CN104992376A - River basin water resource planning and utilization method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of water conservancy, specifically to a river basin water resource planning and utilization method. The method includes the steps of measuring a rainfall value of a river basin, and estimating a vegetation transpiration value, a soil evaporation value, a land area evapotranspiration quantity and an evapotranspiration quantity of the river basin, and obtains water storage variables of the basin according to a green water quantity and a blue water quantity in the river basin and by virtue of models and formulas, thereby achieving the purpose of water resource planning and utilization. The method provided by the invention can be accurately and reliable applied to basin water resource planning, ecological environment evaluation, ecological water demand accounting, basin hydrologic cycle process simulation and the like, has a wide range of application, and is a method of planning seeking for sustainably utilizing water resources based on an eco-hydrological idea; and the method achieves a guiding function for water resource management, eco-water environment construction, industry and agriculture industrial planning and flood control and drought relief, thereby enabling an industry and agriculture industrial structure and water resource development and utilization to be more scientific and more reasonable, and promoting sustainable development of regional economy.

Description

A kind of river basins water resources Application way

Technical field

The present invention relates to Water Resources Domain, be specifically related to a kind of river basins water resources Application way.

Background technology

Along with becoming increasingly conspicuous of the ecological environment problem relevant with water, ecological environmental protection enjoys the extensive concern of society, and people more and more recognize the importance coordinating with natural ecosystems to coexist to human kind sustainable development.The regional hydrological processes change that water resources development and utilization causes will inevitably have an impact to region environment system, and region environment change, the especially change of vegetation ecosystem, being bound to will to regional hydrological processes generation effect.In the face of the reality of global water resources worsening shortages, find a kind of new basin water resources planing method and theory, water resource in scientific and reasonable exploitation basin, instruct industrial and agricultural production or industrial pattern in basin, and by the water requirement of industry restructuring, realize the requirement of local economy sustainable development.

A kind of based on the basin water resources planing method under Eco-hydrological theory; Its core content is the freshwater resources be considered as by precipitation by the mankind and natural shared in common, think that the most basic water resource is precipitation, precipitation is divided into the concept of clear water and Lan Shui, clear water refer to Hydrology circulation in gaseous state current or total Evapotranspiration, it comprise retain from plant, earth's surface, the water surface and soil unproductive evaporation and be derived from plant transpiration, Promoting plant growth productivity rising, the clear water being obviously derived from precipitation supports terrestrial ecosystems.Lan Shui refers to the liquid water stream in terrestrial water circulation, and it comprises rainwash and the recharge of ground water, i.e. the footpath fluidity water resource of precipitation formation, and it is the basic water source supporting aquatic ecosystem.

Rainwash with Lan Shuiwei master, and is considered as developable water resource by water past MRP, have ignored the rainwater of moist all things on earth growth.We know, in basin water ecological environment, rainwater has been main contributions effect, but owing to lacking planning and management method, mankind's activity has seriously caused the degeneration of most critical in water circulation, the most active factor (vegetation).

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention is to build one and comprehensively build river basin ecological Natural-Social-Economic Complex Water Resources System from water resource subsystem, social economy's subsystem and ecologic environment subsystem three aspects, can be used for water resource and the ecologic environment state of quantitative evaluation target river basins, thus carry out the method for river basins water resources utilization.

In order to realize foregoing invention object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention comprises:

A kind of river basins water resources Application way, it comprises the steps:

Step one: the rainfall value obtaining river basins, adopts the rainfall value of anti-distance weighting method of interpolation to described river basins to carry out space interpolation, obtained rainfall amount distribution plan and isogram, obtain the rainfall amount of described river basins, i.e. total water resources quantity.

Step 2: obtain the latent heat of vaporization in described river basins, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, saturation vapour pressure, Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, atmospheric density, soil heat flux, pressurization by compressed air specific heat, canopy conductance, saturation vapour pressure, actual water vapor pressure, aerodynamics degree of leading, leaf area index, surface albedo and ground mulching, estimates the transpiration value of described river basins according to following formula (1).

$E_c=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\λ}}\[\frac{\mathrm{\Δ}(R_n-G)(1-\mathrm{\τ})+{\mathrm{\ρ}}_a{C}_p{D}_a{G}_a}{\mathrm{\Δ}+\mathrm{\γ}(1+G_a/G_c)}\]---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

ρ _afor atmospheric density, unit is kgm ^-3;

C _pfor pressurization by compressed air specific heat, unit is MJ/kg/ DEG C;

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

G _afor aerodynamics degree of leading, be the inverse of Aerodynamic resistance, unit is m/s;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

G _cfor canopy conductance, unit is m/s.

Wherein G _ccalculated by following formula (1 ?1),

$G_c=\frac{g_{sx}}{k_Q}ln\[\frac{Q_h+Q_{50}}{Q_h\exp (-k_{A}LAI)+Q_{50}}\]\[\frac{1}{1+D_a/D_{50}}\]---(1-1)$

G _sxfor vegetation stomatal conductance, unit is m/s;

K _qfor the attenuation coefficient of shortwave radiation;

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

Q _hfor the visible radiation flux above canopy, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

LAI is leaf area index;

Q ₅₀and D ₅₀be respectively as stomatal conductance g _s=g _sx/ 2 (g _sxg _smaximal value) time visible radiation flux and aqueous vapor pressure reduction, unit is respectively MJ/m ²/ d and kPa.

Wherein τ is calculated by following formula (1 ?2),

τ＝exp(-k _ALAI) (1‐2)

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

LAI is leaf area index.

Wherein D _αcalculated by following formula (1 ?3),

D _a＝e ₀-e _a(1‐3)

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

E ₀for saturation vapour pressure, unit is kPa;

E _afor actual water vapor pressure, unit is kPa.

Step 3: the soil evaporation value estimating described river basins according to following formula (2),

$E_s=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\λ}}\[\frac{f\mathrm{\Δ}\mathrm{\τ}(R_n-G)}{\mathrm{\Δ}+\mathrm{\γ}}\]---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

F is soil evaporation coefficient, represents the moistening degree of soil;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1.

Step 4: the land-based area evapotranspiration amount estimating described river basins according to following formula (3),

ET _land=E _c+ E _s(3)

Wherein: ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount, unit is mm;

E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm.

Step 5: evaporation from water surface, i.e. the evapotranspiration amount of described river basins in the basin estimating described river basins according to following formula (4), thus obtain total evaporation of catchment basic evaporation amount real-time distribution isogram;

Wherein: ET _waterfor water surface evaporation, unit is mm;

R is water surface radiative equilibrium value, and unit is mm/d;

E _afor the air oxygen detrition power near the water surface, unit is mm/d;

Δ is saturation vapour pressure slope of a curve, and unit is Pa/K;

R is wet and dry bulb constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1.

Step 6: adopt SWAT model to adjust blue water and the clear water of described river basins in real time dynamically, obtain blue water and clear water spatial distribution map, obtain the clear water amount in described river basins and the blue water yield.

Step 7: the social economy's water consumption obtaining described river basins, thus obtain whole River basin evapotranspiration and send out, river basins water resource profit and loss according to following formula (5 ?1) or (5 ?2) analysis and assessment standard year, finally realize basin water resources and manage.

P+W _outward=W _green+ W _blue+ Δ Q=ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath+ Δ Q (5-1)

(P+W _outward)-(ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath)=Δ Q (5-2)

Wherein: P is total water resources quantity;

W _outwardfor outer water diversion volume;

W _greenfor clear water amount;

W _bluefor the blue water yield;

ET _societyfor social economy's water consumption;

ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount;

ET _waterfor water surface evaporation;

R _footpathfor Watershed Runoff amount, can be obtained by the observation of Outlet Section hydrometric station, basin;

△ Q is the retaining variable in basin.

As △ Q=0, represent the water demand and supply balance of described river basins;

As △ Q < 0, social economy's water consumption need be reduced, or increase outer water diversion volume.

Further, in step 2 and three, the vegetation in watershed is classified by cultural vegetation, shrubbery, thick grass, grassland, grassy marshland, coniferous forest and broad-leaf forest, and vegetation attribute is extracted computing unit grid element center point respectively; Utilize the method for classification process that study area is divided into the different subregion of 7 classes, at times to soil evaporation coefficient f and the stomatal conductance g of every class subregion by vegetation pattern _sxparameter is optimized calibration, draws the spatial and temporal variation of two parameter; Remote sensing calculating year, evapotranspiration moon data are sent out measured value as actual evapotranspiration use; The method adopting Peng Man-Meng Tesi model to combine with remote sensing technology, calculates basin transpiration E respectively according to formula (1) and (2) _cwith soil evaporation E _s.

Technique effect of the present invention is:

The inventive method introduces Penman-Monteith (P-M) model based on MODIS remote sensing leaf area index, realize the estimation of watershed day evapotranspiration, and utilize soil evaporation coefficient to be separated with soil evaporation by transpiration, the estimation respectively of both realizations.Adopt device to survey Commutation Law, model computing method and empirical formula method watershed water surface evaporation to calculate, and the computational accuracy of various method is analyzed.On this basis, utilize soil evaporation, transpiration and evaporation from water surface joint account to go out total evaporation of catchment basic evaporation, analyze evaporation capacity spatial and temporal variation.

The present invention is based on evapotranspiration (ET) watershed water resource to manage.Assess current basin water resources degrees of coordination, analyze basin water resources development and utilization Problems existing, screening out affects basin and to develop in harmony main factor, water management target is set, by measures such as adjustment pattern of farming, Water Saving Irrigation System, the industrial structure, resident living water, water source conversion and river basin ecological reparations, the distribution of Reasonable adjustment ET on space-time, improve the efficiency that ET is utilized, reduce poor efficiency and invalid ET, increase efficient ET, thus realize the sustainable use of basin water resources.

Use method of the present invention accurately, reliably can be applied to basin water resources planning, Ecology Environment Evaluation, Water Requirement accounting, River Basin Hydrology cyclic process simulation etc., having wide range of applications, is a kind of method based on seeking sustainable use water resources under Eco-hydrological theory.

Method of the present invention plays directive function for water resources management, Ecological water environment construction, industrial or agricultural estate planning and flood-control and drought relief, make the industrial or agricultural industrial structure in basin, water resources development and utilization more scientific and reasonable, thus promote the sustainable development of regional economy.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the Ziyahe River basin spatial distributing of rainfall figure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 calculates;

Fig. 2 is the Ziyahe River basin quantity of precipitation distribution of contours figure that the embodiment of the present invention 1 calculates;

Fig. 3 is the green irrigation water distribution map in Ziyahe River basin that the embodiment of the present invention 1 calculates;

Fig. 4 is the blue irrigation water distribution map in Ziyahe River basin that the embodiment of the present invention 1 calculates.

Embodiment

Further illustrate flesh and blood of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and example, but content of the present invention is not limited to this.

Embodiment 1

Below with Ziyahe River basin for survey region, choose 2008 for standard year, adopt above-mentioned steps to be that example further illustrates the inventive method.

According to Ziyahe River basin and periphery totally 409 precipitation survey stations acquisition rainfall values, anti-distance weighting method of interpolation (IDW) antithetical phrase tooth river valley quantity of precipitation is adopted to carry out space interpolation, obtain Rainfall distribution figure (see Fig. 1) and isogram (see Fig. 2), using the total water resources quantity P of precipitation as basin.

Obtain the latent heat of vaporization in described river basins, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, saturation vapour pressure, Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, atmospheric density, soil heat flux, pressurization by compressed air specific heat, canopy conductance, saturation vapour pressure, actual water vapor pressure, aerodynamics degree of leading, leaf area index, surface albedo and ground mulching; Vegetation in watershed is classified by cultural vegetation, shrubbery, thick grass, grassland, grassy marshland, coniferous forest and broad-leaf forest, and vegetation attribute is extracted computing unit grid element center point respectively; Utilize the method for classification process that study area is divided into the different subregion of 7 classes, at times to soil evaporation coefficient f and the stomatal conductance g of every class subregion by vegetation pattern _sxparameter is optimized calibration, draws the spatial and temporal variation of two parameter; Remote sensing calculating year, evapotranspiration moon data are sent out measured value as actual evapotranspiration use; The method adopting Peng Man-Meng Tesi model to combine with remote sensing technology, estimates the transpiration value of described river basins according to the following Penman-Monteith based on MODIS remote sensing leaf area index (P-M) model formation (1).

$E_c=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\&lsqb;\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}(R_n-G)(1-\mathrm{\&tau;})+{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_a{C}_p{D}_a{G}_a}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}+\mathrm{\&gamma;}(1+G_a/G_c)}\&rsqb;---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

ρ _afor atmospheric density, unit is kgm ^-3;

C _pfor pressurization by compressed air specific heat, unit is MJ/kg/ DEG C;

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

G _afor aerodynamics degree of leading, be the inverse of Aerodynamic resistance, unit is m/s;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

G _cfor canopy conductance, unit is m/s;

Wherein G _ccalculated by following formula (1 ?1).

$G_c=\frac{g_{sx}}{k_Q}\ln \&lsqb;\frac{Q_h+Q_{50}}{Q_h\exp (-k_{A}LAI)+Q_{50}}\&rsqb;\&lsqb;\frac{1}{1+D_a/D_{50}}\&rsqb;---(1-1)$

G _sxfor vegetation stomatal conductance, unit is m/s;

K _qfor the attenuation coefficient of shortwave radiation;

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

Q _hfor the visible radiation flux above canopy, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

Q ₅₀and D ₅₀be respectively as stomatal conductance g _s=g _sx/ 2 (g _sxg _smaximal value) time visible radiation flux and aqueous vapor pressure reduction, unit is respectively MJ/m ²/ d and kPa.

Wherein τ is calculated by following formula (1 ?2);

τ＝exp(-k _ALAI) (1‐2)

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

LAI is leaf area index;

Wherein D _αcalculated by following formula (1 ?3);

D _a＝e ₀-e _a(1‐3)

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

E ₀for saturation vapour pressure, unit is kPa;

E _afor actual water vapor pressure, unit is kPa;

The soil evaporation value of described river basins is estimated according to following formula (2);

$E_s=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\&lsqb;\frac{f\mathrm{\&Delta;}\mathrm{\&tau;}(R_n-G)}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}+\mathrm{\&gamma;}}\&rsqb;---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

F is soil evaporation coefficient, represents the moistening degree of soil;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

The land-based area evapotranspiration amount of described river basins is estimated according to following formula (3);

ET _land=E _c+ E _s(3)

Wherein: ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount, unit is mm;

E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm.

Evaporation from water surface, i.e. the evapotranspiration amount of described river basins in the basin estimating described river basins according to following formula (4), thus obtain total evaporation of catchment basic evaporation amount real-time distribution isogram;

Wherein: ET _waterfor water surface evaporation, unit is mm;

R is water surface radiative equilibrium value, and unit is mm/d;

E _afor the air oxygen detrition power near the water surface, unit is mm/d;

Δ is saturation vapour pressure slope of a curve, and unit is Pa/K;

R is wet and dry bulb constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1.

SWAT model is adopted to adjust blue water (the i.e. Watershed Runoff amount R of described river basins in real time dynamically _footpath) and clear water amount (namely River basin evapotranspiration sends out ET, comprises social economy water consumption ET _society, land-based area evapotranspiration amount ET _landwith water surface evaporation ET _water), obtain blue water and clear water spatial distribution map (as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4), obtain the clear water amount in described river basins and the blue water yield.

Obtain social economy's water consumption of described river basins, thus obtain whole River basin evapotranspiration and send out (ET), river basins water resource profit and loss according to following formula (5 ?1) or (5 ?2) analysis and assessment standard year, finally realize basin water resources and manage.Ziyahe River basin Analysis of Water Balance before planning and after planning is respectively in table 1 and table 2.

P+W _outward=W _green+ W _blue+ Δ Q=ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath+ Δ Q (5-1)

(P+W _outward)-(ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath)=Δ Q (5-2)

Wherein: P is total water resources quantity;

W _outwardfor outer water diversion volume;

W _greenfor clear water amount;

W _bluefor the blue water yield;

ET _societyfor social economy's water consumption;

ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount;

E is water surface evaporation;

R is Watershed Runoff amount, can be obtained by the observation of Outlet Section hydrometric station, basin;

△ Q is the retaining variable in basin.

As △ Q=0, represent the water demand and supply balance of described river basins;

As △ Q < 0, social economy's water consumption need be reduced, or increase outer water diversion volume.

Table 1 standard year Ziyahe River basin Analysis of Water Balance table

As seen from the above table, this river basins standard year general water resources amount is 257.66 hundred million m ³, total water consumption is 263.87 hundred million m ³, the retaining variable △ Q in basin is-13.66 hundred million m ³, namely (P-∑ ET) value is negative value, need by the water consumption target of adjustment region unit or by south water to north diversion W _outwardmode, meets the ecologic environment of this Watershed Unit, social economy needs water requirement.

By social economy's water requirement Planning Measures, under 75% fraction, Ziyahe River project period basin retaining variable △ Q Wei ?9.23 hundred million m ³(see table 2), groundwater mining amount is effectively controlled.On this basis by planning of ecological restoration measure, under project period 75% fraction, Ziyahe River water consumption of river basin reduces by 2.5 hundred million m ³, basin retaining variable △ Q Wei ?6.60 hundred million m ³(see table 3), river basin ecological environment improves further.

Table 2 Ziyahe River project period basin Analysis of Water Balance table

Claims (2)

1. a river basins water resources Application way, is characterized in that, it comprises the steps:

Step one: the rainfall value obtaining river basins, adopts the rainfall value of anti-distance weighting method of interpolation to described river basins to carry out space interpolation, obtained rainfall amount distribution plan and isogram, obtain the rainfall amount of described river basins, i.e. total water resources quantity;

Step 2: obtain the latent heat of vaporization in described river basins, the highest temperature, the lowest temperature, saturation vapour pressure, Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, atmospheric density, soil heat flux, pressurization by compressed air specific heat, canopy conductance, saturation vapour pressure, actual water vapor pressure, aerodynamics degree of leading, leaf area index, surface albedo and ground mulching, the transpiration value of described river basins is estimated according to following formula (1)

$E_c=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\&lsqb;\frac{\mathrm{\&Delta;}(R_n-G)(1-\mathrm{\&tau;})+{\mathrm{\&rho;}}_a{C}_p{D}_a{G}_a}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}+\mathrm{\&gamma;}(1+G_a/G_c)}\&rsqb;---\left(1\right)$

Wherein: E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

ρ _afor atmospheric density, unit is kgm ^-3;

C _pfor pressurization by compressed air specific heat, unit is MJ/kg/ DEG C;

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

G _afor aerodynamics degree of leading, be the inverse of Aerodynamic resistance, unit is m/s;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

G _cfor canopy conductance, unit is m/s;

Wherein G _ccalculated by following formula (1 ?1),

$G_c=\frac{g_{sx}}{k_Q}ln\&lsqb;\frac{Q_h+Q_{50}}{Q_h\exp (-k_{A}LAI)+Q_{50}}\&rsqb;\&lsqb;\frac{1}{1+D_a/D_{50}}\&rsqb;---(1-1)$

G _sxfor vegetation stomatal conductance, unit is m/s;

K _qfor the attenuation coefficient of shortwave radiation;

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

Q _hfor the visible radiation flux above canopy, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

LAI is leaf area index;

Q ₅₀and D ₅₀be respectively as stomatal conductance g _s=g _sx/ 2(g _sxg _smaximal value) time visible radiation flux and aqueous vapor pressure reduction, unit is respectively MJ/m ²/ d and kPa;

Wherein τ is calculated by following formula (1 ?2),

τ＝exp(-k _ALAI) （1‐2）

K _afor the attenuation coefficient of available radiation;

LAI is leaf area index;

Wherein D _αcalculated by following formula (1 ?3),

D _a＝e ₀-e _a（1‐3）

D _αfor reference altitude Saturation vapor pressure difference, unit is kPa;

E ₀for saturation vapour pressure, unit is kPa;

E _afor actual water vapor pressure, unit is kPa;

Step 3: the soil evaporation value estimating described river basins according to following formula (2),

$E_s=\frac{1}{\mathrm{\&lambda;}}\&lsqb;\frac{f\mathrm{\&Delta;}\mathrm{\&tau;}(R_n-G)}{\mathrm{\&Delta;}+\mathrm{\&gamma;}}\&rsqb;---\left(2\right)$

Wherein: E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm;

λ is the latent heat of vaporization, and unit is MJkg ^-1;

F is soil evaporation coefficient, represents the moistening degree of soil;

Δ is temperature-saturation vapour pressure rate of curve;

τ is soil absorption coefficient;

R _nfor Malabar Pied Hornbill net radiation, unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

G is soil heat flux, and unit is MJ/m ²/ d;

γ is hygrometer constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

Step 4: the land-based area evapotranspiration amount estimating described river basins according to following formula (3),

ET _land=E _c+ E _s(3)

Wherein: ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount, unit is mm;

E _cfor transpiration, unit is mm;

E _sfor soil evaporation, unit is mm;

Step 5: evaporation from water surface, i.e. the evapotranspiration amount of described river basins in the basin estimating described river basins according to following formula (4), thus obtain total evaporation of catchment basic evaporation amount real-time distribution isogram;

Wherein: ET _waterfor water surface evaporation, unit is mm;

R is water surface radiative equilibrium value, and unit is mm/d;

E _afor the air oxygen detrition power near the water surface, unit is mm/d;

Δ is saturation vapour pressure slope of a curve, and unit is Pa/K;

R is wet and dry bulb constant, and unit is kPa DEG C ^-1;

Step 6: adopt SWAT model to adjust blue water and the clear water of described river basins in real time dynamically, obtain blue water and clear water spatial distribution map, obtain the clear water amount in described river basins and the blue water yield;

Step 7: the social economy's water consumption obtaining described river basins, thus obtain whole River basin evapotranspiration and send out, river basins water resource profit and loss according to following formula (5 ?1) or (5 ?2) analysis and assessment standard year, finally realize basin water resources and manage;

P+W _outward=W _green+ W _blue+ Δ Q=ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath+ Δ Q (5-1)

(P+W _outward)-(ET _society+ ET _land+ ET _water+ R _footpath)=Δ Q (5-2)

Wherein: P is total water resources quantity;

W _outwardfor outer water diversion volume;

W _greenfor clear water amount;

W _bluefor the blue water yield;

ET _societyfor social economy's water consumption;

ET _landfor land-based area evapotranspiration amount;

ET _waterfor water surface evaporation;

R _footpathfor Watershed Runoff amount, can be obtained by the observation of Outlet Section hydrometric station, basin;

△ Q is the retaining variable in basin;

As △ Q=0, represent the water demand and supply balance of described river basins;

As △ Q < 0, social economy's water consumption need be reduced, or increase outer water diversion volume.

2. a kind of river basins water resources Application way according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in step 2 and three, vegetation in watershed is classified by cultural vegetation, shrubbery, thick grass, grassland, grassy marshland, coniferous forest and broad-leaf forest, and vegetation attribute is extracted computing unit grid element center point respectively; Utilize the method for classification process that study area is divided into the different subregion of 7 classes, at times to soil evaporation coefficient f and the stomatal conductance g of every class subregion by vegetation pattern _sxparameter is optimized calibration, draws the spatial and temporal variation of two parameter; Remote sensing calculating year, evapotranspiration moon data are sent out measured value as actual evapotranspiration use; The method adopting Peng Man-Meng Tesi model to combine with remote sensing technology, calculates basin transpiration E respectively according to formula (1) and (2) _cwith soil evaporation E _s.