CN104987162B - Granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104987162B CN104987162B CN201410815738.3A CN201410815738A CN104987162B CN 104987162 B CN104987162 B CN 104987162B CN 201410815738 A CN201410815738 A CN 201410815738A CN 104987162 B CN104987162 B CN 104987162B
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Abstract
In a kind of granulated fertilizer of the invention, using pulullan polysaccharide as raw materials for production, since pulullan polysaccharide has good water solubility, the dissolution rate that granulated fertilizer fertilizer component is made of pulullan polysaccharide is adjusted, fertilizer slowly dissolution, not easily runs off, and saves labour used in fertilising.Due to the addition of inorganic filler, air and the pipeline of water supplement are unimpeded in the hole after fertilizer dissolution, improve the physicochemical property of soil, better growing conditions is provided for crop.Experiment shows that application of granular pattern microbial manure of the present invention can significantly improve highland barley bud ratio, plant height and yield.The preparation method step of the granulated fertilizer of the present invention is simple, workable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of microbial manure, it is specifically a kind of by pulullan polysaccharide as primary raw material
Granulated fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
It is the age of a conservation culture now, pursues the theme that harmony between man and nature development is current social development.
China region is wide, populous, is faced with per capita area of cultivated farmland present situation on the low side, it is therefore desirable to improve yield.And administrationization
Fertilizer is a kind of common Yield Increase Way.But the chronic administration of chemical fertilizer causes soil hardening, edaphon type and quantity to subtract
Less, the problems such as destroying soil ecosystem, influencing quality of agricultural product and pollute environment.The development and application pair of microbial manure
There is especially important meaning in the sustainable development of Chinese agriculture.
Microbial manure has its advantages for development as a kind of emerging fertilizer.Chemical fertilizer can be reduced using microbial manure
The administration of material, improves soil, increases soil fertility, improve the quality of agricultural product.And microbial manure have it is long-acting, nontoxic,
Pollution-free, the shortcomings that economizing on resources, the features such as cost is low, chemical fertilizer can be made up and deficiency.
And pulullan polysaccharide is a kind of water solubility cement polysaccharide extracellular as caused by fermenting Aureobasidium pullulans, its film forming
Compared with it is strong, solubility is larger and nontoxic.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of by granulated fertilizer of the pulullan polysaccharide as primary raw material
And preparation method thereof..
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that to solve technical problem present in known technology：
The granulated fertilizer of the present invention, including following components：Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and water；
Weight ratio between microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water each component is 60-70: 10-25:
10-15∶5；
Wherein microbial manure includes microbial fermentation bacterium powder and composite nutrient, the component of microbial fermentation bacterium powder again
It is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid bacillus cereus, azotobacter chroococcum with 1: 1: 1: 1
: 1 mass ratio mixing, composite nutrient include n-p-k element, trace element, organic matter and compound amino acid；
The nitrogen is at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride；
The P elements are at least one of monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
The potassium element is at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium nitrate；
The trace element suite becomes calcium, magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, copper, iron, silicon, boron, is added in the form of its soluble compound
Add；
The organic matter is humic acid or soluble protein or the mixture of the two；
The compound amino acid forms：Alanine Ala, arginine Arg, aspartic acid Asp, cystine Cys, paddy ammonia
Sour Glu, glycine Gly, histidine, lysine Lys, methionine Met, phenylalanine Phe, proline Pro, serine
Ser, threonine Thr, tryptophan Trp, tyrosine Tyr and valine Val；
The molecular weight of the pulullan polysaccharide is 200kDa；
The inorganic filler is at least one in quick lime, calcium sulfate, diatomite, activated carbon and di-iron trioxide
Kind.
The preparation method of the granulated fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) actication of culture：
By the bacterium bacillus megaterium of 4 DEG C of inclined-planes preservations, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid gemma
Bacillus, azotobacter chroococcum activation, it is lined on corresponding solid medium respectively, at 37 DEG C, cultivates 24h；
(2) prepared by seed liquor
The bacterium colony of picking activation, is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium respectively, 37 DEG C, 200rpm cultures 20h；
The seed culture medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis (g/L)：Peptone 10, dusty yeast 5, NaCl
10, pH 7.4,121 DEG C, 20min sterilizings；
Colloid bacillus cereus (g/L)：Sucrose 10, K2HPO4·3H2O 5, dusty yeast 0.5, FeCl3·6H2O 0.02,
CaCO30.4, MgSO4·7H20.2, pH7.0,121 DEG C of O, 20min sterilize；
Azotobacter chroococcum (g/L)：Glucose 20, K2HPO4·3H2O 0.8, KH2PO40.2, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2,
CaCO30.5, FeCl3·6H2O 0.125, Na2MoO4·2H2O 0.25, NH4NO30.5, pH 7.2,121 DEG C, 20min goes out
Bacterium.
(3) fermentation medium
The seed liquor fermented is seeded to fermentation medium with 10% inoculum concentration, 37 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, ventilating ratio 1:
It is liquid bacterial fertilizer to collect zymotic fluid after 1, the 20h that ferments；
The fermentation medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis：By percentage to the quality, 1% glucose,
0.6%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.3%KH2PO4, 0.15% urea, 0.1% dusty yeast, 0.41%MgSO4·7H2O, remaining is
Water, pH 7.0.
Colloid bacillus cereus：By percentage to the quality, 1% sucrose, 0.5%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.05% dusty yeast,
0.002%FeCl3·6H2O, 0.04%CaCO3, 0.02%MgSO4·7H2O, remaining is water, pH7.0
Azotobacter chroococcum：By percentage to the quality, 2% glucose, 0.08%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.02%KH2PO4,
0.02%MgSO4·7H2O, 0.05%CaCO3, 0.0125%FeCl3·6H2O, 0.025%Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.05%
NH4NO30.5, pH 7.2.
(4) diatomite is fixed
The diatomite of mass ratio 10% is added in the zymotic fluid that step (3) is collected to fix thalline and promote thalline to stop
Sleep；
(5) making of bacterium powder
Take zymotic fluid to centrifuge, collect thalline, then freeze-drying is made；
(6) composite nutrient is added
Add and mixed in proportion in advance after five kinds of bacterium powders of above-mentioned steps (5) are mixed with 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 mass ratio
Even composite nutrient, is microbial manure；
(7) it is granulated
Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and water are mixed into comminutor according to certain weight ratio, are made
The granular fertilizer of 2-50mm, it is last filling.
The present invention has the advantages and positive effects of：
In the granulated fertilizer of the present invention, using pulullan polysaccharide as raw materials for production, since pulullan polysaccharide has well
Water solubility, the dissolution rate that granulated fertilizer fertilizer component is made of pulullan polysaccharide adjusted, and fertilizer slowly dissolution, is not easy
It is lost in, saves labour used in fertilising.Due to the addition of inorganic filler, air and water supplement in the hole after fertilizer dissolution
Pipeline is unimpeded, improves the physicochemical property of soil, and better growing conditions is provided for crop.Experiment shows, application of the present invention
The granular pattern microbial manure can significantly improve highland barley bud ratio, plant height and yield.
Embodiment
The granulated fertilizer of the present invention, including following components：Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and water；
Weight ratio between microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water each component is 60-70: 10-25:
10-15∶5；
Wherein microbial manure includes microbial fermentation bacterium powder and composite nutrient, the component of microbial fermentation bacterium powder again
It is bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid bacillus cereus, azotobacter chroococcum with 1: 1: 1: 1
: 1 mass ratio mixing, composite nutrient include n-p-k element, trace element, organic matter and compound amino acid；
The nitrogen is at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride；
The P elements are at least one of monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
The potassium element is at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium nitrate；
The trace element suite becomes calcium, magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, copper, iron, silicon, boron, is added in the form of its soluble compound
Add；
The organic matter is humic acid or soluble protein or the mixture of the two；
The compound amino acid forms：Alanine Ala, arginine Arg, aspartic acid Asp, cystine Cys, paddy ammonia
Sour Glu, glycine Gly, histidine, lysine Lys, methionine Met, phenylalanine Phe, proline Pro, serine
Ser, threonine Thr, tryptophan Trp, tyrosine Tyr and valine Val；
The molecular weight of the pulullan polysaccharide is 200kDa；
The inorganic filler is at least one in quick lime, calcium sulfate, diatomite, activated carbon and di-iron trioxide
Kind.
The preparation method of the granulated fertilizer of the present invention, comprises the following steps：
(1) actication of culture：
By the bacterium bacillus megaterium of 4 DEG C of inclined-planes preservations, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid gemma
Bacillus, azotobacter chroococcum activation, it is lined on corresponding solid medium respectively, at 37 DEG C, cultivates 24h；
(2) prepared by seed liquor
The bacterium colony of picking activation, is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium respectively, 37 DEG C, 200rpm cultures 20h；
The seed culture medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis (g/L)：Peptone 10, dusty yeast 5, NaCl
10, pH 7.4,121 DEG C, 20min sterilizings；
Colloid bacillus cereus (g/L)：Sucrose 10, K2HPO4·3H2O 5, dusty yeast 0.5, FeCl3·6H2O 0.02,
CaCO30.4, MgSO4·7H20.2, pH7.0,121 DEG C of O, 20min sterilize；
Azotobacter chroococcum (g/L)：Glucose 20, K2HPO4·3H2O 0.8, KH2PO40.2, MgSO4·7H2O 0.2,
CaCO30.5, FeCl3·6H2O 0.125, Na2MoO4·2H2O 0.25, NH4NO30.5, pH 7.2,121 DEG C, 20min goes out
Bacterium.
(3) fermentation medium
The seed liquor fermented is seeded to fermentation medium with 10% inoculum concentration, 37 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, ventilating ratio 1:
It is liquid bacterial fertilizer to collect zymotic fluid after 1, the 20h that ferments；
The fermentation medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis：By percentage to the quality, 1% glucose,
0.6%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.3%KH2PO4, 0.15% urea, 0.1% dusty yeast, 0.41%MgSO4·7H2O, remaining is
Water, pH 7.0.
Colloid bacillus cereus：By percentage to the quality, 1% sucrose, 0.5%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.05% dusty yeast,
0.002%FeCl3·6H2O, 0.04%CaCO3, 0.02%MgSO4·7H2O, remaining is water, pH7.0
Azotobacter chroococcum：By percentage to the quality, 2% glucose, 0.08%K2HPO4·3H2O, 0.02%KH2PO4,
0.02%MgSO4·7H2O, 0.05%CaCO3, 0.0125%FeCl3·6H2O, 0.025%Na2MoO4·2H2O, 0.05%
NH4NO30.5, pH 7.2.
(4) diatomite is fixed
The diatomite of mass ratio 10% is added in the zymotic fluid that step (3) is collected to fix thalline and promote thalline to stop
Sleep；
(5) making of bacterium powder
Take zymotic fluid to centrifuge, collect thalline, then freeze-drying is made；
(6) composite nutrient is added
Add and mixed in proportion in advance after five kinds of bacterium powders of above-mentioned steps (5) are mixed with 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 mass ratio
Even composite nutrient, is microbial manure；
(7) it is granulated
Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and water are mixed into comminutor according to certain weight ratio, are made
The granular fertilizer of 2-50mm, it is last filling.
The present invention is described in detail by the following examples.
By bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid bacillus cereus, azotobacter chroococcum
Seed liquor be respectively connected in respective fermentation medium, 37 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, ventilating ratio 1: 1, ferment 20h after collect fermentation
Liquid, adds diatomite to fix, and bacterium powder mixed in equal amounts is made in five kinds of bacterium solution centrifugations, freeze-drying；
The parts by weight of composite nutrient each component are：8 parts of urea, 4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, chelates calcium 15
Part, 7.5 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7.5 parts of chelated magnesium, 3 parts of sodium metasilicate, 4 parts of zinc sulfate, 4 parts of chelated zinc, 2 parts of manganese sulfate, 2 parts of Chelated Manganese,
8 parts of boric acid, 8 parts of chelated iron, 4 parts of chelated copper, 0.5 part of humic acid, 5 parts of soy peptone, 3 parts of compound amino acid, wheat grass meal 5
Part；
The parts by weight of the amino acid each component are：5 parts of alanine, 10 parts of arginine, 5 parts of aspartic acid, cystine 3
Part, 2 parts of glutamic acid, 2 parts of glycine, 3 parts of histidine, 10 parts of lysine, 3 parts of methionine, 5 parts of phenylalanine, 2 parts of proline,
10 parts of 1 part of serine, 10 parts of threonine, 5 parts of tryptophan, 15 parts of tyrosine and valine；
Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water carry out being granulated up to the particle after mixing with weight ratio
Fertilizer.
Embodiment 1
Made after microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water are mixed with 70: 10: 15: 5 weight ratio
Grain both the granulated fertilizer A.
The granulated fertilizer is directly squeezed into highland barley deep subsoil (Nei Genquan lower floors), results of regular determination bud ratio, plant height, contain
The dissolution rate of nitrogen in water, temperature and soil.
Embodiment 2
Made after microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water are mixed with 65: 15: 15: 5 weight ratio
Grain both the granulated fertilizer B.
The granulated fertilizer is directly squeezed into highland barley deep subsoil (Nei Genquan lower floors), results of regular determination bud ratio, plant height, contain
The dissolution rate of nitrogen in water, temperature and soil.
Embodiment 3
Made after microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water are mixed with 60: 25: 10: 5 weight ratio
Grain both the granulated fertilizer C.
The granulated fertilizer is directly squeezed into highland barley deep subsoil (Nei Genquan lower floors), results of regular determination bud ratio, plant height, contain
The dissolution rate of nitrogen in water, temperature and soil.
Embodiment 4
Made after microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water are mixed with 69: 15: 11: 5 weight ratio
Grain both the granulated fertilizer D.
The granulated fertilizer is directly squeezed into highland barley deep subsoil (Nei Genquan lower floors), results of regular determination bud ratio, plant height, contain
The dissolution rate of nitrogen in water, temperature and soil.
Application effect
In conclusion highland barley is in bud ratio, plant height, water content, temperature and nitrogen leaching rate side after particulate application fertilizer
Face all increases than blank (directly applying microbial manure), illustrates that the fertilizer is more lasting than the fertilizer efficiency of liquid fertilizer.
The above described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, not make limitation in any form to the present invention, though
So the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, however, the present invention is not limited to, it is any to be familiar with this professional technology people
Member, without departing from the scope of the present invention, can utilize the technology contents disclosed to make a little change or modification certainly, into
For the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, the technical spirit according to the present invention
Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to above example, belongs in the range of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of granulated fertilizer, it is characterised in that including following components：Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and
Water；
Weight ratio between microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler, water each component is 60-70: 10-25: 10-15:
5；
Wherein microbial manure includes microbial fermentation bacterium powder and composite nutrient again, and the component of microbial fermentation bacterium powder is huge
Bacterium anthracoides, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid bacillus cereus, azotobacter chroococcum are with 1: 1: 1: 1: 1
Mass ratio mixes, and composite nutrient includes n-p-k element, trace element, organic matter and compound amino acid；
The nitrogen is at least one of urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride；
The P elements are at least one of monoammonium phosphate, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), calcium superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate；
The potassium element is at least one of potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, potassium carbonate, potassium nitrate；
The trace element suite becomes calcium, magnesium, zinc, molybdenum, copper, iron, silicon, boron, is added in the form of its soluble compound；
The organic matter is humic acid or soluble protein or the mixture of the two；
The compound amino acid forms：Alanine Ala, arginine Arg, aspartic acid Asp, cystine Cys, glutamic acid
Glu, glycine Gly, histidine, lysine Lys, methionine Met, phenylalanine Phe, proline Pro, serine Ser,
Threonine Thr, tryptophan Trp, tyrosine Tyr and valine Val；
The molecular weight of the pulullan polysaccharide is 200kDa；
The inorganic filler is at least one of quick lime, calcium sulfate, diatomite, activated carbon and di-iron trioxide；
The preparation method of the granulated fertilizer, comprises the following steps：
(1) actication of culture：
Bacterium bacillus megaterium that 4 DEG C of inclined-planes are preserved, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis, colloid bacillus cereus,
Azotobacter chroococcum activates, it is lined on corresponding solid medium respectively, at 37 DEG C, cultivates 24h；
(2) prepared by seed liquor
The bacterium colony of picking activation, is inoculated in respective fluid nutrient medium respectively, 37 DEG C, 200rpm cultures 20h；
The seed culture medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis (g/L)：Peptone 10, dusty yeast 5, NaCl 10,
7.4,121 DEG C of pH, 20min sterilize；
Colloid bacillus cereus (g/L)：Sucrose 10, K2HPO43H2O 5, dusty yeast 0.5, FeCl36H2O 0.02, CaCO3
0.4, MgSO47H2O 0.2, pH7.0,121 DEG C, 20min sterilizings；
Azotobacter chroococcum (g/L)：Glucose 20, K2HPO43H2O 0.8, KH2PO4 0.2, MgSO47H2O 0.2,
7.2,121 DEG C of CaCO4 0.5, FeCl36H2O 0.125, Na2MoO42H2O 0.25, NH4NO3 0.5, pH, 20min
Sterilizing.
(3) fermentation medium
The seed liquor fermented is seeded to fermentation medium with 10% inoculum concentration, 37 DEG C, rotating speed 300rpm, ventilating ratio 1: 1, sends out
It is liquid bacterial fertilizer that zymotic fluid is collected after ferment 20h；
The fermentation medium forms：
Bacillus megaterium, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus thuringiensis：By percentage to the quality, 1% glucose, 0.6%
K2HPO43H2O, 0.3%KH2PO4,0.15% urea, 0.1% dusty yeast, 0.41%MgSO47H2O, remaining is water, pH
7.0。
Colloid bacillus cereus：By percentage to the quality, 1% sucrose, 0.5%K2HPO43H2O, 0.05% dusty yeast,
0.002%FeCl36H2O, 0.04%CaCO3,0.02%MgSO47H2O, remaining is water, pH7.0
Azotobacter chroococcum：By percentage to the quality, 2% glucose, 0.08%K2HPO43H2O, 0.02%KH2PO4,
0.02%MgSO47H2O, 0.05%CaCO3,0.0125%FeCl36H2O, 0.025%Na2MoO42H2O, 0.05%
NH4NO3 0.5, pH 7.2.
(4) diatomite is fixed
The diatomite of mass ratio 10% is added in the zymotic fluid that step (3) is collected to fix thalline and promote thalline dormancy；
(5) making of bacterium powder
Take zymotic fluid to centrifuge, collect thalline, then freeze-drying is made；
(6) composite nutrient is added
Add what is mixed in proportion in advance after five kinds of bacterium powders of above-mentioned steps (5) are mixed with 1: 1: 1: 1: 1 mass ratio
Composite nutrient, is microbial manure；
(7) it is granulated
Microbial manure, pulullan polysaccharide, inorganic filler and water are mixed into comminutor according to certain weight ratio, 2- is made
The granular fertilizer of 50mm, is finally packed.
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| CN106748327A (en) * | 2017-03-06 | 2017-05-31 | 宿州瑞泰农业发展有限公司 | A kind of vegetable cultivation fertilizer suitable for acidified soil |
| CN107311716A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-11-03 | 江西润垚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of paddy growth special bio bacterial manure |
| CN107188756A (en) * | 2017-06-12 | 2017-09-22 | 江西润垚生物科技有限公司 | A kind of vegetable or flower grows special bio bacterial manure |
| CN107652134A (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2018-02-02 | 宁夏天瑞产业集团现代农业有限公司 | A kind of sustained-controll-release fertiliser coating agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN108934728A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2018-12-07 | 泉州永春新绿芦柑专业合作社 | A kind of ponkan plantation fertilizer and its ponkan implantation methods |
| CN108794225A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2018-11-13 | 周口万德生物有机肥有限公司 | A kind of dedicated compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of fruits and vegetables |
| CN109627091A (en) * | 2019-01-10 | 2019-04-16 | 盐源地金源农业服务有限公司 | A kind of plant health fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN109777441A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-21 | 齐鲁工业大学 | A kind of alkaline soil improver and application |
| CN109734502A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-10 | 何建清 | A kind of preparation method and application of black highland barley Special compound microbial fertilizer |
| US20230219864A1 (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2023-07-13 | Fertinagro Biotech, S.L. | Method for the industrial manufacture of granulated fertilizers |
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