CN105004486A - Large-scale spherical tank leak test method - Google Patents
Large-scale spherical tank leak test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105004486A CN105004486A CN201510459344.3A CN201510459344A CN105004486A CN 105004486 A CN105004486 A CN 105004486A CN 201510459344 A CN201510459344 A CN 201510459344A CN 105004486 A CN105004486 A CN 105004486A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a large-scale spherical tank leak test method. The method comprises the steps that (1) a pressure gauge is arranged on a spherical tank, and a liquid ammonia tank, an air compressor group and a water container are respectively arranged on the spherical tank and are communicated with the spherical tank; (2) a litmus reagent is prepared, and a litmus reagent discoloration test is carried out; (3) oil pollution, rust and oxidation residue on both sides of a weld are thoroughly cleaned, and litmus test paper is fixed at the joints of all welds and nozzles of the spherical tank; (4) ammonia of the mass of ammonia of 1% volume of the spherical tank under a test condition is charged, and internal pressure of the spherical tank is raised to test pressure; (5) the litmus reagent is sprayed to the fixed blank test paper; (6) color change of the litmus reagent is observed, are leak points are marked; and (7) according to pressure relief emptying, after a leak test is finished, a valve which connects the water container and the spherical tank is opened for slow pressure relief. The large-scale spherical tank leak test method provided by the invention has the advantages of easy on-site implementation, high small leak detection rate and accurate detection result, and is suitable for the large-scale spherical tank.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method, be specifically related to a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method.
Background technology
Spherical tank, as the important raw material of chemical industry and product storage equipment, plays an important role in petrochemical industry.In Construction of spherical tank process, after withstand voltage test is qualified, need to carry out Leak Off Test (LOT) to spherical tank.Along with Construction of spherical tank more and more maximize, densification, especially for spherical tank splendid attire extreme, highly harm medium or technique not allowing micro-leakage, in order to the safe and stable operation of implement device, the safety in utilization of applying unit to spherical tank is had higher requirement, also more and more harsher to the judgement of leak check.Patent 200810033860.X provides a kind of thermal gas leakage test method, and the method real simulation pressure vessel is contingent leakage situation under the operating condition of design pressure and design temperature, and have high leakage recall rate, sensitivity can reach 1 × 10
-5pam
3/ s, but field conduct is more difficult.Patent 201410384178.0 provides a kind of high pressure airtightness testing method, and the method can be verified seal designs slip, thus the rationality of checking seal designs and security, but be only applicable to the air-tight test of little capacity high pressure storage tank.Patent corrugated metal pipe components tightness test device and test method, by rational structural design, reduce the weight of test unit, reduce the useful area of test unit and corrugated tube generation thus reduce blind flange force, handle easier, safety during test, but these apparatus and method are only applicable to the air-tight test of ad hoc structure corrugated tube.Patent 201120467649.6 discloses U-shaped waste heat boiler pipe bundle leakage detection apparatus, ammonia and nitrogen are filled with in housing by this device, close all valves be connected with container, become an independently closed system, ammonia is overflowed from leakage point, make display paper variable color, find out the position of leakage point with this; But this patent just can complete leak test by storage pressure, and subjects is single, be therefore only applicable to little volume beam tube leak check, the spherical tank of large volume cannot be applied to.
Summary of the invention
The object that the present invention wants is as solving the problems of the technologies described above, and provides a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method.Mainly solve the technical matters that existing Leak Off Test (LOT) field conduct is more difficult, be only applicable to little volume receptacle.
A kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method, its concrete technology step is as follows:
1. test prepares: install one piece of tensimeter respectively at the top of spherical tank and bottom, and ammonia tank, air-compressor set, the water container that is used for reclaiming ammonia are installed on spherical tank respectively and are communicated with spherical tank.Test preparation comprises the following steps: the first step, by the whole technique mouth of pipe closure plate temporary pluggings on spherical tank; Second step, installs one piece of tensimeter at a technique mouth of pipe at spherical tank top, installs one piece of tensimeter at a technique mouth of pipe of Spherical Tank, two pieces of tensimeters all through verification and before the deadline, dial plate radius ≮ 150mm, accuracy class reaches 1.6 grades; 3rd step, selects a technique mouth of pipe else, and perforate on its closure plate also welds test gas import and export, imports and exports installation high-voltage tube, high-voltage tube arranges valve near test gas import and export at test gas; 4th step, away from test gas import and export on high-voltage tube, is connected with high-voltage tube respectively by ammonia tank, air-compressor set, water container.
2. prepare litmus reagent, carry out the variable color test of litmus reagent: the red litmus reagent utilizing litmus powder, light-coloured vinegar and water test preparation, the ammonia pipeline passing into spherical tank carries out variable color test to the litmus reagent of configuration.Carry out variable color test to the litmus reagent of preparation to comprise the following steps: the first step, is wrapped in the mouth of pipe connecting portion of ammonia pipeline by blank test paper; Second step, blank test paper sprays litmus reagent, makes blank test paper become litmus paper; 3rd step, loosen the bolt of the mouth of pipe connecting portion of ammonia pipeline, ammonia is made to contact litmus paper, when litmus paper is become blueness by the position that ammonia contacts from redness, variable color is tested successfully, can next step be entered, otherwise need again to prepare litmus reagent until variable color is tested successfully, mainly for the color developing effect testing litmus reagent proves the accuracy of test.
3. surface preparation, fixing litmus paper: thoroughly greasy dirt, iron rust, the oxidizing slag of trimming both sides at least 50mm scope, put up at all weld seam positions of spherical tank and fix litmus paper, wrap up at all mouth of pipe connecting portions of spherical tank and fix litmus paper.
4. be filled with ammonia, boosting: the quality calculating the ammonia of 1% spherical tank volume under test condition, be filled with in ammonia process the quality adopting weight method to control to be filled with the ammonia of spherical tank, spherical tank pressure is risen to test pressure being filled with after ammonia completes.
(1) computing formula of ammonia quality is
M
ammonia=(P
test* 1%*V
spherical tank* M
ammonia)/(R*T
test)
Wherein, m
ammoniafor ammonia quality, unit is kg; P
testfor test pressure, unit is Pa; V
spherical tankfor spherical tank volume, unit is m
3; M
ammoniafor the molal weight of ammonia, unit is g/mol, M
ammonia=17g/mol; R represents ideal gas constant R=8.314Pam
3/ molK, T
testfor test absolute temperature, unit is K.
(2) quality adopting weight method to control to be filled with the ammonia of spherical tank comprises the following steps: the first step, weighs ammonia tank with platform scale, obtains ammonia tank quality m
1, calculate ammonia tank quality m
1with ammonia quality m
ammoniadifference; Second step, ammonia tank being positioned over the quality readings pre-set is m
1with m
ammoniadifference platform scale on, 3rd step, open the valve on the pipeline being communicated with ammonia tank and spherical tank, now ammonia tank utilizes the pressure of self to be filled with in spherical tank by ammonia by high-voltage tube, the change of monitoring platform scale reading, when platform scale reaches the equilibrium position set, close the valve on the pipeline being communicated with ammonia tank and spherical tank.
(3) spherical tank pressure is risen to test pressure to comprise the following steps: the first step, open the valve on the pipeline being communicated with air-compressor set and spherical tank, start air-compressor set, air-compressor set suppresses air in spherical tank, when tensimeter display pressure rises to 50% of test pressure, maintain this pressure after 10 minutes, all weld seams of spherical tank and connecting portion are checked, after confirming the sound without exception, continue boosting; Second step, when pressure rises to test pressure, maintains this pressure after at least 10 minutes, checks, after confirming the sound without exception, can enter next step to all weld seam positions of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion.
5. spray litmus reagent: on the blank test paper that each is fixed on the weld seam position of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion, evenly spray the litmus reagent prepared, make blank test paper become the litmus paper of redness.
6. observe the change of litmus paper color, carry out leak source mark: if the color of all litmus papers is redness, spherical tank No leakage is described, spherical tank is specification product, if there is litmus paper color to become blue, then illustrate that pasting litmus reagent has leak source, and in time mark is carried out to leak, according to relevant laws and regulations, standard and other requirements, leak source is reprocessed after pressure release; Reprocess qualified after re-start Leak Off Test (LOT).
7. pressure release is emptying: after Leak Off Test (LOT) terminates, and opens the valve connecting water container and spherical tank and carries out slow release.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. field conduct is easy;
2. be applicable to large-size spherical tank;
3. pair fine little small opening recall rate is high, detects result accurate, improves the security performance of spherical tank, equipment safer, stable operation after production line is driven.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) integrated artistic sketch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is spherical tank upper pole piece position process diagram in Fig. 1;
Spherical tank lower pole piece position process diagram in Fig. 3 bitmap 1.
Reference numeral: pole 1 on spherical tank, the first technique mouth of pipe 11, the second technique mouth of pipe the 12, three technique mouth of pipe 13, pole 2 under spherical tank, the 4th technique mouth of pipe the 21, five technique mouth of pipe the 22, six technique mouth of pipe 23, ammonia tank 3, air-compressor set 4, reclaims pond 5.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method of the present invention is described further:
1. test prepares.
Spherical tank volume is 3000m
3, spherical tank diameter is 18m, and tank wall thickness is 0.022m.On spherical tank, pole 1 has the first technique mouth of pipe 11, the second technique mouth of pipe 12, the 3rd technique mouth of pipe 13, and under spherical tank, pole 2 has the 4th technique mouth of pipe 21, the 5th technique mouth of pipe 22, the 6th technique mouth of pipe 23.Adopt blind plate temporary plugging firm whole technique mouth of pipe on spherical tank.The first technique mouth of pipe 11 is manhole, setting pressure table on it; The second technique mouth of pipe 12 mounting safety valve; The 3rd technique mouth of pipe 13 installs drain; The 4th technique mouth of pipe 21 is manhole; The 5th technique mouth of pipe 22 setting pressure table; Perforate on the blind plate of the temporary plugging of the 6th technique mouth of pipe 23 also welds test gas import and export, installation high-voltage tube house steward is imported and exported at test gas, overhead control valve is set at the front section of high-voltage tube house steward, three high-voltage tubes are set at its hindfoot portion are in charge of, be in charge of with three high-voltage tubes in ammonia tank 3, air-compressor set 4, recovery pond 5 and be communicated with respectively, a setting point operation valve is respectively in charge of by three high-voltage tubes.All through verification also before the deadline, dial plate radius ≮ 150mm, accuracy class reaches 1.6 grades to two pieces of tensimeters.Be as the criterion, for determining the change of spherical tank test pressure to be positioned at the pressure gauge reading of pole 1 under spherical tank; The tensimeter being positioned at pole 2 on spherical tank can as subsequent use.Ammonia tank 3 is for being filled with ammonia to spherical tank.Air-compressor set 4 is composed in parallel by two air compressor machines, for suppressing air to spherical tank, mainly for raising the air pressure inside of spherical tank; Air-compressor set 4 can start simultaneously, also can start one, other one as subsequent use.Reclaiming pond 5 is water container, for reclaiming ammonia.High-voltage tube house steward arranging overhead control valve and arrange a point operation valve on high-voltage tube is in charge of, is conveniently control closing and pressure release after test in the inflow of gas, process of the test.
2. prepare litmus reagent, carry out the variable color test of litmus reagent.
Utilize the red litmus reagent of litmus powder, light-coloured vinegar and water test preparation, the ammonia pipeline passing into spherical tank carries out variable color test: the mouth of pipe connecting portion first blank test paper (adopting the rice paper of good water absorption as blank test paper) being wrapped in ammonia pipeline, then on blank test paper, litmus reagent is sprayed, blank test paper is become litmus paper, then the bolt of mouth of pipe connecting portion is loosened, ammonia is made to contact litmus paper, when litmus paper is become blueness by the position that ammonia contacts from redness, variable color is tested successfully, next step can be entered, otherwise need again to prepare litmus reagent until variable color is tested successfully, mainly for the color developing effect testing litmus reagent proves the accuracy of test.
3. surface preparation, fixing litmus paper.
Greasy dirt, iron rust, the oxidizing slag of thorough trimming both sides at least within the scope of 50mm; Post litmus paper at all weld seam positions of spherical tank, blend compounds band is fixed; Also fixing at all mouth of pipe connecting portion parcel litmus papers of spherical tank.
4. be filled with ammonia, boosting.
(1) quality of the ammonia of 1% spherical tank volume under test condition is calculated.
M=M*n is substituted into the Ideal-Gas Equation P*V=n*R*T, obtain
m＝(P*V*M)/(R*T) (1)
Wherein, m represents gaseous mass, and unit is kg; M represents gas molar quality, and unit is g/mol; N represents the amount of gaseous matter, and unit is mol; P represents gaseous tension, and unit is Pa; V represents gas volume, and unit is m
3; R represents ideal gas constant R=8.314Pam
3/ molK; T represents gas absolute temperature, and unit is K;
In actual mechanical process, because spherical tank volume is large, ammonia filling weight is smaller, the temperature of spherical tank does not have significant change in the process of boosting, and therefore spherical tank temperature under test conditions approximates ambient temperature.Spherical tank pressure is under test conditions P
test, temperature is T
test, calculate the 1% i.e. V that ammonia volume under test condition is spherical tank volume
ammonia=1%*V
spherical tanktime ammonia quality m
ammonia, by P=P
test, V=V
ammonia=1%*V
spherical tank, M=M
ammonia, T=T
testsubstitution formula (1), now the quality m of ammonia
ammoniacomputing formula be
M
ammonia=(P
test* 1%*V
spherical tank* M
ammonia)/(R*T
test) (2)
V in the present embodiment
spherical tankfor 3000m
3, T
testvalue is about 298K, now according to formula (2), works as P
testduring=0.69MPa, m
ammoniabe about 142.03kg; Work as P
testduring=0.4MPa, m
ammoniabe about 82.34kg; Work as P
testduring=1.72MPa, m
ammoniabe about 354.056kg.
(2) what adopt weight method control ammonia is filled with quality.First the quality weighing ammonia tank is m
1, ammonia tank 3 being positioned over the quality readings pre-set is m
1with m
ammoniadifference platform scale on, point operation valve opened overhead control valve and be communicated with ammonia tank 3, ammonia tank 3 utilizes the pressure of self to be filled with in spherical tank by ammonia by high-voltage tube, the change of monitoring platform scale reading, when platform scale reaches the equilibrium position set, point operation valve of closing overhead control valve and being communicated with ammonia tank 3.
(3) in spherical tank, air is suppressed with air-compressor set 4.Point operation valve opened overhead control valve and be communicated with air-compressor set 4, starts air-compressor set 4, and under being positioned at spherical tank, the tensimeter display pressure of pole 1 rises to test pressure P
test50% time, close overhead control valve and is communicated with air-compressor set 4 divide operation valve, maintain this pressure after 10 minutes, the all weld seams of spherical tank and connecting portion are checked, after confirming the sound without exception, point operation valve opened overhead control valve and be communicated with air-compressor set 4, continues boosting.
(4) under being positioned at spherical tank, the tensimeter display pressure of pole 1 rises to test pressure P
testtime, point operation valve of closing overhead control valve and being communicated with air-compressor set 4, maintained this pressure after at least 10 minutes, checks, after confirming the sound without exception, carry out next step and construct all weld seam positions of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion.
5. spray litmus reagent.
On the blank test paper that each is fixed on the weld seam position of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion, evenly spray the litmus reagent prepared, blank test paper becomes litmus paper.
6. observe the change of test paper color, carry out leak source mark.
Observe the color change of litmus paper, litmus paper color is unchanged, and spherical tank No leakage is described, spherical tank is specification product; Litmus paper color becomes blue, then illustrate there is leak source, and carry out mark in time to leak source, reprocess after pressure release according to relevant laws and regulations, standard and other requirements to leak source; Reprocess qualified after re-start Leak Off Test (LOT).
7. pressure release is emptying.
After Leak Off Test (LOT) terminates, point operation valve opened overhead control valve and be communicated with recovery pond 5, carries out slow release.Because ammonia is very easily water-soluble, by by ammonia gas dissolves in water, avoid the injury of ammonia to human body and the pollution to air.
Certainly, those skilled in the art in the art will be appreciated that, above-described embodiment is only used to the present invention is described, and be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as in spirit of the present invention, the conversion of above-described embodiment, modification all will be dropped in the scope of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) test prepares: install one piece of tensimeter respectively at the top of spherical tank and bottom, and ammonia tank, air-compressor set, the water container that is used for reclaiming ammonia are installed on spherical tank respectively and are communicated with spherical tank;
(2) prepare litmus reagent, carry out the variable color test of litmus reagent: the red litmus reagent utilizing litmus powder, light-coloured vinegar and water test preparation, the ammonia pipeline passing into spherical tank carries out variable color test to the litmus reagent of configuration;
(3) surface preparation, fixing litmus paper: thoroughly greasy dirt, iron rust, the oxidizing slag of trimming both sides, put up at all weld seam positions of spherical tank and fix litmus paper, wrap up at all mouth of pipe connecting portions of spherical tank and fix litmus paper;
(4) be filled with ammonia, boosting: the quality calculating the ammonia of the spherical tank volume of under test condition 1%, be filled with in ammonia process the quality adopting weight method to control to be filled with the ammonia of spherical tank, spherical tank pressure is risen to test pressure being filled with after ammonia completes;
(5) spray litmus reagent: on the blank test paper that each is fixed on the weld seam position of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion, evenly spray the litmus reagent prepared, make blank test paper become the litmus paper of redness;
(6) observe the change of litmus paper color, carry out leak source mark: if the color of all litmus papers is redness, spherical tank No leakage is described, spherical tank is specification product, if there is litmus paper color to become blue, then illustrate that pasting litmus reagent has leak source, and in time mark is carried out to leak;
(7) pressure release is emptying: after Leak Off Test (LOT) terminates, and opens the valve connecting water container and spherical tank and carries out slow release.
2. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (1), test preparation comprises the following steps: the first step, by the whole technique mouth of pipe closure plate temporary pluggings on spherical tank; Second step, installs one piece of tensimeter at a technique mouth of pipe at spherical tank top, installs one piece of tensimeter at a technique mouth of pipe of Spherical Tank; 3rd step, selects a technique mouth of pipe else, and perforate on its closure plate also welds test gas import and export, imports and exports installation high-voltage tube, high-voltage tube arranges valve near test gas import and export at test gas; 4th step, away from test gas import and export on high-voltage tube, is connected with high-voltage tube respectively by ammonia tank, air-compressor set, water container.
3. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 2, is characterized in that: all through verification also before the deadline, dial plate radius ≮ 150mm, accuracy class reaches 1.6 grades to two pieces of tensimeters.
4. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described in step (2) on the ammonia pipeline passing into spherical tank to configuration litmus reagent carry out variable color test comprise the following steps: the first step, is wrapped in the mouth of pipe connecting portion of ammonia pipeline by blank test paper; Second step, blank test paper sprays litmus reagent, makes blank test paper become litmus paper; 3rd step, loosen the bolt of the mouth of pipe connecting portion of ammonia pipeline, ammonia is made to contact litmus paper, when litmus paper is become blueness by the position that ammonia contacts from redness, variable color is tested successfully, can next step be entered, otherwise need again to prepare litmus reagent until variable color is tested successfully, mainly in order to test the color developing effect of litmus reagent and prove the accuracy of test.
5. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the scope of surface preparation is that weld seam both sides are at least within 50mm in step (3).
6. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step (4), the computing formula of ammonia quality is
M
ammonia=(P
test* 1%*V
spherical tank* M
ammonia)/(R*T
test)
Wherein, m
ammoniafor ammonia quality, unit is kg; P
testfor test pressure, unit is Pa; V
spherical tankfor spherical tank volume, unit is m
3; M
ammoniafor the molal weight of ammonia, unit is g/mol, M
ammonia=17g/mol; R represents ideal gas constant R=8.314Pam
3/ molK, T
testfor test absolute temperature, unit is K.
7. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the quality that the employing weight method described in step (4) controls to be filled with the ammonia of spherical tank comprises the following steps: the first step, weigh ammonia tank with platform scale, obtain ammonia tank quality m
1, calculate ammonia tank quality m
1with ammonia quality m
ammoniadifference; Second step, ammonia tank being positioned over the quality readings pre-set is m
1with m
ammoniadifference platform scale on, 3rd step, open the valve on the pipeline being communicated with ammonia tank and spherical tank, now ammonia tank utilizes the pressure of self to be filled with in spherical tank by ammonia by high-voltage tube, the change of monitoring platform scale reading, when platform scale reaches the equilibrium position set, close the valve on the pipeline being communicated with ammonia tank and spherical tank.
8. a kind of large-size spherical tank Leak Off Test (LOT) method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: spherical tank pressure is risen to test pressure comprise the following steps described in step (4): the first step, open the valve on the pipeline being communicated with air-compressor set and spherical tank, start air-compressor set, air-compressor set suppresses air in spherical tank, when tensimeter display pressure rises to 50% of test pressure, maintain this pressure after 10 minutes, the all weld seams of spherical tank and connecting portion are checked, after confirming the sound without exception, continue boosting; Second step, when pressure rises to test pressure, maintains this pressure after at least 10 minutes, checks, after confirming the sound without exception, can enter next step to all weld seam positions of spherical tank, mouth of pipe connecting portion.
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| CN107014567A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-04 | 冯浩 | A kind of reagent and application for being used to detect ammonia |
| CN108896249A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-27 | 云南云天化石化有限公司 | The method for improving valve leak recall rate |
| CN108918039A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for detecting leakage point of closed annealing furnace |
| CN111413036A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Method for testing sealing performance of ventilation system |
| CN113504008A (en) * | 2021-07-13 | 2021-10-15 | 江铃汽车股份有限公司 | Detection method, detection test paper and reagent for automobile collision fuel leakage |
| CN117074413A (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-11-17 | 威海瀚克船舶科技有限公司 | Detection device for detecting gaps of ship steel plates |
| CN117553985A (en) * | 2023-11-15 | 2024-02-13 | 南通尤莱运动用品有限公司 | PVC yoga ball area pressure detection equipment |
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| CN107014567A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-08-04 | 冯浩 | A kind of reagent and application for being used to detect ammonia |
| CN108896249A (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2018-11-27 | 云南云天化石化有限公司 | The method for improving valve leak recall rate |
| CN108918039A (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2018-11-30 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for detecting leakage point of closed annealing furnace |
| CN111413036A (en) * | 2020-04-21 | 2020-07-14 | 中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司 | Method for testing sealing performance of ventilation system |
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Application publication date: 20151028 |