CN104982226B - A kind of mushroom implantation methods - Google Patents
A kind of mushroom implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN104982226B CN104982226B CN201510396374.4A CN201510396374A CN104982226B CN 104982226 B CN104982226 B CN 104982226B CN 201510396374 A CN201510396374 A CN 201510396374A CN 104982226 B CN104982226 B CN 104982226B
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- sterilization
- culture medium
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- kettle ontology
- cultivating champignon
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of mushroom implantation methods, the following steps are included: ingredient, high-temperature sterilization, cooling, inoculation, pack and bacterium germination, wherein high-temperature sterilization is that the cultivating champignon culture medium that will have been mixed is packed into high-temperature stirring kettle, it is 121 ~ 126 DEG C that temperature, which is arranged, pressure is 0.155-0.160MPa, the reaction time 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours, completes the high-temperature stirring kettle after sterilizing, in 1 ~ 2 hour, it is cooled to 23 ~ 27 DEG C；Of the invention (1) will pack can be to avoid miscellaneous bacteria be introduced in bagging process after cultivating champignon culture medium elder generation high-temperature sterilization, and after high-temperature sterilization, subsequent technique carries out in gnotobasis, greatly reduces pollution rate；(2) when high-temperature sterilization, if pressure is 0.155 ~ 0.160 MPa, sterilization time is made to shorten nearly ten times；(3) when cooling down, using the method for displacement filtrated air, temperature fall time is substantially reduced, and in accelerating temperature-fall period, does not introduce miscellaneous bacteria.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to vegetable planting technology field, in particular to a kind of implantation methods of mushroom.
Background technique
Mushroom is famous edible and medical fungi, and aromatic flavour is full of nutrition, medical value with higher.Current mushroom
It is first to pack to sterilize afterwards before seed dressing in implantation methods, can makes to be mingled in cultivating champignon culture medium in bagging process a large amount of
The microorganisms such as impurity and bacterium and fungi such as dust, the quality of culture medium can not only declined can also be to postorder sterilization process
Difficulty is increased, traditional sterilization procedure time is long as a result, and cooling is slow, increases the production cycle of mushroom.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mushroom implantation methods, are inoculated with dress afterwards using first sterilizing to cultivating champignon culture medium
The method of bag, can not introduce miscellaneous bacteria and sterilizing is more abundant, be used cooperatively fast cooling technique, not only increase output mushroom
Quality also shorten the mushroom growth time.
To achieve the above object, include the following steps,
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 70 ~ 80 parts of sawdust, gypsum 1 ~ 2
Part, 15 ~ 25 parts of wheat bran, the additional amount of distilled water are the 50% ~ 90% of total raw material weight；
(2) high-temperature sterilization: the cultivating champignon culture medium being uniformly mixed by step (1) is subjected to autoclave sterilization, is gone out
Bacterium condition is 121 ~ 126 DEG C, 0.155-0.160MPa, sterilization time 1.5 ~ 2.5 hours；In 1 ~ 2 hour, it is cooled to 23 ~ 27
℃；
Preferably, implementing high-temperature sterilization in pyroreaction kettle, after cultivating champignon culture medium is cooling, pyroreaction kettle is taken out
For vacuum, filtrated air is then passed to, by, again by pyroreaction kettle vacuum pumping, then passing to nothing after 10 ~ 30 minutes
Bacterium air carried out a circulation every 10 ~ 30 minutes, so recycles 1 ~ 50 time；
(4) it is inoculated with: accessing solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier, inoculum concentration in the cultivating champignon culture medium after high-temperature sterilization
It is 0.2 ~ 7% of cultivating champignon culture medium weight in step (1), after sealing, stirs 0.3 ~ 0.7 hour, obtain compost；
It is packed after 1 ~ 48h preferably, the cultivating champignon culture medium after inoculation continues to rest；
(5) it packs: the cultivating champignon culture medium after inoculation being packed and opened up air hole in an aseptic environment, it is placed in 20 ~
28 DEG C, bacterium germination under 50 ~ 70% humidity environment, after culture in 20 ~ 30 days, routine culture after the long purseful of mycelium.
Preferably, the cultivating champignon culture medium after inoculation, which sets lantern ring after packing, replaces air hole.
Good effect of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention greatly shortens implantation time and effectively by ingredient, high-temperature sterilization, cooling, inoculation, pack and bacterium germination
Pollution rate is reduced, cultivating rate is improved, wherein (1) will pack can be to avoid packing after cultivating champignon culture medium elder generation high-temperature sterilization
Introduce miscellaneous bacteria in the process, after high-temperature sterilization, subsequent technique carries out in gnotobasis, greatly reduces pollution rate；(2) high temperature
When sterilizing, if pressure is 0.155 ~ 0.160 MPa, sterilization time is made to shorten nearly ten times；(3) sterile using replacing when cooling down
The method of air is used cooperatively 2 external condensation of Sterilization Kettle ontology, enables to need just to drop to 25 DEG C in 20 hours originally, be reduced to 1 ~
In 2 hours, 23 ~ 27 DEG C are cooled to, substantially reduces temperature fall time, and in accelerating temperature-fall period, does not introduce miscellaneous bacteria, is guaranteed
Product quality.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of high-temperature sterilization and cooling device used in step (2) and step (3) in the present invention.
In attached drawing, 1 Sterilization Kettle ontology, 2 feed inlets, 3 steam inlets, 4 condensers, 5 vacuum pump sets, 6 cooling towers, 7 go out
Feed channel, 8 aseptic gas air inlets, 9 thermometers, 10 pressure gauges, 11 agitating paddles, 12 discharge ports.
Specific embodiment
It will make further narration in detail to the embodiment of the present invention below.
A kind of mushroom implantation methods of the invention, specific embodiment the following steps are included:
Embodiment 1:
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 70 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of gypsum, wheat
22 parts of bran, the additional amount of distilled water is the 50% of total raw material weight；
(2) high-temperature sterilization: the cultivating champignon culture medium that will be uniformly mixed by step (1) is packed into high-temperature stirring kettle, high temperature
The core of stirred tank is Sterilization Kettle ontology 1, as shown in Figure 1, cultivating champignon culture medium is passed through the feed inlet on Sterilization Kettle ontology 1
2 enter Sterilization Kettle ontology 1, and the steam inlet 3 on Sterilization Kettle ontology 1 is connected with external steam pipeline, are Sterilization Kettle ontology 1
Heat source is provided, setting temperature is 121 DEG C, pressure 0.160MPa, and the thermometer 9 and pressure gauge 10 on Sterilization Kettle ontology 1 can be real
When reflect temperature and pressure numerical value in kettle, cultivating champignon culture medium is passed through into agitating paddle 11, stirring in Sterilization Kettle ontology 1
2.5 hour；
(3) cool down: as shown in Figure 1, completing the high-temperature stirring kettle after sterilizing, passing through the fast cooling in high-temperature stirring kettle
Device was cooled to 25 DEG C in 1.3 hours；The fast cooling device includes condenser 4, vacuum pump set 5 and cooling tower 6, cold
Condenser 4 is connected to Sterilization Kettle ontology 1 by outlet pipe 7, and vacuum pump set 5 and cooling tower 6 are connected to condenser 4, Sterilization Kettle sheet
Aseptic gas air inlet 8 is additionally provided on body 1, after completing stirring in Sterilization Kettle ontology 1, vacuum pump set 5 is by Sterilization Kettle ontology 1
Then internal vacuum pumping is passed through filtrated air from aseptic gas air inlet 8 to Sterilization Kettle ontology 1, by after 30 minutes again
It is secondary that the 1 inside vacuum pumping of Sterilization Kettle ontology is then passed into filtrated air, a circulation was carried out every 30 minutes, so recycled 1
It is secondary, it continues on aseptic gas and displaces the hot-air in Sterilization Kettle ontology 1, in addition, condenser 4 and cooling tower 6 are in outside
The hot gas discharged to Sterilization Kettle ontology 1 cools down, and substantially increases cooling rate.After the completion of high-temperature stirring, after stirring
Uniformly mixed cultivating champignon culture medium drawn off by the discharge port 12 of 1 lower part of Sterilization Kettle ontology.
(4) it being inoculated with: pouring into solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier into high-temperature stirring kettle after cooling, kind is Xianggu mushroom strain,
Additional amount is 0.2% of the cultivating champignon culture medium weight in step (1), after sealing, is stirred 0.3 hour；
(5) it will rest 1h by the cultivating champignon culture medium of inoculation, and then pack, installed on bag in an aseptic environment
Lantern ring is put into bacterium germination under 20 ~ 28 DEG C and 50 ~ 70% humidity environment, and after culture in 20 ~ 30 days, mycelium covers with cultivating bag,
Cultivating rate is 95%, and whole fruiting times are 0 15 days 3 months.
Embodiment 2
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 80 parts of sawdust, 1 part of gypsum, wheat
15 parts of bran, the additional amount of distilled water is the 90% of total raw material weight；
(2) high-temperature sterilization: the cultivating champignon culture medium that will have been mixed is packed into high-temperature stirring kettle, and setting temperature is 126 DEG C, pressure
Power is 0.155MPa, the reaction time 1.5 hours；
(3) cool down: the high-temperature stirring kettle after completing sterilizing was cooled to 25 DEG C in 1.4 hours；It is complete in pyroreaction kettle
After stirring, by vacuum pumping in pyroreaction kettle, filtrated air is then passed to, by 20 minutes later again by pyroreaction
Vacuum pumping in kettle, then passes to filtrated air, and a circulation, so circulation 25 times were carried out every 20 minutes.
(4) it being inoculated with: pouring into solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier into high-temperature stirring kettle after cooling, kind is Xianggu mushroom strain,
Additional amount is 7% of cultivating champignon culture medium weight in step (1), after sealing, is stirred 0.7 hour；
(5) it will rest 48h by the cultivating champignon culture medium of inoculation, then pack in an aseptic environment, it is uniform on bag
Cultivar is put into bacterium germination under 20 ~ 28 DEG C and 50 ~ 70% humidity environment by venting, after culture in 20 ~ 30 days, mycelia
Body covers with cultivating bag, cultivating rate 97%, and whole fruiting times are 0 10 days 3 months.
Embodiment 3
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 75 parts of sawdust, 1.5 parts of gypsum,
25 parts of wheat bran, the additional amount of distilled water is the 60% of total raw material weight；
(2) high-temperature sterilization: the cultivating champignon culture medium that will have been mixed is packed into high-temperature stirring kettle, and setting temperature is 123 DEG C, pressure
Power is 0.158MPa, the reaction time 2 hours；
(3) cool down: the high-temperature stirring kettle after completing sterilizing was cooled to 25 DEG C in 1 hour；It is completed in pyroreaction kettle
After stirring, by vacuum pumping in pyroreaction kettle, filtrated air is then passed to, by 10 minutes later again by pyroreaction kettle
Vacuum pumping then passes to filtrated air, and a circulation, so circulation 50 times were carried out every 10 minutes.
(4) it being inoculated with: pouring into solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier into high-temperature stirring kettle after cooling, kind is Xianggu mushroom strain,
Additional amount is 3% of cultivating champignon culture medium weight in step (1), after sealing, is stirred 0.5 hour；
(5) it will rest for 24 hours by the cultivating champignon culture medium of inoculation, pack, the mounting collar on bag is put into 20 ~ 28
DEG C and 50 ~ 70% humidity environment under bacterium germination, after culture in 20 ~ 30 days, mycelium covers with cultivating bag, cultivating rate 94%, entirely
Portion's fruiting time is 0 20 days 3 months.
Comparative example 1
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 75 parts of sawdust, 1.5 parts of gypsum,
25 parts of wheat bran, the additional amount of distilled water is the 60% of total raw material volume；
(2) it packs: cultivating champignon culture medium being squeezed into the polypropylene plastics pocket with air hole, cultivating champignon culture medium
The size of bag is 18 × 45 × 0.8cm；
(3) high-temperature sterilization: cultivating champignon culture medium bag is risen to 125 DEG C under normal pressure, keeps the temperature 10h, Temperature fall, 21h
It is down to 25 DEG C later；
(4) it is inoculated with: 3 ~ 4 holes, aperture 2cm, in each hole is uniformly pricked into the surface of each cultivating champignon culture medium bag
Interior addition solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier, kind are Xianggu mushroom strain, and additional amount is cultivating champignon culture medium weight in step (1)
3%；
(5) it will be put into bacterium germination under 20 ~ 28 DEG C and 50 ~ 70% humidity environment by the cultivating champignon culture medium of step (4),
Whole fruiting times are 0 12 days 5 months, cultivating rate 55%.
For comparative example it can be seen from above-mentioned experimental example and comparison compared to application traditional cultivation method, the present invention
Implantation time can be greatly shortened and pollution rate is effectively reduced, improve cultivating rate, main cause is as follows: (1) by cultivating champignon
Pack can be to avoid miscellaneous bacteria be introduced in bagging process after culture medium elder generation high-temperature sterilization, and after high-temperature sterilization, subsequent technique is in nothing
Collarium carries out within the border, greatly reduces pollution rate；(2) when high-temperature sterilization, if pressure is 0.155 ~ 0.160 MPa, when making sterilizing
Between shorten nearly ten times；(3) when cooling down, using the method for displacement filtrated air, cooling rate is substantially increased, and accelerating
In temperature-fall period, miscellaneous bacteria is not introduced, guarantees product quality.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of mushroom implantation methods, it is characterised in that: include the following steps,
(1) ingredient: the raw material including following parts by weight prepares cultivating champignon culture medium, 70 parts of sawdust, 2 parts of gypsum, wheat bran 22
Part, the additional amount of distilled water is the 50% of total raw material weight；
(2) high-temperature sterilization: the cultivating champignon culture medium that will be uniformly mixed by step (1) is packed into high-temperature stirring kettle, high-temperature stirring
The core of kettle is Sterilization Kettle ontology (1), and cultivating champignon culture medium is entered by the feed inlet (2) on Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) and is gone out
Bacterium kettle ontology (1), the steam inlet (3) on Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) are connected with external steam pipeline, are Sterilization Kettle ontology
(1) heat source is provided, setting temperature is 121 DEG C, pressure 0.160MPa, thermometer (9) and pressure gauge on Sterilization Kettle ontology (1)
(10) reflect the temperature and pressure numerical value in kettle in real time, cultivating champignon culture medium is passed through into stirring in Sterilization Kettle ontology (1)
Paddle (11) stirs 2.5 hours；
(3) cool down: the high-temperature stirring kettle after completing sterilizing, through the fast cooling device in high-temperature stirring kettle in 1.3 hours,
It is cooled to 25 DEG C；The fast cooling device includes condenser (4), vacuum pump set (5) and cooling tower (6), condenser (4) with go out
Bacterium kettle ontology (1) is connected to by outlet pipe (7), and vacuum pump set (5) and cooling tower (6) are connected to condenser (4), Sterilization Kettle sheet
Aseptic gas air inlet (8) are additionally provided on body (1), after completing stirring in Sterilization Kettle ontology (1), vacuum pump set (5) will go out
The internal vacuum pumping of bacterium kettle ontology (1), is then passed through filtrated air from aseptic gas air inlet (8) to Sterilization Kettle ontology (1), passes through
The internal vacuum pumping of Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) is then passed into filtrated air again after spending 30 minutes, carried out one every 30 minutes
A circulation, so circulation 1 time, continue on aseptic gas and displace the hot-air in Sterilization Kettle ontology (1), condenser (4)
It is cooled down with cooling tower (6) in the hot gas that outside discharges Sterilization Kettle ontology (1), after the completion of high-temperature stirring, after stirring
Uniformly mixed cultivating champignon culture medium drawn off by the discharge port (12) of Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) lower part;
(4) it is inoculated with: accessing solid Xianggu mushroom strain loop-carrier in the cultivating champignon culture medium after high-temperature sterilization, inoculum concentration is step
Suddenly in (1) cultivating champignon culture medium weight 0.2%, after sealing, stir 0.3 hour, obtain compost；
(5) pack: will rest 1 ~ 48h by the cultivating champignon culture medium of inoculation, then pack, pacify in an aseptic environment on bag
Encapsulation ring is put into bacterium germination under 20 ~ 28 DEG C and 50 ~ 70% humidity environment, after culture in 20 ~ 30 days, after the long purseful of mycelium
Routine culture;
In the step (3), when cultivating champignon culture medium is cooling, by Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) vacuum pumping, sterile sky is then passed to
Gas, by, again by Sterilization Kettle ontology (1) vacuum pumping, filtrated air being then passed to, every 10 ~ 30 points after 10 ~ 30 minutes
Clock carries out a circulation, so recycles 1 ~ 50 time.
2. a kind of mushroom implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step (5), the mushroom after inoculation is planted
Training culture medium, which continues to rest, to be packed after 1h.
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| CN106396957A (en) * | 2016-09-07 | 2017-02-15 | 无限极（中国）有限公司 | Additive for planting shiitake mushrooms and shiitake mushroom planting method |
| CN107347447A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-17 | 安徽丰尚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of high-yield disease resisting implantation methods of mushroom |
| CN107554885B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2018-06-29 | 翔天农业开发集团股份有限公司 | A kind of sterile pack technique of edible mushroom |
| CN107517737B (en) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-01-08 | 翔天农业开发集团股份有限公司 | A kind of continuous quick bacteria stick manufacture craft of edible mushroom |
| CN107950287A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-04-24 | 莫玉艳 | A kind of implantation methods of mushroom |
| CN108476867A (en) * | 2018-06-06 | 2018-09-04 | 连云港国鑫食用菌成套设备有限公司 | The sterilizing cooling inoculation Integration Equipment of culture medium of edible fungus |
| CN109006191A (en) * | 2018-10-19 | 2018-12-18 | 河北省微生物研究所 | The method that cultivation bacterium bag is prepared using mushroom liquid bacterial |
| CN111742783A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-10-09 | 唐湘梅 | Industrial production method of edible fungus sticks |
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| CN102450157B (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2013-04-03 | 华中农业大学 | Solid fermentation method for cordyceps militaris |
| CN102239784A (en) * | 2011-05-03 | 2011-11-16 | 重庆良酩科技发展有限公司 | Microorganism production process |
| CN103211212B (en) * | 2013-04-11 | 2016-01-20 | 天津天狮生物发展有限公司 | A kind of Cordyceps mycelium and preparation method |
| CN104322276B (en) * | 2014-09-26 | 2016-08-24 | 浙江省农业科学院 | A kind of method improving lentinus edodes strain stick preparation efficiency and yield and quality |
| CN204319330U (en) * | 2014-11-13 | 2015-05-13 | 天津市滨海新区博茂源生物科技有限公司 | A kind of edible fungi sterilization device |
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Effective date of registration: 20211119 Address after: 072750 South maguantun village, Qingliangsi office, Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province (south entrance of Hengtong South Street) Patentee after: Hebei Yiling Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 164, middle Huayang Road, Zhuozhou City, Baoding City, Hebei Province 072750 Patentee before: XIANGTIAN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20151021 Assignee: Xiangtian Technology Co.,Ltd. Assignor: Hebei Yiling Biotechnology Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: X2023980042440 Denomination of invention: A Method for Planting Mushrooms Granted publication date: 20190108 License type: Common License Record date: 20230921 |