CN104960661A - 用于飞机的具有停机阻挡的机电制动致动器 - Google Patents

用于飞机的具有停机阻挡的机电制动致动器 Download PDF

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CN104960661A
CN104960661A CN201510121409.3A CN201510121409A CN104960661A CN 104960661 A CN104960661 A CN 104960661A CN 201510121409 A CN201510121409 A CN 201510121409A CN 104960661 A CN104960661 A CN 104960661A
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shuttle
actuator
rotor
electrical motor
brake actuator
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E·埃文诺
N·理查德
G·杜兰德
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Safran Landing Systems SAS
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Messier Bugatti Dowty SA
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/005—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles by locking of wheel or transmission rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/14—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position
    • F16D65/16—Actuating mechanisms for brakes; Means for initiating operation at a predetermined position arranged in or on the brake
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T1/00—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles
    • B60T1/02—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels
    • B60T1/06—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels
    • B60T1/062—Arrangements of braking elements, i.e. of those parts where braking effect occurs specially for vehicles acting by retarding wheels acting otherwise than on tread, e.g. employing rim, drum, disc, or transmission or on double wheels acting on transmission parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/741—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on an ultimate actuator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
    • B60T13/748—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive acting on electro-magnetic brakes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/32—Alighting gear characterised by elements which contact the ground or similar surface 
    • B64C25/405—Powered wheels, e.g. for taxing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64C—AEROPLANES; HELICOPTERS
    • B64C25/00—Alighting gear
    • B64C25/32—Alighting gear characterised by elements which contact the ground or similar surface 
    • B64C25/42—Arrangement or adaptation of brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D63/00—Brakes not otherwise provided for; Brakes combining more than one of the types of groups F16D49/00 - F16D61/00
    • F16D63/006—Positive locking brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D65/00—Parts or details
    • F16D65/02—Braking members; Mounting thereof
    • F16D65/12—Discs; Drums for disc brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D67/00—Combinations of couplings and brakes; Combinations of clutches and brakes
    • F16D67/02—Clutch-brake combinations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D67/00—Combinations of couplings and brakes; Combinations of clutches and brakes
    • F16D67/02—Clutch-brake combinations
    • F16D67/06—Clutch-brake combinations electromagnetically actuated
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/112—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with friction clutches in combination with brakes
    • H02K7/1125—Magnetically influenced friction clutches and brakes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/20—Electric or magnetic using electromagnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2121/00—Type of actuator operation force
    • F16D2121/18—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2121/24—Electric or magnetic using motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/36—Helical cams, Ball-rotating ramps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2125/00—Components of actuators
    • F16D2125/18—Mechanical mechanisms
    • F16D2125/20—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa
    • F16D2125/34—Mechanical mechanisms converting rotation to linear movement or vice versa acting in the direction of the axis of rotation
    • F16D2125/40—Screw-and-nut
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/001—Auxiliary mechanisms for automatic or self-acting brake operation
    • F16D2127/004—Auxiliary mechanisms for automatic or self-acting brake operation direction-responsive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/02—Release mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2127/00—Auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2127/06—Locking mechanisms, e.g. acting on actuators, on release mechanisms or on force transmission mechanisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00—Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/065—Permanent magnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00—Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/08—Electromagnets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D2129/00—Type of operation source for auxiliary mechanisms
    • F16D2129/06—Electric or magnetic
    • F16D2129/10—Motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
    • Y02T50/80—Energy efficient operational measures, e.g. ground operations or mission management

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于飞机轮的机电制动致动器，包括：具有定子(3)和转子(4)的电动机(2)、螺杆/螺母组件，两构件中的一个由电动机转动地驱动，而构件中的另一个被迫滑动而不转动以在一叠盘上选择性地施力，致动器包括停机阻挡件(10)，停机阻挡件(10)至少当滑动件在一叠盘上施力时选择性地阻挡电动机的转子。停机阻挡件包括梭件(17)，梭件(17)可在阻挡电动机的转子的稳定位置与转子在脉冲致动器(22,24,25)的作用下自由的稳定位置之间移动，将梭件从一位置切换到另一位置，制动致动器包括当制动致动器的电动机通电时迫使梭件进入自由位置的装置(9,18)。

Description

用于飞机的具有停机阻挡的机电制动致动器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种装备有停机制动件的飞机制动用机电致动器。
背景技术
已知飞机制动用机电致动器，包括具有定子和转子的电动机、其螺杆/螺母组件，两构件之一由电动机转动地驱动，而另一构件被迫滑动而不转动，从而在诸如一叠盘的各摩擦件上施力。制动致动器更通常安装在称为冠环的支承件上而不是组合几个致动器。
为了确保飞机停机时的制动，即使在致动器的电动机未被提供动力时也必需保持压力。为此，已知的做法是为制动致动器装备停机制动件，这使得能够在压力已经施加到该叠盘上之后阻挡电动机的转子。停机制动件通常是断电制动，其在停机制动件不再通电时阻挡致动器的电动机的轴，但只要致动器的电动机通电就将轴释放。
该类停机件具有多个缺点。在致动器使用期间，停机制动件的线圈保持通电，这产生电耗和过热。此外，在瞬时断电的情况下，停机件产生不想要的摩擦，这降低制动致动器的效率。此外，如果停机件的线圈故障，停机件保持配合，这产生其摩擦衬里的过早磨损和致动器效率的显著损失。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提出一种用于飞机的机电制动致动器，其并不具有上述缺点。
为了实现该目的，提出一种用于飞机轮的机电制动致动器，包括：具有定子和转子的电动机、螺杆/螺母组件，两构件中的一个由电动机转动地驱动，而构件中的另一个被迫滑动而不转动以在一叠盘上选择性地施力，致动器包括停机阻挡件，停机阻挡件至少当滑动件在一叠盘上施力时选择性地阻挡电动机的转子。根据本发明，停机阻挡件包括梭件，梭件可在阻挡电动机的转子的稳定位置与转子在脉冲致动器的作用下自由的稳定位置之间移动，将梭件从一位置切换到另一位置，制动致动器包括当制动致动器的电动机通电时迫使梭件进入自由位置的装置。
因此，由于梭件位置是稳定的，不再需要对停机制动件永久通电。仅需要简单脉冲来使梭件从一位置进入另一位置。此外，在脉冲致动器故障的情况下，电磁制动致动器并不借助于强制装置保持被阻挡，这使得能够释放电动机的转子。
附图说明
考虑参照附图给出的以下说明将更好地理解本发明的非限制性实施例，附图中：
-图1是机电飞机制动致动器的电动机块的剖视图；
-图2是图1的电动机块所装备的停机阻挡件的操作的示意图；
-图3是示出停机阻挡件的梭件处于阻挡位置的局部正视图；
-图4是示出停机阻挡件的梭件处于自由位置的局部正视图。
具体实施方式
这里示出本发明于像文献FR2877411中所示各致动器那样的两部分机电制动致动器的应用。这里仅详述根据本发明的包含停机件的电动机块。该电动机块用于与推进器块关联，该推进器块包括螺杆/螺母组件，这些构件之一借助于电动机块转动地被驱动，而各构件中的另一个形成推力器以在一叠盘上施加制动力。
显然，本发明还适用于包含电动机和推力器件的单件式致动器。
如图1所示，制动致动器的电动机块包括封围电动机2的框架1，电动机2包括定子3和转子4，转子的花键端5延伸出框架1以转动地驱动关联块的螺杆/螺母组件的转动件。转子4安装在各滚动轴承6上，各滚动轴承6限定转子4的转动轴线X。在定子后部，有适于提供转子4的角度位置的信息项的角度位置传感器7。位置传感器7呈环形并围绕转子4的延伸部8延伸，该延伸部8在其端部承载圆筒形凸轮9。
如图3和4可见，圆筒形凸轮9包括被陡坡隔开的一系列缓坡。
停机阻挡件10附连到电动机块后部。停机阻挡件包括框架11，框架11附连到电动机块的框架1，并承载沿轴线X延伸的中心引导件12，且花键套管13附连在中心引导件12上以自由转动。花键套管13延伸到板14，各摩擦盘15借助于形成扭矩限制器的弹簧16被压在板14上。实际上，花键套管13仅在作用在花键套管13上的扭矩超过由弹簧16作用在各摩擦盘15上产生的阈值扭矩C时才能转动。
梭件17安装成在花键套管13上轴向滑动。各花键防止梭件17与花键套管13之间的任何相对转动。梭件17的面向带齿冠环的端部9承载带齿冠环18。梭件17还承载由铁磁材料制成的圆筒形轴衬20，该圆筒形轴衬20面向脉冲致动器21延伸，脉冲致动器21包括两个线圈22，两个线圈22被驱动进入由铁磁材料制成的电枢24，且脉冲致动器21还承载永久磁体25，该永久磁体25定位成产生由电枢24传导的磁通量。
如在图2中可更具体看到的，轴衬20且因此梭件17可在两个极限位置之间移动，在两个极限位置中，叶片的端部临靠电枢24。来自永久磁体25的磁通量然后可被封围并趋于将梭件保持在临靠位置，因此该临靠位置是稳定的。图2中所示的位置对应于图3中所示的位置，即是说带齿冠环18与圆筒形凸轮9协配以防止电动机的转子4转动的位置。这是阻挡位置。图4中所示的位置对应于自由位置，在该自由位置中，带齿冠环18和圆筒形凸轮9彼此分离。在该位置，梭件17临靠电枢24，但处于与图2所示位置相对的位置。在两个极限位置(阻挡位置和自由位置)之间，有不稳定平衡位置。
为了将梭件从一位置切换到另一位置，对线圈22通电，使得线圈22产生足够的磁通量以一方面抵消来自永久磁体20的通量而另一方面将梭件吸引到另一位置即可。一旦梭件到达就位，切断到线圈22的通电，且借助于来自永久磁体的通量将梭件保持在位。各线圈22的通电非常短暂并可像脉冲。
应指出，在阻挡位置(图3)，电动机不能沿带齿冠环18的齿与圆筒形凸轮9的陡坡部分协配的方向转动。带齿冠环18和圆筒形凸轮9然后形成转子阻挡装置。
但是，如果施加到转子4的扭矩超过阈值扭矩C，扭矩限制装置将开始滑动，从而于是允许转子的转动。当制动致动器已经由于施加停机力而被阻挡时，有各种原因使得有可能超过该扭矩，例如不适时控制电动机、或者由于紧急制动之后制动盘的膨胀或冷却造成扭矩返回到转子。扭矩限制装置使得能够保护整个运动链。
如果梭件处于阻挡位置(图3)，且如果由于故障，各线圈22不能起作用，则仍然有使电动机的转子4沿另一方向转动的源，从而使得带齿冠环18的齿与圆筒形凸轮9的缓坡部分协配，这迫使各齿在各所述缓坡部分上上升，且因此使梭件17移动远离阻挡位置。该分离的尺度设计成足以将梭件切换到两个位置之间的(不稳定)平衡位置，使得梭件17本身朝向自由位置移位。因此可迫使梭件进入自由位置。此外，抵抗转子4转动的扭矩较弱，这引起效率的有限损失。
本发明并不限于刚刚描述的内容，而是相反涵盖落入权利要求书限定范围的任何变型。具体来说，能够将带齿冠环放置在转子上，并将圆筒形凸轮放置在梭件上。更通常，能够使用任何其它装置、诸如具有类似轮廓的两个圆筒形凸轮，当转子沿另一方向转动时，既确保阻挡转子沿一个方向的转动，又迫使梭件进入自由位置。最后，任何其它位置稳定装置和任何其它脉冲致动器将能够用于使梭件从一个位置进入另一位置，诸如与枢转凸轮关联的双稳定弹簧装置使梭件从一个位置进入另一位置。

Claims (5)

1.用于飞机轮的机电制动致动器，包括：具有定子(3)和转子(4)的电动机(2)、螺杆/螺母组件，所述构件中的一个由所述电动机转动地驱动，而所述构件中的另一个被迫滑动而不转动以在一叠盘上选择性地施力，所述致动器包括停机阻挡件(10)，所述停机阻挡件(10)至少当所述滑动件在所述一叠盘上施力时选择性地阻挡所述电动机的所述转子，其特征在于，所述停机阻挡件包括梭件(17)，所述梭件(17)可在阻挡所述电动机的所述转子的稳定位置与所述转子在脉冲致动器(22,24,25)的作用下自由的稳定位置之间移动，将所述梭件从一位置切换到另一位置，所述制动致动器包括当所述制动致动器的所述电动机通电时迫使所述梭件进入自由位置的装置(9,18)。
2.如权利要求1所述的机电制动致动器，其特征在于，所述梭件借助于永久磁体(25)保持在所述位置中的一个或另一个，所述永久磁体(25)产生由电枢(24)引导的磁通量，所述电枢(24)限定由所述梭件(17)的部分(20)封围的磁路。
3.如权利要求1所述的机电制动致动器，其特征在于，所述脉冲致动器(22)适于产生磁通量，所述磁通量抵消所述永久磁体的磁通并使所述梭件从一位置进入另一位置。
4.如权利要求1所述的机电制动致动器，其特征在于，所述梭件和所述转子一方面承载带齿冠环(18)，而另一方面承载圆筒形凸轮(9)，所述圆筒形凸轮(9)包括与陡坡部分交替的缓坡部分，既形成防止所述转子沿一方向转动的阻挡装置，又形成在所述转子沿另一方向转动的情况下迫使所述梭件进入所述自由位置的装置。
5.如权利要求1所述的机电制动致动器，其特征在于，所述梭件安装成在花键套管(13)上滑动而不转动，所述花键套管(13)本身由扭矩限制装置(14,15,16)转动地固定，所述扭矩限制装置(14,15,16)设计成如果所述电动机的所述转子施加在所述梭件上的扭矩超过阈值扭矩，则允许所述套管且因此允许所述梭件转动。
CN201510121409.3A 2014-03-24 2015-03-19 用于飞机的具有停机阻挡的机电制动致动器 Pending CN104960661A (zh)

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