CN111310674B - Remote sensing monitoring method and device for river ecological buffer zone based on grid division technology - Google Patents
Remote sensing monitoring method and device for river ecological buffer zone based on grid division technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a remote sensing monitoring method and a remote sensing monitoring device for a river ecological buffer zone based on a grid division technology, which belong to the field of river monitoring and comprise the following steps: acquiring remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data; determining a river water line according to the remote sensing image data and the water system data; taking the river water sideline as a reference to outwards make a buffer zone to obtain the buffer zone outer sideline; segmenting the outer boundary line of the buffer zone in an equal division mode and dividing the river buffer zone into a plurality of grid units; and judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, and determining the distribution area of the river ecological buffer zone. The invention can rapidly monitor the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone and provides technical support for river ecological environment management.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of river monitoring, in particular to a method and a device for remotely monitoring a river ecological buffer zone based on a grid division technology.
Background
The ecological buffer zone is an important component of a river water ecological system, has important effects on reducing land pollution from entering a water body and improving the water environment capacity of rivers and lakes, and has important significance on obtaining the current situation and the historical change situation of the ecological buffer zone and developing water ecological environment management decisions such as river ecological buffer zone restoration and the like.
The existing investigation method of the river ecological buffer zone comprises ground investigation and remote sensing investigation. The ground survey method is mainly carried out by selecting sample survey point locations to measure the sample of a typical river reach, and although the method has high accuracy of data obtained from the survey point locations, the method has the defects of small quantity of survey point locations, unclear point location representativeness and high manpower and material cost. The remote sensing investigation method is mainly carried out in a mode of interpreting the land utilization type in the buffer area on a remote sensing image, the method can carry out all-around monitoring on the river ecological buffer area, the cost of manpower and material resources is lower than that of ground investigation, but the problems of large workload and relatively low efficiency of manual interpretation still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a remote sensing monitoring method and a remote sensing monitoring device for a river ecological buffer zone based on a grid division technology.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring method based on a meshing technology, which comprises the following steps:
s100: acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered area;
s200: generating two river water sidelines at two sides of a river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data;
s300: respectively taking the two river water sidelines as a reference to outwards make buffer zones with certain widths, and obtaining two buffer zone outside sidelines at two sides of a river;
s400: segmenting the outer side lines of the buffer areas in an equal segmentation mode, wherein the outer side lines of the two buffer areas are divided into the same segment number;
s500: connecting the segmented nodes with the same sequence number on the outer lines of the two buffer areas through connecting lines, wherein the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the outer lines of the buffer areas divide the river buffer areas into a plurality of grid units;
s600: judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and if not, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone;
s700: and merging the adjacent grid units with the same type to obtain the final river ecological buffer zone distribution area.
Further, the S200 includes:
s210: taking a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data as an initial river water line;
s220: for a river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline with the river sideline to be used as the river sideline of the river reach;
s230: and for the waterless river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach or still using the initial river water sideline as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach.
Further, after S100 and before S200, the method further includes:
s110: performing orthorectification on the multispectral remote sensing image data to enable the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data to be consistent with the spatial position of the land utilization classification data;
s120: and performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
Further, the S400 includes:
s410: acquiring the spatial resolution of the land use classification data or the spatial resolution of a source data image of the land use classification data as a segmentation scale D;
s420: obtaining the lengths Lz and Ly of buffer zones on two sides of a river;
s430: taking the larger value of Lz/D and Ly/D as a segment number N;
s440: and dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N sections in an equal division mode.
Further, the S700 includes:
s710: calculating the type assignment of the grid unit into the buffer area outer line segment corresponding to the grid unit;
s720: and combining the adjacent buffer outer edge segments with the same assignment type.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring device based on a meshing technology, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered region;
the river water sideline generation module is used for generating two river water sidelines at two sides of a river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data;
the buffer zone outer side line generating module is used for outwards making a buffer zone with a certain width by taking the two river water side lines as references respectively to obtain two buffer zone outer side lines on two sides of a river;
the segmentation module is used for segmenting the outer boundary lines of the buffer areas in an equal segmentation mode, and the outer boundary lines of the two buffer areas are divided into the same segment number;
the mesh division module is used for connecting the segmentation nodes with the same sequence number on the outer lines of the two buffer areas through connecting lines, and the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the outer lines of the buffer areas divide the river buffer areas into a plurality of mesh units;
the type judging module is used for judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and if not, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone;
and the ecological buffer zone distribution area confirmation module is used for merging the adjacent grid units with the same type to obtain a final river ecological buffer zone distribution area.
Further, the river water edge generating module comprises:
an initial river water side line determination unit for taking a water side line vector of water system data of the country-based geographic information data as an initial river water side line;
the water river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data for the water river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline as the river sideline of the water river reach;
and the anhydrous river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data of the anhydrous river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach or still using the initial river water side line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach.
Further, the apparatus comprises:
the system comprises an orthorectification module, a land use classification data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the orthorectification module is used for orthorectifying multispectral remote sensing image data to enable the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data to be consistent with the spatial position of the land use classification data;
and the geographic position correction module is used for performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
Further, the segmentation module comprises:
the system comprises a segmentation scale determining unit, a segmentation scale determining unit and a classification scale calculating unit, wherein the segmentation scale determining unit is used for acquiring the spatial resolution of land utilization classification data or the spatial resolution of a source data image of the land utilization classification data as a segmentation scale D;
a buffer zone length obtaining unit for obtaining the lengths Lz and Ly of buffer zones at both sides of the river;
a segment number determination unit for taking a larger value of Lz/D and Ly/D as a segment number N;
and the segmentation unit is used for dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N segments in an equal division manner.
Further, the ecological buffer zone distribution area confirmation module includes:
the assignment unit is used for assigning the type assignment of the grid unit to the buffer area outer edge segment corresponding to the grid unit;
and the merging unit is used for sectionally merging the adjacent buffer outer edges with the same assignment type.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium for remote sensing monitoring of river ecological buffer zone, comprising a memory for storing processor executable instructions, which when executed by the processor implement the steps of the remote sensing monitoring method of river ecological buffer zone based on meshing technology of the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a device for remotely sensing and monitoring a river ecological buffer zone, which is characterized by comprising at least one processor and a memory for storing computer executable instructions, wherein the processor executes the instructions to implement the steps of the method for remotely sensing and monitoring a river ecological buffer zone based on the meshing technology in the first aspect.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method is based on the grid division technology, reasonably segments the buffer zone, and rapidly surveys the current situation and the historical situation of the river ecological buffer zone in a large area range based on the existing multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data. Compared with the traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grid cells are divided by a reasonable grid division technology, so that the automatic interpretation of the distribution of the ecological buffer zone is carried out, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone is rapidly monitored, and the technical support is provided for the river ecological environment management.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring method based on a grid division technology;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of grid cell partitioning;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring device based on the meshing technology.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1:
the embodiment of the invention provides a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring method based on a grid division technology, which comprises the following steps of:
s100: acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered area.
The multispectral remote sensing image data is preferably remote sensing imaging data of a river channel in a full water period, water system data of land utilization classification data and national basic geographic information data are consistent with time phases of the multispectral remote sensing image data, and the time phases are consistent, namely, the time difference is as short as possible, and the multispectral remote sensing image data can be data of recent years.
The ratio of water system data of the national basic geographic information data is 1:25 ten thousand, and the spatial resolution of the multispectral remote sensing image data is generally better than 2 meters.
S200: and generating two river water sidelines on two sides of the river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data.
The water system data of the national basic geographic information data comprises water system line vectors, and the boundaries of the rivers can be obtained from the multi-spectrum remote sensing image data, so that the water system data and the multi-spectrum remote sensing image data are combined to obtain 2 river water sidelines which are positioned on two sides of the rivers.
S300: and (3) respectively taking the two river water sidelines as references to make buffer zones with certain widths outwards, and obtaining two buffer zone outside sidelines at two sides of the river.
The width of the buffer zone is different according to the level of the river or the width of the river, the buffer zone is distributed on two sides of the river, the inner edge line of the buffer zone is a river water line, and the outer edge line of the buffer zone is a reference line for counting the buffer zone.
S400: and segmenting the outer edges of the buffer areas in an equal division mode, wherein the outer edges of the two buffer areas are divided into the same segment number.
S500: and the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the buffer area outer side lines divide the river buffer area into a plurality of grid units.
The present invention monitors a river buffer area based on a mesh division technique, and therefore, the river buffer area needs to be divided into individual meshes. In order to divide the mesh, the outer edges of the buffer areas are segmented, and then the segmented nodes with the same sequence number on the outer edges of the two buffer areas are connected, for example, the node 1 of the outer edge of the left buffer area is connected with the node 1 of the outer edge of the right buffer area, the node 2 of the outer edge of the left buffer area is connected with the node 2 of the outer edge of the right buffer area, and so on.
The connecting lines, the river sidelines and the buffer zone outside sidelines divide the river buffer zone into a plurality of grid units, as shown in fig. 2, two lines on the inner side are the river sidelines, two lines on the outer side are the buffer zone outside sidelines, a river buffer zone is arranged between the river sidelines and the buffer zone outside sidelines, and the transverse lines are the connecting lines. Two adjacent connecting lines are respectively intersected with the river water line on one side of the river and the outer line of the buffer area, and a polygon is formed by the four intersection points serving as vertexes and the two connecting lines, the river water line on one side of the river and the outer line of the buffer area, namely the grid unit of the buffer area on the side. Finally, forming a continuous, regular and discrete polygon mesh unit.
The invention divides the outer edge lines of the two buffer areas into the same number of segments uniformly, and connects the segmented nodes with the same number together, and the grid division mode can avoid the crossing of connecting lines. Because the lengths and the bending degrees of the outer side lines of the buffer zones on the two sides of the river are different, if the outer side lines of the buffer zones are segmented at fixed lengths, the fixed lengths of the outer side lines of the two buffer zones are the same, and then the connecting line crossing phenomenon can be generated. The invention does not use the segments with fixed length for the outer edges of the two buffer areas, but uses the segments with the same number of segments, thereby avoiding the crossing phenomenon of connecting lines.
S600: and judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, wherein if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and otherwise, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone.
In the step, the vector data (namely each grid unit) of the buffer zone segmentation unit and the land utilization classification data are subjected to space intersection analysis, each grid unit is subjected to rapid type judgment, and the distribution area of the ecological buffer zone is identified, specifically: for each grid unit, if the land utilization types of the corresponding areas are all one or more of ecological land types such as woodlands, grasslands, wetlands and the like, the grid unit is determined to be an ecological buffer zone, otherwise, the grid unit is determined to be a non-ecological buffer zone.
S700: and merging the adjacent grid units with the same type, namely combining the adjacent grid units with the same attribute into one to obtain the final river ecological buffer zone distribution area.
The method is based on the grid division technology, reasonably segments the buffer zone, and rapidly surveys the current situation and the historical situation of the river ecological buffer zone in a large area range based on the existing multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data. Compared with the traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grid cells are divided by a reasonable grid division technology, so that the automatic interpretation of the distribution of the ecological buffer zone is carried out, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone is rapidly monitored, and the technical support is provided for the river ecological environment management.
The invention obtains the river water sideline by the following method, and S200 comprises the following steps:
s210: and taking a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data as an initial river water line.
S220: and for the river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline as the river sideline of the river reach.
S230: and for the waterless river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach or still using the initial river water sideline as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach.
Firstly, taking a water system line vector as an initial river water side line, then obtaining a river water body coverage area through visual interpretation or an automatic identification technology based on multispectral remote sensing image data, distinguishing a water-containing river section and an anhydrous river section, and replacing the original initial river water side line with the extracted water body side line for the water-containing river section and for the anhydrous river section; the original initial river water line is still used, or the extracted center line of the river channel is used for replacing the original initial river water line, and the final river water line is obtained.
The invention also comprises a preprocessing process, after S100 and before S200, the preprocessing process comprises:
s110: and performing orthorectification on the multispectral remote sensing image data to enable the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data to be consistent with the spatial position of the land utilization classification data.
Orthorectification is a process of geometric distortion correction of an image that deals with significant geometric distortion caused by terrain, camera geometry, and sensor-related errors. The output orthorectified image will be an orthorectified planar real image. After the orthographic correction, the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data is consistent with the spatial position of the land utilization classification data.
S120: and performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
Since the water system data of the national basic geographic information data has a high proportion and is difficult to reflect some details, the geographic position of the water system data is corrected by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
The land use data and the water system data are spatially registered with the remote sensing image after the ortho-rectification through the spatial rectification.
In the present invention, S400 includes:
s410: and acquiring the spatial resolution of the land use classification data or the spatial resolution of the source data image of the land use classification data as a segmentation scale D.
S420: and acquiring the lengths Lz and Ly of buffer zones on two sides of the river.
In this step, the lengths Lz and Ly of the left and right bank buffers of the river can be measured and calculated in the ARCGIS software, or the lengths of the outer lines of the two buffers can be directly used as the lengths of the left and right bank buffers.
S430: the larger of Lz/D and Ly/D is taken as the number of segments N, where N is Max (Lz/D, Ly/D).
S440: and dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N sections in an equal division mode.
The method comprehensively considers the spatial resolution of land utilization data and the lengths of the buffer belt sidelines on the left bank and the right bank, determines the minimum segmentation unit and the number of segments, and equally segments the buffer belt sidelines according to the same number of segments.
As a modification of the present invention, S700 includes:
s710: and the type assignment of the grid unit is added into the buffer area outer edge segment corresponding to the grid unit.
In this step, according to the type of the grid unit, the assignment is performed for the buffer outer edge segment of the grid unit.
S720: and combining the adjacent buffer outer edge line segments with the same assignment type, namely combining the adjacent segments with the same attribute into one segment, and combining the type mesh units into a large area.
In summary, based on the mesh partitioning technique proposed by the present invention, the buffer zone can be partitioned into continuous, regular, discrete polygon mesh units; and rapidly judging the type of each buffer zone grid unit by the spatial analysis of the buffer zone and the land utilization classification data, and identifying the distribution area of the ecological buffer zone. The current situation of the river ecological buffer zone can be rapidly monitored, and technical support is provided for river ecological environment management.
Example 2:
the embodiment of the invention provides a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring device based on a grid division technology, as shown in figure 3, the device comprises:
the acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered region.
And a river water sideline generation module 20, configured to generate two river water sidelines on two sides of the river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data.
And the buffer zone outer side line generating module 30 is used for outwards making a buffer zone with a certain width by taking the two river water side lines as references respectively to obtain two buffer zone outer side lines on two sides of the river.
And the segmenting module 40 is used for segmenting the buffer zone outer boundary lines in an equal dividing mode, and the two buffer zone outer boundary lines are divided into the same segment number.
And the mesh dividing module 50 is used for connecting the segmented nodes with the same sequence number on the outer lines of the two buffer areas through connecting lines, and the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the outer lines of the buffer areas divide the river buffer areas into a plurality of mesh units.
And the type judgment module 60 is used for judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and otherwise, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone.
And an ecological buffer zone distribution area confirmation module 70, configured to merge adjacent grid units of the same type to obtain a final river ecological buffer zone distribution area.
The method is based on the grid division technology, reasonably segments the buffer zone, and rapidly surveys the current situation and the historical situation of the river ecological buffer zone in a large area range based on the existing multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data. Compared with the traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grid cells are divided by a reasonable grid division technology, so that the automatic interpretation of the distribution of the ecological buffer zone is carried out, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone is rapidly monitored, and the technical support is provided for the river ecological environment management.
The river water sideline generation module of the invention comprises:
and an initial river water side line determining unit for taking the water side line vector of the water system data of the country-based geographic information data as the initial river water side line.
And the water river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data for the water river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline as the water river sideline of the water river reach.
And the anhydrous river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data of the anhydrous river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach or still using the initial river water side line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach.
The invention also includes a pre-treatment process, when the apparatus comprises:
and the ortho-rectification module is used for carrying out ortho-rectification on the multispectral remote sensing image data so that the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data is consistent with the spatial position of the land utilization classification data.
And the geographic position correction module is used for performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
Wherein the segmentation module comprises:
and the segmentation scale determining unit is used for acquiring the spatial resolution of the land use classification data or the spatial resolution of the source data image of the land use classification data as the segmentation scale D.
And a buffer zone length acquiring unit for acquiring the lengths Lz and Ly of the buffer zones on both sides of the river.
And a segment number determination unit for taking the larger value of Lz/D and Ly/D as the segment number N.
And the segmentation unit is used for dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N segments in an equal division manner.
Ecological buffer zone distribution area confirms the module and includes:
and the assignment unit is used for assigning the type assignment of the grid unit to the buffer area outer edge segment corresponding to the grid unit.
And the merging unit is used for sectionally merging the adjacent buffer outer edges with the same assignment type.
The device provided by the embodiment of the present invention has the same implementation principle and technical effect as the method embodiment, and for the sake of brief description, reference may be made to the corresponding content in the method embodiment 1 without reference to the device embodiment. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the apparatus and the unit described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
Example 3:
the method provided by the embodiment of the present specification can implement the service logic through a computer program and record the service logic on a storage medium, and the storage medium can be read and executed by a computer, so as to implement the effect of the solution described in embodiment 1 of the present specification. Accordingly, the present invention also provides a computer readable storage medium for remote sensing monitoring of river ecological buffer zone, comprising a memory for storing processor executable instructions, which when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the remote sensing monitoring method of river ecological buffer zone based on meshing technology comprising embodiment 1.
The method is based on the grid division technology, reasonably segments the buffer zone, and rapidly surveys the current situation and the historical situation of the river ecological buffer zone in a large area range based on the existing multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data. Compared with the traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grid cells are divided by a reasonable grid division technology, so that the automatic interpretation of the distribution of the ecological buffer zone is carried out, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone is rapidly monitored, and the technical support is provided for the river ecological environment management.
The storage medium may include a physical device for storing information, and typically, the information is digitized and then stored using an electrical, magnetic, or optical media. The storage medium may include: devices that store information using electrical energy, such as various types of memory, e.g., RAM, ROM, etc.; devices that store information using magnetic energy, such as hard disks, floppy disks, tapes, core memories, bubble memories, and usb disks; devices that store information optically, such as CDs or DVDs. Of course, there are other ways of storing media that can be read, such as quantum memory, graphene memory, and so forth.
The above description of the storage medium according to the method embodiment may also include other implementations. The specific implementation manner may refer to the description of the related method embodiment 1, and is not described in detail here.
Example 4:
the invention also provides equipment for remotely monitoring the river ecological buffer zone, which can be a single computer, and can also comprise an actual operation device and the like using one or more methods or devices of one or more embodiments in the specification. The device for remotely monitoring the river ecological buffer zone can comprise at least one processor and a memory for storing computer executable instructions, and the processor executes the instructions to realize the steps of the method for remotely monitoring the river ecological buffer zone based on the meshing technology in any one or more of the embodiments 1.
The method is based on the grid division technology, reasonably segments the buffer zone, and rapidly surveys the current situation and the historical situation of the river ecological buffer zone in a large area range based on the existing multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data. Compared with the traditional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the grid cells are divided by a reasonable grid division technology, so that the automatic interpretation of the distribution of the ecological buffer zone is carried out, the working efficiency is greatly improved, the current situation of the river ecological buffer zone is rapidly monitored, and the technical support is provided for the river ecological environment management.
The above description of the device according to the method or apparatus embodiment may also include other implementation manners, and a specific implementation manner may refer to the description of related method embodiment 1, which is not described in detail herein.
It should be noted that, the above-mentioned apparatus or system in this specification may also include other implementation manners according to the description of the related method embodiment, and a specific implementation manner may refer to the description of the method embodiment, which is not described herein in detail. The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the hardware + program class, storage medium + program embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and for the relevant points, refer to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The foregoing description has been directed to specific embodiments of this disclosure. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims may be performed in a different order than in the embodiments and still achieve desirable results. In addition, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures are not necessarily required to be in the particular order shown or in sequential order to achieve desirable results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing may also be possible or may be advantageous.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a vehicle-mounted human-computer interaction device, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smart phone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various modules by functions, and are described separately. Of course, when implementing one or more of the present description, the functions of each module may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware, or a module implementing the same function may be implemented by a combination of multiple sub-modules or sub-units, etc. The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.
Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may therefore be considered as a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method or apparatus that comprises the element.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, one or more embodiments of the present description may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, one or more embodiments of the present description may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
One or more embodiments of the present description may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. One or more embodiments of the specification may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment. In the description of the specification, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the specification. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention in its spirit and scope. Are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A remote sensing monitoring method for a river ecological buffer zone based on a meshing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100: acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered area;
s200: generating two river water sidelines at two sides of a river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data;
s300: respectively taking the two river water sidelines as a reference to outwards make buffer zones with certain widths, and obtaining two buffer zone outside sidelines at two sides of a river;
s400: segmenting the outer side lines of the buffer areas in an equal segmentation mode, wherein the outer side lines of the two buffer areas are divided into the same segment number;
s500: connecting the segmented nodes with the same sequence number on the outer lines of the two buffer areas through connecting lines, wherein the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the outer lines of the buffer areas divide the river buffer areas into a plurality of grid units;
s600: judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and if not, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone;
s700: merging adjacent grid units with the same type to obtain a final river ecological buffer zone distribution area;
the S400 includes:
s410: acquiring the spatial resolution of the land use classification data or the spatial resolution of a source data image of the land use classification data as a segmentation scale D;
s420: obtaining the lengths Lz and Ly of buffer zones on two sides of a river;
s430: taking the larger value of Lz/D and Ly/D as a segment number N;
s440: and dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N sections in an equal division mode.
2. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the river ecological buffer zone based on the meshing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S200 comprises the steps of:
s210: taking a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data as an initial river water line;
s220: for a river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline with the river sideline to be used as the river sideline of the river reach;
s230: and for the waterless river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach or still using the initial river water sideline as the river water sideline of the waterless river reach.
3. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the ecological buffer zone of the river based on the meshing technology as claimed in claim 2, wherein after S100 and before S200, the method further comprises:
s110: performing orthorectification on the multispectral remote sensing image data to enable the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data to be consistent with the spatial position of the land utilization classification data;
s120: and performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
4. The method for remotely sensing and monitoring the ecological buffer zone of the river based on the meshing technology as claimed in claim 3, wherein the S700 comprises:
s710: calculating the type assignment of the grid unit into the buffer area outer line segment corresponding to the grid unit;
s720: and combining the adjacent buffer outer edge segments with the same assignment type.
5. The utility model provides a river ecological buffer zone remote sensing monitoring devices based on meshing technique which characterized in that, the device includes:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring multispectral remote sensing image data, land utilization classification data and water system data of national basic geographic information data of a river-covered region;
the river water sideline generation module is used for generating two river water sidelines at two sides of a river according to the multispectral remote sensing image data and the water system data of the national basic geographic information data;
the buffer zone outer side line generating module is used for outwards making a buffer zone with a certain width by taking the two river water side lines as references respectively to obtain two buffer zone outer side lines on two sides of a river;
the segmentation module is used for segmenting the outer boundary lines of the buffer areas in an equal segmentation mode, and the outer boundary lines of the two buffer areas are divided into the same segment number;
the mesh division module is used for connecting the segmentation nodes with the same sequence number on the outer lines of the two buffer areas through connecting lines, and the connecting lines, the river water side lines and the outer lines of the buffer areas divide the river buffer areas into a plurality of mesh units;
the type judging module is used for judging the land utilization type of each grid unit according to the land utilization classification data, if the land utilization types of the grid units are all ecological land types, the type of the grid unit is an ecological buffer zone, and if not, the type of the grid unit is a non-ecological buffer zone;
the ecological buffer zone distribution area confirmation module is used for merging adjacent grid units with the same type to obtain a final river ecological buffer zone distribution area;
the segmentation module comprises:
the system comprises a segmentation scale determining unit, a segmentation scale determining unit and a classification scale calculating unit, wherein the segmentation scale determining unit is used for acquiring the spatial resolution of land utilization classification data or the spatial resolution of a source data image of the land utilization classification data as a segmentation scale D;
a buffer zone length obtaining unit for obtaining the lengths Lz and Ly of buffer zones at both sides of the river;
a segment number determination unit for taking a larger value of Lz/D and Ly/D as a segment number N;
and the segmentation unit is used for dividing the outer edges of the two buffers into N segments in an equal division manner.
6. The device for remotely sensing and monitoring the ecological buffer zone of the river based on the meshing technology as claimed in claim 5, wherein the river water line generating module comprises:
an initial river water side line determination unit for taking a water side line vector of water system data of the country-based geographic information data as an initial river water side line;
the water river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a water sideline from the multispectral remote sensing image data for the water river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted water sideline as the river sideline of the water river reach;
and the anhydrous river reach replacing unit is used for extracting a river center line from the multispectral remote sensing image data of the anhydrous river reach in the multispectral remote sensing image data, and replacing the extracted river center line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach or still using the initial river water side line as a river water side line of the anhydrous river reach.
7. The device for remotely sensing and monitoring the ecological buffer zone of the river based on the meshing technology as claimed in claim 6, wherein the device comprises:
the system comprises an orthorectification module, a land use classification data acquisition module and a data processing module, wherein the orthorectification module is used for orthorectifying multispectral remote sensing image data to enable the spatial position of the multispectral remote sensing image data to be consistent with the spatial position of the land use classification data;
and the geographic position correction module is used for performing geographic position correction on a water system line vector of water system data of the national basic geographic information data by using the multispectral remote sensing image data.
8. The remote sensing monitoring device for river ecological buffer zone based on meshing technology as claimed in claim 7, wherein the ecological buffer zone distribution area confirmation module comprises:
the assignment unit is used for assigning the type assignment of the grid unit to the buffer area outer edge segment corresponding to the grid unit;
and the merging unit is used for sectionally merging the adjacent buffer outer edges with the same assignment type.
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| CN111914733B (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2023-02-07 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Remote sensing monitoring method for river ice coverage, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112816663B (en) * | 2021-02-02 | 2023-01-10 | 陆相荣 | Method and device for monitoring soil water content of yellow river dam in flood control project |
| CN113157820B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2023-07-21 | 生态环境部卫星环境应用中心 | Automatic segmentation and classification method and device for buffer zone suitable for serpentine river |
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