CN104979747A - Integrated reflective phase bias device, fiber laser and light wave and microwave phase detector - Google Patents
Integrated reflective phase bias device, fiber laser and light wave and microwave phase detector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention discloses an integrated reflective phase bias device, a fiber laser and a light wave and microwave phase detector. The phase bias device comprises a fiber holder, a collimation lens, a polarizing prism, a Faraday rotator, a birefringent crystal and a mirror. According to the device, the fiber laser and the light wave and microwave phase detector, two polarization-maintaining fibers with mutually vertical directions are fixed in the fiber holder, the light with mutually vertical polarization directions are separated by the polarizing prism, only one collimator, one Faraday rotator, one birefringent crystal and one mirror are needed, the size is small, the stability is high, the price is low, and no any adjustment is needed. The phase bias device is used in the fiber laser, a self started mode-locked pulse train can be obtained, the characteristic of the pulse train is not interfered by an external environment, and the phase bias device can be applied to various complex environments with high noise, heavy pollution or emission. The phase bias device is used in the light wave and microwave phase detector, thus the light wave and microwave phase detector is compact and is not interfered by the outside, and the working is more reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Fiber laser technology, particularly relate to a kind of integrated reflective phase bias device and fiber laser thereof and Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator.
Background technology
Mode locked fiber laser pulse is ultrashort, and repetition rate is determined, peak power is high, in scientific research and industrial processes, have irreplaceable using value.But contrast common laser, mode-locked laser is difficult to self-starting, is subject to external interference, and price is high, hamper its application.
In fiber laser, locked mode scheme mainly contains three kinds: non-linear loop speculum, saturable absorber, nonlinear polarization rotation.The 8 font mode locked fiber laser locked mode difficulty in startings that non-linear loop speculum is formed, normal needs are outside to be promoted, and non PM fiber; In saturable absorber, semiconductor saturable absorber has the life-span, easily damages; Other carbon back saturable absorber, such as carbon nano-tube, Graphenes etc., be easy to deterioration, lose locked mode start-up performance under natural environment.Nonlinear polarization rotation can provide reliable and stable locked mode Initiated Mechanism, provides very high average power, and can utilize nearly all pulse shaping mechanism, obtains high repetition frequency or low-repetition-frequency, psec or femtosecond pulse row.But it utilizes the essence of nonlinear polarization rotation, determine it and must use non PM fiber, and non PM fiber determine this laser must to environment sensitive.
Non-linear loop speculum was once mode-locking device the earliest, and the double loop fiber laser (8 shaped optical fiber laser) made with it can provide mode locking pulse.But it is not self-starting substantially.Reason is that its loop is zero offset.And in zero offset situation, loop speculum is very little to the susceptibility of nonlinear phase shift.Therefore a phase bias is needed.So-called phase bias, refers to that the light of counterpropagate in same light path experiences different phase shifts.
Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator in the paper " Subfemtosecond synchronizationof microwave oscillators with mode-locked Er-fiber lasers " that the people such as Jungwon Kim (unit of Nintaus) deliver on Optics Letters, make use of asymmetric phase-shifter, and with it as the phase bias device in fiber optic loop, but be made up of discrete spaced members, and be through formula, not reflective, need two Faraday rotators, in phase-shifter, there is no devating prism.
The patent application " Laser with non-linear optical loop mirror " of Menlo Systems company.(US201500711322) make use of phase-shifter and the phase bias method of Jungwon Kim etc., constitute a kind of mode-locked laser.Wherein phase bias device is also through formula, needs two Faraday rotators, does not also have devating prism in phase-shifter
" A mode-locked thulium-doped fiberlaser based on a nonlinear loop mirror " paper that the people such as Honzatko delivered on Optics Letters in 2013, and " Direct generation of 2W average-power and 232nJ picosecond pulses from an ultra-simpleYb-doped double-clad fiber laser " paper that the people such as Huang delivered on Optics Letters in 2015, all without phase bias device, therefore very high pulse power is needed just can to reach modelocking threshold, the non-constant width of pulse (hundreds of psec is to a few nanosecond).
Summary of the invention
In order to obtain self-starting and locked mode steady in a long-term in fiber laser, overcome the locked mode deterioration that the change due to the environmental parameter such as temperature, vibration causes, the present invention proposes a kind of integrated reflective phase bias device and fiber laser thereof and Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of integrated reflective phase bias device and fiber laser thereof and Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator.
Integrated reflective phase bias device of the present invention comprises: fibre holder, collimating lens, devating prism, Faraday rotator, birefringece crystal and speculum; Wherein, the first and second polarization maintaining optical fibres fixed by fibre holder, and the fast axle of these two polarization maintaining optical fibres is orthogonal, and slow axis is orthogonal, and input and output each other; After the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, polarization direction, along the incident light of an axle of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, after collimating lens collimation, is incident to Faraday rotator with an angle through devating prism; The polarization direction of incident light is rotated 45 degree by Faraday rotator, makes polarization direction parallel with an axle of birefringece crystal; Then be incident to birefringece crystal, phase shift φ occurs
1after/2, impinge perpendicularly on speculum; Return after speculum reflection, again double as φ through birefringece crystal phase shift
1; Again rotate 45 degree again through Faraday rotator rear polarizer direction, vertical with the polarization direction out entering the incident light before devating prism from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre; Through devating prism, because the polarization direction of back light and incident light is orthogonal, different from the angle of incident light from the angle after devating prism outgoing, thus after devating prism outgoing, enter into second polarization maintaining optical fibre through collimating lens with another angle, and polarization direction is along the same axle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing; Same mode, through the incident light of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, polarization direction, along an axle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, makes polarization direction parallel with another axle of birefringece crystal after Faraday rotator rotates, after contrary path round-trip one circle, generation phase shift is φ
2, polarization direction enters the first polarization maintaining optical fibre along the same axle of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, wherein, φ
1≠ φ
2.
Polarization maintaining optical fibre has fast axle and slow axis two axles, guarantor's folk prescription of these two polarization maintaining optical fibres is to spatially orthogonal, namely the fast axle of two polarization maintaining optical fibres is orthogonal, and the slow axis of two optical fiber is orthogonal, respectively through the polarization direction of the incident light of the first and second polarization maintaining optical fibres, enter on devating prism front space orthogonal, thus ensure from the polarization direction of the incident light of a polarization maintaining optical fibre along fast axle, after coming and going a circle polarization direction 90-degree rotation, back light enters the polarization direction of another root polarization maintaining optical fibre still along the fast axle of another root optical fiber, in like manner, the polarization direction of the incident light of a polarization maintaining optical fibre is along slow axis, back light enters another root polarization maintaining optical fibre still along the slow axis of another root optical fiber.
For polarization direction along slow axis: through the polarization direction of the incident light of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre along slow axis, through collimating lens, with an angle through devating prism, then faraday rotation mirror is incident to, its polarization direction is rotated 45 degree, parallel with the slow axis (or fast axle) of birefringece crystal, obtain phase shift φ
1after/2, incide on speculum; Return after speculum reflection, again double as φ through birefringece crystal phase shift
1; Again rotate 45 degree again through Faraday rotator rear polarizer direction, orthogonal with the polarization direction of incident light, because the polarization direction of back light and incident light is orthogonal, different from the angle of incident light from the angle after devating prism outgoing, thus enter into the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, because the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre and the first polarization maintaining optical fibre is orthogonal, therefore polarization direction is still along the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing.Same mode, through the polarization direction of the incident light of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre along slow axis, through collimating lens, devating prism is incident to another angle, then faraday rotation mirror is incident to, its polarization direction is rotated 45 degree, parallel with the fast axle (or slow axis) of birefringece crystal, obtains phase shift φ
2after/2, incide on speculum; Return after speculum reflection, again double as φ through birefringece crystal phase shift
2; Again rotate 45 degree again through Faraday rotator rear polarizer direction, with orthogonal from the polarization direction of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre incident light out, because the polarization direction of back light and incident light is orthogonal, different from the angle of incident light from the angle after devating prism outgoing, thus enter into the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, because the slow axis of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre and the second polarization maintaining optical fibre is orthogonal, therefore polarization direction is still along the slow axis of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing.
Polarization maintaining optical fibre adopts the one in big mode field area polarization maintaining optical fibre, doping gain polarization maintaining optical fibre, big mode field area double clad polarization maintaining optical fibre and polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.Adulterate in polarization maintaining optical fibre, make it have gain characteristic.According to wavelength chooses or design polarization maintaining optical fibre, not by the restriction of wavelength.The process of angle or mode field area is carried out in the termination of polarization maintaining optical fibre.Guarantor's folk prescription of two polarization maintaining optical fibres is to spatially orthogonal.
Birefringece crystal comprises fast axle and slow axis two axles.The polarization direction of incident light is rotated an angle by Faraday rotator, makes polarization direction rotate to parallel with an axle of birefringece crystal; And from another incident light with polarization maintaining optical fibre through same Faraday rotator, its polarization direction is rotated to parallel with another axle of birefringece crystal.Faraday rotator adopts sheet type Faraday rotator, or magneto-optical crystal inserts the Faraday rotator formed in permanent magnet.
Fast axle and the slow axis of the birefringece crystal in phase bias device of the present invention introduce asymmetric phase shift, cause the phase shift difference of the light of the polarizations propagate parallel with disalignment, i.e. phase bias.Incident from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, come and go a circle from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, generation phase shift is φ
1, incident from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, come and go a circle from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, generation phase shift is φ
2, the phase shift difference of the two
size determined by the character of birefringece crystal and thickness, namely
wherein, n
efor the refractive index of e light, n
ofor the refractive index of o light, l is the thickness of birefringece crystal, and λ is wavelength.Adopt one block of birefringece crystal, or the birefringece crystal combination of the system of employing or different-thickness, form specific phase difference, the phase bias arranged arbitrarily is provided.
Further, the present invention also comprises encapsulation steel pipe, and fibre holder, collimating lens, devating prism, Faraday rotator, birefringece crystal and speculum are arranged in encapsulation steel pipe successively.
Fibre holder adopts the sizing quartz glass tube with polarization maintaining optical fibre adaptation.Devating prism adopts wollaston prism.
The optical alignment that optical fiber exports by collimating lens, adopts gradient index fiber or non-spherical lens.
Integrated reflective phase bias device of the present invention may be used for fiber laser and Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator.
Fiber laser of the present invention comprises: fiber optic splitter, wavelength division multiplexer and phase bias device; Wherein, fiber optic splitter comprises first to fourth port; Mode-locked laser pulse inputs to the first port of fiber optic splitter, and the evanescent wave connected in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first and second ports is coupled in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of connection third and fourth port, thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port to input to a polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device by wavelength division multiplexer and gain fibre; Another polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device returns, through the 3rd port of fiber optic splitter, from the first port and the output of the 4th port of fiber optic splitter.
Fiber optic splitter is 2 × 2 beam splitters, by 2 × 2 beam splitters, incident light is divided into two light propagated in opposite directions, obtains asymmetric phase difference, return beam splitter in phase bias device, forms optical fiber loop; The light propagated in opposite directions interferes at beam splitter place, causes the other two ends of beam splitter to export the Strength Changes of light.Be with the difference of common nonlinear optical fiber loop speculum, the strength ratio of the output light of the predeterminable beam splitter of phase bias device two outputs, and the direction of Strength Changes and slope.
Fiber laser of the present invention can obtain the mode-locked laser pulse row of self-starting, and the characteristic of spike train is not by the interference of external environment; The all pulse shaping mechanism can used in nonlinear polarization rotation mode locked fiber laser can be utilized, comprise orphan, self similarity, Totally positive dispersion and amplification self similarity etc.The output port of fiber laser can be set to the 4th port of fiber optic splitter, and partially reflecting mirror also can be utilized to be located at the first port, or by optical fiber type coupling beam divider.First port also can additional optical fiber speculum, or spatial dispersion compensation arrangement and speculum, or filter; Spatial dispersion compensation arrangement such as prism to, grating pair, chirped mirror equity.Fiber optic splitter can with speculum and wavelength division multiplexer integrated, form individual devices.Fiber laser can introduce nonlinear effect, this nonlinear effect, produces nonlinear phase shift; This phase shift is combined with phase bias, forms the authentication scheme of paired pulses light and continuous light.According to biased positive and negative, fiber optic splitter export first and the 4th port can produce the reflection of high power pulse be partial to, or transmission is partial to, and this deflection can as the Initiated Mechanism of mode locking pulse.
Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator of the present invention comprises: balanced type photodetector, circulator, fiber optic splitter, wavelength division multiplexer and phase bias device; Wherein, fiber optic splitter comprises first to fourth port; Mode-locked laser pulse enters the first port of fiber optic splitter by circulator, and the evanescent wave connected in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first and second ports is coupled in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of connection third and fourth port, thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port is by inputing to the polarization maintaining optical fibre connecting phase bias device after wavelength division multiplexer; Another root polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device returns, fiber optic splitter is inputed to again respectively through the second port and the 3rd port, the mode-locked laser pulse exported from the first port respectively enters an input port of balanced type photodetector after circulator, enter another input port of balanced type photodetector from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 4th port output, export DC level from the output port of balanced type photodetector.
The DC level of output port obtains the linear convergent rate near balance point in balanced type detector, and this linear convergent rate is directly proportional to the difference on the frequency of electro-optical signal.This linear relationship can be used to lock rf frequency additional on optical frequency and modulator.
Advantage of the present invention:
The present invention adopts in fibre holder and fixes two guarantor's folk prescriptions to mutually perpendicular polarization maintaining optical fibre, devating prism by mutually perpendicular for two-way polarization direction light separately, only need a collimater, Faraday rotator, a birefringece crystal, a speculum, volume is little, stability is high, and price is low, without any need for adjustment; For fiber laser, the mode locking pulse row of self-starting can be obtained, and the characteristic of spike train is not by the interference of external environment, may be used on the complex environments such as various strong noise, heavily contaminated or transmitting; For Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator, it can be made more miniaturized, more not by external interference, work more reliable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of integrated reflective phase bias device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of integrated reflective phase bias device of the present invention for fiber laser;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of integrated reflective phase bias device of the present invention for Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the integrated reflective phase bias device of the present embodiment comprises: fibre holder 1, collimating lens 2, devating prism 3, Faraday rotator 4, birefringece crystal 5, speculum 6, encapsulation steel pipe 7 and two polarization maintaining optical fibres 8 and 8 '; Fibre holder 1 fixes the first and second polarization maintaining optical fibres 8 and 8 ', and the fast axle of these two polarization maintaining optical fibres is orthogonal and slow axis is orthogonal, and input and output each other; Through the incident light of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, polarization direction, along slow axis, after collimating lens 2 collimates, is incident to Faraday rotator 4 with an angle through devating prism 3; The polarization direction of incident light is rotated 45 degree by Faraday rotator 4, makes polarization direction parallel with the fast axle of birefringece crystal 5; Then be incident to birefringece crystal 5, phase shift φ occurs
1/ 2, impinge perpendicularly on speculum 6; Reflect Hou Yuan road through speculum 6 to return, back light doubles as φ through birefringece crystal 5 phase shift again
1; Revolve through Faraday rotator 4 rear polarizer direction and turn 45 degree again, orthogonal with the polarization direction of incident light; Through devating prism 3, because the polarization direction of back light and incident light is orthogonal, different from the angle of incident light from the angle after devating prism 3 outgoing, thus enter into the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 ', and polarization direction is appointed so along the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 ', from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 ' outgoing.
Through the incident light of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 ', polarization direction, along the slow axis of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre 8 ', is incident to Faraday rotator 4 with another angle through devating prism 3; The polarization direction of incident light is rotated 45 degree by Faraday rotator 4, makes polarization direction parallel with the slow axis of birefringece crystal 5; After coming and going a circle, polarization direction enters the first polarization maintaining optical fibre along the slow axis of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre 8, thus from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, generation phase shift is φ
2, wherein, φ
1≠ φ
2.The phase shift difference of the two
size determined by the character of birefringece crystal and thickness, namely
As shown in Figure 2, fiber laser comprises: fiber optic splitter 12, wavelength division multiplexer 15, phase bias device 11 and element 18; Wherein, fiber beam splitting 12 device comprise first to fourth port 1. ~ 4.; 1. mode-locked laser pulse inputs to the first port of fiber optic splitter, and the evanescent wave connected in the first port 1. with the second port polarization maintaining optical fibre is 2. coupled in connection the 3rd port the 3. with four port polarization maintaining optical fibre 4., thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port to input to a polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device 11 by wavelength division multiplexer 15; Another polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device returns, through the 3rd port of fiber optic splitter, from first of fiber optic splitter and the 4th port 1. and 4. export.Element 18 can be fiber reflector, or spatial dispersion compensation arrangement and speculum, or filter.
As shown in Figure 3, Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator comprises: balanced type photodetector 14, circulator 13, fiber optic splitter 12, wavelength division multiplexer 15 and phase bias device 11; Wherein, fiber optic splitter 12 comprise first to fourth port 1. ~ 4.; 1. mode-locked laser pulse 16 enters the first port of fiber optic splitter by circulator 13, and the evanescent wave connected in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first and second ports is coupled in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of connection third and fourth port, thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port is by inputing to the polarization maintaining optical fibre connecting phase bias device after wavelength division multiplexer; Another root polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device 11 returns, fiber optic splitter 12 is inputed to again respectively through the second port and the 3rd port, the mode-locked laser pulse exported from the first port respectively enters an input port of balanced type photodetector 14 after circulator 13, enter another input port of balanced type photodetector 14 from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 4th port output, export DC level from the output port 17 of balanced type photodetector.
It is finally noted that, the object publicizing and implementing mode is to help to understand the present invention further, but it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that: without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, various substitutions and modifications are all possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to the content disclosed in embodiment, and the scope that the scope of protection of present invention defines with claims is as the criterion.
Claims (10)
1. an integrated reflective phase bias device, is characterized in that, described phase bias device comprises: fibre holder, collimating lens, devating prism, Faraday rotator, birefringece crystal and speculum; Wherein, the first and second polarization maintaining optical fibres fixed by described fibre holder, and the fast axle of these two polarization maintaining optical fibres is orthogonal, and slow axis is orthogonal, and input and output each other; After the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, polarization direction, along the incident light of an axle of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, after collimating lens collimation, is incident to Faraday rotator with an angle through devating prism; The polarization direction of incident light is rotated 45 degree by described Faraday rotator, makes polarization direction parallel with an axle of birefringece crystal; Then be incident to birefringece crystal, phase shift φ occurs
1after/2, impinge perpendicularly on speculum; Return after speculum reflection, again double as φ through birefringece crystal phase shift
1; Again rotate 45 degree again through Faraday rotator rear polarizer direction, vertical with the polarization direction out entering the incident light before devating prism from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre; Through devating prism, because the polarization direction of back light and incident light is orthogonal, different from the angle of incident light from the angle after devating prism outgoing, thus after devating prism outgoing, enter into second polarization maintaining optical fibre through collimating lens with another angle, and polarization direction is along the same axle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing; Same mode, through the incident light of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, polarization direction along an axle of the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, along contrary path round-trip one circle after, after Faraday rotator rotates, make polarization direction parallel with another axle of birefringece crystal, generation phase shift is φ
2, polarization direction enters the first polarization maintaining optical fibre along the same axle of the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, thus from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, wherein, φ
1≠ φ
2.
2. phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the polarization direction of incident light is rotated an angle by described Faraday rotator, makes polarization direction rotate to parallel with an axle of birefringece crystal; And from another incident light with polarization maintaining optical fibre through same Faraday rotator, its polarization direction is rotated to parallel with another axle of birefringece crystal.
3. phase bias device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the fast axle of described birefringece crystal and slow axis introduce asymmetric phase shift, cause the phase shift difference of the light of the polarizations propagate parallel with disalignment, i.e. phase bias, incident from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre, come and go a circle from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, generation phase shift is φ
1, incident from the second polarization maintaining optical fibre, come and go a circle from the first polarization maintaining optical fibre outgoing, generation phase shift is φ
2, the phase shift difference of the two
size determined by the character of birefringece crystal and thickness, namely
wherein, n
efor the refractive index of e light, n
ofor the refractive index of o light, l is the thickness of birefringece crystal, and λ is wavelength.
4. phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described devating prism adopts wollaston prism.
5. phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, also comprise encapsulation steel pipe, and described fibre holder, collimating lens, devating prism, Faraday rotator, birefringece crystal and speculum are arranged in encapsulation steel pipe successively.
6. phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described polarization maintaining optical fibre adopts the one in big mode field area polarization maintaining optical fibre, doping gain polarization maintaining optical fibre, big mode field area double clad polarization maintaining optical fibre and polarization-maintaining photonic crystal fiber.
7. phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described Faraday rotator adopts sheet type Faraday rotator, or magneto-optical crystal inserts the Faraday rotator formed in permanent magnet.
8. adopt a fiber laser for integrated reflective phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described fiber laser comprises: fiber optic splitter, wavelength division multiplexer and phase bias device; Wherein, fiber optic splitter comprises first to fourth port; Mode-locked laser pulse inputs to the first port of fiber optic splitter, and the evanescent wave connected in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first and second ports is coupled in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of connection third and fourth port, thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port to input to a polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device by wavelength division multiplexer and gain fibre; Another polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device returns, through the 3rd port of fiber optic splitter, from the first port and the output of the 4th port of fiber optic splitter.
9. fiber laser as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, at the first port additional optical fiber speculum, or spatial dispersion compensation arrangement and speculum, or filter.
10. one kind adopts the Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator of integrated reflective phase bias device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Lightwave-Microwave phase discriminator comprises: balanced type photodetector, circulator, fiber optic splitter, wavelength division multiplexer and phase bias device; Wherein, fiber optic splitter comprises first to fourth port; Mode-locked laser pulse enters the first port of fiber optic splitter by circulator, and the evanescent wave connected in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of the first and second ports is coupled in the polarization maintaining optical fibre of connection third and fourth port, thus from second and the 3rd port export; The mode-locked laser pulse exported from the second port is by inputing to the polarization maintaining optical fibre connecting phase bias device after wavelength division multiplexer; Another root polarization maintaining optical fibre of phase bias device is inputed to from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 3rd port output; From the mode-locked laser pulse that phase bias device returns, fiber optic splitter is inputed to again respectively through the second port and the 3rd port, the mode-locked laser pulse exported from the first port respectively enters an input port of balanced type photodetector after circulator, enter another input port of balanced type photodetector from the mode-locked laser pulse of the 4th port output, export DC level from the output port of balanced type photodetector.
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