CN104980068B

CN104980068B - The asynchronous slow-speed of revolution control method for stably operating of synchronous motor and device

Info

Publication number: CN104980068B
Application number: CN201510105776.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘飞宏
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2015-03-11
Filing date: 2015-03-11
Publication date: 2017-10-17
Anticipated expiration: 2035-03-11
Also published as: CN104980068A

Abstract

Suitable for the control method and device of the synchronous motor asynchronous low speed stable operation of small, miniature single-phase permanent magnet bipolar motor, the logic level signal of PM rotor real-time magnetic field polarity is obtained by Hall sensorAnd its " non-" signal；Input supply voltage and phase are ahead of supply voltage V dephased current signalShaping is obtained therewith with logic level signal of the frequency with phase respectivelyWith, and its " non-" signalWith；Digital logical operation is carried out to above-mentioned each signal packet, its computing principle is:Real-time rotor field polar signal is obtained according to Hall sensor output level transition sequential, corresponding timing control signal is exported to control the sense of current of stator exciting coil, so that the magnetic field that stator is produced is matched with rotor field, to ensure PM rotor continuous running.The control method and device, have played the small advantage of single-phase permanent magnet motor volume, for driving small-power fan to be particularly suitable for low-cost high-efficiency.

Description

The asynchronous slow-speed of revolution control method for stably operating of synchronous motor and device

Technical field

The present invention relates to the synchronous motor for having permanent magnet, the single-phase permanent magnet that more particularly to magnet rotates in armature Motor, more particularly to the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor control method and device.

Background technology

Prior art is small, miniature single-phase permanent magnet rotor synchronous motor, especially only a pair of rotor magnetic poles, does same Walk the motor of operation, it is simple structure, low-profile, sturdy and durable and cheap, there is extensive purposes.But, should Class motor does not have detent torque, the initial rotation direction yet not determined；And normally run on 50/60 Hz utility grids Synchronous rotational speed be regularly 3,000/3,600 r.p.m., this is for example used as fan or washing machine for many civilian occasions Motor, it is clear that be that rotating speed is too high；Want to adjust rotating speed, frequency-variable electronic technology must be used, i.e., so-called vvvf transformations-frequency conversion Technology, the naturally just high many of production cost.Then prior art occurs in that many small, miniature synchronous motor of single-phase permanent magnet Regularly it is coupled reduction gearing box on its output shaft to sell together.Also there are many occasions, the electric fan of such as family expenses or laundry Machine etc., just directly wherein will be connected in series split-phase capacitor by a phase stator winding using quadrupole or the ferraris motor of sextupole Device, to obtain advanced 90 ° of electric current, asynchronous operation is done in single-phase electricity on the net.

Gearcase is installed on motor to sell together, very low power micro machine is only applicable to, it increases outline body Product, also improves production cost.Run using phase asynchronous motor by capacitor split-phase, then not only make motor outline body Product increase, and improve production cost, also as many phase-splitting capacitors and reduce reliability of operation.

The way of the present invention is to realize that the stable of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution is transported using small, miniature synchronous motor of single-phase permanent magnet OK, the inventive method and device can be implemented merely with the sensor and control board of a volume very little, than induction electric Machine and the synchronous motor volume for being provided with reduction gearing box are smaller, and reliability is higher, and cost is lower.

The content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to avoid above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art part and propose a kind of low cost , only increase a fritter control board on synchronous motor of single-phase permanent magnet and in fixed position thereon

Set one piece detecting rotor magnetic pole polarity slight sensor, it is possible to stabilize it in slow-speed of revolution asynchronous operation Control method and device.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the technical problem proposition, which is that a kind of asynchronous slow-speed of revolution of synchronous motor is stable, transports Capable control method, it is adaptable to small, miniature the two poles of the earth synchronous motor of U-shaped stator core, comprises the following steps：B. in stator poles The sensor of detecting PM rotor polarity is set at boots one, and it is patrolling for N poles or S poles to obtain real-time rotor field polarity at this Collect level signal, and set=1 is that rotor N poles are gone to herein, conversely,=0 is that rotor S poles are gone to herein；It is described Logic level signalLogic inverting, i.e.," non-" signal, be denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first He Second polarity of the magnetic field signal；C. the single-phase alternating current potential source for driving the motor asynchronous operation is denoted as V, its voltage signal The shaped logic level signal for obtaining same frequency same-phase therewith, concurrently set=1 represents the instantaneous of voltage source V Value v ＞ 0, conversely, voltage source V level signal=0 represents instantaneous value v ＜ 0；The logic level signalLogic Inverting, i.e.," non-" signal, be denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first and second supply voltage clock signals；D. it is described Supply voltage V obtains dephased current through R-C capacitance-resistances branch road or R-L inductive branches, the dephased current signalIt is shaped to obtain Obtain the logic level signal of same frequency same-phase therewith, while and setting=1 represents electric currentInstantaneous value＞ 0, conversely,=0 represents instantaneous value＜ 0；The logic level signalLogic inverting, i.e.,It is " non-" letter Number, it is denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first and second dephased current clock signals；E. by logic level signal、、Three is summarized as first group；Again by logic level signal、、Three is summarized as second group；Point Other three logic level signals in foregoing two groups of signals do binary digit logical operation, to obtain whether allow stator winding Continue excitation and connect voltage source V logic level control signal immediately;Or by signal、WithThree returns Receive as first group；Signal、 WithThree is summarized as second group；Respectively to three signals in two groups of signals Binary digit logical operation is done, to obtain the logic level for whether allowing stator winding to continue excitation and connecting voltage source V immediately Control signal;The corresponding rule of digital logical operation is set to:The logic level control letter of stator excitation winding current turns ON NumberWhen=1, stator excitation winding is applied in voltage source V immediately, the magnetic field that don't fail to now cause stator excitation winding to produce Direction and the real-time magnetic field polarities match of rotor, to produce the active force that driving rotor is rotated further according to original direction；Otherwise, Signal=0, stator excitation winding is cut off voltage source V, and rotor is rotated further by inertia by former direction.

The control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor, also has step before the step B. A. the low electricity for controlling circuit is obtained through decompression, shaping from the single-phase alternating current potential source V for driving the motor asynchronous operation Press source of stable pressure Vcc.

The control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor：In the case of CW is rotated clockwise, institute The sensor for stating detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity is arranged on stator field geometric center lines pole shoe tip and kept left side or pole shoe root Portion keeps right side；In the case of CCW is rotated counterclockwise, the sensor of the detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity is arranged on stator field Side is kept right at geometric center lines pole shoe tip or pole shoe root keeps left side.

The control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor：In half of rotation period of rotor The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON is d type flip flopOutput signal；D is triggered DeviceSignal input be：Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to D and touched Send out deviceHome position signal end；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；Determining in another half of the rotation period of rotor The logic level control signal of sub- Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON is d type flip flopOutput signal；D type flip flopSignal input be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to d type flip flop Home position signal end；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；The logic of stator excitation winding current turns ON Level controling signal=+。

The control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor：In half of rotation period of rotor, The logic level control signal of its stator excitation winding current turns ON=；At another half of rotor In rotation period, the logic level control signal of its stator excitation winding current turns ON=；It is by d type flip flopThe signal of output, d type flip flopSignal input annexation be：Signal connects To d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalClock Input；D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endConnect Ground；It is by d type flip flopThe signal of output, d type flip flopSignal input annexation be：Letter Number it is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signal's Input end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal end It is grounded；The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON=+。

Comprise the following steps in the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor, the step D： When the ac excitation power supply obtains dephased current signal through R-C capacitance-resistances branch road or R-L inductive branches, dephased currentRelatively It can be adjusted in excitation voltage V phase difference and gain G by R-C capacitance-resistances or R-L inductance parameters；Its electric capacity C or resistance R For adjustable electric perhaps resistance, its inductance L or resistance R are controllable impedance or resistance.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the technical problem proposition is also possible that a kind of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor is low The control device of rotating speed asynchronous operation, it is adaptable to small, miniature the two poles of the earth synchronous motor of U-shaped stator core, including：By blow-up It is the D.C. regulated power supply module of low-voltage direct, PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module, alternating current source electrode to flow power conversion Property detection module, dephased current detection module, the power switching module of stator exciting coil, logic circuit processing module；It is described The input of D.C. regulated power supply module is single phase alternating current power supply, is output as being used for PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module, hands over The low-voltage dc power supply that stream electric power polarity detection module, dephased current detection module and logic circuit processing module are powered；It is described D.C. regulated power supply module carries out resistance-capacitance depressurization to the single phase alternating current power supply by RC loops and obtains dephased current；It is described to move Phase current sensing module obtains dephased current shaping and two complementary logic level signals、, i.e. the first phase shift Current clock signalWith the second dephased current clock signal；The PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module, leads to The sensor for crossing detecting rotor field polarity orientation obtains real-time rotor field polarity, with regard to turning that sensor position is recognized Sub polarity in real time is N poles or S poles, exports two complementary logic level signals、, i.e. the first polarity of the magnetic field signalWith the second polarity of the magnetic field signal；The AC power Check up polarity module, the friendship to being exported from single phase alternating current power supply Flow power supply and carry out shaping two complementary logic level signals of acquisition、, i.e. the first supply voltage clock signalWith second Supply voltage clock signal；The logic circuit processing module, according to above-mentioned signalWith、With、WithPacket carries out the logic level control signal of logical operation output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON；The control letter NumberThe switch control that stator exciting coil power switching module carries out stator exciting coil electric current is input to, it is fixed to be controlled with this The pole change that the magnetic field of sub- magnet exciting coil is produced；The logic circuit processing module carries out the principle of correspondence of signal logic computing For:Electric current in stator exciting coil will make the magnetic direction of stator exciting coil generation and the real-time magnetic field polarity of rotor Match somebody with somebody, the active force of drive rotor operating can be continued by producing.

In the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of the synchronous motor, the PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field The sensor in the detecting rotor field polarity orientation in detection module is hall device.

In the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of the synchronous motor, PM rotor magnetic field pole Property detection module in hall device, be positioned over single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor pole shoe tip or root keep left or right side.

In the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of the synchronous motor, the logic circuit processing module （600）Including：Double D trigger U2, diode D8 and D9, triode Q4, resistance R13 and R14；Wrapped in the double D trigger U2 Include triggerWith；D type flip flopInput annexation be：Signal is connected to d type flip flopData Input；Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；Signal is believed as clock Number it is connected to d type flip flopInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endConnect Ground；D type flip flopInput annexation be：Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；D type flip flopWithIt is output as：Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging； Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is connected respectively to diode D8 and D9 sun Pole；The negative electrode of the diode D8 and D9 is connected and is connected with resistance R13 one end；The resistance R13 other end is connected to crystalline substance Body pipe Q4 base stages；Transistor Q4 grounded emitter；Transistor Q4 colelctor electrode and R14 one end are connected, and the R14 other end is defeated Go out the logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON to stator exciting coil power switching module（700）；I.e.WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, and the stator obtained in the whole speed cycle of electric machine is encouraged The logic level control signal that magnetic winding current is connected=+。

In the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of the synchronous motor, the logic circuit processing module （600）Including：Double D trigger U4, double three inputs and door U3, diode D10 and D11, triode Q5, resistance R15 and R16；Institute Stating double D trigger U4 includes triggerWith；Double three inputs are with having two three inputs and door in door U3With；D type flip flopInput annexation be：Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；D type flip flopInput connect The relation of connecing is：Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；Signal is connected to as clock signal D type flip flopInput end of clock；D type flip flopReset signal endPut with signal Position endIt is grounded；D type flip flopWithIt is output as：Two triggers、Data it is defeated Go out endWithIt is hanging；Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is connected respectively to three inputs and doorWithData input pin；Three inputs and doorTwo other Inputting is respectively、；Three inputs and doorTwo other input be respectively、；Three inputs and door WithData output end be connected respectively to diode D10 and D11 anode；Pass through triggerWith with doorFortune Calculate, obtain the logic level control signal of the stator excitation winding current turns ON in half of speed cycle=；Further through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains another half of speed cycle stator excitation winding The logic level control signal of current turns ON=；The diode D10 is connected with D11 negative electrode Connect and be connected with resistance R15 one end；The resistance R15 other end is connected to transistor Q5 base stages；Transistor Q5 emitter stage connects Ground；Transistor Q5 colelctor electrode and R16 one end are connected, the logic of R16 other end output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON Level controling signal is to stator exciting coil power switching module（700）, i.e.,WithDigital "or" is done again to patrol Computing is collected, the logic level control signal of the stator excitation winding current turns ON in the whole speed cycle of electric machine is obtained=+。

The technical scheme that the present invention solves the technical problem proposition can be that one kind possesses the asynchronous fortune of the stable slow-speed of revolution again The single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor of row performance, including p-m rotor and the stator for being wound with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, in addition to it is any of the above-described The control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor described in.

Compared with the existing technology compared with, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：1st, cost is low：The present invention uses the logic of simple cheap The rotating speed less than synchronous rotational speed for controlling circuit realiration electric machine complicated is controlled, and reduces the cost of deceleration device, Integrated cost is also lower；Therefore the electric machine of the present invention and the low-cost advantage of its control device are obvious；2nd, volume It is small：Electric machine has lacked winding compared to induction conductivity, controls circuit and its simple, therefore the volume of equal power output Can be smaller；Situation about being run after slowing down compared to synchronous motor, due to having lacked deceleration device, volume is also obviously reduced, while can By property also due to having lacked deceleration device and having got a promotion.For synthesis, the present invention is realized single-phase by such control method Low cost, small size, the stabilization of high reliability of magneto are operated under the rotating speed less than synchronous rotational speed, in low power wind It is particularly suitable in fan driving application.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the electric principle logic diagram of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor slow-speed of revolution asynchronous operation control method of the present invention;

Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 are the circuit theory diagrams of first preferred embodiment of the invention；

Wherein Fig. 2 is single phase alternating current power supply 100 of the present invention, D.C. regulated power supply module 200, PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field The circuit theory diagrams of the power switching module 700 of detection module 400 and stator exciting coil；

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of dephased current detection module 300 of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of AC power Check up polarity module 500 of the present invention；

Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of the logic circuit processing module 600 of first preferred embodiment of the invention；

When Fig. 6,7,8,9 are motor slow-speed of revolution asynchronous operations of the present invention, Hall sensor set location schematic diagram；Fig. 6 With 8 in marked rotor CW, that is, turn clockwise direction；Rotor CCW, i.e. rotate counterclockwise direction have been marked in Fig. 7 and 9；

Figure 10 is Hall sensor U6 logic true value table；

Figure 11 is trigger、With、The logic true value table of corresponding input and output pin；

Figure 12 is supply voltage, stator exciting coil electric currentWith electric current after phase shiftRelation between each rotating vector Polar diagram;

When Figure 13 is using circuit is controlled described in first preferred embodiment, in single-phase permanent magnet motor less than synchronous rotational speed During operating, supply voltage, electric current after phase shift, stator exciting coil electric current, patrolling of obtaining of power supply voltage signal shaping Collect level signal the first and second supply voltages clock signalWith, dephased current signal shaping obtain logic level letter Number i.e. the first and second dephased current clock signalsWith, hall device output rotor field polarity logic level Signal is the first and second polarity of the magnetic field signalsWith, trigger output signalWith, stator encourages The logic level control signal that magnetic winding current is connectedBetween timing diagram；

Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Figure 14 constitute the complete circuit theory diagrams of second preferred embodiment of the invention together;Figure 14 is The circuit theory diagrams of the logic circuit processing module 600 of second preferred embodiment of the invention；

When Figure 15 is using circuit is controlled described in the second preferred embodiment, in single-phase permanent magnet motor less than synchronous rotational speed During operating, supply voltage, electric current after phase shift, stator exciting coil electric current, patrolling of obtaining of power supply voltage signal shaping Collect level signal the first and second supply voltages clock signalWith, dephased current signal shaping obtain logic level letter Number i.e. the first and second dephased current clock signalsWith, hall device output rotor field polarity logic level Signal is the first and second polarity of the magnetic field signalsWithAnd door output signalWith, stator excitation The logic level control signal that winding current is connectedBetween timing diagram；

When Figure 16 is the control circuit using first preferred embodiment, operated in single-phase permanent magnet motor in synchronous rotational speed When, supply voltage, electric current after phase shift, stator exciting coil electric current, power supply voltage signal shaping obtain logic electricity Ordinary mail number the first and second supply voltages clock signalWith, the obtained logic level signal of dephased current signal shaping i.e. First and second dephased current clock signalsWith, hall device output rotor field polarity logic level signal That is the first and second polarity of the magnetic field signalsWith, trigger output signalWith, stator excitation around The logic level control signal of group current turns ONBetween timing diagram.

Embodiment

Present disclosure is described in further detail with reference to each accompanying drawing.

The control method of the stable slow-speed of revolution asynchronous operation of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor, comprises the following steps：B. set and detect The sensor in rotor field polarity orientation is surveyed, real-time rotor field polarity is obtained, the rotor that sensor position is recognized Real-time polarity is that there is provided logic level signal i.e. first and second of two complementary representative rotor field polarity for N poles or S poles Polarity of the magnetic field signalWith；C. ac-excited power supply voltage signal is shaped obtains and ac-excited power supply voltage signal Synchronous two complementary logic level signal the first and second supply voltages clock signals with frequencyWith；D. it is ac-excited Power supply obtains dephased current signal through RC resistance-capacitance circuits, and dephased current signal is shaped to obtain synchronous with dephased current signal with frequency Two complementary logic level signals be the first and second dephased current clock signalsWith；E. by the second magnetic field pole Property signal, the first dephased current clock signal, second source voltage clocks signalIt is divided into first group；First magnetic field Polar signal, the second dephased current clock signal, the first supply voltage clock signalIt is divided into second group；It is right respectively Three signals in two groups of signals do digital logical operation, obtain the logic level control letter of stator excitation winding current turns ON Number；Or by the first polarity of the magnetic field signal, the first dephased current clock signal, the first supply voltage clock signal It is divided into first group；Second polarity of the magnetic field signal, the second dephased current clock signal, second source voltage clocks signalIt is divided into second group；Respectively three signals in two groups of signals are done with digital logical operation, stator excitation winding electric current is obtained and connects Logical logic level control signal；The digital logical operation principle of correspondence is:Stator exciting coil current controling signal controls stator The switch of field coil current so that magnetic direction and the real-time magnetic field polarities match of rotor that stator exciting coil is produced, production It is raw to continue the active force of drive rotor operating.

Comprise the following steps in step D：The ac excitation power supply is obtained through R-C capacitance-resistances branch road or R-L inductive branches During dephased current signal, dephased currentPhase difference and gain G relative to excitation voltage V can pass through R-C capacitance-resistances or R-L Inductance parameters are adjusted；Its electric capacity C or resistance R is adjustable electric perhaps resistance, and its inductance L or resistance R are controllable impedance or electricity Resistance.

It is further comprising the steps of before step B：From the single-phase alternating current potential source V warps for driving the motor asynchronous operation Decompression, shaping, obtain the low-voltage source of stable pressure Vcc for controlling circuit.

The control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of described synchronous motor：In the case of CW is rotated clockwise, institute The sensor for stating detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity is arranged on stator field geometric center lines and keeps left one away from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection one end Side is kept right side close to Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection one end；In the case of CCW is rotated counterclockwise, the detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity Sensor is arranged on stator field geometric center lines keep right side or close Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection one end away from Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection one end Keep left side.

A kind of control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor, it is adaptable to U-shaped stator core it is small, miniature The two poles of the earth synchronous motor, including single phase alternating current power supply 100 is transformed to D.C. regulated power supply module 200, the permanent magnetism of low-voltage direct Body rotor field Check up polarity module 400, AC power Check up polarity module 500, dephased current detection module 300, stator are encouraged The power switching module 700 of magnetic coil, logic circuit processing module 600；The input of the D.C. regulated power supply module 200 is single Cross streams power supply 100, is output as being used for PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module 400, AC power Check up polarity module 500th, the low-voltage dc power supply that dephased current detection module 300 and logic circuit processing module 600 are powered；The DC voltage-stabilizing electricity Source module 200 carries out resistance-capacitance depressurization to the single phase alternating current power supply 100 by RC loops and obtains dephased current.

Dephased current shaping is obtained the logic with two complementary dephased currents by the dephased current detection module 300 Level signal、, i.e. the first dephased current clock signalWith the second dephased current clock signal。

The PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module 400, is obtained by the sensor for detecting rotor field polarity orientation Real-time rotor field polarity is obtained, the real-time polarity of rotor recognized with regard to sensor position is N poles or S poles, exports two Complementary logic level signal、, i.e. the first polarity of the magnetic field signalWith the second polarity of the magnetic field signal。

The AC power Check up polarity module 500, shaping is carried out to the AC power exported from single phase alternating current power supply 100 Obtain two complementary logic level signals、, i.e. the first supply voltage clock signalWith second source voltage clocks letter Number。

The logic circuit processing module 600, according to above-mentioned signalWith、With、WithPacket Carry out the logic level control signal of logical operation output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON；The control signalThrough fixed The control end for the bidirectional thyristor that sub- magnet exciting coil power switching module 700 is input to carries out the switch of stator exciting coil electric current Control, the pole change that the magnetic field of stator exciting coil is produced is controlled with this.

The principle of correspondence that the logic circuit processing module 600 carries out signal logic computing is:In stator exciting coil Electric current will make the magnetic direction of stator exciting coil generation and the real-time magnetic field polarities match of rotor, and drive rotor can be continued by producing The active force of operating.

The sensor in the detecting rotor field polarity orientation in the PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module 400 is suddenly That device.

Hall device in the PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module 400, is positioned over single-phase permanent magnetic synchronous electronic The pole shoe tip of machine or root keep left or right side.

The logic circuit processing module 600 includes：Double D trigger U2, diode D8 and D9, triode Q4, resistance R13 And R14；The double D trigger U2 includes triggerWith；

D type flip flopSignal input be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；

D type flip flopSignal input be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection.

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging；

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is connected respectively to diode D8 With D9 anode.

The negative electrode of the diode D8 and D9 is connected and is connected with resistance R13 one end；Resistance R13 other end connection To transistor Q4 base stages；Transistor Q4 grounded emitter；Transistor Q4 colelctor electrode and R14 one end are connected, and R14's is another The logic level control signal of output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON is held to stator exciting coil power switching module 700；I.e.WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, and the stator obtained in the whole speed cycle of electric machine is encouraged The logic level control signal that magnetic winding current is connected=+。

The logic circuit processing module 600 can also include：Double D trigger U4, double three inputs and door U3, diode D10 and D11, triode Q5, resistance R15 and R16；The double D trigger U4 includes triggerWith；Double three is defeated Enter with having two three inputs and door in door U3With；

D type flip flopSignal input annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

D type flip flopSignal input annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging；

Two triggers、Data output endWithBe connected respectively to three inputs with DoorWithData input pin；

Three inputs and doorTwo other input be respectively、；

Three inputs and doorWithData output end be connected respectively to diode D10 and D11 anode；

Pass through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains the magnetic pole control signal in half of speed cycle =；

Further through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains another half of speed cycle magnetic pole control signal =；

The negative electrode of the diode D10 and D11 is connected and is connected with resistance R15 one end；The resistance R15 other end connects It is connected to transistor Q5 base stages；Transistor Q5 grounded emitter；Transistor Q5 colelctor electrode and R16 one end are connected, and R16's is another The logic level control signal of one end output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON to stator exciting coil power switching module 700, I.e.WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, obtains the stator in the whole speed cycle of electric machine The logic level control signal of Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON=+。

The logic circuit processing module 600, including the microcontroller for logical operation；The input of the microcontroller Signal is、、With、、, and rotor speed signal；Or the input signal of the microcontroller is、、And、、, and rotor speed signal；It is output as patrolling for stator excitation winding current turns ON Collect level controling signal；The logic level control of the input signal of the microcontroller and the stator excitation winding current turns ON of output The sequential relationship principle of correspondence of signal processed is:So that magnetic direction and the real-time magnetic field polarity of rotor that stator exciting coil is produced Matching, the active force of drive rotor operating can be continued by producing.

A kind of single-phase permanent-magnet motor, including p-m rotor 800 and the stator 900 for being wound with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection, its feature exist In, in addition to the control device operated less than synchronous rotational speed described in any of the above-described.

As shown in the circuit theory diagrams of Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 first preferred embodiment of the invention：It is described from single phase ac The driving voltage that power supply 100 is inputted is first passed through after R1, C1 resistance-capacitance depressurization in D.C. regulated power supply module 200, then shaped two Pole pipe D1 half-wave shapings, obtain dc source on C2, C3, then by R3 current limlitings through voltage-regulator diode D5 voltage stabilizings, electric capacity C4, Basic low-voltage DC voltage-stabilizing power Vcc is obtained on C5, the direct current driving power supply of control circuit is used as；Wherein C2, C3, C4, C5 As filter capacitor, R2 is as current limiting safeguard resistor, and D2 is dephased current reverse conduction diodes.

D3 negative electrodes in the dephased current detection module 300 are connected at end points CC, work as dephased currentFlowed to by R2 During R1 directions, D3 conductings, transistor Q2 base stage has electric current forward conduction, then has high potential logic level in Q2 colelctor electrode Obtained at " 1 ", i.e. end points CC2The real-time level of signal is logic level " 1 ", and the input of U1A the 1st pin has logic Level " 1 ", then the output end of U1A the 2nd pin reverser have at logic level " 0 ", i.e. end points CC1 obtainSignal is real When level be logic level " 0 "；When dephased current is reverse, it can obtain what is obtained at end points CC2The real-time level of signal For logic level " 0 ", obtained at end points CC1The real-time level of signal is logic level " 1 ", and the sequential of signal is referring to figure 13.Wherein R6 effect is to ensure that Q2 reliably ends, and voltage-stabiliser tube D6 is that the input voltage for the 1st pin for limiting U1A must be less than Vcc Voltage, R8 is pull down resistor.

The AC power Check up polarity module 500, when AC power is in positive half cycle, electric current flows to AC2 by AC1, By R9 current limlitings, D4 conductings, transistor Q3 base stage has electric current forward conduction, then has high potential logic level in Q3 colelctor electrode " 1 ", i.e.,The real-time level of signal is logic level " 1 ", and the input of U1B the 3rd pin has logic level " 1 ", then reverser U1B the 4th pin output has logic level " 0 ", i.e.,The real-time level of signal is logic level " 0 "；When AC power is reverse, D4 ends,The real-time level of signal is logic level " 0 ",The real-time level of signal is logic level " 1 ", and the sequential of signal is joined See Figure 13.Wherein R10 effects are to ensure that Q3 reliably ends, and voltage-stabiliser tube D7 is that the input voltage for the 3rd pin for limiting U1B must be less than Vcc voltage, R12 is pull down resistor.

The PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module 400 obtains the real-time magnetic field of rotor 800 by Hall element U6 Polar signalWith, when detecting rotor field for N poles, U6 the 2nd pin isThe real-time level of signal is to patrol Level " 0 " is collected, then reverser U1C the 6th pin isThe real-time level of signal is logic level " 1 "；When detecting rotor magnetic When field is S poles,The logic level of the real-time level of signal is " 1 ",The real-time level of signal is that logic level is “0”.Wherein R4 is pull-up resistor.

The position reference picture 6,7,8 and 9 that Hall element U6 is put, rotor magnetic pole polarity sensor is that Hall sensor is placed Keep left or right side, the sensor could be arranged to movable setting, dial in the pole shoe tip of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor or root It is dynamic to keep left or keep right, while being matched with the magnet exciting coil mode of connection, thus it is possible to vary direction of motor rotation.

Figure 10 is Hall sensor U6 logic true value table；Hall element U6 in Fig. 6 is one in the case of stationary rotor Surely the polarity of the magnetic field of left rotor is checked, Fig. 6 rotors are operated in the direction of the clock less than synchronous rotational speed, synchronous rotational speed operating Counterclockwise；Hall element U6 in Fig. 7 must check the magnetic field pole of right rotor in the case of stationary rotor Property, less than synchronous rotational speed operating counterclockwise, synchronous rotational speed is operated in the direction of the clock Fig. 7 rotors.

Described stator exciting coil one end is connected to bidirectional thyristor Q1 T2 pin, the stator exciting coil other end and AC2 It is connected；As shown in figure 13, by the requirement of putting of Fig. 6 Hall sensors, t0 to t2 periods, magnetic coil is produced in left side stator Magnetic field must be S poles, and the magnetic field that stator is produced on right side must be N poles；T2 is to the t4 periods, and magnetic coil is in the generation of left side stator Magnetic field must be N poles, on right side stator produce magnetic field must be S poles.By the requirement of putting of Fig. 7 Hall sensors, t0 is extremely T2 periods, magnet exciting coil must be N poles in the magnetic field that left side stator is produced, and the magnetic field that stator is produced on right side is S poles;T2 is extremely T4 periods, magnet exciting coil must be S poles in the magnetic field that left side stator is produced, and the magnetic field that stator is produced on right side is N poles；Such as The polarity of the magnetic field that fruit stator exciting coil is produced is not inconsistent with requirement, it is necessary to changes the terminals of magnet exciting coil, reaches and require Unanimously.

As shown in Figure 5:Access the first polarity of the magnetic field signal,Access the first power supply electricity Press clock signal,Access the second dephased current clock signal,Connect reference point of potential " 0 ",It is connected with D8 anode；Access the second polarity of the magnetic field signal,Access the Two supply voltage clock signals,Access the first dephased current clock signal,Connection ginseng Potential point " 0 " is examined,It is connected with D9 anode；WithAndWithLogic true value table such as Shown in Figure 11.

Diode D8 and D9 constitute OR circuit, and diode D8 and D9 negative electrode are connected and connected with resistance R13 one end Connect；The resistance R13 other end is connected to transistor Q4 base stages, by signalAccessed from Q4 base stage；Transistor Q4 transmitting Pole is grounded；Transistor Q4 colelctor electrode and R14 one end are connected, R14 other end connection end point TRIAC, that is, two-way crystalline substance Brake tube Q1 grid is G poles, directly controls Q1 switch, i.e. the other end output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON of R14 is patrolled Level controling signal is collected to stator exciting coil power switching module 700.

I.e. above-mentioned diode D8 and D9 and interlock circuit willWithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, Obtain the logic level control signal of the stator excitation winding current turns ON in the whole speed cycle of electric machine=+。

Figure 13 gives and operates at three in control device control single-phase permanent magnet motor described in first preferred embodiment/ Each signal timing diagram during one synchronous rotational speed.

In the first preferred embodiment：The position description put with Fig. 6 Hall sensor, i.e. Hall sensor are positioned over Pole shoe tip keeps left side；

As shown in Figure 13 timing diagrams：

T0 moment, signalThere is a rising edge, the polarity of the magnetic field that now Hall sensor detects rotor is S poles, thenSignal logic level is " 0 ",Logic level be " 0 ", it can be seen from U2A logic true value table, nowLogic level " 1 " is exported, by D8, R13 driving Q4 conductings, then turns on Q1 through R14, magnet exciting coil is from close to t0 Moment adds AC power U_net, the magnetic field for producing left side stator is S poles, and the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is N poles, stator Magnetic field and the magnetic field of rotor are on the contrary, drive rotor rotates；

The t1 moment,Logic level " 1 " is changed into from " 0 ", nowOutput is changed into " 0 ", then Q4 ends, Q1 G poles driving current be zero, due to magnet exciting coil have operating current keep Q1 continue turn on；

The t2 moment,There is a rising edge, now Hall sensor detects polarity of the magnetic field or the S poles of rotor, thenLogic level be " 1 ", this momentLogic level be " 0 ", it can be seen from U2B logic true value table, nowLogic level " 0 " is exported, Q4 cut-offs, Q1 is closed after the current over-zero of magnet exciting coil；

The t3 moment,Logic level be changed into " 0 " from " 1 "；

T4 moment, signalThere is a rising edge, the polarity of the magnetic field that now Hall sensor detects rotor is still S poles, ThenSignal logic level is " 0 ",Logic level be " 0 ", it can be seen from U2A logic true value table, nowLogic level " 1 " is exported, Q4, Q1 conducting, magnet exciting coil add AC power U from close to the t4 moment_net, make left side The magnetic field that stator is produced is S poles, and the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is that N poles, the magnetic field of stator and the magnetic field of rotor turn on the contrary, promoting Son rotation；

The t5 moment,Logic level " 1 " is changed into from " 0 ", nowOutput is changed into " 0 ", then Q4 ends, Q1 G poles driving current be zero, due to magnet exciting coil have operating current keep Q1 continue turn on；

The t6 moment,There is a rising edge, now Hall sensor detects the polarity of the magnetic field of rotor and is reversed to N poles, thenLogic level be " 0 ", this momentLogic level be " 0 ", it can be seen from U2B logic true value table, nowLogic level " 1 " is exported, Q4 conductings, Q1 maintenances conducting, the magnetic field of generation produces reversion, and stator is produced in left side Raw magnetic field is N poles, and the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is S poles;

The t7 moment,Logic level " 1 " is changed into from " 0 ", nowOutput is changed into " 0 ", then Q4 ends, Q1 G poles driving current be zero, due to magnet exciting coil have operating current keep Q1 continue turn on；One has been completed since then Control process in power cycle.

In above process, if the t2 moment, the polarity of the magnetic field that Hall sensor detects rotor is N poles,Clock arteries and veins Punching has a rising edge,Logic level be " 0 ", this momentLogic level be " 0 ", according to U2B logic true value Knowable to table, nowLogic level " 1 " is exported, then Q4 is turned on, continue to trigger Q1, current over-zeros of the Q1 in magnet exciting coil Afterwards, the sense of current conversion of magnet exciting coil, the magnetic field that left side stator is produced is N poles, and the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is S poles, Continue to act on rotor.

Comprise the following steps in first preferred embodiment：

1st, PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field signal is obtained by Hall element U6 in real time in specified location, with patrolling for its output It is S poles or N poles that volume true value " 1 " or " 0 ", which represent the PM rotor to close on the sensing device position moment, that is, is exported First polarity of the magnetic field signalWith the second polarity of the magnetic field signal；

2nd, AC power polar signal is obtained, two groups of clock signals anti-phase each other are obtained after shaping, is the first electricity respectively Source voltage clocks signalWith second source voltage clocks signal；

3rd, the signal of dephased current is obtained, two groups of clock signals anti-phase each other are obtained after shaping, are the first phase shift respectively Current clock signalWith the second dephased current clock signal；

4th, become a full member half cycle zero crossing " t0 " phase point moment and by just half turnover negative half period mistake by negative half period in AC power Whether the polarity of the magnetic field that zero point " t2 " the phase point moment judges p-m rotor is consistent with the requirement set, opens double if consistent It is inconsistent to thyristor switch, it is not turned on；

5th, dephased current signal is introduced, then ensure that and open the time point of bidirectional thyristor each time all in AC power " t0 to t1 " or " in t2 to t3 " time ranges, it is all zero cross fired that Reliable guarantee bidirectional thyristor is triggered each time.

Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5 constitute the complete circuit theory diagrams of first preferred embodiment of the invention together；Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Figure 14 constitute the complete circuit theory diagrams of the second preferred embodiment of invention together.

Such as the circuit theory diagrams of the logic circuit processing module 600 of Figure 14 second preferred embodiment of the invention；It is excellent second Select in embodiment, the circuit theory diagrams of other parts are identical with first preferred embodiment.

The logic circuit processing module 600 includes：Double D trigger U4, it is double three input with door U3, diode D10 and D11, triode Q5, resistance R15 and R16；The double D trigger U4 includes triggerWith；Double three inputs and door There are two three inputs and door in U3With；

D type flip flopSignal input annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

D type flip flopSignal input annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging；

Three inputs and doorTwo other input be respectively、；

Pass through triggerWith with doorComputing, the stator excitation winding electric current obtained in half of speed cycle connects Logical logic level control signal=；

Further through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains the stator excitation winding electricity in another half of speed cycle Flow the logic level control signal connected=；

Diode D10 and D11 constitute OR circuit, the negative electrode of the diode D10 and D11 be connected and with resistance R15 One end connection；The resistance R15 other end is connected to transistor Q5 base stages；Transistor Q5 grounded emitter；Transistor Q5's Colelctor electrode and R16 one end connection, the logic level control signal of R16 other end output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON are arrived Stator exciting coil power switching module 700, i.e.,WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, is obtained single-phase The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON in the whole speed cycle of magneto=+。

Figure 15 gives and operates at three in control device control single-phase permanent magnet motor described in the second preferred embodiment/ Each signal timing diagram during one synchronous rotational speed.

In the second preferred embodiments：The position description put with Fig. 6 Hall sensor, i.e. Hall sensor are positioned over Pole shoe tip keeps left side；

As shown in Figure 15 timing diagrams, the t1 moment, at end points CC1The clock pulses of signal has a rising edge, The polarity of the magnetic field that now Hall sensor detects rotor is S poles, then at end points SN1The logic level of signal is " 1 ", According toLogic true value table understand, nowLogic level " 0 " is exported, i.e.,Export logic level " 0 ", Q4, Q1 cut-off, magnet exciting coil no current passes through, and rotor keeps original state；

When the t3 moment, at end points CC2Signal clock pulse has a rising edge, and now rotor condition is constant, The polarity of the magnetic field that Hall sensor detects rotor is still S poles, then at end points SN2The logic level of signal is " 0 ", root According toLogic true value table understand, nowLogic level " 1 " is exported, now8th pin input logic electricity Flat " 1 ",The 1st pin input signalLogic level is also " 1 ",The 2nd pin input signalLogic level is " 0 ", according toLogic true value table understand- 9 output logic levels " 0 ", Q4, Q1 cut-off, magnet exciting coil no current leads to Cross, rotor keeps original state；

At the t4 moment, end points RC2Signal logic level is changed into " 1 " from " 0 ", nowThe input of 2nd pin is patrolled Level " 1 " is collected, this momentThree equal input logic levels of pin " 1 ", according toLogic true value table understand 9 pins output logic level " 1 ", Q4, Q1 conducting, magnet exciting coil access power supply U from the t4 moment_net, the magnetic that left side stator is produced Field is S poles, and the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is N poles, the magnetic field of stator and the magnetic field of rotor on the contrary, drive rotor rotates；

The t5 moment,The logic level of signal is changed into " 0 " from " 1 " simultaneously, thenThe 9th pin output " 0 ", Q4 cut Only, Q1 G pin and the driving current of grid are zero, but magnet exciting coil has had electric current to continue to conducting；This moment, hall sensing The polarity of the magnetic field that device detects rotor generates and is reversed to N poles, at end points CC1The clock pulses of signal has a rising At edge, end points SN1The logic level of signal is " 0 ", according toLogic true value table understand, nowIt is defeated Go out logic level " 1 ",5 pins-input logic level " 1 ",The 3rd pin inputLogic power signal Flat " 1 ",The 4th pin inputSignal logic level is " 0 ", then the t5 moment,The 6th pin output logic electricity Flat " 0 "；

When the t6 moment,Signal logic level switchs to " 1 " by " 0 ", thenThe 3rd, 4,5 pin input logics electricity Flat is all " 1 ", according toLogic true value table understandThe 6th pin output logic level " 1 ", then Q4 turn on, continue Q1 is triggered, Q1 is after the current over-zero of magnet exciting coil, the sense of current conversion of magnet exciting coil, and the magnetic field that left side stator is produced is N poles, the magnetic field that right side stator is produced is S poles, continues to act on rotor.

The t7 moment,The 3rd pin inputSignal logic level is changed into " 0 " from " 1 ", thenThe 6th pipe Pin output logic level " 0 ", Q4 cut-offs, Q1 G pin and the driving current of grid are zero, but magnet exciting coil has had electric current continuation Maintain conducting；The control process in a power cycle is completed since then.

Comprise the following steps in second preferred embodiment：

4th, dephased current signal by just half turnover negative half period zero crossing " t1 " phase point moment and dephased current signal by Negative half period half cycle zero crossing " t3 " phase point moment of becoming a full member judges whether the polarity of the magnetic field of p-m rotor is consistent with the requirement set, Bidirectional thyristor switch is opened if consistent, it is inconsistent, it is not turned on；

5th, ac supply signal is introduced, then ensure that and open the time point of bidirectional thyristor each time all in AC power " t2 to t3 " or " in t4 to t5 " time ranges, it is all that zero passage is touched that such Reliable guarantee bidirectional thyristor is triggered each time Hair.

In above-mentioned two preferred embodiment, the logic circuit processing module 600 or for logical operation Microcontroller；The input signal of the microcontroller is the second polarity of the magnetic field signal, the first dephased current clock signal, second source voltage clocks signalWith the first polarity of the magnetic field signal, the second dephased current clock signal, One supply voltage clock signal, and tach signal；Or the input signal of the microcontroller is the first polarity of the magnetic field signal, the first dephased current clock signal, the first supply voltage clock signalWith the second polarity of the magnetic field signal, Two dephased current clock signals, second source voltage clocks signal, and tach signal；Be output as stator excitation around The logic level control signal of group current turns ON；

The logic level control of two groups of input signals of the microcontroller and the stator excitation winding current turns ON of output SignalThe sequential relationship principle of correspondence be:According to Hall element output level change sequentialOrObtain real-time Rotor field polarity, the logic level control signal of output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ONControl stator exciting coil The sense of current so that the magnetic field that stator excitation winding is produced is matched with rotor field；Indicate that upset point is crossed in magnetic field in Hall element Before, i.e. Hall element indication signalFor " 1 "During for " 0 ", by digital logical operation, half of speed cycle is obtained Interior stator excitation winding current controling signal；After upset point is crossed in polarity of the magnetic field signal designation magnetic field, i.e., It is interval namely for " 0 "During for " 1 ", in order to maintain the direction of motion before PM rotor continues to operate, single-phase permanent electricity The stator excitation winding of machine needs to obtain and the reverse current excitation of preceding half of speed cycle, it is ensured that the stator of electric machine The FR that Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection is produced；Stator excitation winding current controling signal in another half of speed cycle is；

The above-mentioned control signal obtained respectivelyWithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, is obtained single-phase The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON in the whole speed cycle of magneto；Bidirectional thyristor In control signalControl under, in ac-excited current zero-crossing point change every time, according to corresponding to current PM rotor Position and the positive and negative excitation requirement of voltage required for holding rotation direction, export positive or negative voltage so that stator exciting coil is produced The suitable magnetic field in direction.

In above-mentioned each preferred embodiment, if the power of single-phase permanent magnet motor output is more than or equal to load run-in synchronism During required power, by the effect in several similar cycles, rotor reaches that balance just can be synchronous with run-in synchronism with load The direction of operating is then with asynchronous low speed rotation direction on the contrary, now supply voltage, electric current after phase shift, stator exciting coil Electric current, the logic level of rotor field polarity, the sequential relationship of U2A and U2B output pins and D8-D9 output pins see Figure 16.

In above-mentioned each preferred embodiment, if the power of single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor is less than needed for load run-in synchronism Power when, two kinds of situations are had according to the difference of load characteristic：

1st, when the power of single-phase permanent magnet motor output is less than the power needed for load is maintained at less than synchronous rotational speed operating, when When bidirectional thyristor Q1 is closed, the magnetic fields that field coil is produced are in rotor, but due to single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor power Not enough, rotor can not enter synchronous regime, and Q1 is just often closed, when Q1 is closed, and rotor is under the tying down of load and quiet There may be the operating opposite with original rotation direction in the presence of magnetic field, continue to act on rotor when Q1 is closed, thus It can not be run well in round vibration；

2nd, when the power of single-phase permanent magnet motor output is more than the power needed for load is maintained at less than synchronous rotational speed operating, warp The effect in several above-mentioned similar cycles is crossed, the active force that rotor banding dynamic load departs from magnetostatic field can be rotated, when double In the case of being closed to IGCT Q1, rotor can continue to operate by original direction in the presence of load inertia, when Q1 closures The magnetic field that field coil is produced afterwards can continue to act on rotor again, make rotor continue to obtain driving force, but due to single-phase permanent magnet The power of motor output is less than the power needed for load run-in synchronism, and rotor can not reach synchronous rotational speed, but can stablize one Operated in the individual speed less than synchronous rotational speed.The direction of low-speed running and run-in synchronism it is in opposite direction.

Timing diagram during low-speed running is referring to Figure 13 and Figure 15;It is supply voltage as shown in figure 12, stator excitation line Loop currentWith electric current after phase shiftThe polar diagram of relation between each rotating vector;It is the electricity of the electric machine Source voltage oscillogram；It is the dephased current oscillogram after the electric capacity C1 phase shifts, the dephased current i after the phase shift_c1Phase For the supply voltageAdvanced α angles are wanted, α angles are relevant with R1 and C1 parameter value size；It is described single-phase The excitation current waveform figure of the stator exciting coil of permanent-magnet synchronous electric motor, the exciting currentRelative to the supply voltageFall behind β angles, be varied from situation that this β angle can be when the single-phase permanent magnet motor real work is different.Through Cross numerous experiments to verify repeatedly, technical solution of the present invention is all reliably according to the direction of setting stable less than under synchronous rotational speed Operating.Key componentses involved by embodiment one and two of the present invention are listed as follows：

Embodiment described above only expresses the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it describes more specific and detailed, but Therefore the limitation to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as;It should be appreciated that for the ordinary skill people of this area For member, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the present invention's Protection domain;Therefore, all equivalents done with scope of the invention as claimed and modification, all should belong to right of the present invention will The covering scope asked.

Claims

1. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor, it is adaptable to which small, miniature the two poles of the earth of U-shaped stator core are same Motor is walked, is comprised the following steps：

B., the sensor of detecting PM rotor polarity is set at stator pole shoes one, and obtaining real-time rotor field polarity at this is N poles or the logic level signal of S poles, and set=1 is that rotor N poles are gone to herein, conversely,=0 is rotor S poles Go to herein；The logic level signalLogic inverting, i.e.," non-" signal, be denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first and second polarity of the magnetic field signals；

C. the single-phase alternating current potential source for driving the motor asynchronous operation is denoted as V, the shaped acquisition of its voltage signal is therewith The logic level signal of same frequency same-phase, concurrently set=1 represents voltage source V instantaneous value v ＞ 0, conversely, electric Potential source V level signal=0 represents instantaneous value v ＜ 0；The logic level signalLogic inverting, i.e.," non-" Signal, is denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first and second supply voltage clock signals；

D. the single-phase alternating current potential source V obtains dephased current through R-C capacitance-resistances branch road or R-L inductive branches, the dephased current SignalThe shaped logic level signal for obtaining same frequency same-phase therewith, while and setting=1 represents electric currentInstantaneous value＞ 0, conversely,=0 represents instantaneous value＜ 0；The logic level signalLogical inverse Drill, i.e.," non-" signal, be denoted as；Respectively willWithReferred to as the first and second dephased current clock signals；

E. by logic level signal、、Three is summarized as first group；Again by logic level signal、、 Three is summarized as second group；Binary digit logical operation is done to three logic level signals in foregoing two groups of signals respectively, To obtain the logic level control signal for whether allowing stator winding to continue excitation and connecting voltage source V immediately;

Or by signal、WithThree is summarized as first group；Signal、 WithThree is summarized as second Group；Binary digit logical operation is done to three signals in two groups of signals respectively, whether allows stator winding to continue to obtain Excitation and the logic level control signal for connecting voltage source V immediately;

The corresponding rule of digital logical operation is set to:The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON=1 When, stator excitation winding is applied in voltage source V immediately, don't fail to now cause the magnetic direction that stator excitation winding is produced with turning The real-time magnetic field polarities match of son, to produce the active force that driving rotor is rotated further according to original direction；Otherwise, signal= 0, stator excitation winding is cut off voltage source V, and rotor is rotated further by inertia by former direction.

2. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

There is step A. from the single-phase alternating current potential source V of the motor asynchronous operation is driven through drop before the step B. Pressure, shaping, obtain the low-voltage source of stable pressure Vcc for controlling circuit.

3. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In the case of CW is rotated clockwise, the sensor of the detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity is arranged on stator field geometric center Line pole shoe tip keeps left side or pole shoe root is kept right side；

In the case of CCW is rotated counterclockwise, the sensor of the detecting rotor permanent magnet polarity is arranged in stator field geometry Side is kept right at heart line pole shoe tip or pole shoe root keeps left side.

4. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON in half of rotation period of rotor is d type flip flopOutput signal；

D type flip flopSignal input be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；

The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON in another half of the rotation period of rotor is d type flip flopOutput signal；

D type flip flopSignal input be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；

The logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON=+。

5. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

In half of rotation period of rotor, the logic level control signal of its stator excitation winding current turns ON=；

In another half of rotation period of rotor, the logic level control signal of its stator excitation winding current turns ON=；

It is by d type flip flopThe signal of output, d type flip flopSignal input annexation be：Letter Number it is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

6. the control method of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：

Comprise the following steps in the step D：The single-phase alternating current potential source is obtained through R-C capacitance-resistances branch road or R-L inductive branches During dephased current signal, dephased currentPhase difference and gain G relative to excitation voltage can pass through R-C capacitance-resistances or R-L electricity Sense parameter is adjusted；Its electric capacity C or resistance R is adjustable electric perhaps resistance, and its inductance L or resistance R are controllable impedance or resistance.

7. a kind of control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor, it is adaptable to small, miniature the two of U-shaped stator core Pole synchronous motor, it is characterised in that including：

Single phase alternating current power supply (100) is transformed to D.C. regulated power supply module (200), the PM rotor magnetic field pole of low-voltage direct Property detection module (400), AC power Check up polarity module (500), dephased current detection module (300), stator exciting coil Power switching module (700), logic circuit processing module (600)；

The input of the D.C. regulated power supply module (200) is single phase alternating current power supply (100), is output as being used for PM rotor magnetic Field Check up polarity module (400), AC power Check up polarity module (500), dephased current detection module (300) and logic circuit The low-voltage dc power supply of processing module (600) power supply；The D.C. regulated power supply module (200) is by RC loops to described single-phase AC power (100) carries out resistance-capacitance depressurization and obtains dephased current；

Dephased current shaping is obtained two complementary logic level signals by the dephased current detection module (300)、, i.e. the first dephased current clock signalWith the second dephased current clock signal；

The PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module (400), is obtained by the sensor for detecting rotor field polarity orientation Real-time rotor field polarity, the real-time polarity of rotor recognized with regard to sensor position is N poles or S poles, exports two mutually The logic level signal of benefit、, i.e. the first polarity of the magnetic field signalWith the second polarity of the magnetic field signal；

The AC power Check up polarity module (500), shaping is carried out to the AC power exported from single phase alternating current power supply (100) Obtain two complementary logic level signals、, i.e. the first supply voltage clock signalWith second source voltage clocks letter Number；

The logic circuit processing module（600）, according to above-mentioned signalWith、With、WithBe grouped into The logic level control signal of row logical operation output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON；The control signalIt is input to Stator exciting coil power switching module（700）The switch control of stator exciting coil electric current is carried out, stator excitation is controlled with this The pole change that the magnetic field of coil is produced；

The logic circuit processing module（600）Carry out signal logic computing the principle of correspondence be:Electricity in stator exciting coil Stream will make the magnetic direction of stator exciting coil generation and the real-time magnetic field polarities match of rotor, and drive rotor fortune can be continued by producing The active force turned.

8. the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：

The sensor in the detecting rotor field polarity orientation in the PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module (400) is Hall Device；

Hall device in the PM rotor polarity of the magnetic field detection module (400), is positioned over single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor Pole shoe tip or root keep left or right side.

9. the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：

The logic circuit processing module（600）Including：Double D trigger U2, diode D8 and D9, triode Q4, resistance R13 and R14；The double D trigger U2 includes triggerWith；

D type flip flopInput annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；

D type flip flopInput annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flopHome position signal end；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endGround connection；

D type flip flopWithIt is output as：

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging；

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is connected respectively to diode D8 and D9 Anode；

The negative electrode of the diode D8 and D9 is connected and is connected with resistance R13 one end；The resistance R13 other end is connected to crystalline substance Body pipe Q4 base stages；Transistor Q4 grounded emitter；Transistor Q4 colelctor electrode and R14 one end are connected, and the R14 other end is defeated Go out the logic level control signal of stator excitation winding current turns ON to stator exciting coil power switching module（700）；I.e.WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, and the stator obtained in the whole speed cycle of electric machine is encouraged The logic level control signal that magnetic winding current is connected=+。

10. the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of synchronous motor according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：

The logic circuit processing module（600）Including：Double D trigger U4, it is double three input with door U3, diode D10 and D11, Triode Q5, resistance R15 and R16；The double D trigger U4 includes triggerWith；In double three inputs and door U3 There are two three inputs and doorWith；

D type flip flopInput annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

D type flip flopInput annexation be：

Signal is connected to d type flip flopData input pin；

Signal is connected to d type flip flop as clock signalInput end of clock；

D type flip flopReset signal endWith home position signal endIt is grounded；

D type flip flopWithIt is output as：

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is hanging；

Two triggers、Data output endWithIt is connected respectively to three inputs and doorWithData input pin；

Three inputs and doorTwo other input be respectively、；

Pass through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains the stator excitation winding current turns ON in half of speed cycle Logic level control signal=；

Further through triggerWith with doorComputing, obtains another half of speed cycle stator excitation winding current turns ON Logic level control signal=；

The negative electrode of the diode D10 and D11 is connected and is connected with resistance R15 one end；The resistance R15 other end is connected to Transistor Q5 base stages；Transistor Q5 grounded emitter；Transistor Q5 colelctor electrode and R16 one end are connected, the R16 other end The logic level control signal of output stator Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection current turns ON is to stator exciting coil power switching module（700）, i.e.,WithDigital "or" logical operation is done again, and the stator obtained in the whole speed cycle of electric machine is encouraged The logic level control signal that magnetic winding current is connected=+。

11. a kind of single-phase permanent-magnet motor, including p-m rotor（800）With the stator for being wound with Exciting Windings for Transverse Differential Protection（900）, its feature It is, includes the control device of the asynchronous slow-speed of revolution stable operation of the synchronous motor described in any one of claim 7 to 10.