CN104996297B - 一种铁皮石斛多元培养基 - Google Patents
一种铁皮石斛多元培养基 Download PDFInfo
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- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，包括硝酸铵18‑25g/L、磷酸二氢钾1‑2g/L、硝酸钾20‑30g/L、硝酸钙6‑10g/L、硫酸镁3‑8g/L、硫酸锰2‑4g/L、硫酸铁0.5‑1g/L、钼酸钠0.5‑1g/L、维生素B1 0.5‑1g/L、维生素B6 0.2‑0.5g/L、维生素B5 0.5‑1g/L、Na2‑EDTA 1‑2g/L、萘乙酸0.5‑1g/L、阿魏酸0.2‑0.6g/L、香蕉泥10‑15g/L、葡萄籽3‑8g/L、富硒微藻2‑5g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.1‑0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.1‑0.9g/L、白糖5‑8g/L、琼脂1‑3g/L。本发明在培养基中加入葡萄籽粉，不但可以提高铁皮石斛的产量与质量，还可以提高铁皮石斛的生物转化率；在培养基中添加了阿魏酸，保护了吲哚丁酸免于脱羧化，使吲哚丁酸充分发挥诱导作用；在培养基中加入富硒海洋微藻，可以杀虫灭菌和提供铁皮石斛生长营养；所述培养基能够确保铁皮石斛极高的生根率和根茎的良好生长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种铁皮石斛的栽培，特别是一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，属于农业种植领域。
背景技术
铁皮石斛为多年生草本，属附生兰类，俗名铁皮枫斗，因其老茎外呈黑色，又名为黑节草，石斛是常用的名贵中药，应用历史悠久，在《神农本草经》中被列为上品，现已证实它具有滋阴清热、生津益胃、止咳润肺、润喉明目、提高人体免疫功能、防治肿瘤和心血管疾病以及改善睡眠、防治白内障、延年益寿等功效。但由于生长环境特殊和分布局限，以及长期采挖，自然资源日趋枯竭，已被国家列为重点保护的野生药材并鼓励人工大面积栽培铁皮石斛。
随着现代生物学的发展，通过组织培养进行无性繁殖越来越广泛。组培繁殖具有时间短、繁殖系数高、植株无病毒污染，可进行大量育苗和多季育苗，既经济又简单，并且保持母体的优良性状，因而被广泛用于多种植物的种质保存、植株脱毒及农业、园艺和林业等生产领域。
中国专利201210502454.X公开了一种铁皮石斛培养液，含有以下组分：硝酸钾、硝酸铵、硫酸镁、硫酸锰、硫酸锌、磷酸二氢钾、硫酸铜、碘化钾、氯化钴、硼酸、钼酸钠、维生素VB1、维生素VB6、维生素VB5、甘氨酸、硫酸亚铁、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、氯化钙、萘乙酸、香蕉泥、土豆泥、白糖、肌醇、琼脂粉。该培养液够快速促根生茎，提高了铁皮石斛中多糖含量、氨基酸含量，但是其铁皮石斛移栽存活率并没有显著提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种铁皮石斛培养液。
实现本发明目的的技术解决方案为：一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，包括硝酸铵18-25g/L、磷酸二氢钾1-2g/L、硝酸钾20-30g/L、硝酸钙6-10g/L、硫酸镁3-8g/L、硫酸锰2-4g/L、硫酸铁0.5-1g/L、钼酸钠0.5-1g/L、维生素B1 0.5-1g/L、维生素B6 0.2-0.5g/L、维生素B5 0.5-1g/L、Na2-EDTA 1-2g/L、萘乙酸0.5-1g/L、阿魏酸0.2-0.6g/L、香蕉泥10-15g/L、葡萄籽3-8g/L、富硒微藻2-5g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.1-0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.1-0.9g/L、白糖5-8g/L、琼脂1-3g/L。
所述的培养液的pH值范围在5.5-6.0之间。
所述的富硒微藻选用蓝藻或硅藻。
本发明与现有技术相比，其显著优点：
1.在培养基中加入葡萄籽粉，葡萄籽中含有丰富的多种氨基酸、维生素及矿物质，不但可以提高铁皮石斛的产量与质量，还可以提高铁皮石斛的生物转化率。
2.在培养基中添加了阿魏酸，一种天然酚化合物，阿魏酸保护吲哚丁酸免于脱羧化，使吲哚丁酸充分发挥诱导作用。
3..在培养基中加入富硒海洋微藻，富硒海洋微藻中富含有机硒化合物，对许多微量元素及化合物均具有较强的富集作用，是一类选择性好、高效、成本低、操作简便的生物富集体，可以起到杀虫灭菌和提供铁皮石斛生长营养的作用，特别是针对炭疽病、腐根病、枯萎病、菲蚧盾等十几种病虫害具有非常显著的效果。
4.培养基富含铁皮石斛生根成长所需的各种营养物质和植物激素，能够确保铁皮石斛极高的生根率和根茎的良好生长。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，包括硝酸铵18g/L、磷酸二氢钾2g/L、硝酸钾30g/L、硝酸钙8g/L、硫酸镁5g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸铁0.5g/L、钼酸钠1g/L、维生素B1 0.8g/L、维生素B6 0.2g/L、维生素B5 0.5g/L、Na2-EDTA2g/L、萘乙酸0.5g/L、阿魏酸0.2g/L、香蕉泥10g/L、葡萄籽8g/L、富硒微藻2g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.8g/L、白糖5g/L、琼脂2g/L。
实施例2
一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，包括硝酸铵21g/L、磷酸二氢钾1g/L、硝酸钾25g/L、硝酸钙10g/L、硫酸镁3g/L、硫酸锰4g/L、硫酸铁0.5g/L、钼酸钠0.5g/L、维生素B1 0.5g/L、维生素B6 0.5g/L、维生素B5 1g/L、Na2-EDTA 1g/L、萘乙酸1g/L、阿魏酸0.5g/L、香蕉泥15g/L、葡萄籽3g/L、富硒微藻4g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.4g/L、吲哚丁酸0.1g/L、白糖5g/L、琼脂3g/L。
实施例3
一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，包括硝酸铵25g/L、磷酸二氢钾1.5g/L、硝酸钾20g/L、硝酸钙6g/L、硫酸镁8g/L、硫酸锰2g/L、硫酸铁1g/L、钼酸钠0.6g/L、维生素B1 0.6g/L、维生素B6 0.4g/L、维生素B5 0.6g/L、Na2-EDTA1.2g/L、萘乙酸0.8g/L、阿魏酸0.3g/L、香蕉泥12g/L、葡萄籽5g/L、富硒微藻5g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.1g/L、吲哚丁酸0.9g/L、白糖8g/L、琼脂1g/L。
对比例1
一种铁皮石斛培养液，包括硝酸铵25g/L、磷酸二氢钾3g/L、硝酸钾30g/L、硝酸钙8g/L、硫酸镁5g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸铁0.5g/L、钼酸钠1g/L、维生素B1 0.8g/L、维生素B60.2g/L、维生素B5 0.5g/L、Na2-EDTA2g/L、萘乙酸0.5g/L、阿魏酸0.2g/L、香蕉泥10g/L、富硒微藻2g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.8g/L、白糖5g/L、琼脂2g/L。
对比例2
一种铁皮石斛培养液，包括硝酸铵20g/L、磷酸二氢钾2g/L、硝酸钾30g/L、硝酸钙8g/L、硫酸镁5g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸铁0.5g/L、钼酸钠1g/L、维生素B1 0.8g/L、维生素B60.2g/L、维生素B5 0.5g/L、Na2-EDTA2g/L、萘乙酸0.5g/L、阿魏酸0.2g/L、香蕉泥10g/L、葡萄籽8g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.8g/L、白糖5g/L、琼脂2g/L。
对比例3
一种铁皮石斛培养液，包括硝酸铵18g/L、磷酸二氢钾2g/L、硝酸钾30g/L、硝酸钙8g/L、硫酸镁5g/L、硫酸锰3g/L、硫酸铁0.5g/L、钼酸钠1g/L、维生素B1 0.8g/L、维生素B60.2g/L、维生素B5 0.5g/L、Na2-EDTA2g/L、萘乙酸0.5g/L、香蕉泥10g/L、葡萄籽8g/L、富硒微藻2g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.5g/L、白糖5g/L、琼脂3g/L。
在无菌条件下取长有3～5节茎段的长度2～2.5cm的有腋芽的铁皮石斛茎段作为外植体，将外植体分别置于实施例1-3和对比例1-3的培养液及普通MS培养液进行培养，培养条件：温度25℃、光照条件2000LX、光照时间12h/d，培养25天后进行比较。所得实验数据如下表所示：
Claims (2)
1.一种铁皮石斛多元培养基，其特征在于，包括硝酸铵18-25g/L、磷酸二氢钾1-2g/L、硝酸钾20-30g/L、硝酸钙6-10g/L、硫酸镁3-8g/L、硫酸锰2-4g/L、硫酸铁0.5-1g/L、钼酸钠0.5-1g/L、维生素B1 0.5-1g/L、维生素B6 0.2-0.5g/L、维生素B5 0.5-1g/L、Na2-EDTA 1-2g/L、萘乙酸0.5-1g/L、阿魏酸0.2-0.6g/L、香蕉泥10-15g/L、葡萄籽3-8g/L、蓝藻或硅藻2-5g/L、水溶性碳纳米管0.1-0.5g/L、吲哚丁酸0.1-0.9g/L、白糖5-8g/L、琼脂1-3g/L。
2.如权利要求1所述的铁皮石斛多元培养基，其特征在于，培养基的pH值范围在5.5-6.0之间。
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