training in rotation instruction, and reports each bound nodal information; Set up WLAN by 433M wireless module between convergent point and node, complete Joint Enterprise, namely establish sub-LAN, according to host computer optimum configurations, the sub-local area network (LAN) interior nodes of timing training in rotation, obtains generating equipment work state information.
Host computer is according to node division region, and diagram shows each some position, and provides node data real-time query and the inquiry of historical data.According to the node data that convergent point reports, analyze decision node operating state and environmental information, can realize reporting to the police and abnormal state display.
Single-chip microcomputer is according to system parameter settings, photovoltaic power generation equipment each road electric current, voltage and temperature information are read in timing, and each data are carried out arranging and processing, after wireless receiving reports instruction to convergent point training in rotation data, device parameter is reported convergent point, completes local area network communication.
In the present invention, each node adopts photovoltaic power generation array to export power supply, sets up WLAN between node and convergent point, without the need to bracing wire, to install and easy to maintenance.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the invention; not in order to limit the invention; the any amendment done within all spirit in the invention and principle, equivalently to replace and improvement etc., within the protection range that all should be included in the invention.
Claims (6)
1. based on a distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system for radio sensing network, it is characterized in that: comprise LAN data communication system, device detection system.Host computer obtains each monitoring means node data information in WLAN (wireless local area network) by WLAN wireless communication unit and RS485 communication unit, carries out data storage and analysis, issues distributed photovoltaic power generation equipment working state and warning message; Equipment Inspection unit by each functional module work of Single-chip Controlling, gathers photovoltaic power generation equipment electric current, voltage and temperature parameter, carries out data and reports and order and issue, Real-Time Monitoring photovoltaic power generation equipment running parameter and state by WLAN WLAN (wireless local area network).
2. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on radio sensing network according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described LAN communication system comprises host computer, convergent point base station and communication node.Local area network (LAN) sets up master slave communication framework with star-like connected mode, timing acquisition convergent point and nodal information.Host computer by RS485 bus mode, issues each convergent point Equipments Setting order and data upload order, issues photovoltaic power generation equipment operating state in each node by the nodal information analysis that obtains; Convergent point is by WLAN wireless mode, and after completing Joint Enterprise, according to networked-induced delay demand, timing training in rotation node, obtains node running parameter and report nodal information.
3. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on radio sensing network according to claim 2, is characterized in that: affiliated equipment Inspection unit comprises: single-chip microcomputer operating circuit, electric power management circuit, current/voltage testing circuit, analog signal conditioner circuit, temperature collection circuit, RS485 telecommunication circuit, WLAN wireless communication module.Single-chip microcomputer, as collection, process and transmission main control chip, adopting Freescale KL series monolithic, by connecting each functional unit, completing node data collection, process and communication function.
Described current collection circuit, adopts ACS712 chip to build multichannel electric current acquisition module, is the voltage signal gathered for single-chip microcomputer by the current conversion on photovoltaic array Zhong Ge road, this module by high-power generating equipment and light current Acquisition Circuit isolated; Described voltage collection circuit, according to the power generation features of photovoltaic power generation array module, adopts optocoupler series resistance detection scheme, between the linear zone choosing common optical coupler, high-voltage signal is converted to weak current signal and detects; Described temperature collection circuit, adopts DS18B20 detection chip, the ambient temperature information of digital reading generating equipment.
4. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on radio sensing network according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: single-chip microcomputer operating circuit comprises single-chip microcomputer U1, crystal oscillator G1, resistance R2, R4, electric capacity C2, C3, C4, single-chip microcomputer is KL05Z32VLC04 single-chip microcomputer, external crystal oscillator between the pin 7,8 of single-chip microcomputer, the two ends of crystal oscillator G1 are connected with one end of C3 with one end of electric capacity C2 respectively, the other end of C2 be connected with the other end of C3 and cross-over connection resistance R2 after ground connection; The pin 11 of single-chip microcomputer connects current collection circuit; The pin 12 of single-chip microcomputer connects voltage collection circuit; The pin 20 of single-chip microcomputer connects temperature collection circuit, adopts monobus working method, the temperature information that timing is read, and the pin 17,18,19 of single-chip microcomputer connects RS485 telecommunication circuit, connects host computer in real time, realize the exchange of information by GPRS module; Pin 30,31, the 32 connecting circuit emulation interface of single-chip microcomputer, realizes c program emulation and downloads; Pin 24 to the pin 29 of single-chip microcomputer connects wireless module, realizes RFDC.
5. a kind of distributed photovoltaic power generation on-line monitoring system based on radio sensing network according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: photovoltaic array module output signal is introduced by interface P1 by described current detection circuit, P1 connects ACS1 chip, current signal isolation is converted to voltage signal, and ACS1 connects the AD input pin 11 of single-chip microcomputer; Single-chip microcomputer pin 11 connects power supply VCC by triode D1, thus the analog input port of protection single-chip microcomputer; Photovoltaic array modules in parallel voltage signal is drawn by interface P2 by described voltage detecting circuit, P2 contact resistance R8, R10, series resistance R9, R11 are to optocoupler PC1 input, voltage signal is converted to current signal, optocoupler output connection power supply and R12 are to power supply ground, luminous signal is converted to current signal and introduces single-chip microcomputer pin 12, single-chip microcomputer pin 12 connects VCC by triode D2, protection analog input port; Described temperature collection circuit connects the pin 2 pull-up resistor R13 of U3, U3 to power supply by three-wire system digital interface, and temperature sensor signal is introduced single-chip microcomputer pin 20 by pin 2, adopts unibus system working method to read chip temperature.
6. the communication system of RS485 bus mode according to claim 2, single-chip microcomputer pin 17,18 is accessed U3 by resistance R6, R1, and the pin 3,4, control RS485 that single-chip microcomputer pin 19 connects U3 is received and dispatched; 485 bus differential signal current limlitings are exported, realize RS485 communication hardware unit by U3 pin 6,7 contact resistance R3, R5, R7.Described WLAN communication unit, the radio receiving transmitting module built by radio transmitting and receiving chip S14432 and match circuit thereof is formed, single-chip microcomputer connects radio wlan 1 by peripheral hardware IO port pinout 24 to pin 29, controls wireless module parameter configuration, networking and communication.
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| CN105450169A (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2016-03-30 | 乐富盈(厦门)新能源有限公司 | Operation system for intelligent photovoltaic panel |
| CN106125634A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-11-16 | 天津天大求实电力新技术股份有限公司 | A kind of photovoltaic generating system remotely monitors, controls device |
| CN106230376A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 江苏艾倍科科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Power Line Inspection System based on the Big Dipper |
| CN106448101A (en) * | 2016-09-09 | 2017-02-22 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic array monitoring system and method |
| CN106788248A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十研究所 | A kind of modularization can networking online photovoltaic module test equipment |
| CN110995155A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-04-10 | 河海大学常州校区 | Photovoltaic module real-time monitoring system |
| CN112839413A (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-25 | 山东泰和能源股份有限公司 | Illumination monitoring system |
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| CN106230376A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2016-12-14 | 江苏艾倍科科技股份有限公司 | A kind of Power Line Inspection System based on the Big Dipper |
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