The non-linear rotation lock mode laser of a kind of polarization coupling
Technical field
The utility model belongs to laser technology field, relates to the non-linear rotation lock mode laser of a kind of polarization coupling.
Background technology
Mode-locked laser device is due to its various advantages, and for example pulse width, the peak power of output are high, spectral region is wide etc., are widely used in the fields such as information processing, communication, laser spectroscopy, the Internet and light holographic technique.The mode that obtains ultrashort pulse mode-locked laser is a lot, common saturable absorption body technique locked mode and nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode etc. of comprising.Saturable absorption mould-locking structure is simple, can self mode locking, but the pulse obtaining easily division and also noise high, and saturable absorber can not bear too high peak power, locked mode also can cause damage to saturable absorber for a long time.Adopt the Mode-locked laser device of nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locking technique, due to the nonlinear effect of light, the less stable of locked mode, easily affected by environment; Laser pulse is amplified in gain media and carries out, and causes pulse easily division and modulational instability, is very easily subject to the impact of high-order nonlinear effect, is unfavorable for obtaining very clean compression pulse, and the main peak of output pulse is close to lobe pulse with larger conventionally; The polarization direction of the zlasing mode of amplifying in gain media is uncertain, the control of laser cavity internal schema is very difficult, and different polarization pattern is vied each other and is conventionally brought extra gain noise, polarization is difficult to control with the randomized jitter of environmental interference, the stability of output laser pulse is generally difficult to improve, corresponding time domain-frequency domain noise is larger, and the carrier envelope phase skew of output pulse is larger; Be limited to the damage threshold of gain medium, the finite energy of the mode-locked laser pulse obtaining; Mode-locked laser pulse is conventionally lower with respect to continuous background light time territory duty ratio, is easy to be subject to the impact of amplified spontaneous emission continuous light in gain media, and the pulse contrast of acquisition is generally not high.Due to the existence of above-mentioned these factors, restricted the development of nonlinear polarization rotation mode-locked laser.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is the non-linear rotation lock mode laser of a kind of polarization coupling providing for problems of the prior art, and the non-linear rotation locked mode of laser gain and polarization is completed by optics different in chamber; In chamber, introduce pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus, the laser of different polarization pattern with different paths via gain media, polarization mode with quadrature after faraday's speculum passes through gain media again, pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus in chamber guarantees to only have a kind of polarization mode in laser cavity, to obtain optimum gain (lowest loss), suppress gain competition and the impact of polarization fluctuation on laser gain of different polarization pattern completely, this laser can obtain the high-energy mode locking pulse of stable output.
The concrete technical scheme that realizes the utility model object is:
The non-linear rotation lock mode laser of a kind of polarization coupling, feature is that this laser comprises polarization rotary reflection device, pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus, gain media, pumping source, faraday rotation mirror and speculum, and described polarization rotary reflection device, pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus, gain media, pumping source, faraday rotation mirror, speculum connect successively; Wherein, described polarization rotary reflection device comprises polarization maintaining optical fibre, isolator and polarization beam apparatus, and isolator and polarization beam apparatus are connected to polarization maintaining optical fibre two ends; Described pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus is birefringece crystal, polarization beam-splitting unit or both combination in any.
Described birefringece crystal is cut with arbitrarily angled, adopts the birefringece crystal of two symmetric arrays to form.
Described birefringece crystal is yttrium vanadate crystal, lithium columbate crystal group, calcium carbonate crystal or titanium dioxide crystal.
The arrangement that is doubled and redoubled successively of the length of described birefringece crystal group, the length of second group of birefringece crystal is the twice of first group of birefringece crystal length, the length of the 3rd group of birefringece crystal is the twice of second group of birefringece crystal length, the like; Thereafter the crystallographic axis of one group of crystal unit last group Crystal Rotation 45 relative to light angle spent.
Described polarization beam splitting device is that polarizing beam splitter mirror and the lower taper quartz crystal by two symmetries, put form, the arrangement that is doubled and redoubled successively of its longitudinal length, the longitudinal length of the second device is the twice of the first device longitudinal length, the longitudinal length of the 3rd device is the twice of the second device longitudinal length, the like; Thereafter a device and last device are longitudinally miter angle and put.
Described gain media is solid state laser operation material or doped fiber; Described solid state laser operation material is titanium sapphire, neodymium-doped yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) or Nd-doped yttrium vanadate (Nd:YVO4); The monomode fiber that described doped fiber is one or more rare earth elements of doping or large core diameter multimode fiber, doubly clad optical fiber or photonic crystal fiber.
Described faraday rotation mirror is space structure or optical fiber structure.
Described isolator is space isolator or fibre optic isolater; Polarization beam apparatus is space polarization beam apparatus or fibre optic polarizing beam splitter.
Pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus of the present utility model, by two orthogonal polarization orientation of a certain incident polarized light beam splitting, closes bundle after different propagated, and the light beam of different polarization direction, via different time delays, produces polarization time domain separated.
Compared with prior art, the utility model has following advantage:
(1), paired pulses carries out broadening before laser enters gain media in the utility model, reduces its peak power, can effectively avoid damaging gain media, lowers the impact of high-order nonlinear effect.
(2), nonlinear polarization rotation and gain media are separated in the utility model, can effectively avoid division and the pulse modulation unsteadiness of pulse.
(3), the utility model adopts birefringece crystal or polarization beam apparatus group carry out pulse stretching and close bundle, the impact that can avoid high-order to warble;
, pulse stretching and decrement can accurately control by changing the vertical structure of crystal unit, be convenient to regulate.
(5), pulse is amplified through polarization mulitpath repeatedly in laser cavity, overcomes gain medium damage threshold to the quantitative limitation of mode-locked laser pulse energy, can access high-power laser pulse output.
, the utility model can produce the pulse laser of psec or femtosecond magnitude, can effectively suppress to be close to lobe pulse, compression obtains very clean main peak pulse.
(7), the utility model is applicable to various optical regions; The utility model working-laser material can adopt crystal, various rare earth doped gain fibre, gas and dyestuff etc.
, only have in laser cavity of the present utility model a kind of polarization mode to obtain optimum gain (lowest loss), the gain competition of different polarization pattern and polarization fluctuation are suppressed completely on the impact of laser gain.
(9), except pulse stretching part, other can all use fiber optic component to the utility model, are beneficial to the miniaturization of system.
(10), the utility model can, according to the number of increase in demand pumping source and power, improve the output of laser.
(11), the utility model can utilize polarization beam apparatus as coupling follower, obtains protecting inclined to one side laser pulse output.
, nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode of the present utility model is difficult for affected by environmently, the stability of Output of laser is promoted.
(13), the utility model adopts the impact of polarization beam splitting immunity environmental interference on endovenous laser polarization mode in faraday's speculum and chamber, avoid the randomized jitter of pulse polarization, control polarization random fluctuation and mode competition, lower time domain-frequency domain noise and the carrier envelope phase skew of output pulse.
(14), pulse polarization beam splitting multipath is by gain media in the utility model laser cavity, the time domain duty ratio of pulse is promoted, and is conducive to reduce the impact of amplified spontaneous emission continuous light, improves output pulse contrast.
(15), polarization coupling nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode threshold value of the present utility model can be by regulating the achieve effective control of polarization rotary reflection device.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the utility model structural representation;
Fig. 2 is that the utility model adopts birefringece crystal component from the non-linear rotation locked mode of a kind of polarization coupling solid state laser structural representation of broadening;
Fig. 3 is the polarization maintaining optical fibre fast and slow axis layout of polarization rotary reflection device in Fig. 2 laser and regulates schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is that the utility model adopts polarization beam apparatus component from the non-linear rotation lock mode fiber of the polarization coupling laser structure schematic diagram of broadening;
Fig. 5 is that the utility model adopts the combine non-linear rotation lock mode fiber of a kind of polarization coupling laser structure schematic diagram of separated broadening of birefringece crystal and polarization beam apparatus.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, by embodiment, the utility model is described in further detail, so that clearer, understands the utility model.
Consult Fig. 1, the utility model comprises polarization rotary reflection device 100, pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus 200, pumping source 301, gain media 302, Faraday rotator 303 and speculum 304.The mode locking pulse forming in chamber first carries out pulse separation broadening through extra pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus 200, the pulse of the low peak power obtaining after separation is amplified through gain media 302, pulse after amplifying is returned for the second time and is amplified after 303 rotations of faraday mirror circulator and speculum 304 reflections, through pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus 200, carry out pulse again and close bundle, obtain the pulse of high-peak power.Pulse repeatedly come and go to amplify in chamber, just can obtain high-octane laser pulse, and export by the coupling output device in polarization rotary reflection device 100.
Embodiment 1
Consult Fig. 2, this figure is that the utility model adopts birefringece crystal component from the non-linear rotation locked mode of a kind of polarization coupling solid state laser structure chart of broadening, and polarization rotary reflection device 100 comprises polarization beam apparatus 101, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 and 105, high power isolator 102, polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.The operation wavelength of described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103,105 is preferably 1064nm, and polarization beam apparatus 101 adopts polarizing beam splitter mirror, and slow axis and the angle between the plane of incidence of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 are preferably 15 degree.The service band of high power isolator 102, polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 is preferably 1064nm.Pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus comprises the birefringece crystal group 201,202 and 203 that three groups of length are doubled and redoubled.Birefringece crystal group 201,202 and 203 adopts yttrium vanadate crystal, and the length of crystal is preferably 2cm, 4cm, 8cm successively.Described pumping source 301 is preferably green (light) laser.Described gain media 302 is preferably titanium sapphire.Described faraday rotation mirror 303 is space structure, and operation wavelength is 1064nm.Described speculum 304 is 1064nm high reflective mirror.
This laser is realized nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode by polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.As shown in Figure 3, the polarization beam apparatus 101 at polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 two ends and high power isolator 102 are respectively input and output.The polarisation of light direction that enters to inject polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 is consistent with the slow-axis direction of polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 inputs, and distortion fiber-optic output makes the polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 polarisation of light directions of output output and the plane of incidence of polarization beam apparatus 101 at an angle.Laser, through the 102 end outputs of high power isolator, enters polarization beam apparatus 101, and a part can transmission part meeting reflection.The part of transmission enters laser cavity, and the part of reflection can be as coupling output.Laser pulse carries out the separated broadening of pulse through yttrium vanadate crystal group 201,202,203.Laser pulse after separation amplifies through pumping amplifier section, again through faraday rotation mirror 303 and high reflective mirror 304 rotary reflections, through amplifier section, again amplify, then pass through successively yttrium vanadate crystal group 203,202,201, multiple-pulse synthesizes a pulse.Pulse after synthetic is through polarization beam apparatus 101, and reverberation enters polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 by polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 105, and from polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 outputs.High power isolator 102 guarantees the one way propagation of laser pulse.From the pulsed light of polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 outputs, pass through high power isolator 102, through polarization beam apparatus 101, be divided into the different two-beam in polarization direction, transmitted light return laser light chamber forms vibration, and the reverberation of coupling output is the inclined to one side high power pulsed laser of guarantor of laser output.
Embodiment 2
Consult Fig. 4, this figure is that the utility model adopts polarization beam apparatus component from the non-linear rotation lock mode fiber of a kind of polarization coupling laser structure figure of broadening, and polarization rotary reflection device comprises polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103, polarization beam apparatus 101, high power isolator 102, polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.The operation wavelength of described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 is preferably 1064nm, and polarization beam apparatus 101 adopts the fibre optic polarizing beam splitter of 2 * 2 structures, and service band is preferably 1064nm.Angle when polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 outputs and polarization beam apparatus 101 upper port welding between slow axis is preferably 70 degree.The service band of described high power isolator 102 and polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 is preferably 1064nm.Pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus comprises the polarization beam apparatus group 201,202 and 203 that three groups of time delays are doubled and redoubled.Polarization beam apparatus group 201,202,203 adopts the cone angle reflecting prism of polarizing beam splitter mirror and miter angle.Fiber coupler 301 operation wavelengths are preferably 1064nm.Yb-doped double-clad fiber 302 length are preferably 1.5m.Pump combiner 303 is (1+2) * 1 structure.Multiple die semiconductor laser 304 and 305 power output are preferably 10w, and operation wavelength is preferably 976nm.Described optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 306 operation wavelengths are preferably 1064nm.
This laser is realized nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode by polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.Laser pulse carries out the separated broadening of pulse through polarization beam apparatus group 201,202,203.Laser pulse after separation amplifies through amplifier section, amplifies and adopts backward pumping.Laser pulse enters yb-doped double-clad fiber 302 by fiber coupler 301.The end of yb-doped double-clad fiber 302 connects the output of pump combiner 303, and multiple die semiconductor laser 304 and 305 is connected respectively two pumping inputs of pump combiner 303.The input of pump combiner 303 connects optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 306.Laser pulse reflects through optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 306, through amplifier section, again amplifies, and then passes through successively polarization beam apparatus group 203,202,201, and multiple-pulse synthesizes a pulse.Pulse after synthetic is through fiber coupler 103, and reverberation enters polarization maintaining optical fibre 104, and from polarization beam apparatus 101 left end inputs.High power isolator 102 guarantees the one way propagation of laser pulse.Due to the angle between slow axis, laser pulse is by high power isolator 102, through polarization beam apparatus 101, be divided into the different two-beam in polarization direction, transmitted light return laser light chamber forms vibration, and the reverberation of coupling output is the inclined to one side high power pulsed laser of guarantor of laser output.
Embodiment 3
Consult Fig. 5, this figure is that the utility model adopts the combine schematic diagram of the non-linear rotation mode locked fiber laser of a kind of polarization coupling of separated broadening of birefringece crystal and polarization beam apparatus, and polarization rotary reflection device comprises polarization beam apparatus 101, high power isolator 102, polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103, polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.The operation wavelength of described polarization-maintaining fiber coupler 103 is preferably 1550nm, and polarization beam apparatus 101 adopts the fibre optic polarizing beam splitter of 2 * 2 structures, and service band is preferably 1550nm.The length of polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 is preferably 50cm.Angle when polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 outputs and polarization beam apparatus 101 upper port welding between slow axis is preferably 60 degree.The service band of described high power isolator 102 and polarization maintaining optical fibre 104 is preferably 1550nm.Pulse polarization separation beam merging apparatus comprises the polarization beam splitting device 203,204 that 201,202 and two groups of time delays of birefringece crystal group that two groups of length are doubled and redoubled are doubled and redoubled.Birefringece crystal group 201,202 adopts yttrium vanadate crystal, and the length of crystal is preferably 3cm, 6cm successively.Polarization beam splitting device 203,204 adopts the cone angle reflecting prism of polarizing beam splitter mirror and miter angle.Fiber coupler 301 operation wavelengths are preferably 1550nm.Er-doped fiber 302 length are preferably 1 m.Wavelength division multiplexer 303 is preferably 980nm/1550nm.Semiconductor laser 304 power outputs are preferably 200mw, and operation wavelength is preferably 976nm.Described optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 305 operation wavelengths are preferably 1550nm.
This laser is realized nonlinear polarization rotation locked mode by polarization maintaining optical fibre 104.Laser pulse carries out the separated broadening of pulse through birefringece crystal group 201,202 and polarization beam splitting device 203,204.Laser pulse after separation amplifies through amplifier section, amplifies and adopts backward pumping.Laser pulse enters Er-doped fiber 302 by fiber coupler 301.The end of Er-doped fiber 302 connects the 1550nm input of wavelength division multiplexer 303, and semiconductor laser 304 connects the 980nm input of wavelength division multiplexer 303.The output of wavelength division multiplexer 303 connects optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 305.Laser pulse reflects through optical fiber faraday rotation mirror 305, through amplifier section, again amplifies, and then passes through successively.Polarization beam splitting device 204,203 and birefringece crystal group 202,201, multiple-pulse synthesizes a pulse.Pulse after synthetic is through fiber coupler 103, and reverberation enters polarization maintaining optical fibre 104, and from polarization beam apparatus 101 left end inputs.High power isolator 102 guarantees the one way propagation of laser pulse.Due to the angle between slow axis, laser pulse is by high power isolator 102, through polarization beam apparatus 101, be divided into the different two-beam in polarization direction, transmitted light return laser light chamber forms vibration, and the reverberation of coupling output is the inclined to one side high power pulsed laser of guarantor of laser output.