CN104973567B - Liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction system and application method thereof - Google Patents

Liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction system and application method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104973567B
CN104973567B CN201510167935.3A CN201510167935A CN104973567B CN 104973567 B CN104973567 B CN 104973567B CN 201510167935 A CN201510167935 A CN 201510167935A CN 104973567 B CN104973567 B CN 104973567B
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hydrogen
source material
liquid hydrogen
liquid
storage
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CN104973567A (en
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程寒松
程健
林安
管龙
管一龙
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Wuhan hydrogen energy Co., Ltd.
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Jiangsu Qingyang Energy Co Ltd
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Priority to JP2018500846A priority patent/JP6506468B2/en
Priority to US15/557,746 priority patent/US10586993B2/en
Priority to PCT/CN2016/078759 priority patent/WO2016161955A1/en
Priority to EP16776130.3A priority patent/EP3281912A4/en
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Abstract

The invention discloses a liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction system and an application method thereof. The dehydrogenation system comprises a storage device used for storing a liquid hydrogen source material and a liquid hydrogen-storage carrier, a reaction kettle used for dehydrogenating the liquid hydrogen source material, a buffering tank used for storing hydrogen gas, and a heating device arranged outside the reaction kettle and used for heating the reaction kettle. According to the invention, the liquid hydrogen source material is delivered into the reaction kettle through a pump; the liquid hydrogen source material is dehydrogenated in the reaction kettle; produced hydrogen gas is delivered to the buffering tank; and residual liquid hydrogen-storage carrier is delivered back to the hydrogen storage tank. The normal-temperature normal-pressure liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation system provided by the invention is used for carrying out a dehydrogenation reaction upon the liquid hydrogen source material. The produced hydrogen gas is supplied for a fuel cell or an internal combustion engine. The hydrogen gas is converted into electrical energy or mechanical energy which can be applied in various industrial and civil fields such as automobiles, electrical power, energy storage, chemical engineering, pharmacy, and mobile devices.

Description

A kind of dehydrogenation reactor system and its using method of liquid hydrogen source material
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic liquid hydrogen storage technology field, more particularly to a kind of dehydrogenation of normal temperature and pressure liquid hydrogen source material System and its using method.
Background technology
Development new forms of energy are chosen with substituting or partly substituting the maximum that non-renewable Fossil fuel is this century facing mankind One of war.In the promulgation of State Council's last year《" 12 " national strategy new industry development plan》In, with hydrogen energy fuel electricity The new forms of energy and new-energy automobile that Chi Wei is represented individually are listed as industry direction is given priority to, and are proposed clearly Developing goal and development course.Hydrogen Energy, because raw material sources are extensive, pollution-free and energy conversion efficiency is high, is to solve following cleaning The first-selected new energy technology of energy demand problem.
Hydrogen Technology includes that the scale of hydrogen is prepared, stored and transport, high efficiency use and the construction of supporting infrastructure Etc. link, wherein storage and transport, it is safely and effectively one of most critical technology using Hydrogen Energy to be.At present, industrially mainly adopt The storaging and transport technology such as High Pressure Hydrogen under -253 DEG C of liquefying hydrogens or 350~700 atmospheric pressure, High Pressure Hydrogen or liquefying hydrogen technology and its It is more than 20 times of hydrogen manufacturing cost using required energy consumption, and there is the potential safety hazards such as leakage or hydrogen container hypertonia.If energy It is enough to adsorb hydrogen molecule on certain carrier, the safe storage under normal temperature and pressure is realized, when to be used, can be by hydrogen in temperate condition Under, controllable release then effectively can use Hydrogen Energy safely.Therefore, the main industrial country in the whole world is all based on room temperature in research and development The liquid organic hydrogen storage technology of normal pressure.By taking Germany as an example, the liquid organic hydrogen storage technology of exploitation can be realized compared with temperate condition The circulation of suction/put hydrogen, but discharge hydrogen when the byproduct gas containing toxic fuel cell produce, while capacity is low and uses The major defects such as inconvenience;Japan is currently in development the hydrogen storage technology based on the tradition organic material such as toluene, but desorption temperature Too high (being more than 300 DEG C), and equally exist the problem that by-product poisons fuel cell.Thus both hydrogen storage technology scales should With being restricted.
At present, liquid organic hydrogen storage material of the main industrial country in the whole world all in research and development based on normal temperature and pressure.Germany opens The liquid organic hydrogen storage material sent out can be realized compared with the circulation of the suction under temperate condition/put hydrogen, but there is the hydrogen of hydrogen storage material release Gas contains the gas of toxic fuel cell and in-convenience in use waits major defect;Japan is currently in development based on to methylbenzene etc. The hydrogen storage technology of traditional organic material, but desorption temperature too high (be more than 300 DEG C), and equally exist by-product and poison fuel cell Problem, thus scale application cannot be realized.
Sustainable energy laboratory research team of China Geological Univ. Wuhan, in Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee's second batch " thousand people plan " journey Under the leading of cold pine professor, on former U.S.'s working foundation, by long-term exploration and research, it was found that a fluid-like state is organic common Molecular conjugate hydrogen storage material, such material have fusing point low as little as -20 DEG C of the technology of exploitation (at present), flash-point it is high (150 DEG C with On) and under self-control effective catalyst effect, the spy such as release gas purity height (99.99%), desorption temperature low (about 150 DEG C) Point, and cycle life height (more than 2000 times), reversibility are strong, and do not produce the gas that carbon monoxide etc. poisons fuel cell. Used as the carrier of hydrogen, this kind of material is present in a liquid-like manner all the time in use, can be the same in normal temperature and pressure with image-stone oil Lower storage and transport, completely using existing gasoline mode of movement and gas station's framework.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of dehydrogenation system of normal temperature and pressure liquid hydrogen source material, and provide using the system The method that hydrogen is provided.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions:A kind of dehydrogenation reaction system of liquid hydrogen source material System, including:
For storing liquid hydrogen source material and the storage facilities of liquid hydrogen storage carrier;
For by the reactor of liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation;
For storing the surge tank of hydrogen;
Reactor outside is arranged on for the heater of reacting by heating kettle;
Liquid hydrogen source material Jing input pipes are input into by the reactor by pump, liquid hydrogen source material is carried out in reactor Dehydrogenation reaction, the hydrogen of generation is transported to surge tank, while the liquid hydrogen storage carrier produced after dehydrogenation is transmitted back to into hydrogen storage Tank.
The liquid hydrogen storage carrier includes at least two different hydrogen storage components, and hydrogen storage component is unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon or miscellaneous Ring unsaturated compound, and at least one hydrogen storage component is low-melting compound, the fusing point of low-melting compound is less than 80 DEG C.
The storage facilities is provided with the space for depositing liquid hydrogen source material and liquid hydrogen storage carrier respectively.
The storage facilities includes the second of the first holding vessel of storage liquid hydrogen source material and storage liquid hydrogen storage carrier Holding vessel.
The reactor is board-like, shell and tube or tower.
Dehydrogenation is filled with the reactor.
It is provided between the reactor and surge tank for by the gas-liquid separation of liquid hydrogen storage carrier and Hydrogen Separation Device.
The surge tank connection hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell.
Heater outside the reactor be waste heat exchanger, electric heater, electromagnetic heater or microwave applicator, Preheating device is provided with outside the pipe.Liquid hydrogen source material in the storage facilities is directly entered reactor and enters by preheating Row dehydrogenation reaction.
Heater outside the reactor is that reactor is heated by the heat-conducting medium in pipeline, described to add Thermal connects the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged, the firing equipment and pipe by pipeline The heat-conducting medium of road heat-transfer equipment flowing is storing liquid hydrogen source material.The liquid hydrogen source material is introduced into hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen The pipe heat-transfer equipment that fuel cell external is arranged, the heat that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell are produced is passed by heater After leading to reactor, entering back into reactor carries out dehydrogenation reaction.
A kind of method that use hydrogen response system provides hydrogen, by pump by the liquid hydrogen source material being stored in storage facilities Reactor is input into after preheating, the liquid hydrogen source material reaction in the presence of dehydrogenation under 120~200 DEG C of 0.2MPa atmospheric pressure Release hydrogen and produce liquid hydrogen storage carrier, hydrogen is admitted to surge tank, is then fed to hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell, liquid State hydrogen storage carrier is sent back to storage facilities.
A kind of method that dehydrogenation reactor system provides hydrogen, is sent the liquid hydrogen source material being stored in storage facilities by pump Enter the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged, reactor is entered by heater, 120~200 The reaction of liquid hydrogen source material is released hydrogen and produces liquid hydrogen storage load in the presence of dehydrogenation under DEG C 0.2MPa atmospheric pressure Body, hydrogen is admitted to surge tank, is then fed to hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell, and liquid hydrogen storage carrier is sent back to storage and sets It is standby.
The dehydrogenation system of normal temperature and pressure liquid hydrogen source material provided by the present invention is used to be taken off liquid hydrogen storage material Hydrogen reacts, the hydrogen of generation supply fuel cell or internal combustion engine, be converted into electric energy or mechanical energy be applied to automobile, power supply, The various industry such as energy storage, chemical industry, pharmacy, movement and civil area.The features and advantages of the present invention are from accompanying drawing and following detailed To be illustrated in further detail in description.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the dehydrogenation system of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the dehydrogenation system of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Specific embodiment
With reference to specific drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
Liquid hydrogen storage carrier is a kind of hydrogen storage system that liquid can be at normal temperatures and pressures presented, including at least two different Hydrogen storage component, hydrogen storage component is unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocycle unsaturated compound, and at least one hydrogen storage component is low melting point Compound, the fusing point of low-melting compound is less than 80 DEG C.
Further, hydrogen storage component be selected from heterocycle unsaturated compound, the hetero atom in heterocycle unsaturated compound be N, One or more in S, O and P.
Further, the sum of heterocycle and aromatic ring is 1~20 in heterocycle unsaturated compound, heteroatomic sum for 1~ 20。
Further, for the gross mass of liquid hydrogen storage system, the mass fraction of low-melting compound is 5~ 95%.
Further, liquid hydrogen storage system also includes hydrogenation additive, and hydrogenation additive is polar solvent and/or nonpolar Solvent.
Further, for every gram of hydrogen storage component, the addition for being hydrogenated with additive is 0.1~10mL.
Further, different hydrogen storage components be respectively selected from benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, o-Dimethylbenzene, xylol, styrene, Phenylacetylene, anthracene, naphthalene, fluorenes, aniline, carbazole, N- methyl carbazoles, N- ethyl carbazoles, N- n-pro-pyl carbazoles, N- isopropylcarbazoles, N- Normal-butyl carbazole, indole, N- methylindole, N- ethylindoles, N- propyl indoles, quinoline, isoquinolin, pyridine, pyrroles, furan, Group and its derivant that benzofuran, thiophene, pyrimidine and imidazoles are constituted.
Further, polar solvent selected from ethanol, methanol, ether, methyl ether, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, Methanamide, isopropanol, One or more in n-butyl alcohol, dioxane, n-butyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dichloromethane, chloroform and dichloroethanes.
Further, non-polar solven is selected from normal hexane, pentane, hexamethylene, sym-trimethylbenzene., Carbon bisulfide, petroleum ether And one or more in carbon tetrachloride.
Further, hydrogen storage system also includes dehydrogenation additive, and dehydrogenation additive is selected from decahydronaphthalenes, sym-trimethylbenzene., stone One or more in oily ether and phenylate.
Further, for every gram of hydrogen storage component, the addition of dehydrogenation additive is 0.1~10mL.
Liquid hydrogen storage carrier carries out being hydrogenated with chemical reaction solution state hydrogen source material, liquid in the presence of hydrogenation catalyst Hydrogen source material carries out dehydrogenation chemical reaction in the presence of dehydrogenation and is reduced to liquid hydrogen storage carrier.
For storing liquid hydrogen source material and the storage facilities of liquid hydrogen storage carrier, storage facilities can be holding vessel or Other forms, volume can be miniature or vehicle-mounted or bulk storage tank body.Storage facilities can be provided with deposits respectively liquified hydrogen The space of source material and liquid hydrogen storage carrier:First storage chamber and the second storage chamber, the first and second storage chambers are each provided with defeated Entrance and delivery outlet.The delivery outlet of the first storage chamber is provided with pump, and by the operating of pump, liquid hydrogen source material is transfused to reaction Kettle.Storage facilities can also adopt the holding vessel of storing liquid hydrogen source material and liquid hydrogen storage carrier respectively, each holding vessel point It has not been provided with input port and delivery outlet.
Be provided with preheating device outside the input pipe of connection pump and reactor, preheating device can using electrical heating or other Form, by the liquid hydrogen source material of input reactor 150 DEG C are preheated to.
Reactor can adopt board-like, shell and tube, tower or other forms, inside to be filled with dehydrogenation.
Liquid hydrogen source material is in a kettle. hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier by catalytic decomposition, and product is directly anti- Answer in kettle and separate, the space of surge tank and storage liquid hydrogen storage carrier is transfused to respectively, or product is first transfused to gas-liquid Separated in segregation apparatuss, the hydrogen of generation is transported to surge tank, and liquid hydrogen storage carrier is transmitted back to storage liquid hydrogen storage and is carried The space of body.Hydrogen is transported to fuel cell or internal combustion engine from surge tank.
It is provided with outside reactor for the heater of reacting by heating kettle, heater can be exchanged using used heat Device, microwave heating equipment, electric heater unit, hydrogen heater or other heaters, hydrogen heater is produced using reactor Equipment of the heat that hydrogen partial is produced after being burnt to be heated.Heater is maintained at the temperature outside reactor 120~250 DEG C so that liquid hydrogen source material can 120~200 DEG C inside the reactor at a temperature of carry out dehydrogenation reaction.
Certain embodiments be by pump by the liquid hydrogen source material being stored in storage facilities be input into reactor, 120~200 DEG C The reaction of liquid hydrogen source material is released hydrogen and produces liquid hydrogen storage carrier in the presence of dehydrogenation under 0.2MPa atmospheric pressure, Hydrogen is admitted to surge tank, and liquid hydrogen storage carrier is sent back to storage facilities.
The heater outside kettle is answered heat to reactor by the heat-conducting medium in pipeline, plus hot charging Put and the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged is connected by pipeline, firing equipment and pipe heat-transfer set The heat-conducting medium of standby flowing is storing liquid hydrogen source material.Liquid hydrogen source material is introduced into outside hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell The pipe heat-transfer equipment of setting, reactor is conducted to by the heat that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell are produced by heater Afterwards, entering back into reactor carries out dehydrogenation reaction.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, storage facilities is holding vessel, liquid hydrogen source material and liquid hydrogen storage carrier are stored in respectively different In holding vessel 1, each holding vessel has been respectively arranged with input port and delivery outlet, in the output of storage liquid hydrogen source material holding vessel Mouth is provided with pump 2, and outside the input pipe for connecting pump and reactor preheating device 3 is provided with, and preheating device is electric heater unit.It is logical The operating of pump is crossed, liquid hydrogen source material is transfused to reactor 4.Reactor is tower reactor, and inside is filled with dehydrogenation. Liquid hydrogen source material is broken down in a kettle. hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage carrier, and hydrogen storage carrier is transmitted back to storage hydrogen storage carrier Space.Hydrogen is transported to surge tank 5, is then delivered to fuel cell 6 from surge tank.It is provided with electricity outside reactor to add The temperature of reactor is maintained at 120~250 DEG C by thermal 7.
Embodiment 2
As shown in Fig. 2 storage facilities be on-board storage tank, holding vessel be provided with respectively deposit liquid hydrogen source material liquid and The space of hydrogen storage carrier:First storage chamber 8 and the second storage chamber 9, the first and second storage chambers are each provided with input port and output Mouthful.The delivery outlet of the first storage chamber is provided with pump 2, and outside the input pipe for connecting pump and reactor preheating device 3 is provided with, and preheats Device is the electric heater unit powered by storage battery.By the operating of pump, liquid hydrogen source material is transfused to reactor 4.Reactor is Board-like reactor, inside is filled with dehydrogenation.Liquid hydrogen source material is broken down in a kettle. hydrogen and liquid hydrogen storage Carrier, liquid hydrogen storage carrier is transmitted back to the second storage chamber of storage liquid hydrogen storage carrier.Hydrogen is transported to surge tank 5, so It is delivered to internal combustion engine 10 from surge tank afterwards.It is provided with microwave heating equipment 11 outside reactor to be maintained at the temperature of reactor 120~250 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
Storage facilities is miniature memory tank, and holding vessel is provided with the sky for depositing liquid hydrogen source material and hydrogen storage carrier respectively Between:First storage chamber and the second storage chamber, the first and second storage chambers are each provided with input port and delivery outlet.First storage chamber Delivery outlet is provided with pump.
Liquid hydrogen source material is input into by the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine outside is arranged by pump, hydrogen internal combustion engine is produced Heat be conducted to after reactor by heater, entering back into reactor carries out dehydrogenation reaction, and reactor is tubular reaction Kettle, inside is filled with dehydrogenation.Liquid hydrogen source material is broken down in a kettle. hydrogen and hydrogen storage carrier, hydrogen storage carrier It is transmitted back to the space of storage hydrogen storage carrier.Hydrogen is transported to surge tank, is then delivered to hydrogen internal combustion engine from surge tank.Anti- Answer and electric heater unit is provided with outside kettle makes the temperature of reactor be maintained at 120~250 DEG C.
Although the present invention is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment, embodiment and accompanying drawing be not for limiting the present invention, It is any to be familiar with this those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, can make various changes or retouch from working as, but equally exist Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore protection scope of the present invention should be defined with claims hereof protection domain Be defined.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of dehydrogenation reactor system of liquid hydrogen source material, it is characterised in that include:
For storing liquid hydrogen source material and the storage facilities of liquid hydrogen storage carrier;
For by the reactor of liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation;
For storing the surge tank of hydrogen;
Reactor outside is arranged on for the heater of reacting by heating kettle;
Liquid hydrogen source material Jing input pipes are input into by the reactor by pump, the de- of liquid hydrogen source material is carried out in reactor Hydrogen reacts, and the hydrogen of generation is transported to surge tank, while the liquid hydrogen storage carrier produced after dehydrogenation is transmitted back to into storage facilities;
The surge tank connection hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell;
Heater outside the reactor is that reactor is heated by the heat-conducting medium in pipeline, described plus hot charging Put and the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged is connected by pipeline, the heater and pipeline are passed The heat-conducting medium of hot equipment flowing is the liquid hydrogen source material being stored in storage facilities;
The liquid hydrogen source material is introduced into the pipe heat-transfer equipment that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged, by hydrogen internal combustion The heat that machine or hydrogen fuel cell are produced is conducted to after reactor by heater, and entering back into reactor carries out dehydrogenation reaction.
2. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The liquid hydrogen storage carrier includes at least two Different hydrogen storage components, hydrogen storage component is unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocycle unsaturated compound, and at least one hydrogen storage component is Low-melting compound, the fusing point of low-melting compound is less than 80 DEG C.
3. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The storage facilities is provided with and deposit respectively liquid The space of state hydrogen source material and liquid hydrogen storage carrier.
4. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The storage facilities includes storage liquid hydrogen source First holding vessel of material and the second holding vessel of storage liquid hydrogen storage carrier.
5. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The reactor is board-like, shell and tube or tower Formula.
6. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:Catalysis dehydrogenation is filled with the reactor Agent.
7. dehydrogenation reactor system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:Arrange between the reactor and surge tank Have for by the gas-liquid separation device of liquid hydrogen storage carrier and Hydrogen Separation.
8. a kind of usage right requires the method that the dehydrogenation reactor system described in 1 to 7 any one provides hydrogen, it is characterised in that:It is logical Cross pump and the liquid hydrogen source material being stored in storage facilities is sent into into the pipeline biography that hydrogen internal combustion engine or hydrogen fuel cell outside are arranged Hot equipment, by heater reactor is entered, under 120~200 DEG C of 0.2MPa atmospheric pressure in the presence of dehydrogenation liquid The reaction of state hydrogen source material is released hydrogen and produces liquid hydrogen storage carrier, and hydrogen is admitted to surge tank, is then fed to hydrogen internal combustion engine Or hydrogen fuel cell, liquid hydrogen storage carrier is sent back to storage facilities.
CN201510167935.3A 2015-04-10 2015-04-10 Liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction system and application method thereof Active CN104973567B (en)

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CN201510167935.3A CN104973567B (en) 2015-04-10 2015-04-10 Liquid hydrogen source material dehydrogenation reaction system and application method thereof
JP2018500846A JP6506468B2 (en) 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Dehydrogenation reaction system of liquid hydrogen source material
US15/557,746 US10586993B2 (en) 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Dehydrogenation reaction system for liquid hydrogen source material
PCT/CN2016/078759 WO2016161955A1 (en) 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Dehydrogenation reaction system for liquid hydrogen source material
EP16776130.3A EP3281912A4 (en) 2015-04-10 2016-04-08 Dehydrogenation reaction system for liquid hydrogen source material

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EP3281912A4 (en) 2015-04-10 2018-09-05 Wuhan Hynertech Co. Ltd Dehydrogenation reaction system for liquid hydrogen source material
CN107017420A (en) * 2016-01-28 2017-08-04 武汉氢阳能源有限公司 The fuel cell hydrogen-feeding system that a kind of efficient heat energy is utilized
CN107154506A (en) * 2016-03-04 2017-09-12 杭州聚力氢能科技有限公司 Intelligent power system and method for supplying power to based on liquid hydrogen source and fuel cell
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CN107055470A (en) * 2017-03-10 2017-08-18 同济大学 A kind of hot utilization system of liquid organic hydrogen storage carrier reactor
CN108067172A (en) * 2018-01-17 2018-05-25 北京国能中林科技开发有限公司 The micro passage reaction and method of dehydrogenating of a kind of dehydrogenation reaction suitable for liquid hydrogen source material
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CN110498390B (en) * 2019-09-23 2024-05-10 山西高碳能源低碳化利用研究设计院有限公司 System and method for preparing high-purity hydrogen from coke oven gas
CN112093775A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-18 青岛海望能源科技有限公司 Hydrogen storage system and method for organic liquid hydrogen storage medium and industrial crude hydrogen source
CN112028018B (en) * 2020-09-18 2023-10-13 陕西氢易能源科技有限公司 Industrial crude hydrogen purification and hydrogen storage system and method for organic liquid hydrogen storage medium
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