CN104982393A - Fish catching device for direct and rapid river health biological indication method - Google Patents
Fish catching device for direct and rapid river health biological indication method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 346
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009182 swimming Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000003862 health status Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000090 biomarker Substances 0.000 description 15
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 10
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000191442 Tenualosa reevesii Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000019771 cognition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013139 quantization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000025508 response to water Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K69/00—Stationary catching devices
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Mechanical Means For Catching Fish (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a fish catching device for a direct and rapid river health biological indication method. The fish catching device comprises a fish frame, a pull rope, an elastic clip piece, a fish frame cover, a motor and a pressure sensor; the inner bottom of the fish frame is connected with one end of the pull rope; one end of the pull rope is connected with the fish frame and the other end of the pull rope is connected with the motor; the motor is used for controlling the hoisting of the fish frame through the pull rope; the elastic clip piece is arranged on the pull rope and is used for fixing the fish frame cover; a fish frame cover central hole is formed in the center of the fish frame cover, and the elastic clip piece penetrates through the fish frame cover central hole to fix the fish frame cover, so as to prevent fishes from escaping; and the pressure sensor is arranged on the pull rope and is used for controlling the running of the motor. The fish frame type design provided by the present invention is different from a fish hook in traditional fish catching; fishes are certainly injured when being caught by a fish net; and the fish catching device provided by the invention does not injure the fishes in a fish catching process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fishing device, particularly relate to a kind of for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.
Background technology
Rivers health status comprehensive descision is element task river being carried out to the original Ecosystem Service of restoration of the ecosystem and river.But at present; the rivers health status evaluation index that China adopts also is only limitted to the physical and chemical index such as dissolved oxygen (DO), chemical oxygen demand (COD); have ignored the important component part-hydrobiological health status of urban river ecosystem health; rivers health status and pressure cannot be judged by overall scientific; to cause river ecosystem restoration and containment objective indefinite, the relation between water thing amount chemical index and aquatic ecosystem health cannot be reflected.Simultaneously; physical and chemical index cannot intuitively express this rivers health status to the public without professional knowledge; the ocular connection of the public not between the change of the index such as easy understand DO, COD with aquatile health, thus affect the enthusiasm of river two sides community public participation stream protection.But traditional aquatile investigation, relates to multiple hydrobiological sampling and the qualifications such as fish, zoobenthos, algae, water plants, not only waste time and energy, and cost is huge, so in practical situations both, researcher is difficult to carry out complete investigation to the aquatile in studied river.Therefore, usually needing to screen some can better indicate the Biological indicators of rivers health status to investigate.But there is no unified approach to the screening of aquatile index both at home and abroad, the acquisition workload of some indexs is large, and intuitively cannot reflect rivers health status, is unfavorable for that the public understands rivers health status by this index.Therefore, the health status in river is judged by a kind of river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.
Need in the method to study the quantity of fish in river and kind, and the fishing device of prior art can cause certain injury to fish in the course of the work, causes the death of fish, is not therefore suitable in the method.
Therefore the invention provides and a kind ofly solve the problems referred to above for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, in order to overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is, a kind of for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, comprises a fish frame, a stay cord, a flexible clamp piece, a fish frame lid, a motor and a pressure sensor;
Described fish frame, its inner bottom part is connected with described stay cord one end;
Described stay cord, its one end is connected with described fish frame, and the other end is connected with described motor, and described motor controls the described flexible clamp piece of lifting of described fish frame by described stay cord, and it is arranged on described stay cord, in order to fixing described fish frame lid;
Described fish frame lid, its center is provided with a fish frame lid centre bore, and described fish frame lid is fixed through described fish frame lid centre bore by described flexible clamp piece, prevents fish from escaping from;
Described pressure sensor, it is arranged on described stay cord, controls the operation of described motor, and the distance of described pressure sensor and described fish frame lid vertical direction is h, and its computing formula is:
Wherein, s is the length of described fish frame lid bucket wall, and r is the radius at the bottom of described fish frame lid bucket, V
lfor the speed that described fish frame moves upward, x is the distance of described fish frame lid bucket wall lower end to described fish frame vertical direction, V
yfor the prestissimo of fish swimming, g is acceleration of gravity, and ρ is the density of material of described fish frame lid, and V is the displacement of volume that described fish frame lid enters in water, and m is the quality of described fish frame lid.
Preferably, described fish frame lid outer wrap has the fish framework of a tubulose, described fish framework one end is connected with an elastic hose, the other end is provided with multiple fish framework aperture, described pressure sensor passes wherein fish framework aperture described in and is fixed on described fish framework, and described stay cord can move in described fish framework.
Preferably, it is outside that described elastic hose is wrapped in described stay cord, and described elastic hose one end is connected with described fish frame inner bottom part, and the other end is connected with described fish framework.
Preferably, described flexible clamp piece is claw type, and the part-structure of described flexible clamp piece stretches out from described fish framework aperture, is fixed described fish frame lid.
Preferably, described motor is provided with a runner, is connected by described runner with described stay cord, described motor rotates by controlling described runner the length controlling described stay cord straight portion.
Preferably, described fish frame is the barrel-like structure of opening upwards, and described fish frame is provided with several aperture, reduces the resistance of described fish frame when underwater exercise.
Preferably, described fish frame lid is the barrel-like structure that Open Side Down, and its opening diameter is greater than described fish frame bucket footpath.
Preferably, described pressure sensor outer wrap has bait, to attract fish.
Preferably, described fish frame covers and is provided with multiple aperture, to reduce it at hydrogymnastic resistance.
Preferably, described fish frame cover material density is greater than the density of water, and described fish frame covers not sinking in water by during External Force Acting, closed to accelerate described fish frame lid and described fish frame.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is compared with the prior art: the design of fish frame of the present invention, difference and fish hook, fishing net in traditional fishing, and traditional fishing can cause certain damage to fish, and the present invention can not produce injury to fish in fishing operations; Peck bait by fish and trigger fishing device switch, increase the probability of catching fish; Due to the flexible clamp piece design in fish framework, make fish frame lid be fixed on fish framework, there is space with described fish frame, make fish can enter fishing device from the space of fish frame lid and fish frame; Fish framework is connected by described elastic hose with described fish frame, fish framework not only can be made to shorten with stay cord and rise simultaneously due to the cushioning effect of described elastic hose, flexible clamp piece is departed from fish framework, thus make fish frame lid no longer be fixed on fish framework, fish frame and described fish frame lid are closed, thus fish is caught and it is not damaged.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of the present invention for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived;
Fig. 2 is the partial enlarged drawing of the present invention for I in the fishing device Fig. 1 in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, to above-mentioned being described in more detail with other technical characteristic and advantage of the present invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, for the present invention is used for the structure chart of the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.Described fishing device comprises fish frame 1, stay cord 2, fish frame lid 3, fish framework 5, flexible clamp piece 6, pressure sensor 7, elastic hose 8, runner 9 and motor 4.
Described fish frame 1 is barrel-like structure, to catch fish, it is arranged the aperture that several fish cannot be walked, and reduces the resistance of described fish frame 1 when underwater exercise.
Shown in Fig. 2, for the present invention is used for the partial schematic diagram of the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is the partial enlargement structural representation in I portion in Fig. 1.Described fish framework 5 is tubular structure, and its one end is connected with described elastic hose 8, the other end is provided with multiple fish framework aperture 51.Described elastic hose 8 one end is connected with described fish framework 5, the other end is connected with described fish frame 1 inner bottom part, described stay cord 2 one end is connected with described fish frame 1 inner bottom part through described fish framework 5 and described elastic hose 8 inside, its other end is wrapped on described runner 9, described runner 9 is connected with described motor 4, described motor 4 controls the lifting of described fish frame 1 by controlling the described stay cord 2 be wrapped on described runner 9, described stay cord 2 can vertically movement in described fish framework 5.Described stay cord 2 is provided with a flexible clamp piece 6, described flexible clamp piece 6 is claw type, a part for described flexible clamp piece 6 passes the fish framework aperture 51 of described fish framework 5 one end, the card holder 61 of flexible clamp piece 6 described in the present embodiment partially passes through the described fish framework aperture 51 of described fish framework 5 one end, and described card holder 61 is the claw of described flexible clamp piece 6.
It is barrel-shaped that described fish frame lid 3 is that Open Side Down, and its opening is greater than described fish frame 1 barrel of footpath and matches with described fish frame 1, at the bottom of described fish frame lid 3 comprises barrel 32 and bucket wall 31.Described fish frame lid 3 center is provided with a fish frame lid centre bore 33, and described fish frame lid 3, through described fish frame lid centre bore 33, is fixed in the card holder 61 of stretching out described fish framework aperture 51 by described fish framework 5.Described fishing device is when original state, and described fish frame lid 3 is not closed with described fish frame 1, there is space between the two.Described fish frame lid 3 is provided with multiple hole, reduces its resistance when underwater exercise.Described fish frame lid 3 can prevent fish from escaping in fishing operations.
Described pressure sensor 7 is connected with described stay cord 2, and is fixed on described fish framework 5 through the aperture on described fish framework 5.Described pressure sensor 7 outer wrap has bait, can trigger described pressure sensor 7 when fish pecks bait, and after triggering, trigger message is passed to the control system of described motor 4 by described pressure sensor 7, thus control motor 4 rotates.
Described pressure sensor 7 is h with the distance of described fish frame lid 3 vertical direction, and it needs to swim out of the shortest time t1 of fish frame 1 according to fish and the fish frame 1 time t2 closed with fish frame lid 3 sets.
Wherein fish is swum out of the shortest time t1 of fish frame 1 and is:
The time t2 that described fish frame 1 is closed with described fish frame lid 3 is:
Wherein V
gfor described fish frame lid 3 in water by External Force Acting time subsidence velocity, its computing formula is:
V
G＝a×t
1
Wherein a be described fish frame lid 3 in water not by the acceleration sunk during External Force Acting, it in computing formula is:
Work as t
1=t
2time, fish can catch by fishing device, therefore
Being h from the height of above-mentioned formula determination pressure sensor setting is:
Wherein, s is the length of described fish frame lid bucket wall 31, and r is the radius of at the bottom of described fish frame lid bucket 32, V
lfor the speed that fish frame 1 moves upward, x is the distances of described fish frame lid 3 barrels of wall lower ends to described fish frame 1 vertical direction, V
yfor the prestissimo of fish swimming, g is acceleration of gravity, and ρ is the density of material of fish frame lid 3, and V is the displacement of volume that fish frame lid 3 enters in water, and m is the quality of fish frame lid 3.
After described height h determines according to described formula, space can be closed before fish escapes from described fishing device, improve the success rate of fishing, and close when fish arrives fishing device edge, damage can not be caused to fish, decrease the damage ratio of fishing macrura reevesii.
The course of work of the present invention is: be immersed in water by described fishing device, and original state macrura reevesii frame lid 3 is separated with described fish frame 1, and there is the space that fish can be made to swim across.When fish swims in fish frame 1, the activation pressure sensor 7 when pecking bait, after triggering, trigger message is passed to the control system of described motor 4 by described pressure sensor 7, described control system controls described motor 4 and runs, described motor 4 controls described runner 9 and rotates, stay cord 2 is wrapped on runner 9, fish frame 1 is pulled with this, because fish framework 5 is connected with described fish frame 1 by elastic hose 8, when fish frame 1 moves, elastic hose 8 shrinks, play cushioning effect, fish framework 5 keeps original inactive state, thus produce relative motion with described stay cord 2, therefore, the flexible clamp piece 6 be arranged on stay cord 2 moves together with stay cord 2, described card holder 61 departs from fish framework aperture 51, fish frame lid 3 is separated with described fish framework 5, fish frame lid 5 moves downward, close up with the fish frame 1 moved upward, fish catches the most at last.
The design of fish frame of the present invention, difference and fish hook, fishing net in traditional fishing, traditional fishing can cause certain damage to fish, and the present invention can not produce injury to fish in fishing operations; Peck bait by fish and trigger fishing device switch, increase the probability of catching fish; Because the flexible clamp piece 6 in fish framework 5 designs, make fish frame lid 3 be fixed on fish framework 5, there is space with described fish frame 1, make fish can enter fishing device from fish frame lid 3 and the space of fish frame 1; Fish framework 5 is connected by described elastic hose 8 with described fish frame 1, fish framework 5 not only can be made to shorten with stay cord 2 and rise, simultaneously due to the cushioning effect of described elasticity soft 8, flexible clamp piece 6 is departed from fish framework 5, thus make fish frame lid 3 no longer be fixed on fish framework 5, fish frame 1 is closed with described fish frame lid 3, thus fish is caught and it is not damaged.
In order to solve rivers health status judge in chemical index reflection not exclusively, large, the selecting index of aquatile investigation work amount not science, reflection health status not problem intuitively, and the one provided river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived.
River health microbial administration method fast directly perceived realizes according to the following steps:
1. Biological indicators screening
Fish are positioned at aquatile food chain top, have the features such as economic worth is high, the life-span is long, mobility is strong, and some endemic species and clean kind of fish have obvious response to water quality and environmental change simultaneously, have stronger river health Bio Indicating Function.Therefore, in some river health assessments, fish index has been endowed larger weight.Meanwhile, the concerned degree of fish is high, and whether the public can judge river health by the change of these fish quantity next " intuitively ", compensate for the inconsistency of public's feelings and traditional water quality index, improves the enthusiasm that the public protects water environment.Based on the above-mentioned characteristic of fish index, according to the Fish Communities compositing characteristic in dissimilar river, choose following index to indicate river health: 1. total catch: refer to adopt certain method to catch the individual amount of all fish at the appointed time; 2. endemic species catch: refer to adopt certain method to catch the individual amount of one or more local peculiar fingerlings at the appointed time., concrete regulation is not made to fish catching method here, but the method for step 1 must be identical with the method for step 2.
But need in the method to study the quantity of fish in river and kind, the injury no longer caused fish in fishing operations, therefore uses the fishing device be used in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived to fish simultaneously.
Described fishing device comprises fish frame 1, stay cord 2, fish frame lid 3, fish framework 5, flexible clamp piece 6, pressure sensor 7, elastic hose 8, runner 9 and motor 4.
Described fish frame 1 is barrel-like structure, to catch fish, it is arranged the aperture that several fish cannot be walked, and reduces the resistance of described fish frame 1 when underwater exercise.
Described fish framework 5 is tubular structure, and its one end is connected with described elastic hose 8, the other end is provided with multiple fish framework aperture 51.Described elastic hose 8 one end is connected with described fish framework 5, the other end is connected with described fish frame 1 inner bottom part, described stay cord 2 one end is connected with described fish frame 1 inner bottom part through described fish framework 5 and described elastic hose 8 inside, its other end is wrapped on described runner 9, described runner 9 is connected with described motor 4, described motor 4 controls the lifting of described fish frame 1 by controlling the described stay cord 2 be wrapped on described runner 9, described stay cord 2 can vertically movement in described fish framework 5.Described stay cord 2 is provided with a flexible clamp piece 6, described flexible clamp piece 6 is claw type, a part for described flexible clamp piece 6 passes the fish framework aperture 51 of described fish framework 5 one end, the card holder 61 of flexible clamp piece 6 described in the present embodiment partially passes through the described fish framework aperture 51 of described fish framework 5 one end, and described card holder 61 is the claw of described flexible clamp piece 6.
It is barrel-shaped that described fish frame lid 3 is that Open Side Down, and its opening is greater than described fish frame 1 barrel of footpath and matches with described fish frame 1, at the bottom of described fish frame lid 3 comprises barrel 32 and bucket wall 31.Described fish frame lid 3 center is provided with a fish frame lid centre bore 33, and described fish frame lid 3, through described fish frame lid centre bore 33, is fixed in the card holder 61 of stretching out described fish framework aperture 51 by described fish framework 5.Described fishing device is when original state, and described fish frame lid 3 is not closed with described fish frame 1, there is space between the two.Described fish frame lid 3 is provided with multiple hole, reduces its resistance when underwater exercise.Described fish frame lid 3 can prevent fish from escaping in fishing operations.
Described pressure sensor 7 is connected with described stay cord 2, and is fixed on described fish framework 5 through the aperture on described fish framework 5.Described pressure sensor 7 outer wrap has bait, can trigger described pressure sensor 7 when fish pecks bait, and after triggering, trigger message is passed to the control system of described motor 4 by described pressure sensor 7, thus control motor 4 rotates.
Described pressure sensor 7 is h with the distance of described fish frame lid 3 vertical direction, and it needs to swim out of the shortest time t1 of fish frame 1 according to fish and the fish frame 1 time t2 closed with fish frame lid 3 sets.
Wherein fish is swum out of the shortest time t1 of fish frame 1 and is:
The time t2 that described fish frame 1 is closed with described fish frame lid 3 is:
Wherein V
gfor described fish frame lid 3 in water by External Force Acting time subsidence velocity, its computing formula is:
V
G＝a×t
1
Wherein a be described fish frame lid 3 in water not by the acceleration sunk during External Force Acting, it in computing formula is:
Work as t
1=t
2time, fish can catch by fishing device, therefore
Being h from the height of above-mentioned formula determination pressure sensor setting is:
Wherein, s is the length of described fish frame lid bucket wall 31, and r is the radius of at the bottom of described fish frame lid bucket 32, V
lfor the speed that fish frame 1 moves upward, x is the distances of described fish frame lid 3 barrels of wall lower ends to described fish frame 1 vertical direction, V
yfor the prestissimo of fish swimming, g is acceleration of gravity, and ρ is the density of material of fish frame lid 3, and V is the displacement of volume that fish frame lid 3 enters in water, and m is the quality of fish frame lid 3.
The course of work for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived is: be immersed in water by described fishing device, original state macrura reevesii frame lid 3 is separated with described fish frame 1, and there is the space that fish can be made to swim across.When fish swims in fish frame 1, the activation pressure sensor 7 when pecking bait, after triggering, trigger message is passed to the control system of described motor 4 by described pressure sensor 7, described control system controls described motor 4 and runs, described motor 4 controls described runner 9 and rotates, stay cord 2 is wrapped on runner 9, fish frame 1 is pulled with this, because fish framework 5 is connected with described fish frame 1 by elastic hose 8, when fish frame 1 moves, elastic hose 8 shrinks, play cushioning effect, fish framework 5 keeps original inactive state, thus produce relative motion with described stay cord 2, therefore, the flexible clamp piece 6 be arranged on stay cord 2 moves together with stay cord 2, described card holder 61 departs from fish framework aperture 51, fish frame lid 3 is separated with described fish framework 5, fish frame lid 5 moves downward, close up with the fish frame 1 moved upward, fish catches the most at last.
The design of described fishing device fish frame, difference and fish hook, fishing net in traditional fishing, traditional fishing can cause certain damage to fish, and the present invention can not produce injury to fish in fishing operations; Peck bait by fish and trigger fishing device switch, increase the probability of catching fish; Because the flexible clamp piece 6 in fish framework 5 designs, make fish frame lid 3 be fixed on fish framework 5, there is space with described fish frame 1, make fish can enter fishing device from fish frame lid 3 and the space of fish frame 1; Fish framework 5 is connected by described elastic hose 8 with described fish frame 1, fish framework 5 not only can be made to shorten with stay cord 2 and rise, simultaneously due to the cushioning effect of described elasticity soft 8, flexible clamp piece 6 is departed from fish framework 5, thus make fish frame lid 3 no longer be fixed on fish framework 5, fish frame 1 is closed with described fish frame lid 3, thus fish is caught and it is not damaged.Fish catches by the fishing device that such utilization is used in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, then can to its quantity, and kind carries out calculating and classifying.
2. Biological indicators reference point is determined
Biological indicators reference point is determined to adopt following methods: in dissimilar river, choose reference point respectively, by the total catch and the endemic species fishery harvesting quantity two indices that utilize the method identical with step 1 to measure reference point, obtains index reference point.Here, the definition of reference point can be: within the specific limits without or disturb without obvious mankind's activity, water quality and aquatile habitat situation is equal to or the sampled point of access expansion state.Choosing of reference point should adopt quantization method to determine as far as possible, is namely determined by measurement water quality index and habitat index.As the reference point without the condition of being applicable to, then the method that should combine according to data of literatures, historical data and expert opinion, determines the reference point of Biological indicators.
3. Biological indicators Health Category is passed judgment on
Biological indicators Health Category is passed judgment on and is adopted with the following method: establish in a certain type river, one sampled point total catch index is a, endemic species catch index is b, reference point total catch index is R1, endemic species catch index is R2, then the total catch index of this sampled point must be divided into the ratio of a and Ra, i.e. a/R1; Endemic species catch index must be divided into the ratio of b and R2, i.e. b/R2.Due to invasion fish in other places may be included in total catch index in some cases, completely truly can not reflect the hydrobiological health status in river, and the quantity of endemic species fish more truly can reflect the health status in the type river, therefore, when calculating Biological indicators health score value Bio_H, higher weight is given by endemic species catch index score (b/R2):
Bio_H=(weight 1) × (a/R1)+(weight 2) × (b/R2)
Wherein, the large I of weight is determined by expert consulting method, but weight 2 should be greater than weight 1.
When Bio_H value is 0 ~ 0.2, this sampled point Biological indicators Health Category is " very poor "; When Bio_H value is 0.2 ~ 0.4, this sampled point Biological indicators Health Category is " poor "; When Bio_H value is 0.4 ~ 0.6, this sampled point Biological indicators Health Category is " generally "; When Bio_H value is 0.6 ~ 0.8, this sampled point Biological indicators Health Category is " better "; When Bio_H value is 0.8 ~ 1, this sampled point Biological indicators Health Category is " very well ".
4. river health grade Comprehensive Evaluation
The state of fish index reflects the hydrobiological health status in river, is the key foundation passing judgment on rivers health status.On this basis, using physical and chemical index as auxiliary foundation, Comprehensive Evaluation river health grade.The Health Category determination methods of physical and chemical index, consistent with the method for step 2 and 3: the reference point namely first determining physical and chemical index, then according to the ratio of sampled point monitor value and reference point, determine the healthy score value PC_H of thing amount chemical index.The Health Category of thing amount chemical index is divided into two classes: when PC_H value is 0 ~ 0.6, and physical and chemical index Health Category is " bad "; When PC_H value is 0.6 ~ 1, physical and chemical index Health Category is " good ".The river health grade combining physical and chemical index and fish index is determined by following methods:
When physical and chemical index Health Category is " good ", then river health grade is consistent with Biological indicators Health Category;
When thing amount chemical index Health Category is " bad ", if fish index Health Category is " very well " or " better ", then river health grade declines a grade for " better " or " generally ";
When thing amount chemical index Health Category is " bad ", if fish index Health Category is " generally ", " poor " or " very poor ", then river health grade is consistent with fish index Health Category.
The fish index that river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived adopts due to piscine organism feature obvious, identification is high, do not need through special Sample preservation and taxonomic identification, can obtain during sampling at the scene, therefore this index is adopted to judge that river health is fast easy, workable, be applicable to various types of river, be easy to promote.Meanwhile, total catch and endemic species catch intuitively embody the health status in river, compensate for the public for conventional physical chemical index, problem that complex biological index cognition degree is low, are conducive to promoting in the middle of public participation protects to river environment.The method take Biological indicators as Main Basis; with physics index for auxiliary foundation Comprehensive Evaluation rivers health status; embody with the Ecology healthy protection of the river environment for theory object, the water quality pressure affecting aquatile health can be identified simultaneously, there is comparatively strong scientific and novelty.
In described river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived total catch and endemic species catch two kinds of fish indexs at the scene time can obtain, simple and quick, easy to operate, be convenient to promote.And according to the healthy score value of fish index, can judge rivers health status fast, fish index is easy-to-understand, consistent with the direct feel of the public to river health " the many fishes of fish are few ".The method is with fish index for Main Basis simultaneously, and water body physical and chemical index is auxiliary foundation, and Consideration is comparatively comprehensive, and embodying protection Ecology health is main river health assessment new concept.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is only illustrative for the purpose of the present invention, and nonrestrictive.Those skilled in the art is understood, and can carry out many changes in the spirit and scope that the claims in the present invention limit to it, amendment, even equivalence, but all will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1., for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, comprise a fish frame, a stay cord, a flexible clamp piece, a fish frame lid, a motor and a pressure sensor;
Described fish frame, its inner bottom part is connected with described stay cord one end;
Described stay cord, its one end is connected with described fish frame, and the other end is connected with described motor, and described motor controls the lifting of described fish frame by described stay cord;
Described flexible clamp piece, it is arranged on described stay cord, in order to fixing described fish frame lid;
Described fish frame lid, its center is provided with a fish frame lid centre bore, and described fish frame lid is fixed through described fish frame lid centre bore by described flexible clamp piece;
Described pressure sensor, it is arranged on described stay cord, controls the operation of described motor;
The distance of described pressure sensor and described fish frame lid vertical direction is h, and its computing formula is:
Wherein, s is the length of described fish frame lid bucket wall, and r is the radius at the bottom of described fish frame lid bucket, V
lfor the speed that described fish frame moves upward, x is the distance of described fish frame lid bucket wall lower end to described fish frame vertical direction, V
yfor the prestissimo of fish swimming, g is acceleration of gravity, and ρ is the density of material of described fish frame lid, and V is the displacement of volume that described fish frame lid enters in water, and m is the quality of described fish frame lid.
2. according to claim 1 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described fish frame lid outer wrap has the fish framework of a tubulose, described fish framework one end is connected with an elastic hose, the other end is provided with multiple fish framework aperture, described pressure sensor passes wherein fish framework aperture described in and is fixed on described fish framework, and described stay cord can move in described fish framework.
3. according to claim 2 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, it is outside that described elastic hose is wrapped in described stay cord, and described elastic hose one end is connected with described fish frame inner bottom part, and the other end is connected with described fish framework.
4. according to claim 3 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described flexible clamp piece is claw type, and the part-structure of described flexible clamp piece stretches out from described fish framework aperture, is fixed described fish frame lid.
5. according to claim 1 and 2 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described motor is provided with a runner, be connected with described stay cord by described runner, described motor rotates by controlling described runner the length controlling described stay cord straight portion.
6. according to claim 5 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described fish frame is the barrel-like structure of opening upwards, and described fish frame is provided with several aperture, reduces the resistance of described fish frame when underwater exercise.
7. according to claim 6 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described fish frame lid is the barrel-like structure that Open Side Down, and its opening diameter is greater than described fish frame bucket footpath.
8. according to claim 7 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described pressure sensor outer wrap has bait, to attract fish.
9. according to claim 8 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described fish frame covers and is provided with multiple hole, to reduce it at hydrogymnastic resistance.
10. according to claim 9 for the fishing device in river health microbial administration method fast directly perceived, it is characterized in that, described fish frame cover material density is greater than the density of water, and described fish frame covers not sinking in water by during External Force Acting, closed to accelerate described fish frame lid and described fish frame.
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| CN201510350468.8A CN104982393B (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2015-06-23 | A kind of fishing device in quickly river health microbial administration method directly perceived |
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| CN201510350468.8A CN104982393B (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2015-06-23 | A kind of fishing device in quickly river health microbial administration method directly perceived |
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| CN104982393A true CN104982393A (en) | 2015-10-21 |
| CN104982393B CN104982393B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112161683A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-01 | 赵淑芳 | Intelligent weighing device for fixed-point fixed-track of livestock |
| CN112243915A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-22 | 浙江海洋大学 | Purse net catching device and using method |
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| US4831774A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1989-05-23 | Gonzales Thomas R | Marine life trap |
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| CN203618592U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-04 | 马玉华 | Folding lifting net with escape prevention function |
| CN203762091U (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-08-13 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Lifting type Jiang net auxiliary sampling device for early-stage fish resources |
| CN204206941U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-18 | 威海海斯特钓具股份有限公司 | Light auxiliary trapping fish pot |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US4831774A (en) * | 1987-06-04 | 1989-05-23 | Gonzales Thomas R | Marine life trap |
| US5555666A (en) * | 1994-07-22 | 1996-09-17 | Glatzer; Mark | Crab fishing by remote monitoring |
| CN203618592U (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-06-04 | 马玉华 | Folding lifting net with escape prevention function |
| CN203762091U (en) * | 2014-01-13 | 2014-08-13 | 中国长江三峡集团公司 | Lifting type Jiang net auxiliary sampling device for early-stage fish resources |
| CN204206941U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-18 | 威海海斯特钓具股份有限公司 | Light auxiliary trapping fish pot |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112161683A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-01-01 | 赵淑芳 | Intelligent weighing device for fixed-point fixed-track of livestock |
| CN112243915A (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-01-22 | 浙江海洋大学 | Purse net catching device and using method |
| CN112243915B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-05-06 | 浙江海洋大学 | Purse net catching device and using method |
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| CN104982393B (en) | 2017-04-05 |
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