CN104959460B - Slant punching die structure and punching method for automobile metal plate punch piece - Google Patents

Slant punching die structure and punching method for automobile metal plate punch piece Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104959460B
CN104959460B CN201510418918.2A CN201510418918A CN104959460B CN 104959460 B CN104959460 B CN 104959460B CN 201510418918 A CN201510418918 A CN 201510418918A CN 104959460 B CN104959460 B CN 104959460B
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punching
slide block
block mechanism
die
stamping parts
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CN104959460A (en
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涂小文
宋桂军
童亚平
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SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd
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SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/34Perforating tools; Die holders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D28/00Shaping by press-cutting; Perforating
    • B21D28/24Perforating, i.e. punching holes
    • B21D28/32Perforating, i.e. punching holes in other articles of special shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D45/00Ejecting or stripping-off devices arranged in machines or tools dealt with in this subclass
    • B21D45/02Ejecting devices
    • B21D45/04Ejecting devices interrelated with motion of tool

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Punching Or Piercing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a die structure for an automobile metal plate punch piece and a punching method thereof, and provides a slant punching die structure of the automobile metal plate punch piece. The slant punching die structure of the automobile metal plate punch piece comprises a first sliding block mechanism (15) which moves horizontally and is provided with a punching concave die (8) and a second sliding block mechanism which moves aslant and is provided with a punching convex die (4). A material returning rod (10) is connected with the first sliding block mechanism through a limiting unit and a reset spring (9). When the material returning rod (10) makes contact with a stop dog (13), the reset spring (9) is pressed, the end portion of the material returning rod (10) moves outward and stretches out of waste material (19) pushed out of a hole cavity of the punching concave die (8). The punching method comprises the four stages that a die is opened, and the punch piece is placed; the die is closed, and punching is conducted; punching is finished, and the die is opened; the waste material is pushed out, and the punch die is taken out. According to the slant punching die structure of the automobile metal plate punch piece and the punching method thereof, the waste material of a slant punched hole is guaranteed to smoothly flow to a waste material sliding plate or a waste material groove, at the same time, the specific intensity of the die can be improved, the conveying condition of taking and placing the punch piece on a production line is improved, stable component positioning is guaranteed, the production takt is improved, and the production efficiency is improved.

Description

一种汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构及冲孔方法An oblique punching die structure and punching method for automobile sheet metal stamping parts

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及对汽车钣金冲压件的一种模具结构及其冲孔方法,特别是涉及汽车钣金冲压件的一种斜向冲孔模具结构及冲孔方法。 The invention relates to a die structure and punching method for automobile sheet metal stamping parts, in particular to an oblique punching die structure and punching method for automobile sheet metal stamping parts.

背景技术 Background technique

目前,在汽车制造领域中,通常对钣金冲压件冲孔的废料流出方向都是与冲孔方向相同的,这种冲压方式,一般对于平板形的冲压件是可行的,上料、冲孔、下料,也能适宜自动化。但是,对于板材一边的边缘,经过两次折弯,形成截面类似n字状,在折边处冲孔,其上料、冲孔、下料和冲孔后废料的排出比较困难,尤其对于平板面积较大的零件就更加困难。比如乘用车的后盖零件,后盖面积很大,下边缘经过两次折弯后须冲出若干矩形的车灯孔,目前传统的冲孔方式就很难实现。 At present, in the field of automobile manufacturing, the outflow direction of waste materials for punching sheet metal stamping parts is usually the same as the punching direction. This stamping method is generally feasible for flat stamping parts. Feeding, punching , Cutting, also suitable for automation. However, for the edge of one side of the plate, it is bent twice to form a cross-section similar to an n shape, and punching holes at the folded edge, it is difficult to discharge the waste after loading, punching, blanking and punching, especially for flat plates Parts with larger areas are more difficult. For example, the rear cover parts of passenger cars have a large area, and several rectangular lamp holes must be punched out after the lower edge is bent twice. The current traditional punching method is difficult to achieve.

另外,对于一些钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔来说不能无法实现废料的取出,为了顺利完成折弯零件的折弯边冲孔,一般采用传统的勾冲机构或旋转钣金冲压件后,将折弯边旋转到竖向用水平侧冲机构来完成;但是这些机构往往会存在一些问题。 In addition, for the oblique punching of some sheet metal stamping parts, it is impossible to realize the removal of waste materials. In order to successfully complete the bending side punching of bending parts, the traditional hook punching mechanism or rotating sheet metal stamping parts are generally used. Rotating the bent edge to vertical is accomplished with a horizontal side impact mechanism; however, these mechanisms tend to have some problems.

第一,对于勾冲机构来说,冲孔结束后,为了保证零件的顺利取出,勾冲机构中的勾冲部件需要较大的让位行程,但在预留空间内还要安装机构滑块上勾冲凸模、侧压料板等部件,通常将勾冲部件设计成横截面为三角形、梯形或者楔形等结构来保证一定的让位行程,但这样的设计往往会导致勾冲部件单薄,强度差,受力状态差,不仅影响冲孔精度,而且很容易造成滑块该处断裂,存在较大的安全隐患。因此这种形式的冲孔在大中型钣金冲压件侧冲孔、斜冲孔应用都受到了一定的限制。 First, for the punching mechanism, after the punching is completed, in order to ensure the smooth removal of the parts, the punching parts in the punching mechanism need a larger stroke, but the mechanism slider must be installed in the reserved space For parts such as the upper punching punch and the side hold-down plate, the hooking parts are usually designed to have a triangular, trapezoidal or wedge-shaped cross-section to ensure a certain clearance stroke, but such a design often leads to the thinning of the hooking parts. Poor strength and poor stress state not only affect the punching accuracy, but also easily cause the slider to break, posing a great safety hazard. Therefore, this form of punching is subject to certain restrictions in the application of side punching and oblique punching of large and medium-sized sheet metal stamping parts.

参考图1,勾冲机构32上设有冲孔模具,完成冲孔后,勾冲机构的驱动装置32b启动,勾冲部件32a朝着左上方向移动一段行程h后,工件17取出。 Referring to Fig. 1, a punching die is provided on the punching mechanism 32. After the punching is completed, the driving device 32b of the punching mechanism is activated, and the punching part 32a moves toward the upper left direction for a stroke h, and the workpiece 17 is taken out.

第二,对于水平侧冲机构来说,虽然折弯边竖向摆放后可以完成正常的冲孔和废料的流出,但由于非折弯边的竖向摆放或斜向摆放会造成零件落差和深度大,对于自动线生产过程中零件的取放行程特别大,上模的运行行程大,严重影响流水线节拍和生产效率,另外零件定位困难,定位不稳定会提高废品率和停机率,同样给生产造成损失,也会造成废料流出路径形状复杂,也容易存废料,而且不可见,这些都是自动化生产所忌讳的。 Second, for the horizontal side punching mechanism, although the normal punching and waste flow can be completed after the bending side is placed vertically, the vertical or oblique placement of the non-bending side will cause parts The drop and depth are large, and the pick-and-place stroke of the parts in the production process of the automatic line is particularly large, and the running stroke of the upper mold is large, which seriously affects the beat of the assembly line and production efficiency. In addition, the positioning of the parts is difficult, and the unstable positioning will increase the scrap rate and shutdown rate. It will cause losses to production, and it will also cause the shape of the waste outflow path to be complicated, and it is easy to store waste, and it is invisible. These are taboos for automated production.

参考图2,工件17竖向摆放,待加工的折弯边完成正常的冲孔和废料的流出后,上模21向上移动一段较大行程,工件17才能取出。 With reference to Fig. 2, the workpiece 17 is placed vertically. After the bending edge to be processed has completed normal punching and waste material outflow, the upper mold 21 moves upward for a relatively large stroke, and the workpiece 17 can be taken out.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是为了克服现有技术的缺点,提供一种能稳妥、方便放置冲压件,便于冲孔后的废料自动推出,冲孔之后工件方便地取出,并有利生产线上传送,模具的工具体结构合理,强度好,不易损坏的模具结构,并且提出相应的冲孔办法。 The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a tool that can safely and conveniently place stamping parts, facilitate the automatic ejection of waste materials after punching, and facilitate the removal of workpieces after punching, and facilitate the transfer on the production line. Reasonable body structure, good strength, and a mold structure that is not easily damaged, and a corresponding punching method is proposed.

本发明的目的由以下技术方案实现: The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

一种汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构,其特征在于: An oblique punching die structure for automobile sheet metal stamping parts, characterized in that:

所述斜向冲孔模具机构包括第一滑块机构和第二滑块机构,第一滑块机构为水平运动的滑块机构,第二滑块机构为斜向运动的滑块机构,其第一滑块机构与第二滑块机构的工作面相向设置; The oblique punching die mechanism includes a first slider mechanism and a second slider mechanism, the first slider mechanism is a slider mechanism that moves horizontally, the second slider mechanism is a slider mechanism that moves obliquely, and the second slider mechanism is a slider mechanism that moves obliquely. The working surfaces of the first slider mechanism and the second slider mechanism are arranged opposite to each other;

第一滑块机构上设有冲孔凹模,第二滑块机构上设有冲孔凸模,所述冲孔凹模的冲孔方向与冲孔凸模相一致; The first slider mechanism is provided with a punching die, the second slider mechanism is provided with a punching die, and the punching direction of the punching die is consistent with the punching die;

一退料杆,所述退料杆通过限位单元和复位弹簧与第一滑块机构连接; A material ejection rod, the material ejection rod is connected with the first slider mechanism through a limit unit and a return spring;

一挡块,所述挡块固定连接在基座上; a stopper, the stopper is fixedly connected on the base;

所述第一滑块机构在离开第二滑块机构的运动中,其退料杆和挡块接触,挤压复位弹簧,退料杆的端部向外移动伸出冲孔凹模的孔腔; During the movement of the first slider mechanism away from the second slider mechanism, its ejection rod contacts the stopper, presses the return spring, and the end of the ejection rod moves outward to extend out of the cavity of the punching die ;

所述第一滑块机构和第二滑块机构为所述斜向冲孔模具机构的下模部分,当上、下模闭合状态,所述第一滑块机构和第二滑块机构合拢,当上、下模打开状态,所述第一滑块机构和第二滑块机构分离; The first slider mechanism and the second slider mechanism are the lower mold parts of the oblique punching die mechanism. When the upper and lower molds are closed, the first slider mechanism and the second slider mechanism are closed, When the upper and lower molds are opened, the first slider mechanism and the second slider mechanism are separated;

所述冲压件在本发明模具示意图观察方向呈一长边的n形,长边为大面板,短边为冲孔板,中间为折弯边; Described stamping part is the n shape of a long side in the observation direction of the schematic diagram of the mold of the present invention, the long side is a large panel, the short side is a punching plate, and the middle is a bending side;

所述第二滑块机构包括斜向上导板,所述冲孔凸模配置于斜向上导板上; The second slider mechanism includes an upward slanting guide plate, and the punching punch is arranged on the upward slanting guide plate;

所述第一滑块机构的上表面为冲压件大面板长边的搁置面, The upper surface of the first slider mechanism is the rest surface of the long side of the large panel of the stamping part,

冲孔凹模连同退料杆向尾部退出的长度小于冲压件的折弯边长度; The length of the punching die and the ejector rod withdrawing from the tail is less than the length of the bending edge of the stamping part;

当所述第一滑块机构和第二滑块机构闭合,冲孔凸模与冲孔凹模合并,冲压件的短边夹持其间,冲孔凹模抵住冲压件的折弯边内壁。 When the first slider mechanism and the second slider mechanism are closed, the punching punch and the punching die merge, the short side of the stamping part is clamped therebetween, and the punching die is against the inner wall of the bending edge of the stamping part.

再进一步,所述冲压件放置时,短边内弯的端口与所述冲孔凹模外伸端保持d水平距离,d长为5—10mm。 Still further, when the stamping part is placed, the port with the short side bent inwards maintains a horizontal distance d from the protruding end of the punching die, and the length of d is 5-10 mm.

再进一步,所述退料杆和挡块的接触面为垂直面,或与垂直形成一夹角的面,设所述模具的冲孔方向与水平方向所成夹角为α,则接触面与垂直形成的夹角小于α/2。 Still further, the contact surface between the stripping rod and the stopper is a vertical surface, or a surface that forms an angle with the vertical, and if the angle between the punching direction of the mold and the horizontal direction is α, then the contact surface and The angle formed by the vertical is smaller than α/2.

再进一步,在所述退料杆的尾部开设与退料杆移动方向一致的通孔,通孔中插入固定在冲孔凹模上的限位螺栓,限位螺栓的螺栓头限制退料杆向尾部弹出。 Still further, a through hole consistent with the moving direction of the ejector rod is opened at the tail of the ejector rod, and a limit bolt fixed on the punching die is inserted into the through hole, and the bolt head of the limit bolt limits the direction of the ejector rod. The tail pops out.

再进一步,所述冲孔凸模的顶部还设置由侧压料板弹簧支撑的侧压料板,所述侧压料板上设有与凸模匹配的凸模孔。 Still further, the top of the punching punch is also provided with a side holding plate supported by a side holding plate spring, and the side holding plate is provided with a punch hole matching the punch.

再进一步,在所述冲孔凸模和/或退料杆的伸出端面还配置弹顶销。 Still further, an ejector pin is arranged on the protruding end surface of the punching punch and/or the stripping rod.

再进一步,所述第二滑块机构还包括上下移动的A滑块,经斜面转换为水平移动的B滑块,和经垂直面转换为斜向移动的C滑块构成;第一滑块机构还包括上下移动的D滑块,经斜面转换为水平移动的E滑块构成。 Still further, the second slider mechanism also includes a slider A that moves up and down, a slider B that moves horizontally through an inclined plane, and a slider C that moves obliquely through a vertical plane; the first slider mechanism It also includes a D slider that moves up and down, which is converted into an E slider that moves horizontally through an inclined plane.

一种如所述汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构的冲孔方法,其特征在于:采用本技术方案有四个阶段, A punching method for an oblique punching die structure as described in the automobile sheet metal stamping parts, characterized in that: adopting the technical scheme has four stages,

第一阶段:模具打开,放置冲压件 The first stage: the mold is opened and the stamping is placed

上压料板随上模处于压机上死点的打开状态,安装在第一滑块机构上的冲孔凹模和安装在第二滑块机构的冲孔凸模相互分离,挡块和退料杆处于接触或非接触状态,退料杆由复位弹簧和限位单元使退料杆的端部处于冲孔凹模的孔腔内;冲压件的折弯边和短边向下,长边搁置在第一滑块机构的上表面; The upper binder plate and the upper die are in the open state of the top dead center of the press, the punching die installed on the first slider mechanism and the punch punch installed on the second slider mechanism are separated from each other, the stopper and the ejection rod In the contact or non-contact state, the ejector rod is placed in the cavity of the punching die by the return spring and the limit unit; the bending side and the short side of the stamping part are downward, and the long side is placed on the an upper surface of the first slider mechanism;

第二阶段:模具闭合,冲孔 Second stage: mold closing, punching

上模和上压料板向下运动,第一滑块机构上的冲孔凹模和安装在第二滑块机构的冲孔凸模相向移动,冲孔凸模沿斜向上导板方向移动,冲压件的长边位于上模和第一滑块机构上表面之间的空腔,冲孔凹模抵住冲压件的折弯边内壁,冲压件的短边夹持于冲孔凹模和冲孔凸模的刃口之间,上模和上压料板继续向下运动,冲孔凸模冲孔,冲孔废料含在冲孔凹模孔腔中; The upper mold and the upper binder plate move downward, the punching die on the first slider mechanism and the punching punch installed on the second slider mechanism move towards each other, and the punching punch moves in the direction of the inclined upward guide plate, and the long side of the stamping part The cavity between the upper die and the upper surface of the first slider mechanism, the punching die is against the inner wall of the bending side of the stamping part, and the short side of the stamping part is clamped between the punching die and the cutting edge of the punching die During this period, the upper mold and the upper binder plate continue to move downward, the punching punch punches holes, and the punching waste is contained in the cavity of the punching die;

第三阶段:冲孔结束,打开模具 The third stage: the punching is completed and the mold is opened

上模带动上压料板一起向上运动,上压料板脱开冲压件,第一滑块机构上的冲孔凹模和安装在第二滑块机构的冲孔凸模相互分离,冲孔凸模离开冲压件,冲孔凹模上的退料杆刚好接触挡块; The upper die drives the upper clamping plate to move upward together, the upper clamping plate is released from the stamping part, the punching die on the first slider mechanism and the punching punch installed on the second slider mechanism are separated from each other, and the punching punch leaves the stamping part , the ejector rod on the punching die just touches the stopper;

第四阶段:顶出废料,取出冲压件 The fourth stage: Ejection of scrap, removal of stamping parts

冲孔凹模继续后退,冲孔凹模上的退料杆压迫挡块,挤压复位弹簧,退料杆的端部向外移动,冲孔废料被顶出冲孔凹模孔腔,落入下方废料滑板上或废料槽中,取出冲压件。 The punching die continues to retreat, the ejector rod on the punching die presses the block, squeezes the return spring, the end of the ejector rod moves outward, and the punching waste is pushed out of the cavity of the punching die and falls into the On the scrap slide below or in the scrap chute, remove the stamping.

本发明的有益效果: Beneficial effects of the present invention:

对于特殊的汽车钣金冲压件,特殊结构:大面积板材,冲孔位于一侧的折边又折边之处,采用本技术方案: For special automobile sheet metal stamping parts, special structure: large-area sheet, punching holes are located at the folded edge of one side and folded edge, adopt this technical solution:

(1)解决废料流出困难问题,确保冲孔废料顺利流出到废料滑料板上或废料槽中; (1) Solve the difficult problem of waste material flow out, and ensure that the punching waste material flows out smoothly to the waste material slide plate or waste material groove;

(2)为了改善模具工具体及侧冲机构工具体强度,避免其频繁损坏造成的经济损失及对正常生产造成的不利影响; (2) In order to improve the strength of the mold tool body and the tool body of the side punching mechanism, avoid economic losses caused by frequent damage and adverse effects on normal production;

(3)改善在生产线上的取放件输送条件,并保证稳定的零件定位,提高生产节拍,改善生产效率。 (3) Improve the conveying conditions of pick-and-place parts on the production line, and ensure stable parts positioning, increase production tempo, and improve production efficiency.

附图说明 Description of drawings

本发明上述的以及其他的特征、性质和优势将通过下面结合附图和实施例的描述而变的更加明显,在附图中相同的附图标记始终表示相同的特征,其中: The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals represent the same features throughout, wherein:

图1为现有技术中勾冲机构的示意图; Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of hook punching mechanism in the prior art;

图2为现有技术中水平侧冲机构的示意图; Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal side impact mechanism in the prior art;

图3为本发明汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构一种实施方式,在本实施例中的汽车钣金冲压件为乘用车后盖板工件的立体图; Fig. 3 is an embodiment of the oblique punching die structure of the automobile sheet metal stamping part of the present invention, and the automobile sheet metal stamping part in this embodiment is a perspective view of a rear cover plate workpiece of a passenger car;

图4为图3由汽车后部观察的视图; Fig. 4 is the view that Fig. 3 is observed from the rear of the car;

图5为图3汽车后盖板工件在本发明模具示意图观察方向的观察视图; Fig. 5 is the observation view of Fig. 3 automobile rear cover plate workpiece in the observation direction of mold schematic diagram of the present invention;

图6为本发明斜向冲孔模具结构的一种实施方式结构图,同时显示了本发明冲孔方法四个阶段的第一阶段:模具打开,放置冲压件的状态; Fig. 6 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of the oblique punching die structure of the present invention, and simultaneously shows the first stage of the four stages of the punching method of the present invention: the die is opened and the stamping parts are placed;

图7为本发明冲孔方法四个阶段的第二阶段:模具闭合,冲孔状态示意图; Fig. 7 is the second stage of the four stages of the punching method of the present invention: the mold is closed, the schematic diagram of the punching state;

图8为图7冲孔部位的局部放大图; Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the punching part in Fig. 7;

图9为本发明冲孔方法四个阶段的第三阶段:冲孔结束,打开模具状态示意图; Fig. 9 is the third stage of the four stages of the punching method of the present invention: the punching is completed and the mold is opened;

图10为本发明冲孔方法四个阶段的第四阶段:顶出废料,取出冲压件状态示意图; Fig. 10 is the fourth stage of the four stages of the punching method of the present invention: a schematic diagram of the state of ejecting waste and taking out stamping parts;

图11为本发明斜向冲孔模具结构的一种实施方式,退料杆采用限位螺栓的装配、结构示意图。 Fig. 11 is an embodiment of the oblique punching die structure of the present invention, a schematic diagram of the assembly and structure of the ejector rod using limit bolts.

图中,1-第二滑块机构、1a-A滑块、1b-B滑块、1c-C滑块、2-凸模滑块导板、3-侧压料板弹簧、4-冲孔凸模、5-侧压料板、6-弹顶销、7-弹顶销、8-冲孔凹模、9-复位弹簧、10-退料杆、11-废料滑料板、12-基座、13-挡块、14-凹模滑块导板、15-第一滑块机构、15d-D滑块、15e-E滑块、16-上压料板、17-工件、a-长边、b-短边、c-折弯边、18-限位螺栓、19-废料。 In the figure, 1-Second slider mechanism, 1a-A slider, 1b-B slider, 1c-C slider, 2-Punch slider guide plate, 3-Blank spring on side, 4-Punching punch, 5- side pressing plate, 6- ejector pin, 7- ejector pin, 8- punching die, 9- return spring, 10- ejection rod, 11- waste sliding plate, 12- base, 13 -block, 14-die slider guide plate, 15-first slider mechanism, 15d-D slider, 15e-E slider, 16-upper binder plate, 17-workpiece, a-long side, b- Short side, c-bend side, 18-limit bolt, 19-scrap.

21-上模、22-水平侧冲机构。 21-upper die, 22-horizontal side impact mechanism.

31-上模、32-勾冲机构,32a-勾冲部件,32b-勾冲机构的驱动装置。 31 - upper die, 32 - punching mechanism, 32a - punching parts, 32b - driving device of punching mechanism.

具体实施方式 detailed description

以下结合附图进一步详细说明本发明的结构和冲孔方法。 The structure and punching method of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

一种汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构, An oblique punching die structure for automobile sheet metal stamping parts,

所述斜向冲孔模具机构包括第一滑块机构15和第二滑块机构1,第一滑块机构15为水平运动的滑块机构,第二滑块机构1为斜向运动的滑块机构,其第一滑块机构15与第二滑块机构1的工作面相向设置; The oblique punching die mechanism includes a first slider mechanism 15 and a second slider mechanism 1, the first slider mechanism 15 is a slider mechanism that moves horizontally, and the second slider mechanism 1 is a slider that moves obliquely mechanism, the first slider mechanism 15 and the working surface of the second slider mechanism 1 are arranged opposite to each other;

第一滑块机构15上设有冲孔凹模8,第二滑块机构1上设有冲孔凸模4,所述冲孔凹模8的冲孔方向与冲孔凸模4相一致; The first slider mechanism 15 is provided with a punching die 8, the second slider mechanism 1 is provided with a punching punch 4, and the punching direction of the punching die 8 is consistent with the punching punch 4;

一退料杆10,所述退料杆10通过限位单元和复位弹簧9与第一滑块机构连接; A material withdrawal rod 10, the material withdrawal rod 10 is connected with the first slider mechanism through the limit unit and the return spring 9;

一挡块13,所述挡块13固定连接在静止的基座12上; A stopper 13, said stopper 13 is fixedly connected on the stationary base 12;

所述第一滑块机构15在离开第二滑块机构1的运动中,其退料杆10和挡块13接触,挤压复位弹簧9,退料杆10的端部向外移动伸出冲孔凹模8的孔腔; During the movement of the first slider mechanism 15 away from the second slider mechanism 1, its ejection rod 10 contacts the stopper 13, squeezes the return spring 9, and the end of the ejection rod 10 moves outwards and stretches out the punch. The cavity of the hole die 8;

所述第一滑块机构15和第二滑块机构1为所述斜向冲孔模具机构的下模部分,当上、下模闭合状态,所述第一滑块机构15和第二滑块机构1合拢,当上、下模打开状态,所述第一滑块机构15和第二滑块机构1分离。 The first slider mechanism 15 and the second slider mechanism 1 are the lower mold part of the oblique punching die mechanism. When the upper and lower molds are closed, the first slider mechanism 15 and the second slider mechanism The mechanism 1 is closed, and when the upper and lower molds are opened, the first slider mechanism 15 and the second slider mechanism 1 are separated.

作为具体实施举例,所述冲压件17截面呈一长边的n形,长边a为大面板,短边b为冲孔板,中间为折弯边c,类似汽车,乘用车的后盖零件。 As a specific implementation example, the section of the stamped part 17 is n-shaped with a long side, the long side a is a large panel, the short side b is a punched plate, and the middle is a bent side c, similar to the rear cover of a car or a passenger car Component.

所述第二滑块机构1包括斜向上导板2,所述冲孔凸模4配置于斜向上导板2上; The second slider mechanism 1 includes an inclined upward guide plate 2, and the punching punch 4 is arranged on the inclined upward guide plate 2;

所述第一滑块机构15的上表面为冲压件17大面板长边a的搁置面, The upper surface of the first slider mechanism 15 is the rest surface of the long side a of the large panel of the stamping part 17,

冲孔凹模8连同退料杆10向尾部退出的长度小于冲压件17的折弯边c长度; The length of the punching die 8 and the retracting rod 10 to the tail is less than the length of the bending edge c of the stamping part 17;

当所述第一滑块机构15和第二滑块机构1闭合,冲孔凸模4与冲孔凹模8合并,冲压件17的短边b夹持其间,冲孔凹模8抵住冲压件17的折弯边c内壁。 When the first slider mechanism 15 and the second slider mechanism 1 are closed, the punching punch 4 and the punching die 8 merge, the short side b of the stamping part 17 is clamped therebetween, and the punching die 8 is against the stamping part 17 The inner wall of the bent edge c.

较好的实施方式是,所述冲压件17放置时,短边b内弯的端口与所述冲孔凹模8外伸端保持d水平距离,d长为5—10mm。保持如此距离便于冲压件17冲孔时的摆放,也不至碰伤冲压件17和冲孔凹模8的尖端部。 A better embodiment is that, when the stamping part 17 is placed, the inwardly bent port of the short side b maintains a horizontal distance d from the outwardly extending end of the punching die 8, and the length of d is 5-10 mm. Keep such a distance to facilitate the placement of the stamping part 17 when punching, and also not to damage the tip of the stamping part 17 and the punching die 8 .

较好的实施方式是,所述退料杆10和挡块13的接触面为垂直面,或与垂 直形成一夹角的面,设所述模具的冲孔方向与水平方向所成夹角为α,则接触面与垂直形成的夹角小于α/2。选用垂直面是便于设计、制作,但特殊情况,根据场合需要或受场合限制,可选用本技术方案的夹角配置也能达到本发明的目的。 A preferred embodiment is that the contact surface of the stripping rod 10 and the stopper 13 is a vertical surface, or a surface forming an angle with the vertical, and the angle formed between the punching direction of the mold and the horizontal direction is α, the angle between the contact surface and the vertical is smaller than α/2. Selecting the vertical surface is convenient for design and manufacture, but in special cases, according to the needs or limitations of the occasion, the included angle configuration of the technical solution can also be used to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

较好的实施方式是,在所述退料杆10的尾部开设与退料杆10移动方向一致的通孔,通孔中插入固定在冲孔凹模8上的限位螺栓18,限位螺栓18的螺栓头限制退料杆10向尾部弹出。此方案为可选限制退料杆10向尾部弹出的方案之一,结构简单,装配方便,使用可靠。 A preferred embodiment is to open a through hole at the tail of the stripping rod 10 that is consistent with the moving direction of the stripping rod 10, and insert a stop bolt 18 fixed on the punching die 8 into the through hole, and the stop bolt 18 The bolt head of 18 limits ejector bar 10 and ejects to afterbody. This solution is one of the options for restricting ejection of the ejection rod 10 to the rear, and has a simple structure, convenient assembly and reliable use.

较好的实施方式是,所述冲孔凸模4的顶部还设置由侧压料板弹簧3支撑的侧压料板5,所述侧压料板5上设有与凸模匹配的凸模孔。此举有利压住冲压件17,有利稳定冲孔作业。 A preferred embodiment is that the top of the punching punch 4 is also provided with a side binder 5 supported by a side binder spring 3 , and a punch hole matching the punch is provided on the side binder 5 . This is beneficial to press the stamping part 17, which is beneficial to stabilizing the punching operation.

较好的实施方式是,在所述冲孔凸模4和/或退料杆10的伸出端面还配置弹顶销6、7。本方案可使得冲孔后废料19不至被冲孔凸模4带出,使得废料19不至被退料杆10推出又带回。 A preferred embodiment is that the ejector pins 6 and 7 are arranged on the protruding end faces of the punching punch 4 and/or the stripping rod 10 . This scheme can make the waste material 19 unlikely to be taken out by the punching punch 4 after punching, so that the waste material 19 is unlikely to be pushed out by the ejector rod 10 and brought back.

具体实施方式可以是,所述第二滑块机构1还包括上下移动的A滑块1a,经斜面转换为水平移动的B滑块1b,和经垂直面转换为斜向移动的C滑块1c构成;第一滑块机构15还包括上下移动的D滑块15d,经斜面转换为水平移动的E滑块15e构成。此结构,便于第二滑块机构1简略、直接、可靠按所需方向传递动力,也便于第一滑块机构15直接按所需方向传递动力。 The specific implementation method may be that the second slider mechanism 1 also includes an A slider 1a that moves up and down, a B slider 1b that is converted into a horizontal movement through an inclined plane, and a C slider 1c that is converted into an oblique movement through a vertical plane Composition; the first slider mechanism 15 also includes a D slider 15d that moves up and down, which is converted into an E slider 15e that moves horizontally through a slope. This structure facilitates the simple, direct and reliable transmission of power by the second slider mechanism 1 in the required direction, and also facilitates the direct transmission of power by the first slider mechanism 15 in the required direction.

另外,所述汽车钣金冲压件的斜向冲孔模具结构的冲孔方法,采用本技术方案有四个阶段, In addition, the punching method of the oblique punching die structure of the automobile sheet metal stamping parts adopts this technical solution in four stages,

第一阶段:模具打开,放置冲压件 The first stage: the mold is opened and the stamping is placed

上压料板随上模处于压机上死点的打开状态,安装在第一滑块机构15上的冲孔凹模8和安装在第二滑块机构1的冲孔凸模4相互分离,挡块13和退料杆10处于接触或非接触状态,退料杆10由复位弹簧9和限位单元使退料杆10的端部处于冲孔凹模8的孔腔内;冲压件17的折弯边c和短边b向下,长边a搁置在第一滑块机构15的上表面; The upper binder plate is in the open state of the top dead center of the press with the upper die, the punching die 8 installed on the first slider mechanism 15 and the punch punch 4 installed on the second slider mechanism 1 are separated from each other, and the stopper 13 and the ejection rod 10 are in contact or non-contact state, and the end of the ejection rod 10 is placed in the cavity of the punching die 8 by the return spring 9 and the limit unit; the bending of the stamping part 17 The side c and the short side b are downward, and the long side a rests on the upper surface of the first slider mechanism 15;

第二阶段:模具闭合,冲孔 Second stage: mold closing, punching

上模和上压料板向下运动,第一滑块机构15上的冲孔凹模8和安装在第二滑块机构1的冲孔凸模4相向移动,冲孔凸模4沿斜向上导板2方向移动,冲压件17的长边a位于上模和第一滑块机构15上表面之间的空腔,冲孔凹模8抵住冲压件17的折弯边c内壁,冲压件17的短边b夹持于冲孔凹模8和冲孔凸模4的刃口之间,上模和上压料板继续向下运动,冲孔凸模4冲孔,冲孔废料19含在冲孔凹模8孔腔中; The upper mold and the upper binder plate move downward, the punching die 8 on the first slider mechanism 15 and the punching punch 4 installed on the second slider mechanism 1 move towards each other, and the punching punch 4 moves in the direction of the oblique upward guide plate 2 , the long side a of the stamping part 17 is located in the cavity between the upper die and the upper surface of the first slider mechanism 15, the punching die 8 is against the inner wall of the bending side c of the stamping part 17, and the short side b of the stamping part 17 Clamped between the cutting edge of the punching die 8 and the punching die 4, the upper die and the upper pressing plate continue to move downward, the punching die 4 punches holes, and the punching waste 19 is contained in the cavity of the punching die 8 ;

第三阶段:冲孔结束,打开模具 The third stage: the punching is completed and the mold is opened

上模带动上压料板一起向上运动,上压料板脱开冲压件17,第一滑块机构15上的冲孔凹模8和安装在第二滑块机构1的冲孔凸模4相互分离,冲孔凸模4离开冲压件17,冲孔凹模8上的退料杆10刚好接触挡块13; The upper mold drives the upper binder plate to move upward together, the upper binder plate is disengaged from the stamping part 17, the punching die 8 on the first slider mechanism 15 and the punching punch 4 installed on the second slider mechanism 1 are separated from each other, The punching punch 4 leaves the stamping part 17, and the ejector rod 10 on the punching die 8 just touches the stopper 13;

第四阶段:顶出废料,取出冲压件 The fourth stage: Ejection of scrap, removal of stamping parts

冲孔凹模8继续后退,冲孔凹模8上的退料杆10压迫挡块13,挤压复位弹簧9,退料杆10的端部向外移动,冲孔废料被顶出冲孔凹模8孔腔,落入下方废料滑板上或废料槽中,取出冲压件。 The punching die 8 continues to retreat, the ejector rod 10 on the punching die 8 presses the block 13, squeezes the return spring 9, the end of the ejector rod 10 moves outward, and the punching waste is ejected out of the punching recess. The die has 8 cavities, falls into the waste slide plate or the waste groove below, and takes out the stamping parts.

本发明虽然以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并不是用来限定本发明。任何本领域技术人员在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可以做出可能的变动和修改。因此,凡是未脱离本发明技术方案的内容,依据本发明的技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何修改、等同变化及修饰,均落入本发明的权利要求所界定的保护范围之内。 Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make possible changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention, all fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. the oblique punching die structure of a plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterised in that:
Described oblique punching die mechanism includes the first slide block mechanism (15) and the second slide block mechanism (1), first slide block mechanism (15) is the slide block mechanism of horizontal movement, second slide block mechanism (1) is the slide block mechanism of oblique movement, and its first slide block mechanism (15) is oppositely arranged with the work surface of the second slide block mechanism (1);
First slide block mechanism (15) is provided with punching concave die (8), second slide block mechanism (1) is provided with piercing punch (4), and the punching direction of described punching concave die (8) is consistent with piercing punch (4);
One material returned bar (10), described material returned bar (10) is connected with the first slide block mechanism by position-limiting unit and back-moving spring (9);
One block (13), described block (13) is fixedly connected on pedestal (12);
Described first slide block mechanism (15) is in the motion leaving the second slide block mechanism (1), its material returned bar (10) contacts with block (13), pressed home spring (9), the end of material returned bar (10) is displaced outwardly stretching out the vestibule of punching concave die (8);
Described first slide block mechanism (15) and the second slide block mechanism (1) are the part of the lower die of described oblique punching die mechanism, when upper and lower mould closure state, described first slide block mechanism (15) and the second slide block mechanism (1) close up, when upper and lower mould open mode, described first slide block mechanism (15) and the second slide block mechanism (1) separate;
Described stamping parts (17) cross section is the n shape on a long limit, and long limit (a) is big panel, and minor face (b) is punched-plate, and centre is bending edges (c);
Described second slide block mechanism (1) includes that guide plate (2) obliquely, described piercing punch (4) are configured at obliquely on guide plate (2);
The upper surface of described first slide block mechanism (15) be the big long limit (a) of panel of stamping parts (17) shelve face,
Punching concave die (8) is less than bending edges (c) length of stamping parts (17) together with the length that material returned bar (10) rearwardly exits;
When described first slide block mechanism (15) and the second slide block mechanism (1) close, piercing punch (4) merges with punching concave die (8), the minor face (b) of stamping parts (17) clamps therebetween, and punching concave die (8) props up bending edges (c) inwall of stamping parts (17).
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterized in that: when described stamping parts (17) is placed, the port of minor face (b) inflection keeps d horizontal range, a length of 5 10mm of d with described punching concave die (8) overhanging end.
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterized in that: the contact surface of described material returned bar (10) and block (13) is vertical, or with vertically form the face of an angle, if the punching direction of described mould and horizontal direction angle are α, then contact surface and the angle vertically formed are less than α/2.
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterized in that: the afterbody described material returned bar (10) offers the through hole consistent with material returned bar (10) moving direction, inserting the caging bolt (18) being fixed in punching concave die (8) in through hole, the bolt head of caging bolt (18) limits material returned bar (10) and rearwardly ejects.
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterized in that: the top of described piercing punch (4) also sets up the side pressure flitch (5) supported by lateral pressing flat spring (3), described side pressure flitch (5) is provided with the punch hole mated with punch.
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterised in that: the end face that stretches out at described piercing punch (4) and/or material returned bar (10) also configures that bullet ejector pin (6,7).
The most oblique punching die structure of plates of automobile stamping parts, it is characterized in that: described second slide block mechanism (1) also includes the A slide block (1a) moved up and down, be converted to the B slide block (1b) moved horizontally through inclined-plane, and be converted to C slide block (1c) composition of oblique movement through vertical;First slide block mechanism (15) also includes the D slide block (15d) moved up and down, and the E slide block (15e) being converted to move horizontally through inclined-plane is constituted.
8. the hole-punching method of the oblique punching die structure of a plates of automobile stamping parts as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that: use the technical program to have four-stage,
First stage: mould is opened, place stamping parts
Upper holding pad is in the open mode of press top dead-centre with upper mold, the punching concave die (8) being arranged on the first slide block mechanism (15) and the piercing punch (4) being arranged on the second slide block mechanism (1) are separated from each other, block (13) is in material returned bar (10) and contacts or contactless state, and material returned bar (10) is made the end of material returned bar (10) be in the vestibule of punching concave die (8) by back-moving spring (9) and position-limiting unit;The bending edges (c) of stamping parts (17) and minor face (b) are downward, and long limit (a) is shelved on the upper surface of the first slide block mechanism (15);
Second stage: mould closes, punching
Upper mold and upper holding pad move downward, punching concave die (8) on first slide block mechanism (15) and be arranged on the piercing punch (4) of the second slide block mechanism (1) and move towards, piercing punch (4) diagonally upper guide plate (2) direction is moved, the long limit (a) of stamping parts (17) is positioned at the cavity between upper mold and the first slide block mechanism (15) upper surface, punching concave die (8) props up bending edges (c) inwall of stamping parts (17), the minor face (b) of stamping parts (17) is held between the cutting edge of punching concave die (8) and piercing punch (4), upper mold and upper holding pad continue to move downward, piercing punch (4) punching, punched scrap (19) is contained in punching concave die (8) vestibule;
Phase III: punching terminates, open mould
Upper mold drives upper holding pad to move upwardly together, upper holding pad disengages stamping parts (17), punching concave die (8) on first slide block mechanism (15) and be arranged on the piercing punch (4) of the second slide block mechanism (1) and be separated from each other, piercing punch (4) leaves stamping parts (17), material returned bar (10) the just contact blocks (13) in punching concave die (8);
Fourth stage: eject waste material, takes out stamping parts
Punching concave die (8) continues to retreat, material returned bar (10) compressing block (13) in punching concave die (8), pressed home spring (9), the end of material returned bar (10) is displaced outwardly, punched scrap (19) is ejected punching concave die (8) vestibule, fall on the waste sliding plate of lower section or in reject chute, take out stamping parts.
CN201510418918.2A 2015-07-16 2015-07-16 Slant punching die structure and punching method for automobile metal plate punch piece Active CN104959460B (en)

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CN109079026B (en) * 2018-09-21 2020-09-11 重庆金康新能源汽车设计院有限公司 Punching mechanism
CN112517792A (en) * 2020-11-25 2021-03-19 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 Punching device and method for vehicle body sheet metal part
CN116511347B (en) * 2023-07-03 2023-09-12 北京航天光华电子技术有限公司 Online continuous punching device in cold roll forming

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