CN104973970A - Slope-protection herbaceous plant three-level slow-release blended fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Slope-protection herbaceous plant three-level slow-release blended fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104973970A
CN104973970A CN201510392131.3A CN201510392131A CN104973970A CN 104973970 A CN104973970 A CN 104973970A CN 201510392131 A CN201510392131 A CN 201510392131A CN 104973970 A CN104973970 A CN 104973970A
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fertilizer
period
weight part
nucleome
growth
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许文年
薛海龙
夏振尧
刘大翔
牛鹏辉
张伦
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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Abstract

A slope-protection herbaceous plant three-level slow-release blended fertilizer is characterized in that the fertilizer is prepared by mixing a germination-period fertilizer, a developmental-period fertilizer and a growth-period fertilizer, wherein the germination-period fertilizer comprises particles composed of a germination-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body and a germination-period fertilizer hydrogel layer wrapping the germination-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body; the developmental-period fertilizer comprises particles composed of a developmental-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body, and a developmental-period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer and a developmental-period fertilizer hydrogel layer which wrap the developmental-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body from the inside to the outside; and the growth-period fertilizer comprises particles composed of a growth-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body, and a growth-period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer, a growth-period fertilizer diatomite layer and a growth-period fertilizer hydrogel layer which wrap the growth-period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core body from the inside to the outside. The slope-protection herbaceous plant three-level slow-release blended fertilizer and a preparation method thereof provided by the invention better ensure that slope-protection herbaceous plants obtain essential fertilizer nutrients in the whole process of growth cycle, healthy growth of the slope-protection herbaceous plants in growth stages is promoted, and the utilization efficiency of the fertilizer is improved.

Description

A kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to inorganic mixed organic fertilizer technical field, especially a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At modern agriculture,, in the production of the association areas such as livestock industry, there is many new-type fertilizers in forestry, have composite fertilizer, fertilizer, bio-fertilizer, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, biological organic fertilizer, Organic-inorganic biological fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, Controlled Release Fertilizer, these fertilizer differ from one another.Composite fertilizer has that nutrient content is high, minor component is few, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, the advantages such as convenient are used in storage, in the better growth sooner of promotion plant, play important role.
Three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers are a kind of important classifications in slow-release fertilizer, the research emphasis of Ye Shi China Growth of Chemical Fertilizer Industry, its slowly-releasing principle is the hydrophobic substance at fertiliser granulates Surface coating thin layer, thus the nutrient of inside is discharged in soil slowly, constantly to plant-growth supply nutrient, effectively raise the utilization ratio of fertilizer.But existing slow-release compound fertilizer also exists certain shortcoming, be mainly manifested in nutrients ratio relatively fixing, be difficult to meet bank protection herbaceous plant Different growth phases to the demand of nutrition, thus reduce fertilizer efficiency, affect plant-growth, cause the underproduction reduction of income.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers and preparation method thereof, existing fertilizer nutrient ratio can be solved relatively fixing, fertilizer utilization efficiency is generally on the low side, faint to the improving effect of soil, bank protection herbaceous plant Different growth phases can not be met to the deficiency of the demand of nutrition, ensure that bank protection herbaceous plant obtains required fertilizer nutrient in growth cycle whole process better, promote that bank protection herbaceous plant is at the healthy growth growing each stage, improve soil property simultaneously, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, this fertilizer by germination period fertilizer, growth period fertilizer and vegetative period fertilizer mixed preparing form, the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50;
Wherein, germination period fertilizer is by germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome and is wrapped in the particle that the germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer outside germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome forms;
Growth period fertilizer is by growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome, is wrapped in the particle that growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer outside growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome and growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer form from the inside to the outside;
Vegetative period fertilizer be by vegetative period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome, be from the inside to the outside wrapped in fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period outside fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period, vegetative period fertilizer diatomite layer and particle that vegetative period, fertilizer hydrogel layer formed.
The weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is preferably:
Germination period fertilizer 22, growth period fertilizer 35, vegetative period fertilizer 45.
A preparation method for above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of germination period fertilizer:
1-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 13-16 part, phosphoric acid diamines 12-15 part, potassium sulfate 4-5 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
1-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
1-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 1-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
1-4) by step 1-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome to it;
1-5) by step 1-4) the inorganic fertilizer nucleome made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making inorganic fertilizer nucleome be wrapped up rear formation germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained germination period fertilizer;
2) preparation of growth period fertilizer:
2-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 10-13 part, phosphoric acid diamines 15-18 part, potassium sulfate 9-10 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 30-40 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
2-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
2-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 2-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
2-4) by step 2-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome to it;
2-5) by step 2-4) the growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome made adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer core surface completely form growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer;
2-6) by step 2-5) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained growth period fertilizer;
3) vegetative period fertilizer preparation:
3-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 5-8 part, phosphoric acid diamines 10-15 part, potassium sulfate 5-6 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 50-60 part, diatomite powder 20-25 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
3-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
3-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 3-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
3-4) by step 3-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period to it;
3-5) by step 3-4) the fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period made adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (6) outside surface formation in vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period completely;
3-6) by step 3-5) obtained fertiliser granulates adds in the diatomite powder of above-mentioned weight part, put into granulating disc to carry out second time and to roll granulation, diatomite is wrapped in completely vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer outside surface and forms fertilizer diatomite layer in vegetative period;
3-7) by step 3-6) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation fertilizer in vegetative period hydrogel layer completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
Namely fertilizer in vegetative period is obtained;
4) by above-mentioned three kinds of obtained fertilizer by weight:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50 weight part mixed preparing, i.e. obtained above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers.
Step 1-5) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
Step 2-6) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
Step 3-7) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
Step 1-4), 2-4) and 3-4) in, the moulding male and female mold of employing is: the hemispherical-shaped aperture plate face of plate body evenly offering multiple indent.
Environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture.
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
A kind of bank protection herbaceous plant provided by the invention three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers and preparation method thereof, its composition of raw materials weight part is according to soil available nutrient contamination characteristic and bank protection herbaceous plant desired nutritional composition, quantity and regulation of fertilizer requirement thereof, and formulate by the target effect that different bank protection herbaceous plant is predetermined, its beneficial effect is as follows:
1, improve the herbal percentage of germination of bank protection and surviving rate, improve slope soil physico-chemical property, improve fertilizer utilization efficiency, reduce the difficulty making slow-release fertilizer, solve the key problem in technology how slow-release fertilizer controls slow release speed, overcome the problem that slow-release fertilizer cost is high.
2, after using, the inorganic fertilizer nucleome of germination period fertilizer first dissolves by a certain percentage, ensure that each nutritive ingredient is fully dissolved in plant-growth early stage, compensate for the bank protection herbal growth stage not enough because fertilizer first will be dissolved in the fertilizer that water causes by plant utilization again, growth period fertilizer adds fowl dung fermentation fertilizer fertilizer integument on growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome top layer, except the trace elements such as supplementary n-p-k element and calcium magnesium sulphur, reach slow release effect by parcel; Vegetative period, fertilizer added diatomite layer, diatomite adsorption performance is stronger, the release of nutrient can be controlled further, bank protection herbaceous plant can be made better to obtain required fertilizer nutrient in growth cycle whole process, promote that bank protection herbaceous plant is at the normal growth growing each stage.
3, preparation method's technical difficulty is little, and production cost is low, easy to use, and preparation flexibly, is easily promoted.
4, the change that obtained environment sensitive type hydrogel self energy sensing external environment is small or stimulation, and can corresponding physical structure be produced and chemical property even suddenlys change, initial form can be returned to after deformation, can long-term role, the minor alteration of soil physico-chemical property can better be responded, thus delay control slowly-releasing more targetedly.
5, formula Raw wide material sources, take full advantage of raw material common in daily life production, while reduction production cost, improve the single fixing phenomenon of conventional composite fertilizer nutrient, mode preparation method adopting three class fertilizer mix-with inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is the germination period fertilizer of core, with inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is core, with containing a large amount of organic and multiple in, trace element fowl dung fermentation fertilizer be carrier growth period fertilizer and with inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium is core, with containing a large amount of organic and multiple in, the fowl dung fermentation fertilizer of trace element is carrier, at bag by fertilizer in diatomaceous vegetative period, coordinate functional adjustment release function of cohering material, the high efficiency of inorganic fertilizer and the long-lasting of fertilizer are in one, thus reach the effect of breeding combination and agricultural sustainable development.
6, achieve " the three fertile unifications " of bulk blending slow release fertilizer, fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer; Also be simultaneously be means with slowly-releasing, controlled release efficient, long-acting, synergy are " triple effect unification " all over the body.Compared with common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, the most outstanding feature of the present invention to be applied fertilizer to bank protection herbaceous plant targetedly, ensure that nutrient is sufficient simultaneously, in good time suitablely, also have in addition and reduce fertilizer amount, improve chemical fertilizer utilization ratio, improve quality of agricultural product, reduce production cost, to preserve the ecological environment and as advantages such as pollution-free food production data; There is equilibrium the effects such as nutrition, culture fertility, the resistance of enhancing crop, the objectionable impurities improved in quality of agricultural product and reduction agricultural-food are provided, thus ensure the supply of nutrient at each growth period, fertilizer efficiency is more lasting, for the whole period of plant growth provides good growing environment, improve soil vitality, reduce disease and pest.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of germination period fertiliser granulates of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of growth period fertiliser granulates of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of growth period fertiliser granulates of the present invention;
The structural representation of moulding male and female mold of Fig. 4 for adopting in preparation method of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment one
As Figure 1-3, a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, this fertilizer by germination period fertilizer, growth period fertilizer and vegetative period fertilizer mixed preparing form, the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 20, growth period fertilizer 30, vegetative period fertilizer 40;
Wherein, germination period fertilizer is by germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 and is wrapped in the particle that the germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 outside germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 forms;
Growth period fertilizer is by growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3, is wrapped in the particle that growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4 outside growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 and growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 form from the inside to the outside;
Vegetative period fertilizer be by vegetative period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6, be from the inside to the outside wrapped in fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 in vegetative period outside fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period, vegetative period fertilizer diatomite layer 8 and particle that vegetative period, fertilizer hydrogel layer 9 formed.
The particle diameter of germination period fertiliser granulates is 3.0-3.5 millimeter;
The particle diameter of growth period fertiliser granulates is 3.5-5.0 millimeter;
Vegetative period, the particle diameter of fertiliser granulates was 5.0-6.5 millimeter.
Embodiment two
As Figure 1-3, a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, this fertilizer by germination period fertilizer, growth period fertilizer and vegetative period fertilizer mixed preparing form, the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 25, growth period fertilizer 40, vegetative period fertilizer 50;
Wherein, germination period fertilizer is by germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 and is wrapped in the particle that the germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 outside germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 forms;
Growth period fertilizer is by growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3, is wrapped in the particle that growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4 outside growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 and growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 form from the inside to the outside;
Vegetative period fertilizer be by vegetative period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6, be from the inside to the outside wrapped in fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 in vegetative period outside fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period, vegetative period fertilizer diatomite layer 8 and particle that vegetative period, fertilizer hydrogel layer 9 formed.
The particle diameter of germination period fertiliser granulates is 3.0-3.5 millimeter;
The particle diameter of growth period fertiliser granulates is 3.5-5.0 millimeter;
Vegetative period, the particle diameter of fertiliser granulates was 5.0-6.5 millimeter.
Embodiment three
As Figure 1-3, a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, this fertilizer by germination period fertilizer, growth period fertilizer and vegetative period fertilizer mixed preparing form, the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 22, growth period fertilizer 35, vegetative period fertilizer 45;
Wherein, germination period fertilizer is by germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 and is wrapped in the particle that the germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 outside germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 forms;
Growth period fertilizer is by growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3, is wrapped in the particle that growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4 outside growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 and growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 form from the inside to the outside;
Vegetative period fertilizer be by vegetative period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6, be from the inside to the outside wrapped in fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 in vegetative period outside fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period, vegetative period fertilizer diatomite layer 8 and particle that vegetative period, fertilizer hydrogel layer 9 formed.
The particle diameter of germination period fertiliser granulates is 3.0-3.5 millimeter;
The particle diameter of growth period fertiliser granulates is 3.5-5.0 millimeter;
Vegetative period, the particle diameter of fertiliser granulates was 5.0-6.5 millimeter.
Embodiment four
A preparation method for above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of germination period fertilizer:
1-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
13 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 12 parts, potassium sulfate 4 parts, 80-100 order starch 10 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10 parts;
1-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
1-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 1-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
1-4) by step 1-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 to it;
1-5) by step 1-4) the inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 be wrapped up rear formation germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained germination period fertilizer;
2) preparation of growth period fertilizer:
2-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
10 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 15 parts, potassium sulfate 9 parts, 80-100 order starch 10 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powders 30 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10 parts;
2-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
2-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 2-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
2-4) by step 2-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 to it;
2-5) by step 2-4) the growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 made adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 surface completely form growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4;
2-6) by step 2-5) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained growth period fertilizer;
3) vegetative period fertilizer preparation:
3-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
5 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 10 parts, potassium sulfate 5 parts, 80-100 order starch 10 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 50 parts, 500 order diatomite powders 20 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10 parts;
3-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
3-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 3-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
3-4) by step 3-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condenses into particle to it, forms fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period;
3-5) by step 3-4) the fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period made 6 adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 outside surface formation in vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period 7 completely;
3-6) by step 3-5) obtained fertiliser granulates adds in the diatomite powder of above-mentioned weight part, put into granulating disc to carry out second time and to roll granulation, diatomite is wrapped in completely vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 outside surface and forms fertilizer diatomite layer 8 in vegetative period;
3-7) by step 3-6) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation fertilizer in vegetative period hydrogel layer 9 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
Namely fertilizer in vegetative period is obtained;
4) by above-mentioned three kinds of obtained fertilizer by weight:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50 weight part mixed preparing, i.e. obtained above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers.
Embodiment five
A preparation method for above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of germination period fertilizer:
1-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
16 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 15 parts, potassium sulfate 5 parts, 80-100 order starch 15 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 15 parts;
1-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
1-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 1-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
1-4) by step 1-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 to it;
1-5) by step 1-4) the inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 be wrapped up rear formation germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained germination period fertilizer;
2) preparation of growth period fertilizer:
2-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
13 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 18 parts, potassium sulfate 10 parts, 80-100 order starch 15 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powders 40 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 15 parts;
2-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
2-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 2-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
2-4) by step 2-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 to it;
2-5) by step 2-4) the growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 made adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 surface completely form growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4;
2-6) by step 2-5) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained growth period fertilizer;
3) vegetative period fertilizer preparation:
3-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
8 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 15 parts, potassium sulfate 6 parts, 80-100 order starch 15 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 60 parts, 500 order diatomite powders 25 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 15 parts;
3-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
3-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 3-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
3-4) by step 3-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condenses into particle to it, forms fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period;
3-5) by step 3-4) the fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period made 6 adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 outside surface formation in vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period 7 completely;
3-6) by step 3-5) obtained fertiliser granulates adds in the diatomite powder of above-mentioned weight part, put into granulating disc to carry out second time and to roll granulation, diatomite is wrapped in completely vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 outside surface and forms fertilizer diatomite layer 8 in vegetative period;
3-7) by step 3-6) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation fertilizer in vegetative period hydrogel layer 9 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
Namely fertilizer in vegetative period is obtained;
4) by above-mentioned three kinds of obtained fertilizer by weight:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50 weight part mixed preparing, i.e. obtained above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers.
Embodiment six
A preparation method for above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of germination period fertilizer:
1-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
15 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 13 parts, potassium sulfate 4.5 parts, 80-100 order starch 12 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 12 parts;
1-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
1-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 1-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
1-4) by step 1-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 to it;
1-5) by step 1-4) the inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making inorganic fertilizer nucleome 1 be wrapped up rear formation germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer 2 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained germination period fertilizer;
2) preparation of growth period fertilizer:
2-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
12 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 17 parts, potassium sulfate 9.5 parts, 80-100 order starch 13 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powders 35 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 12 parts;
2-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
2-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 2-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
2-4) by step 2-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condense into particle, form growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 to it;
2-5) by step 2-4) the growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 made adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 3 surface completely form growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 4;
2-6) by step 2-5) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer 5 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained growth period fertilizer;
3) vegetative period fertilizer preparation:
3-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
6 parts, urea, phosphoric acid diamines 13 parts, potassium sulfate 5.5 parts, 80-100 order starch 12 parts, 500 order fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 55 parts, 500 order diatomite powders 22 parts, environment sensitive type hydrogel 13 parts;
3-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
3-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 3-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
3-4) by step 3-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and carries out cooling (3-5 minute), condenses into particle to it, forms fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 in vegetative period;
3-5) by step 3-4) the fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period made 6 adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome 6 outside surface formation in vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period 7 completely;
3-6) by step 3-5) obtained fertiliser granulates adds in the diatomite powder of above-mentioned weight part, put into granulating disc to carry out second time and to roll granulation, diatomite is wrapped in completely vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer 7 outside surface and forms fertilizer diatomite layer 8 in vegetative period;
3-7) by step 3-6) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation fertilizer in vegetative period hydrogel layer 9 completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
Namely fertilizer in vegetative period is obtained;
4) by above-mentioned three kinds of obtained fertilizer by weight:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50 weight part mixed preparing, i.e. obtained above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers.
Embodiment seven
In above-described embodiment four-six, environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture.
The preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
The moulding male and female mold adopted as shown in Figure 4.

Claims (9)

1. bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that: this fertilizer by germination period fertilizer, growth period fertilizer and vegetative period fertilizer mixed preparing form, the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50;
Wherein, germination period fertilizer is by germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) and is wrapped in the particle that germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer (2) outward forms;
Growth period fertilizer is by growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (3), is wrapped in the particle that outer growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (4) growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (3) and growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer (5) form from the inside to the outside;
Fertilizer was by fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period (6), was wrapped in the particle formed in fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period (7) outward in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period (6), fertilizer diatomite layer in vegetative period (8) and fertilizer hydrogel layer in vegetative period (9) from the inside to the outside vegetative period.
2. a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 1 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that the weight part of three kinds of fertilizer is respectively:
Germination period fertilizer 22, growth period fertilizer 35, vegetative period fertilizer 45.
3. a preparation method for above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) preparation of germination period fertilizer:
1-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 13-16 part, phosphoric acid diamines 12-15 part, potassium sulfate 4-5 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
1-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
1-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 1-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
1-4) by step 1-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form germination period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) to it;
1-5) by step 1-4) the inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making inorganic fertilizer nucleome (1) be wrapped up rear formation germination period fertilizer hydrogel layer (2) completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature
I.e. obtained germination period fertilizer;
2) preparation of growth period fertilizer:
2-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 10-13 part, phosphoric acid diamines 15-18 part, potassium sulfate 9-10 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 30-40 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
2-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
2-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 2-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
2-4) by step 2-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (3) to it;
2-5) by step 2-4) growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (3) of making adds in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in growth period fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (3) surface completely form growth period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (4);
2-6) by step 2-5) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation growth period fertilizer hydrogel layer (5) completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
I.e. obtained growth period fertilizer;
3) vegetative period fertilizer preparation:
3-1) prepare the raw material of following weight part:
Urea 5-8 part, phosphoric acid diamines 10-15 part, potassium sulfate 5-6 part, 80-100 order starch 10-15 part, fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder 50-60 part, diatomite powder 20-25 part, environment sensitive type hydrogel 10-15 part;
3-2) urea of above-mentioned weight part, phosphoric acid diamines and potassium sulfate are mixed, the water adding 50-60 weight part makes mixture fully dissolve formation mixing solutions;
3-3) starch of above-mentioned weight part is added step 3-2) in the mixing solutions made, heat, until again fully dissolve, be uniformly mixed solution and make it form colloid;
3-4) by step 3-3) colloid made pours on moulding male and female mold and cools, condense into particle, form fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period (6) to it;
3-5) by step 3-4) fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome in vegetative period (6) of making add in fowl dung fermentation fertilizer powder, put into granulating disc and carry out rolling granulation, until fowl dung fermentation fertilizer is wrapped in fertilizer inorganic fertilizer nucleome (6) outside surface formation in vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer in vegetative period (7) completely;
3-6) by step 3-5) obtained fertiliser granulates adds in the diatomite powder of above-mentioned weight part, put into granulating disc to carry out second time and to roll granulation, diatomite is wrapped in completely vegetative period fertilizer chicken manure organic fertilizer layer (7) outside surface and forms fertilizer diatomite layer in vegetative period (8);
3-7) by step 3-6) fertiliser granulates made adds in the environment sensitive type hydrogel of above-mentioned weight part and carries out granulation, after making fertiliser granulates be wrapped up rear formation fertilizer in vegetative period hydrogel layer (9) completely by hydrogel, oven drying at low temperature,
Namely fertilizer in vegetative period is obtained;
4) by above-mentioned three kinds of obtained fertilizer by weight:
Germination period fertilizer 20-25, growth period fertilizer 30-40, vegetative period fertilizer 40-50 weight part mixed preparing, i.e. obtained above-mentioned bank protection herbaceous plant three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers.
4. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 3 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that: step 1-5) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
5. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 3 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that: step 2-6) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
6. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 3 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that: step 3-7) in, the temperature of oven drying at low temperature is 60-80 degree Celsius.
7. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 3 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, it is characterized in that step 1-4), 2-4) and 3-4) in, the moulding male and female mold of employing is: the hemispherical-shaped aperture (11) the plate face of plate body (10) evenly offering multiple indent.
8. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 3 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
Take polymerization single polymerization monomer as raw material, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide is linking agent, and 2-oxoglutaric acid is light trigger, and polyvinyl alcohol or chitosan solution are polymeric additive, adopts environment sensitive type hydrogel prepared by light initiation polymerization method;
Wherein, polymerization single polymerization monomer is any one in diacetone-acryloamide(DAA), acrylamide or vinylformic acid or multiple mixture.
9. the preparation method of a kind of bank protection herbaceous plant according to claim 8 three grades of bulk blending slow release fertilizers, is characterized in that the preparation method of above-mentioned environment sensitive type hydrogel is:
A, preparation pre-gathering solutions
With following raw material for solute:
Polymerization single polymerization monomer 75-99.7 weight part, 2-oxoglutaric acid 0.1-1 weight part, N, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide 0.1-25 weight part, polymeric additive 0.1-10 weight part;
Take deionized water as solvent, the mass ratio of solute and solvent is 1:50;
Be mixed with pre-gathering solutions;
Under b, the pre-gathering solutions made by step a are placed in ultraviolet radiation, expose direct polymerization after 5-30 minute and become cross-linked polymer;
C, the cross-linked polymer made by step b put into the apparatus,Soxhlet's deionized water extracting 20-28 hour boiled, and put into vacuum drying oven dry after taking-up, i.e. obtained described environment sensitive type hydrogel.
CN201510392131.3A 2015-07-07 2015-07-07 Slope-protection herbaceous plant three-level slow-release blended fertilizer and preparation method thereof Pending CN104973970A (en)

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