CN104979823B - An Optimal Decision-Making Method for Safe and Stable On-Line Preventive Control Based on Multi-level Scheduling Coordination of Power Grid - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a safe and stable online preventive control optimization decision-making method for multi-level dispatch coordination of a power grid, and belongs to the technical field of power system dispatch operation control. The present invention aims at intertwining safety and stability issues in large power grids, and combines the operation control mode of multi-level control centers, and proposes that each control center at each level is based on the control center and its direct subordinate control center, the direct superior control center and its direct subordinate The online operation mode of the power grid including the control center and the candidate preventive control measures are used to conduct safety and stability online evaluation of the fault sets directly defended; the influence factors of the coordinated defense of the control centers at all levels are introduced to calculate the control performance comprehensive indicators of the preventive control candidate measures. Carry out the calculation of preventive control optimization measures for the fault sets directly defended; check the safety and stability of the merged preventive control optimization measures, and through iterations, multi-level scheduling coordination can be realized. Safe and stable online preventive control optimization decision-making.

Description

An Optimal Decision-Making Method for Safe and Stable On-Line Preventive Control Based on Multi-level Scheduling Coordination of Power Grid

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of power system scheduling operation control. More precisely, the invention relates to an online prevention control optimization decision-making method suitable for multi-level scheduling cooperative defense, safety and stability in large power grids.

Background technique

Due to the large number of components in the large power grid and the wide geographical distribution, a multi-level control center is usually set up to control and manage the dispatching operation of the large power grid. The large power grid has the advantage of large-scale power transmission, but the safety and stability characteristics are relatively complicated. There are large-scale safety and stability problems and the interweaving of multiple control levels. A single control center is responsible for the security and stability of the expected failure of the defense. On the one hand, it may not be possible It can be solved through the measures of the direct control range of the control center, or the measures of the direct control range of the control center can ensure safety and stability, but the cost of control is far greater than the cost of coordinated defense with other control centers in the large power grid; on the other hand , through the direct control range of the control center, the safety and stability under the expected faults that the control center is responsible for defending can be guaranteed, but it may cause serious adverse effects on the safety and stability under the expected faults that other control centers in the large power grid are responsible for defending.

The existing safe and stable on-line preventive control optimization decision-making methods are aimed at the fact that there is only one control center in the power grid, and the dispatching operation control management mode of the actual large power grid is not considered. Assuming that there is only one control center responsible for safety and stability in the large power grid, if this method is directly applied to the large power grid, it can only be based on the online operation mode of the power grid regulated by each control center covering all levels of the large power grid. The expected failure set of the defense of each control center at each level is used to carry out the calculation of optimal decision-making for safe and stable online prevention and control. The calculation amount is huge. Meet the real-time requirements of online prevention and control.

Therefore, in order to greatly reduce security and stability hazards and give full play to the advantages of large-scale power transmission in large-scale power grids, it is urgent to study a safe and stable online preventive control decision-making method for multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of large power grids.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to: aim at the deficiencies in the prior art, combined with the operation control mode of the multi-level control center, provide a method for online prevention and control optimization decision-making suitable for multi-level dispatching, collaborative defense, safety and stability in large power grids, and solve the existing problems. The optimal decision-making method for online prevention and control of power grid security and stability does not consider the interaction between the optimal decision-making of safety and stability online prevention and control of various control centers at all levels. The actual demand of multi-level and multiple control centers for coordinated defense technology.

The basic principle of the present invention is that the safety and stability of the large power grid has the characteristics of large-scale and multi-level regulation and interweaving. It is necessary to search for preventive control measures in the large-scale and multi-level regulation power grid to find preventive control measures to solve the security and stability problem. In order to truly realize the optimization of safety and stability preventive control measures. Through the interaction and sharing of power grid operation mode data and preventive control candidate measures between the control center and its direct superior control center and direct subordinate control center, each control center at each level only conducts online safety and stability assessments for the expected fault sets that it directly defends against. Then, the control performance indicators of the candidate preventive control measures are interactively shared among closely related control centers to obtain the comprehensive control performance indicators of the candidate preventive control measures. Then, the comprehensive control performance indicators based on the candidate preventive control measures are in Each control center at each level only conducts parallel processing of safe and stable online preventive control optimization decisions for the expected fault sets that are directly defended. The computing resources of each control center are adapted to the multi-level dispatching operation control management mode of the large power grid, and meet the reliability, accuracy and real-time requirements of the online prevention and control decision-making for the safety and stability of the large power grid.

Specifically, the present invention is realized by adopting the following technical solutions, including the following steps:

1) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively:

According to the grid operation status information collected or collected in real time, combined with the equipment model and parameters, the online operation mode data S _ij of the grid directly regulated by the control center is generated, and the expected fault set F _ij and direct control of the control center are generated. The set of online prevention and control candidate measures M _ij of online prevention and control, and the online prevention and control optimization measure set CM _ij directly regulated by the control center is set as an empty set;

Among them, i=1,2,...,I, I represents the total number of levels in the control layer in the power grid, i represents the level sequence number of the control layer where each control center in the power grid is located, the first level is the highest level, and the second level is The direct subordinate of the first level, the first level is the direct superior of the second level, and so on, the I level is the lowest level, j=1,2,...,J _i , J _i means the control level at the i-th level The total number of control centers;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 2);

There is only one control center at the first level of control layer, at least one control center at other levels of control level, and there is only one and only one direct superior control center of other control centers except the control center at the first level control layer. There is no limit to the number of directly subordinate control centers of each control center;

The set of online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by each control center at each level of the power grid refers to the set of optional preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction and maximum controllable value under the current operation mode. The intersection of the expected failure sets of the center's direct defense is an empty set;

The online preventive control optimization measure set directly regulated by each control center at all levels of the power grid refers to the set of selected preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction, final control quantity and control quantity increment under the current operation mode. The intersection of the online prevention and control candidate measure sets directly regulated by each control center at all levels is an empty set;

The increment of the control quantity refers to the control quantity of the preventive control equipment and its control variables calculated in each round in the iterative process;

2) In the control center at the first level of control layer, record the current moment of power grid operation as t ₀ , and enter step 3);

3) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively:

First, collect the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, based on the S _ij of the control center, combined with the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, the operation mode data integration processing for the online assessment of power grid security and stability is carried out, and the data including the direct control of the control center are generated. The power grid directly regulated by the control center and the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used for the online operation mode data S′ _ij of the power grid for the safety and stability online assessment of the control center;

Finally, according to the S′ _ij of the control center, the safety and stability online assessment of the F _ij of the control center is carried out;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 4);

When the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control centers closely related to the control center are all directly subordinate control centers of the control center; when the control center is a control center in other control layers center, the control center closely related to the control center includes the control center directly superior to the control center, all directly subordinate control centers other than the control center of the control center directly subordinate to the control center, and the control center of the control center. All directly subordinate control centers;

4) In the control center at the first level of control layer, the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at all levels are collected. Satisfy the requirement of safe and stable operation, then think that the current operating state of the power grid is safe and stable, and each control center at all levels does not need to take preventive control measures for the power grid directly regulated, and end this method, otherwise, enter step 5);

5) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively:

First, gather the online prevention and control candidate measure set directly regulated by the regulation center closely related to the regulation center;

Then, the M _ij of the control center and the online preventive control candidate set directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used as the online preventive control optimization for the control center to calculate the safety and stability of the power grid for F _ij The set of candidate measures M′ _ij of measures;

Finally, based on the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center, the control performance indicators of the grid safety and stability of F _ij for each preventive control candidate measure in M' _ij of the control center are calculated under S'_ij;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 6);

The control performance index of the preventive control candidate measures refers to the ratio of the increase in the safety and stability margin of the power grid after the implementation of the preventive control candidate measures to the control cost of the preventive control candidate measures;

6) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processes are respectively carried out:

First, collect the control performance indicators of each candidate measure in the set of candidate measures calculated by the safety and stability online preventive control optimization measures of the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, when the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in M _ij of the control center is calculated by formula (1) when the multi-level dispatching is coordinated to defend the security and stability of the power grid Comprehensive index; when the control center is a control center in other control layers, calculate the comprehensive control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in the M _ij of the control center in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability through the formula (2) index;

In the formula, K _ij is the total number of preventive control candidate measures in M _ij , PI _ijk is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the safety and stability of power grid in F _ij , and u _ij is the control center The sequence number of the direct superior control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij , which is used for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center of the control center, and D _ij is the direct subordinate control center of the control center d _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected fault set of the direct defense of the lth direct subordinate control center of the control center, N _ij is the direct control center of the control center The total number of directly subordinate control centers of the superior control center, n _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the direct superior control center of the current control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center and the l direct subordinate control center of this control center, λ _u is In the case of multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of power grid security and stability, the coordination factor between the direct and subordinate control centers takes a set value greater than or equal to 1, and _λn is the same direct superior control in the case of multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of power grid security and stability The coordination factor between different control centers of the center, take the set value greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to _λu , PI′ _ijk is the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability Comprehensive index of control performance;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 7);

7) The following processes are respectively carried out at each control center at each level of the power grid:

First of all, the online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are collected, and each preventive control candidate measure is used for multi-level dispatching and collaborative _defense . Various prevention and control candidate measures in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability control performance comprehensive index;

Then, if the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center do not meet the requirements of safe and stable operation, each preventive control candidate measure based on the control center’s M′ _ij is used as a comprehensive index of control performance for multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability , according to the S′ _ij of the control center, calculate the online preventive control optimization measure set that meets the safe and stable operation requirements under F _ij , and use it as the online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged and processed by the control center; otherwise, the control The online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged and processed by the center is set as an empty set;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 8);

The online preventive control optimization measure set to be merged includes preventive control equipment and its control variable, control direction and control quantity;

8) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively:

First, collect the online prevention and control optimization measure sets to be merged and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center;

Then, for each preventive control device and its control variables in the M _ij of the control center, if it is only in the DM _ij of the control center and the online preventive control optimization measures to be combined and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center In a set of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables in this set are added to the CM _ij of the control center as the control direction of the preventive control equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity, and then take the sum of the final control quantity and the increment of the control quantity of the preventive control device and its control variable in the CM _ij as the new final control quantity; if it is in the control center’s DM _ij and In the two or more sets of online preventive control optimization measures that are closely related to the control center to be merged, and the control directions are the same in these sets, the preventive control equipment and its control variables are first placed in these sets The maximum value of the control direction and control amount in the set is added to the CM _ij of the control center as the increment of the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, and then the preventive control in CM _ij The sum of the final control quantity of the equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity is taken as the new final control quantity;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 9);

9) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively:

First, gather the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, according to the CM _ij of the control center and the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, all the preventive control equipment and the control direction and control amount increment of the control variables are concentrated, and the control center’s S′ _ij is adjusted and updated,

Finally, for the adjusted and updated S′ _ij , conduct an online assessment of the safety and stability of F _ij ;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 10);

10) In the control center at the first level of control layer, the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at all levels are collected. If the latest security and stability online assessment results of each control center at all levels of the power grid meet the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power grid, Then use the CM _ij of each control center at all levels as a safe and stable online prevention and control optimization measure for multi-level scheduling coordination, and end this method; otherwise, enter step 11);

11) In the control center at the first level of control layer, if the difference between the current moment of power grid operation and t ₀ is less than the set duration, go to step 12), otherwise, it is considered that the multi-level dispatching coordination of safe and stable online prevention cannot be found The optimization measures are controlled and the method ends.

12) At each control center at each level of the power grid, firstly, remove from M _ij the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control equipment and its control variables in CM _ij but opposite to the control direction, and remove from M _ij the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control in CM _ij The candidate measures with the same equipment and its control variables and the same control direction but the maximum value of the controllable quantity is equal to the increment of the control quantity, and then the candidate measures of the preventive control equipment and the same control variables and the same control direction in M _ij as in CM _ij The maximum value of the controllable amount of the measure is set as the difference between the maximum value of the controllable amount and the increment of the control amount, and returns to step 5) for the next round of calculation.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention is based on the interaction and sharing of the power grid operation mode data, preventive control candidate measures and control performance indicators of the preventive control candidate measures between the control center and its direct superior control center and direct subordinate control center. The requirements of the safety and stability characteristics of the power grid for safety and stability calculations ensure the reliability and accuracy of the online evaluation of the safety and stability of the large power grid and the optimization results of preventive control measures; each control center at each level only conducts safety and stability calculations for the expected fault sets that it directly defends against. The parallel processing strategy of online evaluation and optimization of preventive control measures makes full use of the computing resources of control centers at all levels, adapts to the multi-level dispatching operation control management mode of large power grids, and meets the real-time requirements of online preventive control decisions for the safety and stability of large power grids.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a flowchart of steps 1-7 of the method of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a flowchart of steps 8-12 of the method of the present invention.

detailed description

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

What step 1 describes in Fig. 1 is that, 1) each control center at each level of the power grid carries out the following processing respectively:

According to the grid operation status information collected or collected in real time, combined with the equipment model and parameters, the online operation mode data S _ij of the grid directly regulated by the control center is generated, and the expected fault set F _ij and direct control of the control center are generated. The set of online prevention and control candidate measures M _ij of online prevention and control, and the online prevention and control optimization measure set CM _ij directly regulated by the control center is set as an empty set;

Among them, i=1,2,...,I, I represents the total number of levels in the control layer in the power grid, i represents the level sequence number of the control layer where each control center in the power grid is located, the first level is the highest level, and the second level is The direct subordinate of the first level, the first level is the direct superior of the second level, and so on, the I level is the lowest level, j=1,2,...,J _i , J _i means the control level at the i-th level The total number of control centers;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 2).

There is only one control center at the first level of control layer, at least one control center at other levels of control level, and there is only one and only one direct superior control center of other control centers except the control center at the first level control layer. There is no limit to the number of directly subordinate control centers of each control center;

The set of online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by each control center at each level of the power grid refers to the set of optional preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction and maximum controllable value under the current operation mode. The intersection of the expected failure sets of the center's direct defense is an empty set;

The online preventive control optimization measure set directly regulated by each control center at all levels of the power grid refers to the set of selected preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction, final control quantity and control quantity increment under the current operation mode. For the preventive control candidate measures of continuous adjustment, such as increasing the active power output of a certain generator, the preventive control equipment is the name of the generator, the active power of the generator, the control direction is increase, and the maximum controllable value is the effective time of the generator in the preventive control (usually set to 10 minutes) can be adjusted to the difference between the maximum value of active output and its current value; for discretely adjusted preventive control candidate measures, such as equipment switching on/off operations, the preventive control equipment is equipment (including multiple equipment) Name, switch, control direction is cast/return, and the maximum value of the controllable quantity can be set to 1. The intersection of the online prevention and control candidate measure sets directly regulated by each control center at all levels of the power grid is an empty set;

The increment of the control quantity refers to the control quantity of the preventive control equipment and its control variables calculated in each round in the iterative process.

Step 2 in Fig. 1 describes that, at the control center at the first level control layer, record the current moment of power grid operation as t ₀ , and proceed to step 3).

Step 3 in Figure 1 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First, collect the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, based on the S _ij of the control center, combined with the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, the operation mode data integration processing for the online assessment of power grid security and stability is carried out, and the data including the direct control of the control center are generated. The power grid directly regulated by the control center and the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used for the online operation mode data S′ _ij of the power grid for the safety and stability online assessment of the control center;

Finally, according to the S′ _ij of the control center, the safety and stability online assessment of the F _ij of the control center is carried out;

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 4);

When the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control centers closely related to the control center are all directly subordinate control centers of the control center; when the control center is a control center in other control layers center, the control center closely related to the control center includes the control center directly superior to the control center, all directly subordinate control centers other than the control center of the control center directly subordinate to the control center, and the control center of the control center. All directly subordinate control centers.

Step 4 in Figure 1 describes that in the control center at the first level of control layer, the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at other levels are collected. If the safety and stability online evaluation results of all meet the requirements of safe and stable operation, it is considered that the current operating state of the power grid is safe and stable, and each control center at all levels does not need to take preventive control measures for the power grid directly regulated, and this method ends, otherwise, Go to step 5).

Step 5 in Figure 1 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First, gather the online prevention and control candidate measure set directly regulated by the regulation center closely related to the regulation center;

Then, the M _ij of the control center and the online preventive control candidate set directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used as the online preventive control optimization for the control center to calculate the safety and stability of the power grid for F _ij The set of candidate measures M′ _ij of measures;

Finally, based on the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center, the control performance indicators of the grid safety and stability of F _ij for each preventive control candidate measure in M' _ij of the control center are calculated under S'_ij;

After all the control centers complete the above processing, go to step 6).

The control performance index of the candidate preventive control measure refers to the ratio of the increase in power grid security and stability margin after the candidate preventive control measure is implemented to the control cost of the candidate preventive control measure.

Step 6 in Figure 1 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First, collect the control performance indicators of each candidate measure in the set of candidate measures calculated by the safety and stability online preventive control optimization measures of the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, when the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in M _ij of the control center is calculated by formula (1) when the multi-level dispatching is coordinated to defend the security and stability of the power grid Comprehensive index; when the control center is a control center in other control layers, calculate the comprehensive control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in the M _ij of the control center in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability through the formula (2) index;

In the formula, K _ij is the total number of preventive control candidate measures in M _ij , PI _ijk is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the safety and stability of power grid in F _ij , and u _ij is the control center The sequence number of the direct superior control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij , which is used for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center of the control center, and D _ij is the direct subordinate control center of the control center d _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected fault set of the direct defense of the lth direct subordinate control center of the control center, N _ij is the direct control center of the control center The total number of directly subordinate control centers of the superior control center, n _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the direct superior control center of the current control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center and the l direct subordinate control center of this control center, λ _u is In the case of multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of power grid security and stability, the coordination factor between the upper and lower control centers directly takes a set value greater than or equal to 1 (usually set to 1.5), and λ _n is the safety and stability of the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid When is the coordination factor between different control centers belonging to the same direct superior control center, take a set value greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to _λu (usually set to 1.25), PI′ _ijk is the kth prevention and control candidate in M _ij Measures are used to control performance comprehensive indicators of multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability.

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 7).

Step 7 in Figure 1 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First of all, the online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are collected, and each preventive control candidate measure is used for multi-level dispatching and collaborative _defense . Various prevention and control candidate measures in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability control performance comprehensive index;

Then, if the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center do not meet the requirements of safe and stable operation, each preventive control candidate measure based on the control center’s M′ _ij is used as a comprehensive index of control performance for multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability , according to the S′ _ij of the control center, calculate the online preventive control optimization measure set that meets the safe and stable operation requirements under F _ij , and use it as the online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged and processed by the control center; otherwise, the control The online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged in the center is set as an empty set.

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 8);

The online preventive control optimization measure set to be merged includes preventive control equipment and its control variable, control direction and control amount.

Step 8 in Figure 2 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First, collect the online prevention and control optimization measure sets to be merged and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center;

Then, for each preventive control device and its control variables in the M _ij of the control center, if it is only in the DM _ij of the control center and the online preventive control optimization measures to be combined and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center In a set of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables in this set are added to the CM _ij of the control center as the control direction of the preventive control equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity, and then take the sum of the final control quantity and the increment of the control quantity of the preventive control device and its control variable in the CM _ij as the new final control quantity; if it is in the control center’s DM _ij and In the two or more sets of online preventive control optimization measures that are closely related to the control center to be merged, and the control directions are the same in these sets, the preventive control equipment and its control variables are first placed in these sets The maximum value of the control direction and control amount in the set is added to the CM _ij of the control center as the increment of the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, and then the preventive control in CM _ij The sum of the final control quantity of the equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity is taken as the new final control quantity.

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 9);

Step 9 in Figure 2 describes that each control center at each level of the power grid performs the following processing respectively:

First, gather the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center;

Then, according to the CM _ij of the control center and the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, all the preventive control equipment and the control direction and control amount increment of the control variables are concentrated, and the control center’s S′ _ij is adjusted and updated,

Finally, for the adjusted and updated S′ _ij , the online evaluation of the safety and stability of F _ij is carried out.

After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 10).

Step 10 in Figure 2 describes that the control center at the first level control layer collects the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at all levels. If the latest security and stability online assessment results of each control center at all levels If the safe and stable operation requirements of the power grid are met, then the CM _ij of each control center at each level is used as a safe and stable online preventive control optimization measure for multi-level dispatch coordination, and the method ends; otherwise, go to step 11).

Step 11 in Figure 2 describes that, in the control center at the first level of control layer, if the difference between the current moment of power grid operation and _t0 is less than the set duration (usually set to 5 minutes), enter step 12), otherwise , it is considered that no multi-level scheduling coordination safety and stability online preventive control optimization measures can be found, and this method ends.

Step 12 in Figure 2 describes that, at each control center at each level of the power grid, firstly, remove from M _ij the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control equipment and its control variables in CM _ij but opposite to the control direction, and from M _ij Eliminate the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control equipment and its control variables in CM _ij and have the same control direction, but the maximum value of the controllable quantity is equal to the increment of the control quantity, and then the preventive control equipment and their control variables in M _ij and CM _ij The maximum controllable value of the same candidate measure with the same control direction is set as the difference between the controllable maximum value and the control value increment, and returns to step 5) for the next round of calculation.

Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention also belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the content defined by the claims of this application.

Claims (1)

1. A safe and stable online preventive control optimization decision-making method for multi-level power grid dispatching coordination, characterized in that it includes the following steps: 1) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively: According to the grid operation status information collected or collected in real time, combined with the equipment model and parameters, the online operation mode data S _ij of the grid directly regulated by the control center is generated, and the expected fault set F _ij and direct control of the control center are generated. The set of online prevention and control candidate measures M _ij of online prevention and control, and the online prevention and control optimization measure set CM _ij directly regulated by the control center is set as an empty set; Among them, i=1,2,...,I, I represents the total number of levels in the control layer in the power grid, i represents the level sequence number of the control layer where each control center in the power grid is located, the first level is the highest level, and the second level is The direct subordinate of the first level, the first level is the direct superior of the second level, and so on, the I level is the lowest level, j=1,2,...,J _i , J _i means the control level at the i-th level The total number of control centers; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 2); There is only one control center at the first level of control layer, at least one control center at other levels of control level, and there is only one and only one direct superior control center of other control centers except the control center at the first level control layer. There is no limit to the number of directly subordinate control centers of each control center; The set of online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by each control center at each level of the power grid refers to the set of optional preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction and maximum controllable value under the current operation mode. The intersection of the expected failure sets of the center's direct defense is an empty set; The online preventive control optimization measure set directly regulated by each control center at all levels of the power grid refers to the set of selected preventive control equipment and its control variables, control direction, final control quantity and control quantity increment under the current operation mode. The intersection of the online prevention and control candidate measure sets directly regulated by each control center at all levels is an empty set; The increment of the control quantity refers to the control quantity of the preventive control equipment and its control variables calculated in each round in the iterative process; 2) In the control center at the first level of control layer, record the current moment of power grid operation as t ₀ , and enter step 3); 3) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively: First, collect the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center; Then, based on the S _ij of the control center, combined with the online operation mode data of the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, the operation mode data integration processing for the online assessment of power grid security and stability is carried out, and the data including the direct control of the control center are generated. The power grid directly regulated by the control center and the power grid directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used for the online operation mode data S′ _ij of the power grid for the safety and stability online assessment of the control center; Finally, according to the S′ _ij of the control center, the safety and stability online assessment of the F _ij of the control center is carried out; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 4); When the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control centers closely related to the control center are all directly subordinate control centers of the control center; when the control center is a control center in other control layers center, the control center closely related to the control center includes the control center directly superior to the control center, all directly subordinate control centers other than the control center of the control center directly subordinate to the control center, and the control center of the control center. All directly subordinate control centers; 4) In the control center at the first level of control layer, the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at all levels are collected. Satisfy the requirement of safe and stable operation, then think that the current operating state of the power grid is safe and stable, and each control center at all levels does not need to take preventive control measures for the power grid directly regulated, and end this method, otherwise, enter step 5); 5) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively: First, gather the online prevention and control candidate measure set directly regulated by the regulation center closely related to the regulation center; Then, the M _ij of the control center and the online preventive control candidate set directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are used as the online preventive control optimization for the control center to calculate the safety and stability of the power grid for F _ij The set of candidate measures M′ _ij of measures; Finally, based on the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center, the control performance indicators of the grid safety and stability of F _ij for each preventive control candidate measure in M' _ij of the control center are calculated under S'_ij; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 6); The control performance index of the preventive control candidate measures refers to the ratio of the increase in the safety and stability margin of the power grid after the implementation of the preventive control candidate measures to the control cost of the preventive control candidate measures; 6) In the control centers at all levels of the power grid, the following processes are respectively carried out: First, collect the control performance indicators of each candidate measure in the set of candidate measures calculated by the safety and stability online preventive control optimization measures of the control center closely related to the control center; Then, when the control center is a control center at the first-level control layer, the control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in M _ij of the control center is calculated by formula (1) when the multi-level dispatching is coordinated to defend the security and stability of the power grid Comprehensive index; when the control center is a control center in other control layers, calculate the comprehensive control performance of each preventive control candidate measure in the M _ij of the control center in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability through the formula (2) index; ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lambda;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ...</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ ${\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}^{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&prime;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lambda;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lambda;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; u</span>}}}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1.</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&lambda;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}\underset{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&NotEqual;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}{\overset{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; N</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Sigma;</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P.I.</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; no</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; l</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; k</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; ...</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; i</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; j</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$ In the formula, K _ij is the total number of preventive control candidate measures in M _ij , PI _ijk is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the safety and stability of power grid in F _ij , and u _ij is the control center The sequence number of the direct superior control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij , which is used for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center of the control center, and D _ij is the direct subordinate control center of the control center d _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected fault set of the direct defense of the lth direct subordinate control center of the control center, N _ij is the direct control center of the control center The total number of directly subordinate control centers of the superior control center, n _ijl is the order number of the lth directly subordinate control center of the direct superior control center of the current control center in each control center in the control layer where it is located, is the control performance index of the power grid safety and stability for the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for the expected failure set of the direct defense of the direct superior control center and the l direct subordinate control center of this control center, λ _u is In the case of multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of power grid security and stability, the coordination factor between the direct and subordinate control centers takes a set value greater than or equal to 1, and _λn is the same direct superior control in the case of multi-level dispatching and coordinated defense of power grid security and stability The coordination factor between different control centers of the center, take the set value greater than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to _λu , PI′ _ijk is the kth preventive control candidate measure in M _ij for multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability Comprehensive index of control performance; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 7); 7) The following processes are respectively carried out at each control center at each level of the power grid: First of all, the online preventive control candidate measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center are collected, and each preventive control candidate measure is used for multi-level dispatching and collaborative _defense . Various prevention and control candidate measures in the multi-level dispatching collaborative defense grid security and stability control performance comprehensive index; Then, if the latest safety and stability online assessment results of the control center do not meet the requirements of safe and stable operation, each preventive control candidate measure based on the control center’s M′ _ij is used as a comprehensive index of control performance for multi-level dispatching collaborative defense power grid security and stability , according to the S′ _ij of the control center, calculate the online preventive control optimization measure set that meets the safe and stable operation requirements under F _ij , and use it as the online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged and processed by the control center; otherwise, the control The online preventive control optimization measure set DM _ij to be merged and processed by the center is set as an empty set; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 8); The online preventive control optimization measure set to be merged includes preventive control equipment and its control variable, control direction and control quantity; 8) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively: First, collect the online prevention and control optimization measure sets to be merged and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center; Then, for each preventive control device and its control variables in the M _ij of the control center, if it is only in the DM _ij of the control center and the online preventive control optimization measures to be combined and processed by the control centers closely related to the control center In a set of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables in this set are added to the CM _ij of the control center as the control direction of the preventive control equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity, and then take the sum of the final control quantity and the increment of the control quantity of the preventive control device and its control variable in the CM _ij as the new final control quantity; if it is in the control center’s DM _ij and In the two or more sets of online preventive control optimization measures that are closely related to the control center to be merged, and the control directions are the same in these sets, the preventive control equipment and its control variables are first placed in these sets The maximum value of the control direction and control amount in the set is added to the CM _ij of the control center as the increment of the control direction and control amount of the preventive control equipment and its control variables, and then the preventive control in CM _ij The sum of the final control quantity of the equipment and its control variables and the increment of the control quantity is taken as the new final control quantity; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 9); 9) In each control center at each level of the power grid, the following processing is carried out respectively: First, gather the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center; Then, according to the CM _ij of the control center and the online prevention and control optimization measures directly regulated by the control center closely related to the control center, all the preventive control equipment and the control direction and control amount increment of the control variables are concentrated, and the control center’s S′ _ij is adjusted and updated, Finally, for the adjusted and updated S′ _ij , conduct an online assessment of the safety and stability of F _ij ; After all control centers complete the above processing, enter step 10); 10) In the control center at the first level of control layer, the safety and stability online assessment results of other control centers at all levels are collected. If the latest security and stability online assessment results of each control center at all levels of the power grid meet the requirements for safe and stable operation of the power grid, Then use the CM _ij of each control center at all levels as a safe and stable online prevention and control optimization measure for multi-level scheduling coordination, and end this method; otherwise, enter step 11); 11) In the control center at the first level of control layer, if the difference between the current moment of power grid operation and t ₀ is less than the set time, go to step 12), otherwise, it is considered that the multi-level dispatching coordination of safe and stable online prevention cannot be found Control optimization measures, end the method; 12) At each control center at each level of the power grid, firstly, remove from M _ij the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control equipment and its control variables in CM _ij but opposite to the control direction, and remove from M _ij the candidate measures that are the same as the preventive control in CM _ij The candidate measures with the same equipment and its control variables and the same control direction but the maximum value of the controllable quantity is equal to the increment of the control quantity, and then the candidate measures of the preventive control equipment and the same control variables and the same control direction in M _ij as in CM _ij The maximum value of the controllable amount of the measure is set as the difference between the maximum value of the controllable amount and the increment of the control amount, and returns to step 5) for the next round of calculation.