CN104948235A - Super-high pressure impulsion type steam turbine - Google Patents
Super-high pressure impulsion type steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104948235A CN104948235A CN201510389006.7A CN201510389006A CN104948235A CN 104948235 A CN104948235 A CN 104948235A CN 201510389006 A CN201510389006 A CN 201510389006A CN 104948235 A CN104948235 A CN 104948235A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a super-high pressure impulsion type steam turbine. The super-high pressure impulsion type steam turbine comprises a single cylinder, a single rotor and a plurality of blade stages, wherein the single cylinder is provided with a high-pressure cylinder body and a middle-low-pressure cylinder body, and after doing work in the high-pressure cylinder body, steam is exhausted into the middle-low-pressure cylinder body to continue to do work; the single rotor is installed in the single cylinder and extends to pass through the high-pressure cylinder body and the middle-low-pressure cylinder body; each blade stage comprises a static blade arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder and a movable blade arranged on the rotor; the cylinder is provided with a steam extracting port mechanism, and the steam is pumped by the steam extracting port mechanism from the high-pressure cylinder body and/or the middle-low-pressure cylinder body to be used in downstream industry steam using user systems. A middle reheating device can improve the thermal-electric conversion efficiency of the steam turbine, and the fact that the steam extracting port mechanism supplies the downstream with the steam can further improve the comprehensive efficiency of the steam turbine. The invention further relates to a steam extraction control system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steam turbine field, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of superhigh pressure impact steam turbine and control system of drawing gas, especially a kind of ultrahigh pressure resuperheat black soy sauce vapour impulsion condensing steam turbine.
Background technique
Steam turbine is one of thermal power industry main production equipments.The complicated energy conversion machinery of steam turbine to be one with water vapor be medium, playing the thermal energy of steam is mechanical energy, and changes mechanical energy is the effect of electric energy by final drive electrical generators.After the high-temperature high-pressure overheat steam that boiler produces enters steam turbine, the conversion of heat energy and kinetic energy is produced between every one-level rotor and stator blade of steam turbine, by expansion working step by step, swiftly flowing Steam Actuation rotor high-speed rotates, drive electrical generators long-term work, converts mechanical energy to huge electric energy.
Steam turbine can be divided into impulse steam turbine and reaction turbine according to vapor stream in the performance characteristic of turbine rotor and stator blade inter-stage.Vapor stream in impulse steam turbine only changes direction between movable vane, and mainly expand between stator blade and accelerate, the level reaction degree of turbine is little.The steam turbine great majority that Current Domestic design is produced are impulse steam turbine.
The steam turbine of 100MW ~ 200MW power level, adopts superhigh pressure impact structure usually.The admission initial conditions optimum valuing range of superhigh pressure impact steam turbine is: pressure 12.7Mpa ~ 13.7Mpa, temperature 530 DEG C ~ 560 DEG C.
In the superhigh pressure impact steam turbine design of existing 100MW ~ 200MW power level, generally adopt twin-tub, double rotor, many steam exhaust structures, this is main because this power level steam turbine admission initial conditions is ultrahigh pressure decision.For superhigh pressure turbine, to reach the output power of 100MW ~ 200MW, corresponding steam flow must be had to mate with outlet back pressure.Steam turbine carries out relevant heating power, pneumatic, through-flow, structural design according to admission steam discharge parameter.Consider turbine materials intensity, manufacturing process and aeroperformance, domestic and international steam turbine producer generally all adopts double rotor, twin-tub, many steam exhaust structures to this power level steam turbine simultaneously, mainly twin-tub, double flow structure.Existing steam turbine in steam turbine working pressure class, can be divided into multiple independently cylinder, such as high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder according to steam.Be provided with independently rotor or a joint rotor in each cylinder, linked together by coupling between multiple rotor.Steam discharge after steam work done is discharged from multiple low pressure steam-expelling ports of turbine low pressure cylinder.
The shortcomings such as existing ultrahigh pressure steam inlet condition steam turbine exists multi-cylinder, many rotors, many steam discharges feature, its complex structure, and the boundary dimension such as unit total length are large, and weight is large, and manufacture cost is high are with not enough.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new superhigh pressure impact steam turbine, it can have simple compact structure, at least one shortcoming of existing steam turbine existence can be overcome with not enough, and can, while generating, adjustable middle pressure and low-pressure industrial can be provided with drawing gas.
The present invention also aims to provide one to draw gas control system.
According to technological scheme of the present invention, provide a kind of superhigh pressure impact steam turbine, comprising: single cylinder, it has high pressure cylinder body and mesolow cylinder body, and steam is discharged in described mesolow cylinder body and continues work done after described high pressure cylinder body work done; Single rotor, it to be arranged in described single cylinder and to extend past described high pressure cylinder body and described mesolow cylinder body; And multiple leaf-level, wherein each leaf-level comprises and is arranged on stator blade on described cylinder inner wall and is arranged on described epitrochanterian moving vane; Described cylinder is provided with and is configured to extract the extraction opening mechanism of steam for downstream industry vapour custom system from described high pressure cylinder body and/or described mesolow cylinder body.
Single cylinder single rotor structure can make the entire length of whole steam turbine and volume greatly reduce, and structure is simple, compact, and structural strength increases substantially.Resuperheat link can improve the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of steam turbine, and extraction opening mechanism is the overall efficiency that downstream steam supply can improve steam turbine further, and expands the industrial applicability of steam turbine.
Preferably, described extraction opening mechanism comprises the high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port be located on described high pressure cylinder body, the downstream of described high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port is configured to diversion three-way structure, an outlet of described diversion three-way structure is the reheating mouth of pipe, the steam flowed out by the described reheating mouth of pipe is admitted in the mesolow cylinder steam inlet on described mesolow cylinder body for continuing work done after resuperheat heats up, another outlet of described diversion three-way mechanism presses extraction opening in high row, presses extraction opening to be connected with connecting leg device in described height row.Like this, continue work done after a steam part is heated up by resuperheat, another part is drawn out of supply downstream industry vapour custom system, and the overall efficiency of steam turbine can be made to improve.
Preferably, described mesolow cylinder steam inlet place on described mesolow cylinder body is provided with thermal shield, be configured to insulated cavity between the internal face of described thermal shield and described mesolow cylinder body, described insulated cavity is communicated with the middle and lower reaches of described high pressure cylinder body to allow the steam of lower temperature in described high pressure cylinder body to flow into described insulated cavity.The temperature of mesolow cylinder body around mesolow cylinder steam inlet can be reduced like this, reduce temperature difference, reduce cylinder body thermal stress, prevent block distortion, crackle or impaired.
Preferably, described extraction opening mechanism also comprises the low-pressure pumping steam mouth be located on described mesolow cylinder body, in described mesolow cylinder body, be provided with the low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism in the downstream side being positioned at described low-pressure pumping steam mouth, described low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism is configured to adjust the amount of drawing gas extracting steam through described low-pressure pumping steam mouth.The amount of drawing gas of low-pressure pumping steam mouth can be made like this to adjust according to the needs with vapour user, meet better and use vapour demand.
Preferably, described low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism comprises the first dividing plate and second partition that can be movable relatively, described first dividing plate and described second partition have first opening and the second opening that can overlap each other respectively, and the superposition of end gap area of the second opening of described first opening of described first dividing plate and described second partition can adjust with the relative movement of described first dividing plate and described second partition, and the superposition of end gap area of described first opening and described second opening is more than or equal to minimal openings area of overlap.Can increase or reduce the steam flow extracted out according to the adjustment of superposition of end gap part size, meet downstream industry vapour custom system demand, and simple and compact for structure.
Preferably, described first dividing plate is fixed relative to described mesolow cylinder body and has annular groove, described second partition is in the form of annular discs and be housed inside in the described annular groove of described first dividing plate, and wherein said second partition can rotate around the center line of described rotor by means of driving mechanism.This structure is simple, be easy to install and easily control.
According to another technological scheme of the present invention, there is provided one to draw gas control system, comprising: aforesaid superhigh pressure impact steam turbine, factory steam custom system and the connecting leg device be connected between the described extraction opening mechanism of described steam turbine and described factory steam custom system.
Preferably, the described connecting leg device stop valve, one-way valve and the safety valve that comprise connecting tube and set gradually along vapor flow direction.
Preferably, described connecting leg device connection presses extraction opening extract the extraction opening mechanism of steam and comprise the modulating valve be arranged between described one-way valve and described safety valve from the height row described high pressure cylinder body.
Preferably, described modulating valve has the spray desuperheating mechanism of decompressor.
Preferably, described factory steam custom system is process steam system and/or heating network steam-using system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the longitudinal section schematic diagram of superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the A place enlarged view according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the B place enlarged view according to Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of connecting leg device according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 6 is the C place enlarged view according to Fig. 5;
Fig. 7 is to schematic diagram according to the D of Fig. 5;
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of rotor according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of moving vane according to an embodiment of the invention; And
Figure 10 is the partial enlarged drawing of the blade root shape according to Fig. 9.
Embodiment
Description, describes the exemplary scheme of superhigh pressure impact steam turbine disclosed in the present invention in detail.Although provide accompanying drawing to be to present some embodiments of the present invention, accompanying drawing need not be drawn by the size of specific embodiments, and some feature can be exaggerated, to remove or office cuts open to illustrate and explain disclosure of the present invention better.The phrase " in the accompanying drawings " occurred in the description or similar term need not with reference to institute's drawings attached or examples.
Term " about " in the present invention or " roughly " will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art and change according to the context using this term within the specific limits.
As shown in Figure 1, superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 of the present invention comprises cylinder-shaped with the cylinder of integral form structure in turning circle, namely single cylinder 1, to be arranged in this single cylinder 1 single rotor 2 that can rotate around center line 21 and multiple leaf-level 3 of arranging along center line 21 direction of rotor 2.Wherein each leaf-level 3 comprises multiple stator blade 30 and multiple moving vane 32, and described stator blade 30 is arranged on the inwall of cylinder 1, and described moving vane 32 is arranged on the impeller 24 of integral form structure with on rotor 2.Many places shaft seal 104 is provided with in cylinder 1 with the gap of rotor 2.
As shown in Figure 1, for the superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 of 100MW ~ 200MW output power grade, after the high temperature and high pressure steam meeting steam inlet condition enters steam turbine 100, flow through between each leaf-level 3, drive rotor 2 work done of steam turbine 100.Along with steam expansion working step by step in steam turbine 100, along the travel path of steam in steam turbine 100, the pressure of steam is also reducing gradually.Therefore, in the present invention, according to the size of steam in steam turbine 100 internal pressure, with separatrix 4 for boundary, the high pressure section 40 being roughly divided into by described steam turbine 100 left and right to arrange and mesolow section 42.
The setting of rotor 2 of the present invention and each leaf-level 3 can see more clearly in fig. 8.As shown in Figure 8, rotor 2 of the present invention is single rotor, i.e. an integral rotor.This rotor 2 is arranged on also horizontal expansion in cylinder 1.According to the high pressure section 40 of Fig. 1 to steam turbine 100 and the division of mesolow section 42, rotor 2 is also correspondingly divided into the rotor high pressure section 26 and rotor mesolow section 28 arranged left and right by separatrix 4.Should be appreciated that carrying out segmentation according to separatrix 4 is here only carry out segmentation according to the working pressure of steam and following description is better understood, and rotor 2 itself is still the rotor of a monobloc forging.
The front end 20 of rotor 2 and rear end 22 be arranged on rotationally be respectively positioned at cylinder 1 two ends fore bearing 15 and rear bearing 16 on.When practical application, the span between the front end 20 of rotor 2 and rear end 22 is chosen usually between 6000mm ~ 7000mm, and front end 20 and rear end 22 span are 5950mm in a specific embodiment.The rear end 22 of rotor 2 to be connected with generator (not shown) by coupling.
In conjunction with see Fig. 8, rotor 2 is provided with multiple moving vane 32.In the present invention, preferably by impeller 24 monobloc forging on rotor 2, unitary moulding is an integral rotor 2, improves impeller intensity, improves the reliability of rotor, and rotor 2 does not have center hole and equalizing orifice, also improves intensity and the Security of rotor 2.Moving vane 32 is arranged on impeller 24 to complete the assembling of rotor 2 and moving vane 32.Moving vane 32 on rotor high pressure section 26 is arranged in the mode of anti-steam flow, with the end thrust of balancing rotor 2.In Fig. 8, the direction of arrow shown in dotted line is the flow direction of steam in steam turbine 100 inside by a ~ e.
In order to the output power making superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 reach 100MW ~ 200MW, rotor high pressure section 26 8 ~ 11 grades of moving vanes 32 can be arranged usually, and in the rotor low pressure stage 28 10 ~ 15 grades of moving vanes 32 can be arranged.In fact be readily appreciated that, all corresponding one-level of every one-level moving vane 32 is fixed on the stator blade 30 on cylinder 1 inwall, and dynamic and static blade 32 and 30 interlaced arrangement, composition steam turbine numerical simulation 3.That is, the high pressure section 40 of steam turbine 100 has 8 ~ 11 leaf-level 3, is high pressure leaf-level.And the mesolow section 42 of steam turbine 100 has 9 ~ 15 leaf-level 3, it is mesolow leaf-level.In the embodiment shown in fig. 8, the high pressure section 40 of steam turbine 100 has 9 grade blades, and the mesolow section 42 of steam turbine 100 has 12 grade blades.
Because steam turbine 100 provided by the invention is the steam inlet conditions being applied to ultrahigh pressure, extra high pressure steam by after multiple leaf-level 3 step by step work done and lower the temperature, step-down.Due to expansion working, its volume flow sharply increases, and this just requires that the outlet of the final stage of steam turbine 100 has enough large flow area.As illustrated in figures 1 and 8, on rotor 2, the height of the moving vane 32 of mesolow leaf-level increases gradually, highly reaches maximum at the moving vane 32 in final stage outlet port.Usually, the design height of final stage outlet moving vane 32 is chosen between 800mm ~ 1000mm.Be 900mm in a preferred embodiment.
Final stage outlet moving vane 32 sees more clearly in figure 9 and in figure 10, and this final stage outlet moving vane 32 centre is with one for wearing the perforate 34 of loose lacing wire, and this designs to prevent this movable vane generation flutter from damaging.The blade root 320 of final stage moving blade 32 is fir shape, and concrete shape refers to Figure 10.The leaf top 322 of moving vane 32 is with the shroud 36 also realizing vibrationproof self-locking for round linking in the running.
Continue with reference to figure 1, the horizontal expansion in the horizontal direction of described single cylinder body 1, and for the object easily illustrated also with high pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11 that described separatrix 4 is arranged left and right for boundary is roughly divided into.High pressure cylinder body 10 forms an entirety with mesolow cylinder body 11 by the vertical Flange joint of built-in bolt.It should be noted that in the present invention, high pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11 form a cylinder on the whole, namely described single cylinder 1, and are different from multiple cylinder of the prior art.Rotor 2 extends past high pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11.
As shown in Figure 1, high pressure cylinder body 10 be provided with the high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 being positioned at high pressure cylinder body 10 and be arranged in the high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port 103 in its downstream separately with this high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107.Diversion three-way structure is configured in the downstream of high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port 103, an outlet of diversion three-way structure is the reheating mouth of pipe 118, another outlet presses in high row in extraction opening 119. height row to press extraction opening 119 to be connected with the connecting leg device 5 in downstream, and by the factory steam custom system steam supply of connecting leg device 5 to downstream.Here, from the discharge side of high pressure cylinder body 10, the medium pressure steam namely exporting discharge after " in high row pressure " means expansion working; Now, although this steam comes from high pressure cylinder body 10, its pressure is down to middle pressure because of promoting multiple leaf-level 3 work done in high pressure cylinder body 10, as further described." high-pressure cylinder steam inlet " means the steam inlet of the inflow side being connected to high pressure cylinder body 10, and these steam will be used for multiple leaf-level 3 work done promoted in high pressure cylinder body 10.In an illustrated embodiment, the contiguous separatrix 4 of high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 is arranged.
In conjunction with see Fig. 2, the high pressure cylinder body 10 shown in it be double shell cylinder body structure at least partially.Specifically, the multiple mezzanine spaces comprising outer cylinder block 108, internal layer cylinder body 109 in described outer cylinder block 108 inside and formed between outer cylinder block 108 and internal layer cylinder body 109.This internal layer cylinder body 109 comprises one or more internal layer cylinder part 1090 (only illustrating) and is positioned at the high pressure blade ring 1091 of internal layer cylinder body 109 end (i.e. exhaust region), and internal layer cylinder part 1090 and the spaced apart setting of high pressure blade ring 1091 are to form the narrow annular channel 1092 be communicated with internal layer cylinder body 109 inside.Formed between high pressure blade ring 1091 with outer cylinder block 108 be communicated with high pressure blade ring 1091 outlet side and high arrange in press first mezzanine space 102 of extraction opening 103.What formed between internal layer cylinder part 1090 with outer cylinder block 108 is second mezzanine space 106 be communicated with narrow annular channel 1092.Here mutually isolatedly between first mezzanine space 102 and second mezzanine space 106 to open.Wherein, this high pressure blade ring 1091 is connected to outer cylinder block 108 by means of the installation convex ridge 1082 on outer cylinder block 108.Preferably, utilize this installation convex ridge 1082 by this first mezzanine space 102 and second mezzanine space 106 is mutually isolated opens.Multiple stator blade 30 is arranged on internal layer cylinder body 109, such as, be arranged in internal layer cylinder part 1090 and high pressure blade ring 1091.
As shown in Figure 1, mesolow cylinder body 11 is provided with mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111, low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114, heat-proof device and low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13.Wherein, heat-proof device is for balancing the temperature of mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111 surrounding casing wall, low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 is positioned at the downstream side of mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111, be supplied to downstream industry vapour custom system for extracting steam, low-pressure pumping steam regulating device 13 is for adjusting the steam flow extracted by mesolow extraction opening 114.The steam that low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 extracts flows out along arrow g, and the connecting leg device 5 through downstream is carried to factory steam user.
In conjunction with see Fig. 3, the mesolow cylinder body 11 shown in it is single-shell casing body structure.Specifically, comprise individual layer cylinder body 115, mesolow diaphragm housing ring 117 in described individual layer cylinder body 115 inside and the 3rd mezzanine space the 139, three mezzanine space 139 be formed between individual layer cylinder body 115 and mesolow diaphragm housing ring 117 to be connected with the low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 that individual layer cylinder body 115 is arranged.Multiple stator blade 30 is provided with equally in mesolow diaphragm housing ring 117.
Heat-proof device can be such as the thermal shield 12 illustrated in FIG, it is arranged on mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111 place and also and between the internal face of mesolow cylinder body 11 defines the insulated cavity 1201 be communicated with the middle and lower reaches of high pressure cylinder body 10, this insulated cavity 1201 is entered to allow the lower steam of the temperature in high pressure cylinder body 10, thus reduce the temperature of the cylinder wall around mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111, avoid cylinder wall to make cylinder body impaired because of the larger thermal stress of the larger generation of the temperature difference, improve working life and the Security of cylinder.
Low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 such as can be configured to be positioned at the downstream side of low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 and can adjust the extracted amount of steam according to the steam consumption of downstream industry vapour custom system.Low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 is such as arranged on leaf-level 3 position of the downstream position of adjacent low pressure bleeding point 114.Fig. 5 to Fig. 7 shows a preferred embodiment of low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13, and it comprises the first dividing plate 130, second partition 132 and shaft seal 104.Wherein overallly to be set on mesolow diaphragm housing ring 117 and first dividing plate 130 with multiple first opening 1301 is fixed on mesolow cylinder body 11 in circular, be formed with annular groove 1302 at the upstream side of the first dividing plate 130, and be bolted baffle ring 1303 on the first dividing plate 130.Leave the enough large circumferential weld 138 that draws gas between the mesolow diaphragm housing ring 117 of stop ring 1303 and its upstream, low pressure steam is extracted out thus and is entered the 3rd mezzanine space 139, and is flowed out by coupled logical low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114.
Second partition 132 is in the form of annular discs to be placed in the annular groove 1302 of the first dividing plate 130, and is stopped to deviate from from annular groove 1302 by baffle ring 1303.Second partition 132 can rotate around center line 21 relative to the first dividing plate 130 by means of driving mechanism such as linkage mechanism, and second partition 132 has can overlapped or multiple second openings 1321 of staggering with multiple first openings 1301 of the first dividing plate 130.When rotating between primary importance 134 and the second place 136 relative to the first dividing plate 130 under the driving of second partition 132 at driving mechanism, superposition of end gap area between second opening 1321 of second partition 132 and the first opening 1301 of the first dividing plate 130 can adjust thereupon, and minimal openings area of overlap is restricted, mustn't be completely closed.
The adjustment of superposition of end gap area is clearer in the figure 7 to be illustrated.Wherein exemplary shows four kinds of superposition of end gap areas (hereinafter referred to as " the aperture ") I, II, III and IV of low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13.Aperture I be the second opening 1321 of the first opening 1301 and the second partition 132 of the first dividing plate 130 roughly completely overlapping time maximum opening, i.e. maximum open area of overlap; Aperture II is the less aperture of the area of overlap of the first opening 1301 and the second opening 1321 when reducing; Aperture III is the less aperture of area of overlap when reducing further; Aperture IV be area of overlap minimum time minimum aperture, i.e. minimal openings area of overlap, be preferably about 5mm.This minimal openings area of overlap also can be called minimum safe aperture, and its a small amount of steam that such as can be used for guaranteeing to flow through still can promote downstream blade level 3 and do work.
Or, alternatively, the first dividing plate 130 and second partition 132 also can be formed with other structural types possess the equivalent mechanism being equivalent to area of overlap adjustable function between described first opening 1301 and the second opening 1321.
When the aperture of low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 reduces, the vapor pressure at low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 place increases, then the steam flow extracted out by low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 just increases, and in mesolow cylinder body 11, continue the steam flow just corresponding minimizing of work done.Otherwise when the aperture of low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 increases, the vapor pressure at low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 place reduces, then the steam flow extracted out by low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 reduces thereupon, and the corresponding increase of the steam flow continuing work done in mesolow cylinder body 11.First dividing plate 130 and second partition 132 mustn't be completely closed, at least to form minimum aperture IV, the superposition of end gap area of the first opening 1301 and the second opening 1321 is greater than or equals minimal openings area of overlap to ensure that the steam flowing into mesolow cylinder body 11 through mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111 can not all be taken away by mesolow extraction opening 114, thus meets the minimum steam flow needed for the operation of steam turbine 100 normal safe.In one embodiment, through the low pressure steam flow that low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 extracts, 25% ~ 28% of high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 total discharge can be reached.
In conjunction with see Fig. 5 and Fig. 6, a shaft seal mechanism is set between rotor 2 and the first dividing plate 130.It is circular shaft seal 104 that shaft seal mechanism such as can comprise one or more entirety be arranged on the first dividing plate 130, this shaft seal 104 comprises labyrinth ring 1041 and gland sealing gear 1042, labyrinth ring 1041 is placed in packing annular groove 133, gland sealing gear 1042 is fixed in labyrinth ring 1041, very little gap is only had between gland sealing gear 1042 and rotor 2, areola 1043 is left between two adjacent one high and one low gland sealing gears 1042 and rotor 2, thus between shaft seal 104 and rotor 2, form multiple areola 1043, this shaft seal mechanism, very large flow damping can be produced, thus effectively can intercept steam to leak through from the gap between the first dividing plate 130 and rotor 2, guarantee low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 pairs of low-pressure pumping steam mouths 114 extract effective control of steam flow out.Between the cylinder 1 and rotor 2 of steam turbine 100, be provided with many places shaft seal mechanism, not etc., but it does not prevent the function revealed from being identical to shaft seal 104 quantity that each shaft seal mechanism comprises.
Refer again to Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, after flowing into high pressure cylinder body 10 along arrow a direction from high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 from the high temperature and high pressure steam of boiler (not shown) outflow, rotate at high pressure section 40 expansion working rotor driven 2.As previously mentioned, steam is after high pressure section 40 does work, and its pressure is down to middle pressure usually, such as 2.0Mpa ~ 3.0Mpa.The steam of being down to middle pressure flows out along arrow b through high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port 103, wherein a part of steam presses the connecting leg device 5 between extraction opening 119 and downstream industry vapour custom system to flow to downstream industry vapour custom system along arrow f through being connected in high row, as process steam system and/or heating network steam-using system use; Another part steam is after boiler (not shown) resuperheat device 6 carries out resuperheat intensification, enter mesolow cylinder body 11 along arrow d direction through mesolow cylinder steam inlet 111 by pipeline (not shown), continue expansion working rotor driven 2 in mesolow section 42 and rotate.A part of steam in mesolow cylinder body 11 is extracted out along arrow g direction through low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114, for downstream industry vapour custom system, another part steam finally flow to single low pressure steam-expelling port 113 and discharges along arrow e direction, enter the huge condenser (not shown) of below, condensed water of condensation is pumped back to boiler by drainage pump and high-pressure feed water and reheats, and completes the heat of water vapor, merit transmission circulation.Clearly, the low pressure steam extracted by low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 is owing to experienced by resuperheat intensification link, and the temperature of the medium pressure steam that its temperature presses extraction opening 119 to extract in being higher than and being arranged by height, the steam of different parameters can adapt to different user's requests.
An embodiment of connecting leg device 5 is clearer in the diagram to be illustrated.Connecting leg device 5 comprises connecting tube 50, stop valve 52, one-way valve 54, modulating valve 58 and safety valve 56.Wherein connecting tube 50 has steam inlet 501 and steam (vapor) outlet 502.Steam inlet 501 presses extraction opening 119 to be communicated with in arranging with the height on high pressure cylinder body 10, and steam (vapor) outlet 502 is communicated with the factory steam custom system in downstream.Stop valve 52, one-way valve 54, modulating valve 58 and safety valve 56 are successively set on connecting tube 50 along vapor flow direction (in Fig. 4 direction shown in arrow).Can be regulated the steam parameter of fed downstream factory steam custom system by the aperture such as changing modulating valve 58.As previously mentioned, the steam flow that connecting leg device 5 is sent is only a part for the steam total discharge that high pressure steam-expelling port 103 is discharged.In one embodiment, the medium pressure steam flow of pressing extraction opening 119 to extract out in height row, can reach 20% ~ 25% of high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 total discharge.
Also can be connected by the device similar with aforesaid connecting leg device 5 between low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 and downstream industry are by vapour custom system.Difference is, the connection set between low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 and downstream industry vapour custom system due to had low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 existence and without the need to arranging modulating valve 58 again.
Or in another embodiment, the connecting leg device 5 being connected to low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 also can arrange the modulating valve 58 with the spray desuperheating mechanism of decompressor, supplementing and expansion as low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism 13 using function.There is the working principle of the modulating valve 58 of the spray desuperheating mechanism of decompressor, such as, can being the spray nozzle device arranged in stream passageway by making water of condensation enter modulating valve 58, adding low-pressure pumping steam vapor stream, make steam temperature reducing and pressure reducing and enlarging volume flow.
Certainly, press extraction opening 119 and low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 can select an installation as the extraction opening mechanism on cylinder 1 in height row here, also can both be installed on cylinder 1.
Superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 of the present invention, when the timing of high-pressure cylinder steam inlet 107 total discharge one, the amount of drawing gas increases, then the corresponding minimizing of generated energy, vice versa.The mode of operation of this cogeneration of heat and power, be called with the fixed electricity of vapour, whole system preferentially ensures that factory steam user's uses vapour demand, and the overall efficiency of cogeneration of heat and power, apparently higher than pure condensate generating operation mode.
Superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 of the present invention, goes for the various power station steam turbines of high pressure and subcritical steam inlet condition equally, and its working principle and technical characteristics are all identical.
Be to be understood that, although this specification describes according to each embodiment, but not each embodiment only comprises an independently technological scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only for clarity sake, those skilled in the art should by specification integrally, technological scheme in each embodiment also through appropriately combined, can form other mode of execution that it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.
The foregoing is only the schematic embodiment of the present invention, and be not used to limit scope of the present invention.Any those skilled in the art, the equivalent variations done under the prerequisite not departing from design of the present invention and principle, amendment and combination, all should belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
In Figure of description, component and major parameter code name gather:
| Reference character | Title | Reference character | Title |
| 100 | Steam turbine | 117 | Mesolow diaphragm housing ring |
| 1 | Cylinder | 139 | 3rd mezzanine space |
| 21 | Center line | 114 | Low-pressure pumping steam mouth |
| 2 | Rotor | 12 | Thermal shield |
| 3 | Leaf-level | 111 | Mesolow cylinder steam inlet |
| 30 | Stator blade | 1201 | Insulated cavity |
| 32 | Moving vane | 13 | Low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism |
| 24 | Impeller | 130 | First dividing plate |
| 104 | Shaft seal | 132 | Second partition |
| 4 | Separatrix | 1301 | First opening |
| 40 | High pressure section | 1302 | Annular groove |
| 42 | Mesolow section | 1303 | Baffle ring |
| 26 | Rotor high pressure section | 138 | To bleed circumferential weld |
| 28 | Rotor mesolow section | 1321 | Second opening |
| 20 | Front end | 134 | Primary importance |
| 22 | Rear end | 136 | The second place |
| 15 | Fore bearing | Ⅰ | Maximum opening |
| 16 | Rear bearing | Ⅱ | Aperture |
| 34 | Perforate | Ⅲ | Aperture |
| 320 | Blade root | Ⅳ | Minimum safe aperture |
| 322 | Leaf top | 1041 | Labyrinth ring |
| 36 | Shroud | 1042 | Gland sealing gear |
| 10 | High pressure cylinder body | 133 | Packing annular groove |
| 11 | Mesolow cylinder body | 1043 | Areola |
| 107 | High-pressure cylinder steam inlet | 6 | Resuperheat device |
| 103 | High-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port | 113 | Steam-expelling port |
| 118 | The reheating mouth of pipe | 50 | Connecting tube |
| 119 | Extraction opening is pressed in high row | 52 | Stop valve |
| 5 | Connecting leg device | 54 | One-way valve |
| 108 | Outer cylinder block | 58 | Modulating valve |
| 109 | Internal layer cylinder body | 56 | Safety valve |
| 1090 | Internal layer cylinder part | 501 | Steam inlet |
| 1091 | High pressure blade ring | 502 | Steam (vapor) outlet |
| 1092 | Narrow annular channel | ||
| 102 | First mezzanine space | ||
| 106 | Second mezzanine space | ||
| 1082 | Convex ridge is installed | ||
| 115 | Individual layer cylinder body |
Claims (11)
1. a superhigh pressure impact steam turbine (100), comprising:
Single cylinder (1), it has high pressure cylinder body (10) and mesolow cylinder body (11), and steam is discharged in described mesolow cylinder body (11) and continues work done after described high pressure cylinder body (10) work done;
Single rotor (2), it to be arranged in described single cylinder (1) and to extend past described high pressure cylinder body (10) and described mesolow cylinder body (11); And
Multiple leaf-level (3), wherein each leaf-level (3) comprises the stator blade (30) be arranged on described cylinder (1) inwall and the moving vane (31) be arranged on described rotor (2);
Described cylinder (1) is provided with and is configured to extract the extraction opening mechanism of steam for downstream industry vapour custom system from described high pressure cylinder body (10) and/or described mesolow cylinder body (11).
2. superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to claim 1 (100), wherein, described extraction opening mechanism comprises the high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port (103) be located on described high pressure cylinder body (10), the downstream of described high-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port (103) is configured to diversion three-way structure, an outlet of described diversion three-way structure is the reheating mouth of pipe (118), the steam flowed out by the described reheating mouth of pipe (118) is admitted in the mesolow cylinder steam inlet (111) on described mesolow cylinder body (11) for continuing work done after resuperheat heats up, another outlet of described diversion three-way mechanism presses extraction opening (119) in high row, extraction opening (119) is pressed to be connected with connecting leg device (5) in described height row.
3. superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to claim 2 (100), wherein, described mesolow cylinder steam inlet (111) place on described mesolow cylinder body (11) is provided with thermal shield (12), be configured to insulated cavity (1201) between the internal face of described thermal shield (12) and described mesolow cylinder body (11), described insulated cavity (1201) is communicated with the middle and lower reaches of described high pressure cylinder body (10) to allow the steam of described high pressure cylinder body (10) interior lower temperature to flow into described insulated cavity (1201).
4. superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to claim 1 (100), wherein, described extraction opening mechanism also comprises the low-pressure pumping steam mouth (114) be located on described mesolow cylinder body (11), in described mesolow cylinder body (11), be provided with the low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism (13) in the downstream side being positioned at described low-pressure pumping steam mouth (114), described low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism (13) is configured to adjust the amount of drawing gas extracting steam through described low-pressure pumping steam mouth (114).
5. superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to claim 4 (100), wherein, described low-pressure pumping steam regulating mechanism (13) comprises the first dividing plate (130) and second partition (132) that can be movable relatively, described first dividing plate (130) and described second partition (132) have first opening (1301) and the second opening (1321) that can overlap each other respectively, and the superposition of end gap area of described first opening (1301) of described first dividing plate (130) and second opening (1321) of described second partition (132) can adjust with the relative movement of described first dividing plate (130) and described second partition (132), and the superposition of end gap area of described first opening (1301) and described second opening (1321) is more than or equal to minimal openings area of overlap.
6. superhigh pressure impact steam turbine according to claim 5 (100), wherein, described first dividing plate (130) is fixing and have annular groove (1302) relative to described mesolow cylinder body (11), described second partition (132) is in the form of annular discs and be housed inside in the described annular groove (1302) of described first dividing plate (130), and wherein said second partition (132) can rotate around the center line of described rotor (2) (21) by means of driving mechanism.
7. to draw gas a control system, comprising:
Superhigh pressure impact steam turbine (100) according to any one of claim 1 to 6, factory steam custom system and the connecting leg device (5) be connected between the described extraction opening mechanism of described steam turbine (100) and described factory steam custom system.
8. control system of drawing gas according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described connecting leg device (5) comprises connecting tube (50) and the stop valve (52) set gradually along vapor flow direction, one-way valve (54) and safety valve (56).
9. control system of drawing gas according to claim 8, wherein, described connecting leg device (5) connection presses extraction opening (119) extract the extraction opening mechanism of steam and comprise the modulating valve (58) be arranged between described one-way valve (54) and described safety valve (56) from the height row described high pressure cylinder body (10).
10. control system of drawing gas according to claim 9, wherein, described modulating valve (58) has the spray desuperheating mechanism of decompressor.
11. control system of drawing gas according to claim 7, wherein, described factory steam custom system is process steam system and/or heating network steam-using system.
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