Background technology
In organic active group, trifluoromethyl is a kind of very useful structural modification functional group, and it possesses the ability of lipotropy, metabolic activity and the bioavailability etc. improving compound, thus receives the extensive concern in each field.
The reaction method that the relevant trifluoromethylation of many kinds is modified has been reported in prior art, such as:
Before more than 20 years, the people such as Yu.M.Pustovit (" Reactions ofcycloalkanecarboxylic acids with SF4.I.Fluorination ofcyclopropanepolycarboxylic acids with SF
4", Journal of FluorineChemistry, 1994,69,225-229) report a kind of employing SF
4the reaction process of fluorinated cycloalkanes carboxylic acid.
Gary A.Molander etc. (" Diastereoselective Synthesis of VicinallyBis (trifluoromethylated) Alkylboron Compounds through SuccessiveInsertions of 2; 2; 2-Trifluorodiazoethane ", Angew.Chem.Int.Ed., 2014,53,14181-14185) disclose a kind of two (trifluoromethyl) and change alkyl boron compound and 2,2, the insert continually reaction of 2-trifluoro diazoethane, its reaction formula is as follows:
Gao Bing etc. (" AgF-Mediated Fluorinative Homocoupling ofgem-Difluoroalkenes ", Organic Letters, 2014,16,102-105) disclose a kind of β of silver fluoride catalysis, the linked reaction of β-difluorobenzene ethene derivatives, its reaction formula is as follows:
As mentioned above, although prior art reports the method for multiple trifluoromethylation reaction, still there are some defects in these reactions, such as, use poisonous reagent SF
4, or the transformation efficiency of material not high, or the time of reaction is longer etc., thus causes these methods to there is many inconveniences when industrial application.
In view of this, two (trifluoromethyl) that the present invention is intended to develop a kind of distyryl compound changes reaction method, thus achieves the maximization of target product, and the method is comparatively simple, has good prospects for commercial application.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned pointed many defects, present inventor has performed deep research and exploration, after having paid enough creative works, thus completing the present invention.
Specifically, technical scheme of the present invention and content relate to a kind of distyryl compound two (trifluoromethyls) change reaction method.
More specifically, the present invention relates to the synthetic method of a kind of following formula (III) compound,
Described method comprises: under nitrogen atmosphere with in organic solvent, and under the existence of bicomponent catalyst and promotor, following formula (I) compound and following formula (II) compound react, thus obtains described (III) compound,
Wherein, R is H, C
1-C
6alkyl, C
1-C
6alkoxy or halogen.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described C
1-C
6the implication of alkyl refers to the straight or branched alkyl with 1-6 carbon atom, such as can be methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, sec.-propyl, normal-butyl, sec-butyl, isobutyl-, the tertiary butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl or n-hexyl etc. in non-limiting manner.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described C
1-C
6the implication of alkoxyl group refers to described C defined above
1-C
6the group obtained after alkyl is connected with Sauerstoffatom.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the implication of described halogen refers to haloid element, non-exclusively such as can be F, Cl, Br or I.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described bicomponent catalyst is the mixture of palladium compound and fluoroform sulphonate, and wherein, the mol ratio of described palladium compound and fluoroform sulphonate is 1:2-3, such as, can be 1:2,1:2.5 or 1:3.
Wherein, described palladium compound is Pd (TFA)
2(palladium trifluoroacetate), Pd (PhCN)
2cl
2(two (cyano group benzene) palladium chloride), Pd (acac)
2(palladium acetylacetonate), Pd (PPh
3)
4(four (triphenyl) phosphine palladium), Pd (dba)
2(two (dibenzalacetone) palladium), Pd (OAc)
2any one in (acid chloride), most preferably is Pd (dba)
2.
Wherein, described fluoroform sulphonate is any one in copper trifluoromethanesulfcomposite, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid scandium, trifluoromethanesulfonic acid zinc or Ytterbiumtriflate, most preferably is Ytterbiumtriflate.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, described promotor is N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt, 1-butyl-2, any one in two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 3-methylimidazole or two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 1-benzyl-3-Methylimidazole, most preferably is two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the polyoxyethylene glycol of described organic solvent to be volume ratio be 1:0.2 and 15-are preced with the mixture of-5.
The restriction that the consumption of described organic solvent is strict, those skilled in the art can carry out suitable selection to its consumption, such as, can carry out according to making aftertreatment be easy to, reacting the amount of carrying out smoothly and carry out suitable selection.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and formula (II) compound is 1:2-3, such as, can be 1:2,1:2.5 or 1:3.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and bicomponent catalyst is 1:0.05-0.09, namely the ratio of mole dosage and the palladium compound of described formula (I) compound and the mole dosage sum of fluoroform sulphonate is 1:0.05-0.09, such as, can be 1:0.05,1:0.07 or 1:0.09.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the mol ratio of described formula (I) compound and promotor is 1:0.2-0.3, such as, can be 1:0.2,1:0.25 or 1:0.3.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, temperature of reaction is 50-70 DEG C, such as, can be 50 DEG C, 60 DEG C or 70 DEG C.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, the reaction times is 6-10 hour, such as, can be 6 hours, 8 hours or 10 hours.
In described synthetic method of the present invention, aftertreatment after reaction terminates is as follows: after completion of the reaction, filters, and regulates filtrate pH value to be neutral, then fully to vibrate washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, add dichloromethane extraction, isolate organic phase, then use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrating under reduced pressure, residue crosses 200-300 order silica gel column chromatography, is that sherwood oil and the acetone mixture of 1:3 is elutriant, thus obtains described formula (III) compound with volume ratio.
As mentioned above, two (trifluoromethyl) that the invention provides a kind of distyryl compound changes reaction method, thus obtain the compound of trifluoromethyl replacement, described method passes through comprehensive selection and the coordination of catalyzer, promotor, organic solvent etc., thus high yield can obtain object product, have a good application prospect and industrial production potential in organic chemical synthesis field.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail; but the purposes of these exemplary embodiments and object are only used for exemplifying the present invention; not any type of any restriction is formed to real protection scope of the present invention, more non-protection scope of the present invention is confined to this.
Embodiment 1
Under nitrogen atmosphere protection; to in appropriate organic solvent (for volume ratio is the mixture that the polyoxyethylene glycol of 1:0.2 and 15-are preced with-5) under room temperature, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 200mmol above formula (II) compound, 5mmol catalyzer (be 1.25mmol Pd (dba)
2with the mixture of 3.75mmol Ytterbiumtriflate) and two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 20mmol accelerant N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine, be then warming up to 50 DEG C, and stirring reaction 10 hours at such a temperature.
After completion of the reaction, filter, regulate filtrate pH value be neutrality, then fully to vibrate washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, add dichloromethane extraction, isolate organic phase, then use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrating under reduced pressure, residue crosses 200-300 order silica gel column chromatography, take volume ratio as sherwood oil and the acetone mixture of 1:3 be elutriant, thus obtain above formula formula (III) compound (wherein t-Bu is the tertiary butyl), productive rate is 97.5%.
1H NMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ7.43(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),3.66-3.54(m,1H),2.86-2.65(m,2H),1.31(s,9H)。
Embodiment 2
Under nitrogen atmosphere protection; to in appropriate organic solvent (for volume ratio is the mixture that the polyoxyethylene glycol of 1:0.2 and 15-are preced with-5) under room temperature, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 300mmol above formula (II) compound, 7.5mmol catalyzer (be 2.5mmol Pd (dba)
2with the mixture of 5mmol Ytterbiumtriflate) and two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 25mmol accelerant N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine, be then warming up to 60 DEG C, and stirring reaction 8 hours at such a temperature.
After completion of the reaction, filter, regulate filtrate pH value be neutrality, then fully to vibrate washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, add dichloromethane extraction, isolate organic phase, then use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrating under reduced pressure, residue crosses 200-300 order silica gel column chromatography, take volume ratio as sherwood oil and the acetone mixture of 1:3 be elutriant, thus obtain above formula formula (III) compound, productive rate is 97.3%.
1H NMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ7.55-7.51(m,1H),7.46(s,1H),7.28-7.23(m,2H),3.65-3.54(m,1H),2.89-2.67(m,2H)。
Embodiment 3
Under nitrogen atmosphere protection; to in appropriate organic solvent (for volume ratio is the mixture that the polyoxyethylene glycol of 1:0.2 and 15-are preced with-5) under room temperature, add 100mmol above formula (I) compound, 250mmol above formula (II) compound, 9mmol catalyzer (be 2.8mmol Pd (dba)
2with the mixture of 6.2mmol Ytterbiumtriflate) and two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 30mmol accelerant N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine, be then warming up to 70 DEG C, and stirring reaction 8 hours at such a temperature.
After completion of the reaction, filter, regulate filtrate pH value be neutrality, then fully to vibrate washing with saturated sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, add dichloromethane extraction, isolate organic phase, then use anhydrous sodium sulfate drying, concentrating under reduced pressure, residue crosses 200-300 order silica gel column chromatography, take volume ratio as sherwood oil and the acetone mixture of 1:3 be elutriant, thus obtain above formula formula (III) compound, productive rate is 97.6%.
1H NMR(CDCl
3,400MHz):δ7.34(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),6.94-6.87(m,2H),6.85(s,1H),3.85(s,3H),3.66-3.54(m,1H),2.84-2.67(m,2H)。
Embodiment 4-33
Embodiment 4-6: except palladium compound is wherein replaced with Pd (TFA)
2outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 4-6 in turn.
Embodiment 7-9: except palladium compound is wherein replaced with Pd (PhCN)
2cl
2outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 7-9 in turn.
Embodiment 10-12: except palladium compound is wherein replaced with Pd (acac)
2outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 10-12 in turn.
Embodiment 13-15: except palladium compound is wherein replaced with Pd (PPh
3)
4outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 13-15 in turn.
Embodiment 16-18: except palladium compound is wherein replaced with Pd (OAc)
2outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 16-18 in turn.
Embodiment 19-21: except replacing with except copper trifluoromethanesulfcomposite by Ytterbiumtriflate wherein, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 19-21 in turn.
Embodiment 22-24: replace with except trifluoromethanesulfonic acid scandium except by Ytterbiumtriflate wherein, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 22-24 in turn.
Embodiment 25-27: replace with except trifluoromethanesulfonic acid zinc except by Ytterbiumtriflate wherein, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 25-27 in turn.
Embodiment 28-30: except bicomponent catalyst is wherein replaced to the one-component Pd (dba) that consumption is original two kinds of total consumptions of component
2outward, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 28-30 in turn.
Embodiment 31-33: except bicomponent catalyst wherein being replaced to one-component Ytterbiumtriflate that consumption is original two kinds of total consumptions of component, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 31-33 in turn.
The results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1
Note: "--" indicate without.
From upper table 1 data: 1, when using one-component as catalyzer, productive rate all has significant reduction; 2, in palladium compound, Pd (dba)
2have best composite catalyzing effect with Ytterbiumtriflate, and the catalytic effect of other palladium compound and other fluoroform sulphonate all there is obvious reduction.Demonstrate thus, only have and ought use Pd (dba) simultaneously
2during with Ytterbiumtriflate as bicomponent catalyst, just can obtain excellent effect of the present invention, beyond thought synergy can be played between the two.
Embodiment 34-42
Embodiment 34-36: replace with 1-butyl-2 except by two for N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine wherein (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt, outside two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 3-methylimidazole, other operation is all identical, thus be repeated embodiment 1-3, obtain embodiment 34-36 in turn.
Embodiment 37-39: replace with except two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of 1-benzyl-3-Methylimidazole except by two for N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine wherein (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt, other operation is all identical, thus be repeated embodiment 1-3, obtain embodiment 37-39 in turn.
Embodiment 40-42: except promotor wherein being omitted, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 40-42 in turn.
The results are shown in following table 2.
Table 2
From upper table 2, when not using promotor, products collection efficiency has significant reduction, and this proves that the existence of promotor can improve products collection efficiency significantly.And in promotor, two (trifluoromethane sulphonyl) inferior amine salt of N-normal-butyl-N-methyl piperidine has best facilitation effect, the effect of other promotor all will be weaker than this material.
Embodiment 43-48
Embodiment 43-45: except being replaced with by organic solvent except single solvent polyoxyethylene glycol, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 43-45 in turn.
Embodiment 46-48: except organic solvent being replaced with single solvent 15-and being preced with-5, other operation is all identical, thus is repeated embodiment 1-3, obtains embodiment 46-48 in turn.
The results are shown in following table 3.
Table 3
From upper table 3, the combination of organic solvent can have influence on products collection efficiency equally, wherein only has when using polyoxyethylene glycol and 15-to be preced with the mixed solvent of-5 simultaneously, just can obtain excellent effect of the present invention, and when using one-component, products collection efficiency has obvious reduction.
Comparative example 1
Contriver has also investigated the response situation that substituent R is phenyl, specifically the t-Bu (tertiary butyl) in embodiment 1 is replaced with phenyl, and other operation is all identical, thus repeat to implement embodiment 1, obtain comparative example 1, the productive rate of product is only 59.6%, has and significantly reduces.
Contriver think may be due to R be phenyl time, make owing to there occurs conjugative effect cloud density sharply increase, cause the cloud density on the phenyl that is connected with vinyl more than for larger during the tertiary butyl, thus the difficulty that result in double bond addition increase.
As mentioned above, two (trifluoromethyl) that the invention provides a kind of distyryl compound changes reaction method, thus obtain the compound of trifluoromethyl replacement, described method passes through comprehensive selection and the coordination of catalyzer, promotor, organic solvent etc., thus high yield can obtain object product, have a good application prospect and industrial production potential in organic chemical synthesis field.
Should be appreciated that the purposes of these embodiments is only not intended to for illustration of the present invention limit the scope of the invention.In addition; also should understand; after having read technology contents of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various change, amendment and/or modification to the present invention, and these all equivalent form of values fall within the protection domain that the application's appended claims limits equally.