CN109326806A - A kind of fuel cell system for realizing cold start-up - Google Patents
A kind of fuel cell system for realizing cold start-up Download PDFInfo
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- CN109326806A CN109326806A CN201811412911.XA CN201811412911A CN109326806A CN 109326806 A CN109326806 A CN 109326806A CN 201811412911 A CN201811412911 A CN 201811412911A CN 109326806 A CN109326806 A CN 109326806A
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- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- fuel cell
- heat
- cell system
- water tank
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04029—Heat exchange using liquids
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04268—Heating of fuel cells during the start-up of the fuel cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of fuel cell systems for realizing cold start-up, comprising: Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, heat exchanger, fuel cell, air blower and the first water tank；Dehydrogenation reaction kettle and separator are provided in Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device；The heat exchanger includes concatenated First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and the product of dehydrogenation reaction kettle heats the substance flowed through in two heat exchanger tubes through the heat transferring medium pipe of the first, second heat exchanger as heat transferring medium, later inflow separation device.Fuel cell system of the invention can the effectively and rapidly starting fluid battery in low temperature environment, and without adding external heating device, to reduce energy consumption.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydrogen fuel cell field, in particular to a kind of fuel cell system that can be realized cold start-up.
Background technique
Hydrogen utilization technology can provide stable, efficient, free of contamination power such as hydrogen fuel cell and hydrogen internal combustion engine,
The fields such as electric car and mobile device have a wide range of applications.In the past 10 years, the developed countries such as the U.S., Europe, Japan
And department of the Chinese government and enterprise have put into a huge sum of money to develop " hydrogen economy ", in the preparation of large-scale hydrogen, hydrogen fuel
The fields such as battery all have breakthrough.2015 World Main Auto manufacturer (including upper vapour) Hydrogen Fuel-cell Vehicles will be produced in batches.
According to the prediction of U.S. Department of Energy and American Engineering institute, Hydrogen Fuel-cell Vehicles will replace within 15 years to 20 years existing fuel vehicle and
Hybrid electric vehicle occupies leading position in Global Auto market.In addition, Hydrogen Technology can also be used in backup power source, energy storage, peak clipping are filled out
Paddy formula is generated electricity by way of merging two or more grid systems and the fields such as distributed energy supply, combustion-supporting and environmental protection.It is contemplated that when Hydrogen Technology quickly completes market
After change process incorporates people's lives, national energy crisis and environmental pressure will greatly be alleviated.
General fuel cell is, it is specified that minimum start-up temperature must not be lower than -10 DEG C.And when environment temperature is lower than -10 DEG C,
Fuel cell needs to be cold-started, general to add heater in fuel cell air inlet, hydrogen inlet and cooling water inlet and (disappear
The form of consuming electric power obtains heat), this is also a part of energy consumption to fuel cell system.
Sustainable energy laboratory research team of China Geological Univ. Wuhan, in Organization Department of the CPC Central Committee's second batch " thousand people plan " journey
Under the leading of cold pine professor, on former U.S.'s working foundation, pass through long-term exploration and research, it was found that a fluid-like state is organic total
Molecular conjugate hydrogen storage material, such material have fusing point low (technology developed at present is down to -20 DEG C), flash-point it is high (150 DEG C with
On) and under self-control effective catalyst effect, the spies such as release gas purity high (99.99%), desorption temperature low (about 150 DEG C)
Point, and cycle life high (2000 times or more), invertibity are strong, and carbon monoxide is not generated etc. and poisons the gas of fuel cell.
As the carrier of hydrogen, this kind of material exists in a liquid-like manner always in use, can be the same in normal temperature and pressure with image-stone oil
Lower storage and transport, completely using existing gasoline mode of movement and gas station's framework.Hydrogen is not to exist in the form of molecule,
But by catalytic hydrogenation, it is covalently bound on organic liquid carrier molecule.It can pass through when needing hydrogen using end
Catalytic dehydrogenation step obtains hydrogen.Raw material is oil storage, and product is that hydrogen oil and hydrogen, hydrogen oil are changed into oil storage by catalytic hydrogenation.
Carrier itself is not consumed, and can be added hydrogen again, is repeatedly circulated.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is in view of the drawbacks of the prior art, provide a kind of fuel cell system that can be realized cold start-up
System.
To achieve the goals above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a kind of realize the fuel cell system being cold-started,
It include: Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, heat exchanger, fuel cell, air blower and the first water tank；
Dehydrogenation reaction kettle and separator are wherein provided in the Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, the dehydrogenation reaction kettle is used for storage
Oily to carry out dehydrogenation reaction, oil storage reaction generates product hydrogen oil and hydrogen, and product of the separator for after heat exchanging is separated
And purification；
The heat exchanger includes concatenated First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, be provided in heat exchanger heat transferring medium pipe and
Heat exchanger tube；The dehydrogenation reaction kettle product exit is sequentially connected the heat transferring medium pipe of the first, second heat exchanger by pipeline and divides
Entrance from device；The entrance and exit of the First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube is respectively communicated with the air outlet and fuel cell of air blower
Air intake, the outlet of second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and entrance are respectively communicated with the cooling water of the first water tank and fuel cell
Entrance；Heat transferring medium pipe of the product of dehydrogenation reaction kettle as heat transferring medium through the first, second heat exchanger is to flowing through two heat exchange
Substance in pipe is heated, later inflow separation device.
Further, air blower is directly connected to the air intake of fuel cell by pipeline, and first is provided on pipeline
Valve.
Further, the first water tank and cooling water of fuel cell entrance are directly connected to by pipeline, and the is provided on pipeline
Two valves.
Further, fuel cell system is additionally provided with cooling water outlet, and the cooling water outlet passes through piping connection the
One water tank, the cooling water flowed out from fuel cell flow back to the first water tank.
Further, the water outlet of the first water tank is provided with water pump.
Further, fuel cell system is additionally provided with the second water tank, and the water outlet of second water tank is sequentially communicated
One, the water inlet of the heat exchanger tube of the second heat exchanger and the second water tank.
Further, fuel cell system is additionally provided with the first triple valve and the second triple valve, first triple valve
Three valve ports are respectively communicated with the entrance of the second water outlet of water tank, the air outlet of air blower and First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, and the two or three
Three valve ports of port valve are respectively communicated with the outlet of First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, the air intake of fuel cell and the second heat exchanger and change
The entrance of heat pipe.
Further, fuel cell system is additionally provided with third triple valve and the 4th triple valve, the third triple valve
Three valve ports are respectively communicated with the cooling of the outlet of First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, the entrance of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and fuel cell
Water inlet, three valve ports of the 4th triple valve be respectively communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube, the first water tank water outlet and
The water inlet of second water tank
Further, dehydrogenation is provided in dehydrogenation reaction kettle.
Fuel cell system of the invention can the effectively and rapidly starting fluid battery in low temperature environment, and without adding
External heating device, to reduce energy consumption.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the fuel cell system that embodiment realizes cold start-up.
Specific embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand application scheme, below in conjunction in the embodiment of the present application
Attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only
The embodiment of the application a part, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, all should belong to the model of the application protection
It encloses.
It should be noted that the description and claims of this application and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing, "
Two " etc. be to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that using in this way
Data be interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to embodiments herein described herein.In addition, term " includes " and " tool
Have " and their any deformation, it is intended that cover it is non-exclusive include, for example, containing a series of steps or units
Process, method, system, product or equipment those of are not necessarily limited to be clearly listed step or unit, but may include without clear
Other step or units listing to Chu or intrinsic for these process, methods, product or equipment.
Hydrogen oil (liquid hydrogen storage system) is a kind of hydrogen storage system that liquid can be presented at normal temperatures and pressures, including at least two
Different hydrogen storage components, hydrogen storage group is divided into unsaturated aromatic hydrocarbon or heterocycle unsaturated compound, and at least one hydrogen storage group is divided into
The fusing point of low-melting compound, low-melting compound is lower than 80 DEG C.
Further, hydrogen storage group is selected from heterocycle unsaturated compound, the hetero atom in heterocycle unsaturated compound be N,
S, one of O and P or a variety of.
Further, the sum of heterocycle and aromatic ring is 1~20 in heterocycle unsaturated compound, heteroatomic sum for 1~
20。
Further, for the gross mass of liquid hydrogen storage system, the mass fraction of low-melting compound is 5~
95%.
Further, liquid hydrogen storage system further includes adding hydrogen additive, and adding hydrogen additive is polar solvent and/or nonpolarity
Solvent.
Further, for every gram of hydrogen storage component, adding the additional amount of hydrogen additive is 0.1~10mL.
Further, different hydrogen storage components be respectively selected from benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, ortho-xylene, paraxylene, styrene,
Phenylacetylene, anthracene, naphthalene, fluorenes, aniline, carbazole, N- methyl carbazole, N- ethyl carbazole, N- n-propyl carbazole, N- isopropylcarbazole, N-
Normal-butyl carbazole, indoles, N- methyl indol, N- ethylindole, N- propyl indole, quinoline, isoquinolin, pyridine, pyrroles, furans,
Group composed by benzofuran, thiophene, pyrimidine and imidazoles and its derivative.
Further, polar solvent be selected from ethyl alcohol, methanol, ether, methyl ether, acetonitrile, ethyl acetate, formamide, isopropanol,
One of n-butanol, dioxane, n-butyl ether, isopropyl ether, methylene chloride, chloroform and dichloroethanes are a variety of.
Further, nonpolar solvent is selected from n-hexane, pentane, hexamethylene, mesitylene, carbon disulfide, petroleum ether
And one of carbon tetrachloride or a variety of.
Further, hydrogen storage system further includes dehydrogenation additive, and dehydrogenation additive is selected from decahydronaphthalenes, mesitylene, stone
One of oily ether and phenylate are a variety of.
Further, for every gram of hydrogen storage component, the additional amount of dehydrogenation additive is 0.1~10mL.
Hydrogen oil (liquid hydrogen storage carrier) carries out plus hydrogenated reaction under the action of hydrogenation catalyst and generates oil storage (liquified hydrogen
Source material), oil storage (liquid hydrogen source material) carries out dehydrogenation chemical reaction under the action of dehydrogenation and is reduced to the oily (liquid of hydrogen
Hydrogen storage carrier).
Embodiment
Fuel cell system as shown in Figure 1, comprising: Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device 1, heat exchanger, fuel cell 2, the first water tank 3,
Second water tank 4, water pump 5 and air blower 6.
It is wherein provided with dehydrogenation reaction kettle and separator in Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, is provided with catalysis dehydrogenation in dehydrogenation reaction kettle
Agent, for carrying out dehydrogenation reaction to oil storage, oil storage reaction generates product hydrogen oil and hydrogen, and separator is used for the production after heat exchanging
Object is separated and is purified.
Heat exchanger includes concatenated First Heat Exchanger 7 and the second heat exchanger 8, is respectively arranged with heat transferring medium pipe in heat exchanger
And heat exchanger tube, it is interconnected between the heat transferring medium pipe of two heat exchangers, while being interconnected between heat exchanger tube.
The heat transferring medium tube inlet of the product exit connection First Heat Exchanger of dehydrogenation reaction kettle, the feed inlet of separator connect
The heat transferring medium pipe outlet of the second heat exchanger is connect, the product of dehydrogenation reaction exchanges heat pipe as the heat transferring medium in heat transferring medium pipe
It is heated.
Fuel cell is provided with hydrogen inlet 9, air intake 10, cooling water inlet 11 and cooling water outlet 12.Separation dress
It installs and is equipped with exhaust outlet and leakage fluid dram, exhaust outlet connects the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell.
The air of air outlet and fuel cell that the entrance and exit of First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube is respectively communicated with air blower enters
Mouthful.Air blower is directly connected to the air intake of fuel cell by pipeline, and the first valve 13 is provided on pipeline.Cooling water goes out
For mouth by the first water tank of piping connection, the cooling water flowed out from fuel cell flows back to the first water tank.First water tank and fuel cell
Cooling water inlet is directly connected to by pipeline, and the second valve 14 is provided on pipeline.The water outlet of first water tank is provided with water pump.
First Heat Exchanger heat exchange tube inlet and the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube outlet be separately connected the second water tank water outlet and
Water inlet.
Fuel cell system is additionally provided with the first triple valve 15 and the second triple valve 16, three valve ports point of the first triple valve
It is not connected to the entrance of the second water outlet of water tank, the air outlet of air blower and First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, three of the second triple valve
Valve port is respectively communicated with entering for the outlet of First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, the air intake of fuel cell and the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube
Mouthful.
Fuel cell system is additionally provided with third triple valve 17 and the 4th triple valve 18, three valve ports point of third triple valve
Not Lian Tong First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube outlet, the entrance of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and the cooling water inlet of fuel cell,
Three valve ports of four triple valves are respectively communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube, the water outlet of the first water tank and the second water tank
Water inlet.
Concrete operations are as follows:
The gas-liquid mixture (oil storage and hydrogen) of dehydrogenation reaction kettle output enters back into de- after the heat exchange of two-stage heat exchanger
Separating-purifying in the separator of hydrogen processor, High Purity Hydrogen needed for output fuel cell enter fuel cell, this hydrogen has
Certain temperature, without preheating.
Fuel battery air end: first closing the first valve, the first triple valve of switching connection air blower and First Heat Exchanger
Heat exchange tube inlet, switching the second triple valve connection First Heat Exchanger heat transfer tube outlet and fuel cell air intake.At this time
The air that air blower is brought into is preheated through heat exchanger, into fuel cell.
Fuel cell cold water end: first closing the second valve, and the 4th triple valve of switching connection water pump and the second heat exchanger change
Heat pipe outlet, switching third triple valve connects the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube entrance and fuel cell is cold removes water inlet.Water pump at this time
The cooling water brought into is preheated through heat exchanger, into fuel cell.
(pass through fuel cell interface temperature testing and control) after equal fuel cells preheating, switching the first triple valve connection
First Heat Exchanger heat exchange tube inlet and the second tank outlet, open the first valve, and the second triple valve and third threeway Vavle switching connect
Lead to two heat exchangers, opens the second valve, the 4th triple valve of switching is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and the second water tank enters
Mouthful.The gas-liquid mixture (oil storage and hydrogen) of dehydrogenation unit output is exchanged heat by water tank at this time, reaches heat dissipation purpose.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of realize cold start-up fuel cell system, characterized by comprising: Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, heat exchanger, fuel cell,
Air blower and the first water tank；
Wherein be provided with dehydrogenation reaction kettle and separator in the Dehydroepiandrosterone derivative device, the dehydrogenation reaction kettle be used for oil storage into
Row dehydrogenation reaction, oil storage reaction generate product hydrogen oil and hydrogen, and product of the separator for after heat exchanging is separated and mentioned
It is pure；
The heat exchanger includes concatenated First Heat Exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and heat transferring medium pipe and heat exchange are provided in heat exchanger
Pipe；The dehydrogenation reaction kettle product exit is sequentially connected the heat transferring medium pipe of the first, second heat exchanger by pipeline and separation fills
The entrance set；
The air of air outlet and fuel cell that the entrance and exit of the First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube is respectively communicated with air blower enters
Mouth, the outlet of second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and entrance are respectively communicated with the cooling water inlet of the first water tank and fuel cell；It is de-
Heat transferring medium pipe of the product of hydrogen reaction kettle as heat transferring medium through the first, second heat exchanger is to the object flowed through in two heat exchanger tubes
Matter is heated, later inflow separation device.
2. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: the air blower and fuel
The air intake of battery is directly connected to by pipeline, and the first valve is provided on pipeline.
3. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: first water tank and combustion
Material battery cooling water inlet is directly connected to by pipeline, and the second valve is provided on pipeline.
4. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: the fuel cell system
It is additionally provided with cooling water outlet, the cooling water outlet is by the first water tank of piping connection, from the cooling water of fuel cell outflow
Flow back to the first water tank.
5. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: first water tank goes out
The mouth of a river is provided with water pump.
6. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: the fuel cell system
It is additionally provided with the second water tank, the water outlet of second water tank is sequentially communicated the heat exchanger tube and the second water of the first, second heat exchanger
The water inlet of case.
7. the fuel cell system according to claim 6 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: the fuel cell system
It is additionally provided with the first triple valve and the second triple valve, three valve ports of first triple valve are respectively communicated with the water outlet of the second water tank
The entrance of mouth, the air outlet of air blower and First Heat Exchanger heat exchanger tube, three valve ports of the second triple valve are respectively communicated with first and change
The outlet of hot device heat exchanger tube, the air intake of fuel cell and the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube entrance.
8. the fuel cell system according to claim 6 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: the fuel cell system
It is additionally provided with third triple valve and the 4th triple valve, three valve ports of the third triple valve are respectively communicated with First Heat Exchanger heat exchange
The outlet of pipe, the entrance of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube and fuel cell cooling water inlet, three valve ports of the 4th triple valve point
It is not connected to the water inlet of the outlet of the second heat exchanger heat-exchanging tube, the water outlet of the first water tank and the second water tank.
9. the fuel cell system according to claim 1 for realizing cold start-up, it is characterised in that: in the dehydrogenation reaction kettle
It is provided with dehydrogenation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811412911.XA CN109326806A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | A kind of fuel cell system for realizing cold start-up |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811412911.XA CN109326806A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | A kind of fuel cell system for realizing cold start-up |
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| CN109326806A true CN109326806A (en) | 2019-02-12 |
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| CN201811412911.XA Pending CN109326806A (en) | 2018-11-23 | 2018-11-23 | A kind of fuel cell system for realizing cold start-up |
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| CN113629272A (en) * | 2021-07-21 | 2021-11-09 | 成都中科氢阳能源科技有限公司 | Hydrogen supply method and equipment |
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