CN105001970A - Aqueous enzymatic method for extracting organic rice bran oil - Google Patents
Aqueous enzymatic method for extracting organic rice bran oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN105001970A CN105001970A CN201510353421.7A CN201510353421A CN105001970A CN 105001970 A CN105001970 A CN 105001970A CN 201510353421 A CN201510353421 A CN 201510353421A CN 105001970 A CN105001970 A CN 105001970A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aqueous enzymatic method for extracting organic rice bran oil, which belongs to the technical field of preparation of edible oil. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: puffing of rice bran; extraction of rice bran oil; acid precipitation and demulsification of crude rice bran oil; degumming; de-waxing; and decoloring. With rice bran oil yield as an index, optimal process conditions of the aqueous enzymatic method are as follows: a weight ratio of a puffed substance of rice bran to water is 1: 5; citric acid or lactic acid is used to adjust the pH value of extract to 4.5; 300 to 400 U of cellulase, 50 to 80 U of acidic protease and 100 U of amylase are added in each g of the puffed substance of rice bran, and 0.5 to 1.0% of CaCl is added in terms of the puffed substance of rice bran so as to improve enzyme activity; enzymatic hydrolysis temperature is 40 DEG C; and enzymatic hydrolysis is carried out for 3 h at first, then assisted ultrasonic oscillation by using ultrasonic waves with a frequency of 30 kHz is carried out for 20 min to extract rice bran oil, and rice bran oil yield is 88.1 to 88.7%. The rice bran oil prepared in the invention has high purity and an acid value of below 2 mg KOH/g; and the method meets standards for organic production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for the organic Rice pollard oil of a kind of aqueous enzymatic extraction, belong to edible oil preparing technical field.
Background technology
Paddy is the main food crop of China, and rice bran is the byproduct of rice processing, though the weight of its processed side product rice bran only accounts for 5 ~ 6% of paddy weight, has very high utility value.Be rich in the trophic function composition of paddy 64% in rice bran, fat accounts for 15-22%, and wherein the fatty rate of glutinous rice rice bran is 20 ~ 22%, and the fatty rate of long-grained nonglutinous rice rice bran is 18 ~ 20%, and the fatty rate of polished rice rice bran is 16 ~ 18%; In addition, also contain protein 12-17% in rice bran, robust fibre accounts for 7-9%, soluble nitrogen extract accounts for 38-43%, ash content accounts for 8-12%, moisture accounts for 9-14%.Containing the linolic acid of about 38% and the oleic acid of about 40% in the Rice pollard oil obtained with rice bran processing and refining, the ratio of linoleic plus oleic acid is 1: 1.1, and from the viewpoint of modern nutriology, the grease of this ratio has higher nutritive value; In Rice pollard oil, non-saponifying lipid total content reaches 4.2%, and especially the content of γ-Hi-Z occupies first of various edible oil, and it effectively can reduce human serum cholesterol, control cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.Therefore, Rice pollard oil is a kind of functional kind of high-quality edible plant oil, and its nutritive value far exceedes peanut oil, soybean oil, other vegetables oil of vegetable seed wet goods.
At present, there are many technological difficulties in Rice pollard oil producing process.Because rice bran includes lipolytic enzyme, the acid number of usual Rice pollard oil is all at 10-30mgKOH/g, and the Rice pollard oil extracted from the rice bran that goes mouldy, its acid number is sometimes up to 40-100mgKOH/g.Before the reason that Rice pollard oil acid number is high is to mill, lipolytic enzyme is individually fixed on the different layer of structure of paddy from grease, rice bran after pure white of milling, have activated the lipase in rice bran, the Rice pollard oil of original separation and lipolytic enzyme are contacted with each other, lipolytic enzyme makes grease decomposite free fatty acids rapidly, the acid value of rice bran with per hour 0.5 ~ 2% speed increase, rise to cause rapidly in a few hours and become sour, the Rice pollard oil acid value of producing gained is high, not easily prepares high level edible rice bran oil.
Compared to World Developed Countries such as Japan, China is to the processing of Rice pollard oil and fully utilize still relatively backward, and commodity Rice pollard oil mainly squeezes mode recovering rice bran oil, leaches extract Rice pollard oil or supercritical carbon dioxide extraction Rice pollard oil technology with organic solvents such as hexanes from rice bran.But squeezing mode recovering rice bran oil, rice bran filter residue residual oil content is more than 5.0%, and residual oil content is higher; From rice bran, leach extraction Rice pollard oil with organic solvent and there is inflammable and pollution problem, do not meet organic foodstuff production specification; And supercritical carbon dioxide extraction Rice pollard oil technology due to facility investment expensive, required energy consumption is high, and its application is restricted, and more difficultly at present realizes suitability for industrialized production.Therefore, easy, the economic and Rice pollard oil production technology research meeting food safety more and more receives the concern of scientific research department.
About the method for aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil, more existing relevant reports in some patents and open source literature.Now take passages as follows:
Chinese Patent Application No. 201510028338.2, a kind of method of aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil under brown rice state, the present invention becomes sour for the hydrolysis of solution Rice pollard oil to be difficult to the problem of standing storage, obtain stay in grade, high level edible rice bran oil, the present invention adopts aqueous enzymatic method technique to extract Rice pollard oil innovatively under brown rice state, enzyme concentration 1.6%, hydrolysis temperature 45 DEG C, enzymolysis time 50min, initial pH6.0, (m: v), oil yield is 69.85% to solid-liquid ratio 1: 4, and the acid value of Rice pollard oil is 1.26mg/g.This patented technology weak point is that its art breading causes certain quality to decline to rice matter, and Brown Rice Starch content is high in addition, adhesive very strong, breakdown of emulsion difficulty, and to carrying, oil is unfavorable; In addition, this patent is not described in detail prozyme component used, there is blind area in force.
Chen Jianghua etc., the research of aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil, Food science, the 2004,8th phase, P106-109.Herein aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil is studied.Result shows: under steam pre-treatment, amylase consumption 0.5%, proteolytic enzyme consumption 0.2%, reaction times 6h condition, the optimised process obtaining aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil through orthogonal experiment is: hydrolysis temperature 60 DEG C, cellulase consumption 1.2%, pH value 5.0, solid-liquid ratio 1: 5, rice bran oil yield reaches 85.76%.This technical deficiency part is that described hydrolysis temperature is 60 DEG C, and hydrolysis temperature is high, reaches the starch gelatinization temperature in rice bran, and starch pasting is adhesive very strong; In addition the reaction times is 6h, and long reaction time makes the protein in rice bran play Action of Surfactant, decreases oil water interfacial tension, makes oil, water forms stable oil-water emulsion system, causes breakdown of emulsion difficulty, final impact oil put forward rate.Above technical controlling parameters of temperature and time are unfavorable to carrying oil.
At present, the research of aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice pollard oil is more, and how to solve Rice pollard oil hydrolysis and become sour and Optimized Extraction Process parameter, this is still problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
For above technology Problems existing, the invention provides the method for the organic Rice pollard oil of a kind of aqueous enzymatic extraction.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme and comprises the following steps:
(1) rice bran expansion: rice bran kills lipolytic enzyme in rice bran through expanded, and is cooled to normal temperature, moisture controlled less than 6%, its acid value increases comparatively slow, can store 20d at normal temperatures.Rice bran expansion divides the expanded and wet type of dry type expanded, and compared with dry-way extrusion, the puffing material that wet method is expanded produced better structural, not easily forms powder, and infiltration, diafiltration are good;
(2) Rice pollard oil extracts: in above-mentioned rice bran expansion thing, add water extract, the weight ratio of described rice bran expansion thing and water is 1: 5, extracting solution pH is regulated to be 4.5 with citric acid or lactic acid, every grammeter chaff puff adds Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme amount 300 ~ 400U respectively, acidic protein enzyme amount 50 ~ 80U, amylase activity 100U, the CaCl simultaneously adding 0.5 ~ 1.0% by rice bran expansion thing lives to improve enzyme, stir, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, first enzymolysis time 3h, then auxiliary employing ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic oscillation 20min extracts, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue.Extract top hair Rice pollard oil after the clarification such as filtrate for subsequent use, filter residue is used for feed or it is used;
(3) hair oleic acid sinks breakdown of emulsion process: first in Rice pollard oil, add part phosphoric acid, hair Rice pollard oil is heated to 70 DEG C, add the hot water that temperature is 70 DEG C, using amount of hot water is 20 ~ 30% of oil product weight, supplementing phosphoric acid regulates the pH of hair Rice pollard oil and water mixture to be 4 ~ 5, carry out stirring and being cooled to normal temperature, the heavy break milk separation of hair Rice pollard oil protein acid under pH is 4 ~ 5 iso-electric points;
(4) Rice pollard oil come unstuck, dewaxing treatment: the Rice pollard oil after the heavy breakdown of emulsion process of above-mentioned steps (3) acid is left standstill refrigeration 2d clarifying treatment at 2 ~ 5 DEG C, upper strata is glue, wax and solid fat, bottom is dregs throw out, filters, and obtains removing impurities Rice pollard oil.
(5) Rice pollard oil desolventing technology: first by oil product vacuum hydro-extraction at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, kill enzyme activity process, then Rice pollard oil is added in decolouring still, add the atlapulgite after drying treatment, its addition is oil mass 3-5%, then being heated to temperature to oil product is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, carry out stirring 10 minutes, leave standstill 20 minutes and filter the oil product after obtaining decolouring.
Tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, rice bran kills lipolytic enzyme in rice bran through expanded, and its acid value increases comparatively slow, and can store 20d at normal temperatures, effectively control rice bran fat hydrolysis and become sour, the Rice pollard oil acid value of preparation is at below 2mgKOH/g;
2, the Rice pollard oil extraction yield adopting the inventive method to prepare is high, and rice bran oil yield is 88.1 ~ 88.7%;
3, the Rice pollard oil produced of the present invention, impurity a large amount of in refining production process such as glue, wax, solid fat, albumen are effectively removed separation, and oil product purity is higher;
4, recovering rice bran oil of the present invention, all processing condition meet GB/T19630.2-2011 " organic products second section: processing " standard, and technique is simple, is suitable for suitability for industrialized production.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is specifically described; what be necessary to herein means out is that the present embodiment is only used to further illustrate the present invention; but can not limiting the scope of the invention be interpreted as, some nonessential improvement and adjustment can be made according to the content of the invention described above.
Embodiment 1
(1) rice bran expansion: raw material uses glutinous rice rice bran, lipid content 21.0%, protein 13.5%, after rice bran is put into bulking machine, after high pressure-temperature extruding, spray bursts into puffed granule;
(2) in above-mentioned rice bran expansion thing, add water to extract, the weight ratio of described rice bran expansion thing and water is 1: 5, extracting solution pH is regulated to be 4.5 with lactic acid, every grammeter chaff puff adds Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme amount 400U, acidic protein enzyme amount 50U, amylase activity 100U respectively, add the CaCl of 1.0% by rice bran expansion thing simultaneously, stir, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, first enzymolysis time 3h, then auxiliary employing ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic oscillation 20min, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue, extract top hair Rice pollard oil after the clarification such as filtrate for subsequent use.After measured, rice bran filter residue residual oil content is 2.5%, and measuring and calculating glutinous rice rice bran oil yield is 88.1%;
(3) hair oleic acid sinks breakdown of emulsion process: first in Rice pollard oil, add part phosphoric acid, oil is heated to 70 DEG C, temperature is the hot water of 70 DEG C again, using amount of hot water is 20% of oil product weight, supplementing phosphoric acid regulates the pH of hair Rice pollard oil and water mixture to be 4.2, carry out stirring and being cooled to normal temperature, the heavy break milk separation of hair Rice pollard oil protein acid under pH is 4 ~ 5 iso-electric points;
(4) come unstuck, dewaxing treatment: the Rice pollard oil after the heavy breakdown of emulsion process of above-mentioned steps (3) acid is left standstill refrigeration 2d clarifying treatment at 2 DEG C, upper strata is glue, wax and solid fat, bottom is water and dregs throw out, filters, and obtains removing impurities oil product.
(4) oil product desolventing technology: first by oil product vacuum hydro-extraction at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, kill enzyme activity process, then oil product adds in decolouring still, add the atlapulgite after drying treatment, its addition is oil mass 4%, then being heated to temperature to oil product is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, carry out stirring 10 minutes, leave standstill 20 minutes and filter the oil product after obtaining decolouring.Through measuring, the acid value of glutinous rice Rice pollard oil is 1.36mgKOH/g.
Embodiment 2
(1) rice bran expansion: raw material uses non-glutinous rice rice (general rice) rice bran, lipid content 19.5%, protein 15.5%, after rice bran is put into bulking machine, after high pressure-temperature extruding, spray bursts into puffed granule;
(2) in above-mentioned rice bran expansion thing, add water to extract, the weight ratio of described rice bran expansion thing and water is 1: 5, extracting solution pH is regulated to be 4.5 with citric acid, every grammeter chaff puff adds Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme amount 300U, acidic protein enzyme amount 80U, amylase activity 100U respectively, add the CaCl of 0.8% by rice bran expansion thing simultaneously, stir, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, first enzymolysis time 3h, then auxiliary employing ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic oscillation 20min, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue, extract top hair Rice pollard oil after the clarification such as filtrate for subsequent use.After measured, rice bran filter residue residual oil content is 2.2%, and measuring and calculating non-glutinous rice rice bran oil yield is 88.7%.The refining of hair Rice pollard oil is identical with embodiment 1.Through measuring, the acid value of non-glutinous rice Rice pollard oil is 1.23mgKOH/g.
Claims (1)
1. the present invention relates to the method for the organic Rice pollard oil of a kind of aqueous enzymatic extraction, belong to edible oil preparing technical field, its feature comprises the following steps:
(1) rice bran expansion: rice bran kills lipolytic enzyme in rice bran through expanded, and is cooled to normal temperature, moisture controlled less than 6%; Rice bran expansion divides the expanded and wet type of dry type expanded, and compared with dry-way extrusion, the puffing material that wet method is expanded produced better structural, not easily forms powder, and infiltration, diafiltration are good;
(2) Rice pollard oil extracts: in above-mentioned rice bran expansion thing, add water extract, the weight ratio of described rice bran expansion thing and water is 1: 5, extracting solution pH is regulated to be 4.5 with citric acid or lactic acid, every grammeter chaff puff adds Mierocrystalline cellulose enzyme amount 300 ~ 400U respectively, acidic protein enzyme amount 50 ~ 80U, amylase activity 100U, the CaCl simultaneously adding 0.5 ~ 1.0% by rice bran expansion thing lives to improve enzyme, stir, hydrolysis temperature 40 DEG C, first enzymolysis time 3h, then auxiliary employing ultrasonic frequency 30kHz, ultrasonic oscillation 20min extracts, filter, obtain filtrate and filter residue, extract top hair Rice pollard oil after the clarification such as filtrate for subsequent use, filter residue is used for feed or it is used,
(3) hair oleic acid sinks breakdown of emulsion process: first in Rice pollard oil, add part phosphoric acid, hair Rice pollard oil is heated to 70 DEG C, add the hot water that temperature is 70 DEG C, using amount of hot water is 20 ~ 30% of oil product weight, supplementing phosphoric acid regulates the pH of hair Rice pollard oil and water mixture to be 4 ~ 5, carry out stirring and being cooled to normal temperature, the heavy break milk separation of hair Rice pollard oil protein acid under pH is 4 ~ 5 iso-electric points;
(4) Rice pollard oil come unstuck, dewaxing treatment: the Rice pollard oil after the heavy breakdown of emulsion process of above-mentioned steps (3) acid is left standstill refrigeration 2d clarifying treatment at 2 ~ 5 DEG C, upper strata is glue, wax and solid fat, bottom is dregs throw out, filters, and obtains removing impurities Rice pollard oil;
(5) Rice pollard oil desolventing technology: first by oil product vacuum hydro-extraction at 80 ~ 90 DEG C, kill enzyme activity process, then Rice pollard oil is added in decolouring still, add the atlapulgite after drying treatment, its addition is oil mass 3-5%, then being heated to temperature to oil product is 80 ~ 90 DEG C, carry out stirring 10 minutes, leave standstill 20 minutes and filter the oil product after obtaining decolouring.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107267283A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-10-20 | 光山县四方植物油有限公司 | A kind of Biorefinery method of rice bran oil |
| CN108034491A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-15 | 福建小薇金匙科技孵化有限公司 | A kind of technique using rice bran extraction rice bran oil |
| CN108342247A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽德运粮油有限公司 | A kind of method of three phase separation aqueous enzymatic extraction rice bran oil |
| CN109913312A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-21 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of emulsion breakdown method that aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice oil is formed |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107267283A (en) * | 2017-06-24 | 2017-10-20 | 光山县四方植物油有限公司 | A kind of Biorefinery method of rice bran oil |
| CN108034491A (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2018-05-15 | 福建小薇金匙科技孵化有限公司 | A kind of technique using rice bran extraction rice bran oil |
| CN108342247A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-07-31 | 安徽德运粮油有限公司 | A kind of method of three phase separation aqueous enzymatic extraction rice bran oil |
| CN109913312A (en) * | 2019-04-10 | 2019-06-21 | 北京工商大学 | A kind of emulsion breakdown method that aqueous enzymatic extraction Rice oil is formed |
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Application publication date: 20151028 |