CN105000737A - Industrial sewage treatment system and sewage treatment method - Google Patents
Industrial sewage treatment system and sewage treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105000737A CN105000737A CN201510403926.XA CN201510403926A CN105000737A CN 105000737 A CN105000737 A CN 105000737A CN 201510403926 A CN201510403926 A CN 201510403926A CN 105000737 A CN105000737 A CN 105000737A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an industrial sewage treatment system and a sewage treatment method. The industrial sewage treatment system comprises a regulation pool which is used for collecting sewage, wherein a pretreatment system which mainly comprises a V-shaped filter tank is connected behind the regulation pool, and a first-stage ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis system is connected behind the pretreatment system. The industrial sewage treatment system is characterized in that behind a reverse osmosis unit in the first-stage ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis system, reverse osmosis concentrated water of one path enters an at-least-one-stage frequent-reverse-pole electrodialysis system connected with the path and is subjected to concentration, and plain water of another path is connected with a recycled water pool or communicated with a recycled plain water outlet pipe of the recycled water pool; and a concentrated water outlet behind the frequent-reverse-pole electrodialysis system is connected to a monovalent-bivalent-separation electrodialysis system which can be used for separating monovalent salt and bivalent salt, an MVR evaporation device which is used for concentrating and recovering the monovalent salt so as to obtain crystallized sodium chloride is connected behind the monovalent-bivalent-separation electrodialysis system, a plain water outlet behind the monovalent-bivalent-separation electrodialysis system is connected with an at-least-another-stage frequent-reverse-pole electrodialysis system, a plain water outlet behind the frequent-reverse-pole electrodialysis system is connected with the recycled water pool, and a concentrated water outlet behind the frequent-reverse-pole electrodialysis system is connected with another MVR evaporation device which can be used for obtaining sodium sulfate crystal salt.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of Industrial sewage treatment system and sewage water treatment method of realizing zero release, belongs to environment-protective water processing technology field.
Background technology
Sewage " zero release " refers to that service water is after reusing, by highly enriched to this part saltiness and pollutent become sewage all (more than 99%) recyclings, discharge factory without any waste liquid.Salt in water and pollutent are discharged factory in solid form through condensing crystal and are sent destructor plant landfill or reclaimed as useful industrial chemicals.
The zero release sewage disposal technology of current employing mainly comprises: pre-treatment+ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis+multiple-effect evaporation, and as shown in Figure 1, concrete content is:
First each stock water inlet after biochemical treatment enters reuse water device equalizing tank 1, homogeneous is all measured rear lifting and is entered pretreatment system, namely in V-type filter tank 2, and the suspended substance in sand filtration removal sewage and colloidal material, in V-type filter tank, filtrate adopts special filtrate, has the function removing cobalt and manganese; Sand filtration water outlet enters one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system 3, the main effect of ultra filtration unit 11 is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, reverse osmosis units 12 carries out desalting treatment, ensures that water quality reaches reuse requirement;
Softening equipment and self-cleaning filter 4 are set before ultrafiltration, prevent pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded.
Reverse osmosis concentrated water after reverse osmosis units 12 enters the dense pond 5 of the RO arranged below, and reuse water sends into reuse pool 6.
After dense for first-stage reverse osmosis water being pooled to the dense pond 5 of RO, the biochemical treatment unit 7 be connected after being sent into by the reverse osmosis concentrated water in pond, removes the material such as COD, ammonia nitrogen be concentrated in water quality, for subsequent film processing unit is given security; After biochemical, water outlet enters secondary " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system 8 again, the main effect of ultra filtration unit 13 is wherein that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, reverse osmosis units 14 carries out desalting treatment, ensures that water quality reaches reuse requirement.Before ultrafiltration, electric cleaner and self-cleaning filter can be set equally, prevent pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded.
Reverse osmosis concentrated water after secondary " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system 8 enters follow-up two sections of OCRO, i.e. open reverse-osmosis treated unit 9 concentrating and desalinating further; Reuse water sends into reuse pool 6 equally.
Final strong brine saltiness about 10%, according to local meteorological conditions and the principle of saving running cost, in the period that summer high temperature steam output is large, strong brine enters evaporation pond and carries out nature mummification; In the winter time ice period and steam output little period, strong brine enters multiple-effect evaporation 10 crystallization apparatus and processes.
Hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters front end biochemical wastewater treatment unit after collecting.Middle water dense aquaticization processing unit mud enters sewage disposal sludge thickener and processes.
Because the unit such as reuse water treatment unit V-type filter tank, strainer, ultrafiltration need to carry out backwash, have part to produce water as backwash water, backwash water needs to collect rear reprocessing, and therefore reuse water device arranges backwash pond according to inner counter leaching requirement.
The advantage of above-mentioned existing zero release sewage disposal technology has:
1) adopt ultrafiltration as the pre-treatment of reverse osmosis, effluent quality is high, water conditioning, and substantially not by the impact of source water change; Effectively can remove the particle in water, suspended substance, colloid, bacterium, virus, be a kind of water technology reliably; As the pre-treatment of reverse osmosis, greatly can reduce the SDI value of feed water by reverse osmosis than conventional pre-treatment, extend the work-ing life of reverse osmosis unit.
2) reverse osmosis membrane is adopted just to carry out concentrating to a certain degree to the salt in water as water demineralizing process, the one-level rate of recovery is greater than 75%, secondary recovery rate is greater than 90%, and the strong brine of secondary utilizes as the fill cycle of one-level, the direct devaporation equipment of one-level strong brine.Whole system 99% water carries out reuse, not outer row.Avoid the outer row of acid, alkali, the corrosion of salt and acid, alkali wasteliquid, decrease the pollution to environment.Water through coagulation can do the moisturizing of recirculated water, and the product water quality stabilizing of secondary, meets the water quality requirement of the system waters such as boiler, cold-rolling pickling, rinsing completely, and have the features such as energy-saving and environmental protection.
But above-mentioned existing zero release sewage disposal technology also also exists comparatively significantly technological deficiency, mainly contains:
What is called " zero release " in the above zero release sewage disposal is not zero release truly, and it cannot realize effective separation and the utilization of various material in sewage; Just sewage has been carried out reuse, and the water intermediate ion of reuse, solid substance are converted into crystalline solid in above-mentioned technological process, need carry out security landfill process as dangerous solid waste, require the dangerous solid waste landfill site that auxiliary construction is with high investment; In addition, also need the sewage scratch pool of the large volume of auxiliary construction, the capacity of sewage scratch pool generally needs even nearly hundred ten thousand steres of hundreds of thousands of, invests more than one hundred million unit; And crystalline solid deals with the pollution of issuable secondary environment and sewage scratch pool environmental risk hidden danger improperly; This part waste residue need carry out security landfill as Hazardous wastes; High dense metal ion and organism is contained in addition in crystalline solid, once deal with improperly, buried solid matter is once toxic heavy metal ion after dissolving contained by it will pollute our ground water regime, so this technology is just in " zero release " technology of economic level.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to the deficiency overcoming prior art existence, and provide a kind of structure to form rationally, easy to use and reliable, can on the Treated sewage reusing basis of existing sewage disposal, carry out the separating treatment of bi-membrane method salt, the near zero release realizing sewage is reclaimed, and reduces the treatment system to the industrial sewage of periphery eco-environmental impact and destruction and method.
The object of the invention is to have come by following technical solution, a kind of Industrial sewage treatment system, it comprises the equalizing tank that collects sewage, thereafter mutually then primarily of the pretreatment system that V-type filter tank is formed, phase then one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system after this pretreatment system, after reverse osmosis units in described one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system, one road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters at least one-level frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system that is attached thereto and concentrates, and another road fresh water connects reuse pool or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool;
Dense water out after described frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected to one can be separated electrodialysis system to the divalence that monovalence is separated with divalent salts, be connected with a pair monovalent salt after this divalence separation electrodialysis system carry out concentration and recovery and obtain the MVR evaporation unit of crystallization sodium-chlor, and described divalence separation electrodialysis system water outlet is below connected with at least another grade of frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, water outlet after this frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connects reuse pool, dense water out is connected to the MVR evaporation unit that another can obtain sulfate crystal salt.
The present invention is preferably: a described road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system that be attached thereto, that connect successively and concentrates, dense water out wherein after previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected to a described divalence and is separated electrodialysis system, water outlet is connected to rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, and connected reuse pool by the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system or communicated with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool, access the MVR evaporation unit of sulfate crystal salt described in dense water out is connected on.
The present invention is preferably: a described divalence is separated electrodialysis system water outlet below and is connected with the another secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connected successively, wherein the water outlet of previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected on rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, and the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connects reuse pool or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool; And the frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system that described secondary connects successively dense water out be below connected on respectively described in access the MVR evaporation unit of sulfate crystal salt.
The present invention is further preferably: described frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is formed primarily of an electrodialyzer, this electrodialyzer forms primarily of anions and canons exchange membrane, dividing plate and electrode, the compartment that described dividing plate is formed is the passage that liquid flows through, and the compartment of fresh water process is desalting chamber, the compartment of dense water process is concentration compartments;
A described divalence is separated electrodialysis system mainly on the basis of existing electrodialyzer, select one can reach monovalence divalent ion be separated monovalent ion exchange membrane, and with the charged layer of the very thin positively charged ion of one deck on the female die surface of monovalent ion exchange membrane, anode membrane is on the surface with the highly cross-linked film that one deck is very thin;
Described MVR evaporation unit connects to form successively primarily of at least secondary preheater of fresh feed pump, series connection, well heater, vapour liquid separator, thereafter the whizzer that material is sent into through discharging pump carries out solid-liquid separation, after described well heater to the secondary steam that separator is discharged is admitted to the compression of centrifugal vapour compressor, pressure steam sends into heater heats material again, in the process of heated material, the steam condensate of generation has condensate pump to discharge.
Utilize a sewage water treatment method for described Industrial sewage treatment system, described sewage water treatment method comprises the steps:
A) pre-treatment, first each stock sewage enter equalizing tank, and homogeneous is all measured rear lifting and entered V-type filter tank, the suspended substance in sand filtration removal sewage and colloidal material;
B) sand filtration water outlet enters " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system, and the main effect of ultra filtration unit is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, and reverse osmosis unit carries out desalting treatment;
C) reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution enters the combined treatment unit that " frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit " is formed, wherein:
The advanced EDR unit of reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution carries out concentrating and desalinate process, and concentrated solution concentration reaches about 6%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse; Then enter a divalence to be separated electrodialysis cell and to carry out sodium-chlor to the dense water of EDR and be separated with sodium sulfate, from the dense water of EDR, isolate the very high sodium-chlor of purity, by MVR evaporative crystallization finished product as sodium-chlor Industrial Salt, realize solid waste reduction process; Fresh water enters the process of follow-up frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR);
Fresh water after one divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED) enters EDR unit again and concentrates, and concentration reaches more than 10%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse;
D) final strong brine has two strands, and one be sodium chloride solution, sodium chloride content about 19%, water yield 17T/H, stock is sodium-chlor, the sour sodium of sulfuric acid and part COD mixing solutions in addition, saltiness about about 10%, water yield 5T/H;
Sodium chloride solution directly arranges the MVT evaporation unit that a set for the treatment of capacity is 20 T/H, and condensing crystal sodium-chlor is as Industrial Salt; Mixed solution outside two is according to local meteorological conditions and the principle of saving running cost, and in the period that summer high temperature steam output is large, strong brine enters evaporation pond and carries out nature mummification; In the winter time ice period and steam output little period, strong brine enters the MVT evaporation unit that other a set for the treatment of capacity is 5 T/H.
In sewage water treatment method of the present invention:
Before ultrafiltration, self-cleaning filter is set, prevents pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded;
Reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution is introduced into dense unit for treating water, then carries out electric cleaner, ensures subsequent concentration procedures system non-scaling;
Described V-type filter tank, strainer and ultra filtration unit need to carry out backwash, have part to produce water as backwash water, and backwash water needs to collect rear reprocessing; Wherein hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters Treated sewage reusing unit buffering pond after collecting;
Treated sewage reusing always to be intake 1200m3/h(TDS=4000ppm), producing can the middle water 1000m3/h(TDS=500 ppm of reuse), remaining 200 m3/h reflux back Sewage treatment systems; Solid salt divides and carries out a point salt, wherein solid sodium chloride 3.2T/H, sodium-chlor and sodium sulfate blended solid 0.48T/H; Salt rate is divided to be 87%.
Original industrial sewage zero-discharge technology can not thoroughly solve sewage discharge problem, the final mixed salt discharge of original zero-discharge technology can cause the destruction of surrounding enviroment, impact is ecological, cause the waste of salt resource, in addition along with national Production requirement amount increases, the quantity discharged of the solid-state mixed salt after zero release also increases year by year, and the process therefore for mixed salt is a urgent problem.The present invention has drawn the advantage of Treated sewage reusing in original technique, adopts bi-membrane method to reclaim the near zero release that sewage carries out sewage; Original solid mixed salt is carried out to the separating treatment of salt in the source of technique; Adopt a divalence isolation technique of membrane technique and the combination of pyrogenic distillation crystallization technique, different salts is separated, accomplishes resource reclaim.
The present invention has structure composition rationally, easy to use and reliable, on the Treated sewage reusing basis of existing sewage disposal, can carry out the separating treatment of bi-membrane method salt, and the near zero release realizing sewage is reclaimed, and reduces features such as periphery eco-environmental impact and destructions.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the mixed salt process flow sheet of prior art.
Fig. 2 is of the present invention point of salt process flow sheet.
Fig. 3 is electrodialyzer principle of work schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is Treated sewage reusing flow process of the present invention and material balance figure.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be described in detail: shown in Fig. 2, a kind of Industrial sewage treatment system of the present invention, it comprises the equalizing tank 21 that collects sewage, thereafter mutually then primarily of the pretreatment system that V-type filter tank 22 is formed, phase then one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system 23 after this pretreatment system, after ultra filtration unit 24 in described one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system 23 and reverse osmosis units 25, one road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters at least one-level frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 26 that is attached thereto and concentrates, another road fresh water connects reuse pool 27 or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool 27, at least one self-cleaning filter 28 is also serially connected with between V-type filter tank 22 and ultra filtration unit 24, shown in figure, the reverse osmosis concentrated water after described reverse osmosis units 25 is introduced into a dense pond 29 of RO, then enters described one-level frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 26.
Dense water out after frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 26 of the present invention is connected to one can be separated electrodialysis system 30 to the divalence that monovalence is separated with divalent salts, this divalence separation electrodialysis system 30 is connected with a pair monovalent salt below to carry out concentration and recovery and obtains the MVR evaporation unit 31 of crystallization sodium-chlor, and described divalence separation electrodialysis system water outlet is below connected with at least another grade of frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 32, water outlet after this frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connects reuse pool 27, dense water out is connected to the MVR evaporation unit 33 that another can obtain sulfate crystal salt.
The further embodiment of the present invention is: a described road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters and is attached thereto, the secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 26 connected successively, 34 and concentrate, dense water out wherein after previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 26 is connected to a described divalence and is separated electrodialysis system 30, water outlet is connected to rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 34, and connected reuse pool 27 by the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 34 or communicated with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool, the MVR evaporation unit 33 of sulfate crystal salt is accessed described in dense water out is connected on.
The present invention to embodiment is again further: the water outlet that a described divalence is separated after electrodialysis system 30 is connected with the another secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 32,35 connected successively, wherein the water outlet of previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 32 is connected on rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 35, and the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 35 connects reuse pool 27 or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool; And frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system 32, the 35 dense water out below that described secondary connects successively be connected on respectively described in access the MVR evaporation unit 33 of sulfate crystal salt.
Shown in Fig. 3, frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system of the present invention is formed primarily of an electrodialyzer, this electrodialyzer forms primarily of anions and canons exchange membrane, dividing plate and electrode, the compartment that described dividing plate is formed is the passage that liquid flows through, and the compartment of fresh water process is desalting chamber, the compartment of dense water process is concentration compartments;
A described divalence is separated electrodialysis system mainly on the basis of existing electrodialyzer, select one can reach monovalence divalent ion be separated monovalent ion exchange membrane, and with the charged layer of the very thin positively charged ion of one deck on the female die surface of monovalent ion exchange membrane, anode membrane is on the surface with the highly cross-linked film that one deck is very thin;
Described MVR evaporation unit connects to form successively primarily of at least secondary preheater of fresh feed pump, series connection, well heater, vapour liquid separator, thereafter the whizzer that material is sent into through discharging pump carries out solid-liquid separation, after described well heater to the secondary steam that separator is discharged is admitted to the compression of centrifugal vapour compressor, pressure steam sends into heater heats material again, in the process of heated material, the steam condensate of generation has condensate pump to discharge.
Shown in Fig. 4, the sewage water treatment method of a kind of described Industrial sewage treatment system of the present invention, this sewage water treatment method comprises the steps:
A) pre-treatment, first each stock sewage enter equalizing tank, and homogeneous is all measured rear lifting and entered V-type filter tank, the suspended substance in sand filtration removal sewage and colloidal material;
B) sand filtration water outlet enters " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system, and the main effect of ultra filtration unit is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, and reverse osmosis unit carries out desalting treatment;
C) reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution enters the combined treatment unit that " frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit " is formed, wherein:
The advanced EDR unit of reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution carries out concentrating and desalinate process, and concentrated solution concentration reaches about 6%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse; Then enter a divalence to be separated electrodialysis cell and to carry out sodium-chlor to the dense water of EDR and be separated with sodium sulfate, from the dense water of EDR, isolate the very high sodium-chlor of purity, by MVR evaporative crystallization finished product as sodium-chlor Industrial Salt, realize solid waste reduction process; Fresh water enters the process of follow-up frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR);
Fresh water after one divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED) enters EDR unit again and concentrates, and concentration reaches more than 10%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse;
D) final strong brine has two strands, and one be sodium chloride solution, sodium chloride content about 19%, water yield 17T/H, stock is sodium-chlor, the sour sodium of sulfuric acid and part COD mixing solutions in addition, saltiness about about 10%, water yield 5T/H;
Sodium chloride solution directly arranges the MVT evaporation unit that a set for the treatment of capacity is 20 T/H, and condensing crystal sodium-chlor is as Industrial Salt; Mixed solution outside two is according to local meteorological conditions and the principle of saving running cost, and in the period that summer high temperature steam output is large, strong brine enters evaporation pond and carries out nature mummification; In the winter time ice period and steam output little period, strong brine enters the MVT evaporation unit that other a set for the treatment of capacity is 5 T/H.
In sewage water treatment method of the present invention:
Before ultrafiltration, self-cleaning filter is set, prevents pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded;
Reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution is introduced into dense unit for treating water, then carries out electric cleaner, ensures subsequent concentration procedures system non-scaling;
Described V-type filter tank, strainer and ultra filtration unit need to carry out backwash, have part to produce water as backwash water, and backwash water needs to collect rear reprocessing; Wherein hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters Treated sewage reusing unit buffering pond after collecting;
Treated sewage reusing always to be intake 1200m3/h(TDS=4000ppm), producing can the middle water 1000m3/h(TDS=500 ppm of reuse), remaining 200 m3/h reflux back Sewage treatment systems; Solid salt divides and carries out a point salt, wherein solid sodium chloride 3.2T/H, sodium-chlor and sodium sulfate blended solid 0.48T/H; Salt rate is divided to be 87%.
Embodiment:
Shown in Fig. 2, the Sewage treatment systems that the present invention adopts mainly comprises: " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit "
Waste disposal plant water outlet enters middle water unit equalizing tank 21, and homogeneous is all measured rear lifting and entered V-type filter tank 22, and the suspended substance in sand filtration removal sewage and colloidal material, in V-type filter tank, filtrate adopts special filtrate, has the function removing cobalt and manganese.Sand filtration water outlet enters " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit ", and the main effect of ultra filtration unit 24 is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane; Reverse osmosis units 25 carries out desalting treatment, ensures that water quality reaches reuse requirement; Reverse osmosis concentrated water is concentrated by frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR), and fresh water and RO mixing of fresh water reach reuse requirement; Frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR) dense water is separated electrodialysis system (ED) through a divalence again and is separated to monovalence with divalent salts and carries out concentration and recovery to monovalent salt and become Industrial Salt, realizes solid waste reduction; ED system fresh water enters frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR) again, and fresh water and RO mixing of fresh water reach reuse requirement, and dense water is concentrated reduces the water yield.Electric cleaner and self-cleaning filter are set before ultrafiltration, prevent pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded.V-type filter tank, self-cleaning filter backwash water, hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water are from each self-produced pond, and backwash water enters buffered water pond after collecting, and enters recycled treated water solution pond leading portion after being promoted to highly dense settling pond process.
First phase, the second stage of Treated sewage reusing reverse osmosis concentrated water enter " acidication+catalytic oxidation " biochemical treatment unit, remove the material such as COD, ammonia nitrogen be concentrated in water quality, for subsequent film processing unit is given security.After biochemical, water outlet enters " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit ", the main effect of ultra-filtration equipment is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, reverse osmosis unit carries out desalting treatment, ensures that water quality reaches reuse requirement.Electric cleaner and self-cleaning filter are set before ultrafiltration, prevent pipeline and device structure, and subsequent film process is shielded.Hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters the secondary hydrolytic tank of biochemical wastewater treatment unit after entering Treated sewage reusing unit buffering pond and follow-up high dense settling pond process after collecting.Middle water dense aquaticization processing unit mud enters sewage disposal sludge thickener and processes.
Final strong brine has two strands, and one is sodium chloride solution, and sodium chloride content is about 19%, and stock is sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate and part COD mixing solutions in addition, saltiness about about 10%.Sodium chloride solution directly arranges MVT evaporation unit, and condensing crystal sodium-chlor is as Industrial Salt.Mixed solution outside two is according to local meteorological conditions and the principle of saving running cost, and in the period that summer high temperature steam output is large, strong brine enters evaporation pond and carries out nature mummification; In the winter time ice period and steam output little period, strong brine enters other a set of MVT evaporation unit.
Hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters the secondary hydrolytic tank of biochemical wastewater treatment unit after entering reuse water unit buffering pond and follow-up high dense settling pond process after collecting.Middle water dense aquaticization processing unit mud enters sewage disposal sludge thickener and processes.
Because the unit such as reuse water treatment unit V-type filter tank, strainer, ultrafiltration need to carry out backwash, have part to produce water as backwash water, backwash water needs to collect rear reprocessing, and therefore reuse water device designs according to inner counter leaching requirement.
In Fig. 2, each modular construction of system composition is composed as follows:
1) V-type filter tank is a kind of form of rapid filter, and its inlet flume shape is in the shape of the letter V.Until drainage by intaking total canal after water intaking valve and square hole, overflowing across crest of weir and entering the V-type groove do not had by water logging to be filtered again through side opening, enter filter tank through the uniform distributing hole of bottom land and V-type groove weir respectively.Flowed into bottom space by water after the filter that homogeneous filtering material filtering layer filters through strainer head, import air water by square hole and distribute pipe duct, then flow into the filter tank outlet sump below the equipment room of V-type filter tank.
2) ultra-filtration process of ultra filtration unit 24 is appreciated that or the screening process relevant to membrane pore size usually.It is between nanofiltration and micro-filtration, and field of definition is molecular weight cut-off is about 500-500000, and corresponding pore size divides 2 nanometer-100 nanometers.Under pressure, when water flows through film surface, only allow water, inorganic salt and small-molecule substance through film, and stop the macromolecular substance such as suspended substance, colloid, protein microorganism in water through, to reach the object of purification separation.Ultrafiltration can be undertaken purifying, being separated or concentrated film penetrant method isolation technique by dissolving as a kind of, and application surface widely.
Ultrafiltration can be divided into tubular fibre, tubular type, rolling, the types such as plank frame.
The material of ultra-filtration membrane is a lot, in the market more commonly polyethersulfone (PES) and polysulfones (PS), polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) (PVDF) three kinds.
Ultrafiltration operation scheme can be divided into dead-end filtration and cross flow filter.
Dead-end filtration: dead-end filtration is also known as grossflow filtration.When ultrafiltration water inlet suspended substance, turbidity and COD value are low, as the water quality such as underground water, mountain spring water of cleaning, or ultrafiltration pre-treatment is comparatively strict, and if any the filtration such as sand-bed filter, more medium filter, ultrafiltration can according to full stream/dead end filtration mode operation.This filtered model and traditional filtering similar, former water enters ultrafiltration membrane pipe, 100% through ultrafiltration membrance filter from film pipe filtered liquid side output.Discharged from ultrafiltration membrane pipe in ultrafiltration timing back flushing, fast punching and Process of Chemical Cleaning by macromolecular particle thing, colloid etc. that ultra-filtration membrane dams.
Cross flow filter: in general former water of being taken in suspended substance and colloidal content lower time can operate by dead end filtration mode.Former water enters film pipe with lower cross-flow flow velocity, and condensed water is discharged from film pipe other end with certain proportion.Produce water in film pipe filtered liquid side output, run the rate of recovery normally 92-99%, this is decided by the concentration of particulate in former water.
Ultrafiltration adopts external pressing type hollow fibrous membrane, molecular weight 100,000 dalton of damming, the film that contamination resistance is strong, chemical stability good, physical strength is good, and the cleared-out power and the effluent characteristics that often overlap ultra-filtration equipment are constant more than 5 years work-ing life for film.
Ultrafiltration system has the following advantages compared with traditional technology (chemical dosing+more medium filter+charcoal filter):
Effluent quality increases substantially, and can remove most suspended substance and larger molecular organics.Pollution index SDI≤3 of general ultrafiltration system water outlet, and conventional pretreatment produces water SDI<5
Stable effluent quality, not in time and the change of influent quality and changing.
Effectively can remove the impurity such as suspended substance, organism and the colloid in former water, extend the work-ing life of rear class reverse osmosis system.
Manipulation strength alleviates greatly, easily realizes full automatic control.
Greatly save floor space.
3) reverse osmosis units 25: reverse osmosis units and subsystem are fully automatic operation, scope of supply comprise from cartridge filter water intaking valve begin to reverse osmosis freshwater outlet valve only between all devices and relevant off-set facility, mainly comprise:
Reverse osmosis membrane assembly, comprises reverse-osmosis membrane element, pressurized vessel, mating valve;
Connecting tube, valve, annex;
Monitoring and Controlling instrument needed for process system, signal transmitting device and local control panel;
Cartridge filter (comprise apparatus body, valve, table take into account annex etc.);
High-pressure pump (comprising high-pressure pump, terminal valve, tensimeter, pressure switch etc.);
The off-set facility such as reductive agent, Scale inhibitors medicine system, reverse osmosis chemical cleaning system (public with ultrafiltration system), tubular type medicine mixing tank.
Reverse osmosis with certain pressure, the solvent in solution is separated.Because it is contrary with the direction of naturally osmotic, therefore claims reverse osmosis.According to the different osmotic of various material, the reverse osmosis method being greater than osmotic pressure just can be made to reach separation, extraction, purifying and concentrated object.
Reverse osmosis unit (being called for short RO device) belongs to key equipment in desalting system.A part in former water is passed through film along the direction straight with costal fold by RO, and the salt in water and colloidalmaterial will be concentrated on film surface, remain a part of former water and taken away by concentrated material along the direction parallel with film, self-stip in operational process.The water flux of membrane element is larger, and the higher then degree that its film surface is concentrated of the rate of recovery is higher, and due to inspissated, the material solubility of film surface is different from material concentration in main body current, produces concentration polarization phenomenon.Concentration polarization can make the concentration of film surface salt high, increases the osmotic pressure of film, causes salt transmitance to increase, needs many consumed energies for improving the pressure that feeds water, the method for cleaning now should be adopted to recover.
RO membrance chemistry cleaning comprises flushing, immersion, circulation three processes:
Wherein flushing process is: in the Process of Chemical Cleaning of RO system, carry out two and rinse washed journeys: flushing when matting starts can scrubbing membrane surface dirt effectively; Flushing after matting completes can remove chemical cleaning solution effectively, for the quality of product water provides necessary guarantee.
Immersion process is: immersion is the key of RO cleaning systems.It can make chemical liquids and pollutent that corresponding chemical reaction occurs, and pollutent can be allowed again to come off from the surface of film, be dissolved in chemical liquids the object reaching matting.
Working cycle is: circulation is the main process of RO cleaning systems.The Dynamic Contact of chemical liquids and film interior molecules generation physics in this process, permeates further, rubs, the reaction such as shearing, thus reaches the object of matting.
Scavenging solution is filled a prescription: the pollution of RO film or obstruction are the impacts by the condition such as the kind of its pollutent, the material of film itself.For different pollutions, the medicament of its matting is different.
4) electrodialysis cell, as shown in Figure 3: dialysis refers to that in solution, solute is by the phenomenon of semi-permeable membranes.The impellent of nature dialysis is the concentration difference of semi-permeable membranes both sides solute.Under the effect of DC electric field, the phenomenon of ion permeable selective ion exchange membrane is called electrodialysis.The research of electrodialytic technique starts from the Germany of 1903, and industrialization starts from the 1950's.Electrodialytic technique is applicable to the sewerage disposing of the industries such as oil, electronics, medicine, chemical industry, thermal power generation, food, beer, beverage, printing and dyeing and application.Also the concentrated purification special separation fields such as amino acid, xylo-oligosaccharide, protein, milk, trimethyl-glycine, medicine intermediate are applicable to.
Ion-exchange membrane is film ion to selective penetrated property be made up of macromolecular material.Main point cationic exchange membrane (CM is called for short anode membrane) and anion-exchange membrane (AM is called for short cavity block) two kinds.Anode membrane, because film body fixed base is with negatively charged ions, can be selected through positively charged ion; Cavity block, because film body fixed base is with positive charge ion, can be selected through negatively charged ion.Anode membrane is through positively charged ion, and cavity block is called the selective penetrated property of film through the performance of negatively charged ion.The most basic working cell of electrodialyzer process is called film pair.A film is to formation desalting chamber and a concentration compartments.Practical electrodialyzer by hundreds of films to forming.
The major parts of electrodialyzer is anions and canons exchange membrane, dividing plate and electrode three part.The compartment that dividing plate is formed is the passage that liquid flows through.The compartment of fresh water process is desalting chamber, and the compartment of dense water process is concentration compartments.If anions and canons exchange membrane and dense, diluted gasket are alternately arranged, repeat superposition, add pair of end electrode, just constitute a practical electrodialyzer.If each system feed liquor of electrodialyzer is all NaCl solution, in energising situation, the Na+ in fresh water compartment moves to cathode direction, and Cl-anode direction is moved, and Na+ and Cl-just moves in adjacent compartment through CM and AM respectively and goes.NaCl solution concentration in such fresh water compartment just reduces gradually.Adjacent compartments, the NaCl solution concentration namely in dense water compartment is corresponding to be raised gradually, from electrodialyzer, just can continuously flow out desalination solution and concentrated solution.The liquid stream of fresh water water circuit system, dense water water circuit system and pole water water circuit system is supplied by water pump, does not mix mutually mutually, and makes it in the distribution of electrodialyzer inner homogeneous by the cloth of particular design, the mechanism that catchments, steady flow.From the alternating-current of supply network supply, become direct current through rectifier, introduce electrodialyzer by electrode.Through the electrochemical reaction on solution electrode interface, complete the process being converted into ionic conduction by electronic conduction.The membrane stack part tightened together with clamping piece is called electrodialyzer.Electrodialyzer will carry out work, must have the utility appliance such as water pump, rectifier, also must have into water pre-treatment facility.Usually electrodialyzer and utility appliance are generically and collectively referred to as electrodialyzer device.
5) divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED) unit: common cation exchange membrane, high-valence cationic comparatively at a low price positively charged ion preferentially through.This characteristic, needs the application that monovalence divalent ion is separated to be very disadvantageous for some.Therefore urgent requirement is proposed to the development of the special permselectivity membrane of monovalent cation.The method of production of special permselectivity membrane is a lot, and what succeed at first is carry out surface modification treatment to ion-exchange membrane.Japan is technically walked in the world foremost at this.
My company passes through technology introduction, adopts Japanese imported with original packaging monovalent ion exchange membrane, can reach and be separated the bivalent ions object of monovalence.This ion-exchange membrane anode membrane, on the surface with the charged layer of positively charged ion that one deck is very thin, female die surface has the very thin highly cross-linked layer of one deck.Compare to conventional ion exchange membrane and have that membrane resistance low (film is thin), rejection are high, concentration rate high.
6) MVR evaporation unit 31,33:MVR are the abbreviations of steam mechanical recompression.MVR is the energy re-using the secondary steam that it self produces, thus reduces a power-saving technology of the demand of the energy to external world.As far back as the sixties, with regard to successful, this technology is used for the fields such as chemical industry, food, medicine, sea water desaltination and sewage disposal abroad.In MVR vapo(u)rization system, the secondary steam that evaporation produces compresses through compressor, electric energy is converted to heat energy, the temperature of steam, pressure are improved, heat content increases, and the heating chamber then reentering vaporizer, as thermal source, makes full use of the latent heat of steam, make feed liquid maintain boiling state, heating steam itself is then condensed into water.Need with raw quantity of steam little in whole evaporative process.Originally the steam will discarded is fully utilized, improves thermo-efficiency, the economy of raw steam is equivalent to 30 effects of multiple-effect evaporation in theory.
The flow process of MVR evaporation unit is:
(1) raw material preheating: material storing is in surge tank, one-level preheating (plate-type heat exchanger) is sent into by fresh feed pump, the not condensation gas that material and well heater are discharged in plate-type heat exchanger carries out heat exchange, and material heats up at about 5 DEG C under vacuum.Then material is delivered to secondary preheater (plate-type heat exchanger), in plate-type heat exchanger material and well heater not water of condensation carry out heat exchange, reclaim condensation water residual heat, make condensate temperature be down to less than 50 DEG C, then enter condensate water pot.Material continues to enter three grades of preheaters (plate-type heat exchanger), with on steam preheating to 80 DEG C, then enters well heater.
(2) material evaporation concentrates: material enters heater heats, then enters separator gas-liquid separation, and the material after concentrated delivers to whizzer by discharging pump makes solid and liquid separation.
(3) MVR system: the secondary steam (temperature is at 80 DEG C) that well heater is discharged to separator delivers to the compression of centrifugal vapour compressor, temperature can be elevated to 95 DEG C, steam after compression sends into heater heats material again, in the process of heated material, the steam condensate of generation is discharged by condensate pump.
The present invention also can adopt multi-effect evaporating device to replace above-mentioned MVR evaporation unit in the particular embodiment.
Invention have employed a divalence and is separated electrodialysis system, and system is separated to monovalence with divalent salts and carries out concentration and recovery to monovalent salt and becomes Industrial Salt, realizes solid waste reduction.By original mixed salt, need to carry out endangering useless process, become the sodium-chlor and sodium sulfate that need in industry, achieved and turn waste into wealth, and real achieve zero-discharge technology.
Claims (6)
1. an Industrial sewage treatment system, it comprises the equalizing tank that collects sewage, thereafter mutually then primarily of the pretreatment system that V-type filter tank is formed, phase then one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system after this pretreatment system, after it is characterized in that the reverse osmosis units in described one-level " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system, one road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters at least one-level frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system that is attached thereto and concentrates, and another road fresh water connects reuse pool or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool;
Dense water out after described frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected to one can be separated electrodialysis system to the divalence that monovalence is separated with divalent salts, be connected with a pair monovalent salt after this divalence separation electrodialysis system carry out concentration and recovery and obtain the MVR evaporation unit of crystallization sodium-chlor, and described divalence separation electrodialysis system water outlet is below connected with at least another grade of frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, water outlet after this frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connects reuse pool, dense water out is connected to the MVR evaporation unit that another can obtain sulfate crystal salt.
2. Industrial sewage treatment system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that a described road reverse osmosis concentrated water enters to be attached thereto, the secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connected successively also concentrates, dense water out wherein after previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected to a described divalence and is separated electrodialysis system, water outlet is connected to rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, and connected reuse pool by the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system or communicated with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool, the MVR evaporation unit of sulfate crystal salt is accessed described in dense water out is connected on.
3. Industrial sewage treatment system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that a described divalence is separated electrodialysis system water outlet below and is connected with the another secondary frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connected successively, wherein the water outlet of previous stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is connected on rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system, and the water outlet of rear stage frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system connects reuse pool or communicates with the reuse water outlet pipe of reuse pool; And the frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system that described secondary connects successively dense water out be below connected on respectively described in access the MVR evaporation unit of sulfate crystal salt.
4. Industrial sewage treatment system according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system is formed primarily of an electrodialyzer, this electrodialyzer forms primarily of anions and canons exchange membrane, dividing plate and electrode, the compartment that described dividing plate is formed is the passage that liquid flows through, and the compartment of fresh water process is desalting chamber, the compartment of dense water process is concentration compartments;
A described divalence is separated electrodialysis system mainly on the basis of existing electrodialyzer, select one can reach monovalence divalent ion be separated monovalent ion exchange membrane, and with the charged layer of the very thin positively charged ion of one deck on the female die surface of monovalent ion exchange membrane, anode membrane is on the surface with the highly cross-linked film that one deck is very thin;
Described MVR evaporation unit connects to form successively primarily of at least secondary preheater of fresh feed pump, series connection, well heater, vapour liquid separator, thereafter the whizzer that material is sent into through discharging pump carries out solid-liquid separation, after described well heater to the secondary steam that separator is discharged is admitted to the compression of centrifugal vapour compressor, pressure steam sends into heater heats material again, in the process of heated material, the steam condensate of generation has condensate pump to discharge.
5. utilize a sewage water treatment method for Industrial sewage treatment system described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that described sewage water treatment method comprises the steps:
A) pre-treatment, first each stock sewage enter equalizing tank, and homogeneous is all measured rear lifting and entered V-type filter tank, the suspended substance in sand filtration removal sewage and colloidal material;
B) sand filtration water outlet enters " ultrafiltration+reverse osmosis " system, and the main effect of ultra filtration unit is that separating suspension macromolecular colloid, glutinous mud, microorganism, organism etc. can cause dirty stifled impurity to reverse osmosis membrane, and reverse osmosis unit carries out desalting treatment;
C) reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution enters the combined treatment unit that " frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED)+frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR)+MVR evaporation unit " is formed, wherein:
The advanced EDR unit of reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution carries out concentrating and desalinate process, and concentrated solution concentration reaches about 6%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse; Then enter a divalence to be separated electrodialysis cell and to carry out sodium-chlor to the dense water of EDR and be separated with sodium sulfate, from the dense water of EDR, isolate the very high sodium-chlor of purity, by MVR evaporative crystallization finished product as sodium-chlor Industrial Salt, realize solid waste reduction process; Fresh water enters the process of follow-up frequently pole-reversing electroosmosis system (EDR);
Fresh water after one divalence is separated electrodialysis system (ED) enters EDR unit again and concentrates, and concentration reaches more than 10%, and fresh water directly takes off to mix with reverse osmosis produced water to below 500mg/L and reaches reuse standard reuse;
D) final strong brine has two strands, and one be sodium chloride solution, sodium chloride content about 19%, water yield 17T/H, stock is sodium-chlor, the sour sodium of sulfuric acid and part COD mixing solutions in addition, saltiness about about 10%, water yield 5T/H;
Sodium chloride solution directly arranges the MVT evaporation unit that a set for the treatment of capacity is 20 T/H, and condensing crystal sodium-chlor is as Industrial Salt; Mixed solution outside two is according to local meteorological conditions and the principle of saving running cost, and in the period that summer high temperature steam output is large, strong brine enters evaporation pond and carries out nature mummification; In the winter time ice period and steam output little period, strong brine enters the MVT evaporation unit that other a set for the treatment of capacity is 5 T/H.
6. sewage water treatment method according to claim 5, is characterized in that in described sewage water treatment method:
Before ultrafiltration, self-cleaning filter is set, prevents pipeline and equipment scaling, and subsequent film process is shielded;
Reverse osmosis concentrated salt solution is introduced into dense unit for treating water, then carries out electric cleaner, ensures subsequent concentration procedures system non-scaling;
Described V-type filter tank, strainer and ultra filtration unit need to carry out backwash, have part to produce water as backwash water, and backwash water needs to collect rear reprocessing; Wherein hyperfiltration reverse-rinsing water produces pond from self, and backwash water enters Treated sewage reusing unit buffering pond after collecting;
Treated sewage reusing always to be intake 1200m3/h(TDS=4000ppm), producing can the middle water 1000m3/h(TDS=500 ppm of reuse), remaining 200 m3/h reflux back Sewage treatment systems; Solid salt divides and carries out a point salt, wherein solid sodium chloride 3.2T/H, sodium-chlor and sodium sulfate blended solid 0.48T/H; Salt rate is divided to be 87%.
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| CN114174230A (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2022-03-11 | 百奥福瑞斯特森林研究有限公司 | Method for recovering water and chemicals from an apparatus for treating pulp and paper mill effluents |
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