CN104956973A - Method for screening seedling stage salt-tolerance rice variety - Google Patents
Method for screening seedling stage salt-tolerance rice variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN104956973A CN104956973A CN201510388437.1A CN201510388437A CN104956973A CN 104956973 A CN104956973 A CN 104956973A CN 201510388437 A CN201510388437 A CN 201510388437A CN 104956973 A CN104956973 A CN 104956973A
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- solonchak
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for screening a seedling stage salt-tolerance rice variety. First, high-salt soil and low-salt soil are taken at a high-salt content plot and a low-salt content plot respectively, and then at least four gradients with the salt concentration range being 1.56%-5.78% is prepared. Prepared salt soil is placed into a plastic vessel, then, sowing is carried out, dry seeds of the variety with the germination potential and the germination rate being at least 90% are sown to the prepared salt soil, irrigation is carried out after sowing, and complete irrigation is needed for first-time irrigation. Before three-leaf stage, soil is kept wet. After three-leaf stage, paoma water irrigation is carried out (namely after irrigation is carried out by one time, water is discharged immediately, when a field side becomes white, irrigation is carried out again, and water is discharged again), and soil wetting and drying alternation is kept. After emerging, the emergence rate is surveyed, and after three-leaf stage, the seedling rate is surveyed. The variety with the high emergence rate and the high seedling rate is the salt-tolerance variety. According to the method, soil with various salt concentrations can be prepared quickly and accurately, the shortcomings that during production, saline-alkali soil salt content distribution is very uneven, and a NaCl solution prepared in a laboratory cannot simulate a soil environment can be overcome, and the salt-tolerance variety can be screened quickly and effectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties, belong to agricultural technology field.
Background technology
The salinization of soil is a global problem.Perniciousness harm cause a large amount of in, low-yield land, make large area soil resource be difficult to utilize, overall productivity in agriculture decline, have a strong impact on the sustainable development of agricultural production.Rice cultivation is the successful experience in biological treating saline land.Grain yield, through the long-term object of planting rice and not only can reach to wash saline and alkaline improvement soil, effectively improve the ecological environment, effectively can also be improved in saline land.
At present, Selection of Salt-Tolerant rice varieties has become the important goal of rice in saline-alkali field plantation.Due to the salt content skewness in same saline and alkaline plot in production, and differ greatly, therefore very large by Field Screening salt-enduring cultivars difficulty, become the bottleneck of restriction screening.Forefathers are substantially identical to the medium preparation method of Selection of Salt-Tolerant kind, are mostly in laboratory conditions, prepare the NaCl solution of variable concentrations, for the environment of Saline Soils in simulated production by adding NaCl.Although this method can make required concentration of salt solution accurately, but cannot accurately simulate alkaline land soil environment, different regions alkaline land soil type difference (the alkaline land soil type as Delta Region of The Yellow River is different from the saline land as northeast, the Northwest) in production, and along with the change of soil moisture, soil salt also constantly changes, therefore the salt content in soil is not a constant, but a variable.Simple by this dynamic change cannot be embodied in the NaCl solution of laboratory preparation, therefore for Selection of Salt-Tolerant rice varieties, there is significant limitation.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of method of accurate screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties.The method comprises the contents such as solonchak compound method, seed preparation, seedling management, and the Solonchak's salts of the method configuration is evenly distributed, and effectively can carry out salt-enduring cultivars screening.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties, is characterized in that,
(1) solonchak preparation
A. first in the area of Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties to be screened, salometry is carried out to 18-22cm place, underground salt affected soil, choose the high content of salt plot of salt content >=12.0 ‰ and the lower salt content plot of salt content≤1.56 ‰ respectively; Then high solonchak and low solonchak is got respectively in high content of salt plot and lower salt content plot;
B. high solonchak and low solonchak are broken into pieces respectively, and sieve, make soil particle diameter at≤5mm; Repeatedly blending soil, makes soil fully mix, for subsequent use; Then high solonchak and low solonchak is adopted to prepare at least 4 gradients that salt concentration range is 1.56 ‰-5.78 ‰; The solonchak preparing each concentration under same environmental condition, need be avoided evaporation of soil water (soil moisture), causes preparation error;
(2) seed preparation
Get the seed of rice varieties to be screened ready, be put in and complete in the glassware of seed paper, in 28-32 DEG C of germinating box, carry out germination vigor and germination rate measures; Select germination vigor and the kind of germination rate all more than 90% as Salt Tolerance kind;
(3) seedling management
The solonchak prepared is loaded plastic ware, and sow afterwards, broadcast by dry seeds on the solonchak prepared, sowing depth 0.9-1.1cm, after planting pours water, and first time pours water and need fill with; Irrigation quantity in each plastic ware that different solonchak concentration is housed should keep identical; 3 leaf phases kept ground moistening in the past, and 3 leaf after dates fill with " horse race water ", kept soil dry-wet alternately; After emerging, investigation emergence rate, 3 leaf after date investigation planting percents; Within the scope of the salt content of preparation solonchak, emergence rate and the high kind of planting percent are salt-enduring cultivars.
The solonchak salt content of method configuration of the present invention is the salt content before pouring water, and there is salinity dynamic change after pouring water.The theoretical value computing formula of the solonchak of preparation=(high solonchak and low solonchak gross mass × high salt soil amount account for percentage × low solonchak salt content that the percentage × high solonchak salt content+high solonchak of total solonchak quality and low solonchak gross mass × less salt soil property amount account for total solonchak quality)/high solonchak and low solonchak gross mass.Use the real value of the soil salt concentration of the method preparation all lower than theoretical value, difference is therebetween 0.1-1.0 ‰.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the method can prepare the soil of various salt concentration fast and accurately, both overcome the shortcoming that the distribution of saline land salt content in production is extremely uneven, turn avoid laboratory preparation NaCl solution cannot the defect of simulated soil environment.It is different that it take into account different regions alkaline land soil type, select soil targetedly, in seedling management, take into account the change (dry ground, fill with and moistening) of moisture, can simulate alkaline land soil environment preferably, the accuracy rate of mensuration is high simultaneously.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: the screening of Delta Region of The Yellow River Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties
1 prepares for the solonchak of Selection of Salt-Tolerant rice varieties
1.1 solonchak compound methods
Salinity dosage range for the solonchak of Selection of Salt-Tolerant rice varieties is 1.56 ‰ to 5.78 ‰, and this concentration range can go out salt tolerant rice kind by Effective selection.Use the real value of the soil salt concentration of the method preparation all lower than theoretical value, concrete configuration method is in table 1.
The compound method of table 1 variable concentrations solonchak
1.1 fetch earth
First in Delta Region of The Yellow River, use soil salt tacheometer to carry out salometry to 20cm place, underground salt affected soil, choose high content of salt plot and lower salt content plot respectively.Fetch earth on the high and low salinity plot chosen with spade; High solonchak salt content 16.6194 ‰, low solonchak salt content 1.4169 ‰, fetch earth degree of depth 20cm.Then high solonchak and the low solonchak amount of fetching earth, determines according to the configuration proportion of preparation solonchak actual requirement and table 1.
1.2 solonchak process
High and low solonchak after fetching is spread out even respectively, with spade, bulk soil is clapped broken, soil is broken into pieces as far as possible, and sieve, make soil particle diameter (if soil water content is high, can not break into pieces, needing simple airing to meeting the requirements) within 5mm.Repeatedly blending soil, makes soil fully mix, for subsequent use.According to required solonchak concentration and table 1 configuration proportion, calculate high and low salinity soil property amount, according to the quality calculated, the high solonchak fully mixed and low solonchak are weighed respectively, and then fully mixes.Notice that the solonchak of each concentration of preparation under same environmental condition, need be avoided evaporation of soil water (soil moisture), cause preparation error.
The seed preparation of 2 Select varieties
Get the seed of rice varieties to be screened ready, each kind counts 200, is put in and completes in the glassware of seed paper, carries out germination vigor and germination rate measures in 30 DEG C of germinating boxs.Germination vigor=count on the germination total grain number of seed sum/seed of the 5th day, germination rate=count on chitting piece sum/seed total grain number when sprouting without new seed.Select germination vigor and the kind of germination rate all more than 90% as Salt Tolerance kind.
3 Salt Tolerances
The solonchak prepared is loaded plastic ware, and marks concentration.Sow afterwards, each kind counts 300, sowing depth 1cm, and density is 10500/m
2, after planting pour water, first time pours water and need fill with.Irrigation quantity in each plastic ware that different solonchak concentration is housed should keep identical.3 leaf phases kept ground moistening in the past, and 3 leaf after dates fill with " horse race water ", kept soil dry-wet alternately.After emerging, investigation emergence rate, 3 leaf after date investigation planting percents.Emergence rate=sum of emerging/seed sum, planting percent=seedling strain number/seed sum.Within the scope of the salt content of preparation solonchak, emergence rate and the high kind of planting percent are salt-enduring cultivars.
The present invention is in Delta Region of The Yellow River, and to germination vigor and germination rate, rice varieties A, B, the C all more than 90% carries out rice seedling rate and planting percent screens further, and the selection result is as shown in table 2.
Emergence rate % (planting percent %) under the different salt concentration of table 2
As seen from Table 2: the emergence rate of rice varieties B under each salt concentration and planting percent the highest, be therefore Delta Region of The Yellow River relative salt-enduring cultivars in seedling stage.
Claims (5)
1. screen a method for Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties, it is characterized in that,
(1) solonchak preparation
A. first in the area of Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties to be screened, salometry is carried out to 18-22cm place, underground salt affected soil, choose the high content of salt plot of salt content >=12.0 ‰ and the lower salt content plot of salt content≤1.56 ‰ respectively; Then high solonchak and low solonchak is got respectively in high content of salt plot and lower salt content plot;
B. high solonchak and low solonchak are broken into pieces respectively, and sieve, make soil particle diameter≤5mm; Repeatedly blending soil, makes soil fully mix, for subsequent use; Then high solonchak and low solonchak is adopted to prepare at least 4 gradients that salt concentration range is 1.56 ‰-5.78 ‰;
(2) seed preparation
Get the seed of rice varieties to be screened ready, in 28-32 DEG C of germinating box, carry out germination vigor and germination rate measures; Select germination vigor and the kind of germination rate all more than 90% as Salt Tolerance kind;
(3) seedling management
The solonchak prepared is loaded plastic ware, and sow afterwards, broadcast by dry seeds on the solonchak prepared, sowing depth 0.9-1.1cm, after planting pours water, and first time pours water and need fill with; Irrigation quantity in each plastic ware that different solonchak concentration is housed should keep identical; 3 leaf phases kept ground moistening in the past; 3 leaf after dates fill with " horse race water ", keep soil dry-wet alternately; After emerging, investigation emergence rate, 3 leaf after date investigation planting percents; Within the scope of the salt content of preparation solonchak, emergence rate and the high kind of planting percent are Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties.
2. a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the concentration theoretical value computing formula of the solonchak of preparation=(high solonchak and low solonchak gross mass × high salt soil amount account for percentage × low solonchak salt content that the percentage × high solonchak salt content+high solonchak of total solonchak quality and low solonchak gross mass × less salt soil property amount account for total solonchak quality)/high solonchak and low solonchak gross mass; The real value of soil salt concentration is all lower than theoretical value, and difference is therebetween 0.1-1.0 ‰.
3. a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in a step of described step (1), carries out salometry to 20cm place, underground salt affected soil.
4. a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, in the b step of described step (1), the solonchak preparing each concentration need under same environmental condition.
5. a kind of method of screening Salt Tolerance at Seedling Stage rice varieties as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that, the seed of the rice varieties that described step (2) is to be screened is put in the glassware completing seed paper puts into germinating box.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212136A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of rice varieties top soil ability authentication method |
| CN106416864A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for quickly identifying salt tolerance of rice at seedling stages |
| CN106718444A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of contrast difference's seed selection late rice new varieties process |
| CN113287474A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | 黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Screening method for cold-resistant rice |
-
2015
- 2015-07-03 CN CN201510388437.1A patent/CN104956973B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106212136A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-12-14 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of rice varieties top soil ability authentication method |
| CN106212136B (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2019-06-21 | 四川省农业科学院水稻高粱研究所 | A kind of rice varieties top soil ability identification method |
| CN106416864A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2017-02-22 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for quickly identifying salt tolerance of rice at seedling stages |
| CN106718444A (en) * | 2016-12-10 | 2017-05-31 | 陈培党 | A kind of contrast difference's seed selection late rice new varieties process |
| CN113287474A (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-08-24 | 黑龙江省农业科学院水稻研究所 | Screening method for cold-resistant rice |
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