CN205260078U - Steam turbine and pin combined rotor thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a steam turbine and pin combined rotor thereof. Steam turbine pin combined rotor includes high temperature section, low temperature section and sets up a plurality of impellers in high temperature section and low temperature section periphery, the connection ends of high temperature section and low temperature section has the concavo -convex cooperation structure of axial, the concavo -convex cooperation structure of axial has along the radial a plurality of cotter holes that set up, pin combined rotor still including the installation extremely the cotter hole, be used for with the fixed a plurality of pin joint structures together of the concavo -convex cooperation structure of axial. The utility model discloses has the firm reliable structure of simple compactness to the manufacturing process degree of difficulty and manufacturing cost has been reduced, high yield can also be carried simultaneously.

Description

Steam turbine and pin combined rotor thereof

Technical field

The utility model relates to steam turbine technology field, in particular to steam turbine and pin combination thereofRotor.

Background technology

Steam turbine is one of main production equipments of thermal power industry, belongs to answering taking water vapour as mediumAssorted energy conversion plant equipment, play the heat energy of steam be converted into mechanical energy final drive generator withMechanical energy is converted into the effect of electric energy. The operation principle of steam turbine is: the HTHP mistake that boiler producesVapours enters after steam turbine, between every one-level rotor and stator blade of steam turbine, produces turning of heat energy and kinetic energyChange, by expansion working step by step, swiftly flowing Steam Actuation turbine rotor High Rotation Speed, drive and send outMotor long-term work, thus convert mechanical energy to huge electric energy. Steam turbine also can be described as steam turbine.

At present, steam turbine can be divided into impulsion according to vapor stream in the operating characteristic of turbine rotor and stator blade inter-stageFormula steam turbine and reaction turbine. Vapor stream in impulse turbine is a change side between movable vaneTo, mainly between stator blade, expanding and accelerate, the level reaction degree of turbine is little. The vapour that Current Domestic design is producedTurbine great majority are impulse turbine. For example, the steam turbine of 100MW to 200MW power gradeConventionally adopt superhigh pressure impact structure, its admission initial conditions optimum valuing range is: pressure 12.7MpaTo 530 DEG C to 560 DEG C of 13.7Mpa, temperature.

In the superhigh pressure impact steam turbine design of existing 100MW to 200MW power grade, oneAs adopt twin-tub, birotor, many steam exhaust structures, this is mainly just joined by the admission of this power grade steam turbineNumber is super-pressure decision. For superhigh pressure turbine, if will reach 100MW to 200MWPower output, must have corresponding steam flow with outlet back pressure mate. Steam turbine is according to admission steam dischargeParameter be correlated with heating power, pneumatic, through-flow, structural design. Consider simultaneously turbine materials intensity,Manufacturing process, aeroperformance, steam turbine producer generally all adopts two to this power grade steam turbine both at home and abroadRotor, twin-tub, many steam exhaust structures are mainly birotor, twin-tub, double flow structure.

Working pressure class according to steam in steam turbine, steam turbine is provided with multiple independently cylinders,For example high pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder. In each cylinder, be provided with independently rotor or a joint rotor,Between multiple rotors, link together by shaft coupling. Steam discharge after steam work done is from turbine low pressure cylinderMultiple low pressure steam drains are discharged.

Turbine rotor is one of most important parts of Steam Turbine, to rotor material quality, smelterSkill, Forging Technology, Technology for Heating Processing, precision optical machinery processing technology, quality testing means etc. all have non-The technical requirement of Chang Yange. The manufacture process of turbine rotor is steam turbine product manufacture processing alwaysThe most important thing in system. Many rotors that existing super-pressure steam inlet condition steam turbine has, multi-cylinder,Many steam discharges feature caused that it exists that the appearance and size such as complex structure, unit total length is excessive, weight is large,The shortcomings such as manufacturing cost is higher.

For the shortcoming of the superhigh pressure impact steam turbine of above-mentioned 100M to 200MW power grade and notFoot, people develop a kind of novel single vapour super-pressure of single shaft single cylinder resuperheat black soy sauce vapour impulsion condensingFormula steam turbine (hereinafter to be referred as single shaft single casing steam turbine) also puts into operation. This Novel steam turbine the most mainWanting one of technical characterictic is exactly only to have a complete rotor, is also solid forging rotor, is called for short monobloc forgingRotor. Integral rotor is to be processed by the heat-resisting rotor steel rough forging of the different high alloy of a whole Gent. This is wholeForge rotor and only have rear and front end to have bearing supporting, whole roots rotor runs through high pressure cylinder and the mesolow of steam turbineCylinder, all moving vane is all arranged on this same roots rotor. That is to say integral rotor will HTHP,Medium temperature and medium pressure, again press in the high temperature after heat and the various working environments of low-temp low-pressure under, withstand each simultaneouslyPlant the test of working environment, long-term high load capacity, the ground safe handling of high rotating speed. Above-mentioned a series of unfavorable factor,To the Design and manufacture process of integral rotor, higher technical requirement is proposed.

The rough forging of steam turbine integral rotor manufactures and designs the cycle conventionally more than six months. Than manyThe rotor of segmentation manufacture in the steam turbine of rotor, multi-cylinder, many steam exhaust structures, integral rotor design is difficultDegree significantly rises, and rough forging manufacturing processing technic difficulty further strengthens, and is manufacturing appointing of processingAny one position of what link or integral rotor goes wrong, and all likely causes whole roots rotorScrap, cause tremendous economic loss and construction delay. The most key in rough forging manufacturing processing technicThe warm treatment process link of Integral Differential can be described as the maximum critical technological point of integral rotor. So-called overall differential temperatureHeat treatment, refers to certain special substance composition of employing, adopts the entirety of special smelting Forging Technology manufacture to turnSub-steel wool base, adopts respectively the different same stoves of special thermal treatment technique in rotor high temperature section and rotor low-temperature zoneCarry out the bulk heat treatmet of rotor, its difficulty is big simultaneously, and the height of technical requirement makes worldwideThe ripe production firm that grasps this type of technology is very few, and quality reaches only 1 of climax. Correspondingly,The manufacturing cost of integral rotor also increases substantially. Root as roughly estimated, the list of single shaft single casing steam turbine groupThe comprehensive manufacture processing cost of root integral rotor be about common many exhaust turbines of multiaxis multi-cylinder group height,In, low pressure rotor manufacture processing the more than three times of totle drilling cost. In addition, high-quality integral rotor is mainly complied withBy from external import, and the supply vendor of technological precedence product fine, the whole world only have one or two optional,The height of visible its manufacture process technology difficulty. The production domesticization completely of this class integral rotor, also has quite longRoad to walk, also have considerable technological difficulties to overcome.

This shows, because large forgings inadequate resource within the scope of our times, manufacturing cost are high,Rotor for steam turbine forging has become one of obstacle of steam turbine development, is restricting domestic turbine makingThe progress of industry. Therefore, need to study a kind of novel single casing steam turbine rotor, with solve above-mentioned thisA little problems.

Utility model content

The utility model aims to provide a kind of novel steam turbine pin combined rotor, and it has simple tightGather firmly structure, and reduced manufacturing process difficulty and manufacturing cost, raising yield rate.

The utility model also provides a kind of steam turbine that adopts above-mentioned improved pin combined rotor.

According to a scheme of the present utility model, steam turbine pin combined rotor comprises high temperature section, low temperatureSection and be arranged on the multiple impellers in high temperature section and low-temperature zone periphery, described high temperature section and low-temperature zoneConnect end and have axially concavo-convex fit structure, described axially concavo-convex fit structure has radiallyArrange multiple pin holes, described pin combined rotor also comprise be mounted to described pin hole, for willDescribed multiple pin connection structures that axially concavo-convex fit structure is fixed together.

Like this, rotor is divided into two sections that are connected with axial concavo-convex fit structure by pin, canWith firm again after first these two sections differences of processing respectively to meet high temperature section and low-temperature zone being requiredLink together, reduce processing technology difficulty, improve finished product rate and reduce costs. Once whereinOne section occur irremediable defect, only need to change this section and without whole rotor is scrapped.

In one embodiment, described axially concavo-convex fit structure comprises and is positioned at high temperature section and low-temperature zoneThe first protuberance, the second protuberance on one of them, be positioned at described the first protuberance and described the second protuberance itBetween recess and be positioned at high temperature section and wherein the 3rd protuberance on another of low-temperature zone, described the 3rd protrudingPortion is to be placed in described recess with the mode of described the first protuberance and the second protuberance interference fit. ThisSample, low-temperature zone and high temperature section coordinate tightr, avoid between two sections, footpath occurring in rotor rotation processTo play, the service life of Extending Rotor.

Preferably, described the first protuberance and the second protuberance that are convex hoop shape are positioned in described low-temperature zone, areThe 3rd protuberance of convex hoop shape is positioned in high temperature section, and described high temperature section also has and is positioned at described the 3rd protuberance footpathThe 4th protuberance that is bulge loop or round boss shape to the inside, between described the 3rd protuberance and the 4th protuberanceLimit interference fit and hold the groove of described the second protuberance, first protuberance and second of described low-temperature zoneThe 3rd protuberance of protuberance and high temperature section and the 4th protuberance being radially crisscross arranged along pin combined rotor. ThisSample can make high temperature section and low-temperature zone better coordinate.

Preferably, described multiple pin connection structure comprises along pin combined rotor circumferentially uniform firstPin feature and the second pin feature, the first pin feature and the second pin feature are crisscross arranged, whereinDescribed the first pin feature comprises and wearing into described the first protuberance, the second protuberance, the 3rd protuberance andThe first pin of four protuberances, the second pin feature comprises and wearing into the first protuberance, the second protuberance andThree protuberances the second pin being radially spaced with the 4th protuberance. Can improve like this pin connection structureBonding strength, stressed more balanced.

Preferably, the top of the first pin and/or the second pin is formed with installing hole, and described pin connectsStructure also comprises: be positioned at the radial location part on described the first pin and/or the second pin top, compriseMultiple curved portions sections that can form the circulus with centre bore; And locking piece, it is fixed toThe ring junction of the described installing hole of one pin and/or the second pin so that described multiple curved portions sections are formedStructure radially pushes against in described axial concavo-convex fit structure with pin described in locking/backstop. Avoid like thisPin in pin combined rotor rotary course, from rotor, deviate from.

Preferably, being connected of described high temperature section and described low-temperature zone is formed with concavo-convex cooperation between endTorque transfer arrangement. Can reduce to greatest extent like this shear stress that connecting bolt bears, ensureRotor safe handling.

Preferably, being connected of described high temperature section and described low-temperature zone is formed with centering structure between end,Comprise circumferential backstop and the circumferential recess of interference fit. Two sections that can ensure like this rotor were connectingCentering accurately in journey, improves the end product quality of rotor.

Preferably, described high temperature section and low-temperature zone are made up of different materials. Rotor can be expired simultaneously like thisThe foot high-temperature behavior of high temperature section and the high-intensity performance of low-temperature zone.

According to another scheme of the present utility model, steam turbine comprises single cylinder and is located in singleSingle rotor in cylinder, single cylinder comprises the high pressure cylinder body and the mesolow cylinder body that are connected, singleRotor is aforesaid steam turbine pin combined rotor. Simple compact, the occupation of land face of this steam turbine structureLong-pending little, and reliable, manufacturing process difficulty and manufacturing cost significantly reduce simultaneously.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 shows according to the schematic diagram of the steam turbine of embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 shows according to the schematic diagram of the pin combined rotor of embodiment of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 shows the A place enlarged drawing according to Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 shows the B place enlarged drawing according to Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of each interference fit diameter in axially concavo-convex fit structure;

Fig. 6 shows the cutaway view intercepting along C-C line in Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 shows the cutaway view intercepting along D-D line in Fig. 4;

Fig. 8 shows the cutaway view intercepting along E-E line in Fig. 4;

Fig. 9 shows the schematic diagram of pin;

Figure 10 shows the cutaway view of radial location part;

Figure 11 shows the top view of radial location part; And

Figure 12 shows the schematic diagram of locking piece.

Detailed description of the invention

Description, describes steam turbine disclosed in the utility model and pin combined rotor thereof in detailExemplary scheme. Although it is in order to present embodiments more of the present utility model that accompanying drawing is provided,Accompanying drawing needn't be drawn by the size of specific embodiments, and some feature can be exaggerated, remove or officeCut open to illustrate better and explain disclosure of the present utility model. The phrase occurring in description" in the accompanying drawings " or similar term needn't be with reference to institute's drawings attached or example.

Be used to hereinafter describe some directional terminology of accompanying drawing, for example " interior ", " outward ", " left side "," right side ", " upwards ", " downwards " and other directional terminology, will be understood to have its normal implicationAnd related those directions while often seeing accompanying drawing of making a comment or criticism. Except as otherwise indicating, direction described in this descriptionProperty term is substantially according to conventional direction understood by one of ordinary skill in the art.

Term " about " in the utility model or " roughly " will be by those of ordinary skill in the artUnderstand and will change within the specific limits according to the context of using this term.

The term " first ", " second " and the similar terms thereof that in the utility model, use, in this realityWith not representing any order, quantity or importance in novel, but for by parts and otherParts are distinguished.

The term " side " using in the utility model refers to around pin combined rotor center lineThe face of cylinder, " end face " refers to along pin combined rotor plane radially.

As shown in Figures 1 to 12, according to an embodiment of the present utility model, relate to a kind of single shaftThe single vapour super-pressure of single cylinder resuperheat black soy sauce vapour impulsion condensing turbine 100 is (hereinafter to be referred as steamerMachine 100). Referring to Fig. 1, steam turbine 100 comprises and is the vapour of turning circle cylindrical shell shape with integral form structureCylinder, single cylinder 1, be arranged on the pin group that can rotate around center line 21 in this single cylinder 1Close rotor 2 and be arranged in the multiple blades in pin combined rotor 2 peripheries along center line 21 directionsLevel 3. Wherein each leaf-level 3 comprises multiple stator blades 30 and multiple moving vane 32. Stator blade30 are arranged on the inwall of cylinder 1, and moving vane 32 is for example arranged on and pin combined rotor 2 oneOn the impeller 24 forming. Be provided with many places shaft seal at cylinder 1 and the gap location of pin combined rotor 2Device.

As shown in Figure 1, with the superhigh pressure impact vapour of 100MW to 200MW power output gradeTurbine is example, and the high temperature and high pressure steam that meets steam inlet condition enters after steam turbine 100, at each bladeBetween level 3, flow through, expansion working is to drive pin combined rotor 2 high-speed rotaries of steam turbine 100 step by stepTurn. Along with steam is in the interior work done of steam turbine 100, the travel path along steam in steam turbine 100,The pressure of steam is also reducing gradually. Therefore, in the utility model embodiment, according to steam at vapourThe size of turbine 100 internal pressures, taking line of demarcation 4 as boundary, is roughly divided into left and right cloth by steam turbine 100The high pressure section 40 of putting and mesolow section 42.

Continue referring to Fig. 1, single cylinder 1 along continuous straight runs is laterally extending, and for easy explanationObject is also roughly divided into high pressure cylinder body 10 and the mesolow cylinder that left and right is arranged as boundary taking described line of demarcation 4Body 11. High pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11 are for example by being provided with multiple built-in bolts 17Vertical flange connects and an entirety of formation. It should be noted that high pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11Form on the whole a cylinder, i.e. described single cylinder 1, and be different from of the prior art multipleCylinder. Pin combined rotor 2 extends past high pressure cylinder body 10 and mesolow cylinder body 11.

On high pressure cylinder body 10, be provided with high pressure cylinder air intake 107 and with this high pressure cylinder air intake 107Be arranged in separately the high pressure cylinder steam drain 103 in its downstream. At the downstream of high pressure cylinder steam drain 103 quiltBe configured to diversion three-way structure. An outlet of diversion three-way structure is reheating pipe mouth 118, anotherOutlet is to press extraction opening 119 in high row. In high row, press extraction opening 119 factory steam user downstreamSystem steam supply. Here, " high row in press " mean the discharge side from high pressure cylinder body 10 after expansion working,Outlet discharge middle pressure steam, although now this steam comes from high pressure cylinder body 10, its pressure because ofFor middle pressure is down in multiple leaf-level 3 works done that promote in high pressure cylinder body 10, as below furtherExplanation. " high pressure cylinder air intake " means the steam inlet of the inflow side that is connected to high pressure cylinder body 10, thisA little steam is by for promoting multiple leaf-level 3 works done in high pressure cylinder body 10. Shown in embodimentIn, the contiguous line of demarcation 4 of high pressure cylinder air intake 107 arranges.

On mesolow cylinder body 11, be provided with mesolow cylinder air intake 111 and low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114. LowPress extraction opening 114 to be positioned at the downstream of mesolow cylinder air intake 111, offer down for extracting steamTrip factory steam custom system.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, (for example 530 DEG C of the HTHPs flowing out from boiler (not shown)To 560 DEG C, 12.7MPa to 13.7MPa) steam is along arrow a direction from high pressure cylinder air intake 107Flow into after high pressure cylinder body 10, drive pin combined rotor 2 to rotate at high pressure section 40 expansion workings. AsFront described ground, steam is after high pressure section 40 works done, and its pressure is down to (for example 300 DEG C of medium temperature and medium pressures conventionallyTo 330 DEG C, 2.2MPa to 3.2MPa). Being down to the steam of medium temperature and medium pressure arranges through high pressure cylinder along arrow bSteam ports 103 flows out, wherein a part of steam press in being connected to high row along arrow f extraction opening 119 withDownstream industry flows to downstream industry vapour custom system with the connecting leg device between vapour custom system, anotherPart steam is flowed out along arrow c by reheating pipe mouth 118, through boiler (not shown) and centreReheat machine 6 carries out after resuperheat intensification, become in high temperature and to press (for example 530 DEG C to 560 DEG C,2.0MPa to 3.0MPa) steam, by pipeline (not shown) along arrow d direction through in lowCylinder pressure air intake 111 enters mesolow cylinder body 11, continues the untie-sell of expansion working band in mesolow section 42Nail combined rotor 2 rotates. A part of steam in mesolow cylinder body 11 is through low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 edgesArrow g direction is extracted out, and for downstream industry vapour custom system, another part steam finally flow toAlong the discharge of arrow e direction, (vapor (steam) temperature has now been reduced to 40 DEG C to single low pressure (LP) cylinder steam drain 113To 60 DEG C, pressure is lower than atmospheric pressure), the huge condenser (not shown) that enters below.Condensed condensate water is pumped back to boiler by condensate pump and high-pressure feed water and reheats, and completes water and steamsThe heat of vapour, merit transmission circulation.

Clearly, the low-pressure steam being extracted by low-pressure pumping steam mouth 114 is owing to having experienced resuperheat intensificationLink, its temperature will be higher than the temperature of the middle pressure steam of pressing extraction opening 119 to extract in being arranged by height, differenceThe steam of parameter can adapt to different user's requests.

Pin combined rotor 2 in the utility model embodiment and each leaf-level 3 be arranged on figureIn 2, can see more clearly. As shown in Figure 2, pin combined rotor 2 of the present utility model is for utilizingMultiple pin connection structures 8 are firmly combined formed integrated entirety by two sections of forging and are turnedSon. This pin combined rotor 2 is arranged in cylinder 1 also laterally extending. According in Fig. 1 to steam turbine100 high pressure section 40 and the division of mesolow section 42, line of demarcation 4 also correspondingly turns pin combinationSon 2 is divided into rotor high pressure section 26 and the rotor mesolow section 28 that left and right is arranged.

Should be appreciated that carrying out segmentation according to line of demarcation 4 is here only to carry out according to the operating pressure of steamSegmentation and following description is better understood, and pin combined rotor 2 is still an integral rotor.

Front axle head 20 and the rear axle head 22 of pin combined rotor 2 are arranged on rotationally and are positioned at list respectivelyOn the fore bearing 15 and rear bearing 16 at individual cylinder 1 two ends. In the time of practical application, pin combined rotorSpan between 2 front axle head 20 and rear axle head 22 is for example selected between 6000mm to 7000mmGet, the span in a specific embodiment is 5950mm. The rear axle head 22 of pin combined rotor 2(not shown) is connected with generator by shaft coupling.

Referring to Fig. 2, the moving vane 32 on the high pressure section 26 of pin combined rotor 2 is with anti-steam flowMode arrange, with the suffered axial thrust of balance pin combined rotor 2. In Fig. 2 shown in dotted lineDirection of arrow a to e is the flow direction of steam in steam turbine 100 inside.

In order to make superhigh pressure impact steam turbine 100 for example reach the output of 100MW to 200MWPower, the high pressure section 40 of steam turbine 100 has 8 to 11 leaf-level 3, is high pressure leaf-level,And mesolow section 42 has 9 to 15 leaf-level 3, it is mesolow leaf-level. Shown in Fig. 1In embodiment, the high pressure section 40 of steam turbine 100 has 9 high pressure leaf-level, uses respectively one to nineRepresent, and mesolow section 42 has 12 mesolow leaf-level, represents respectively with nine to 21.

The steam turbine 100 providing due to the utility model embodiment is preferably applied to the admission ginseng of super-pressureNumber, extra high pressure steam is by the rear cooling of multiple leaf-level 3, step-down, expansion working, its volume flowSharply increase, this just requires the final stage outlet of steam turbine 100 to have enough large flow area. As figure1 and Fig. 2 shown in, on pin combined rotor 2, the height of the moving vane 32 of mesolow leaf-level byCumulative adding, highly reach maximum at the moving vane 32 in final stage exit. Conventionally final stage outlet movable vane,The design height of sheet 32 is chosen between 800mm to 1000mm. Be in a preferred embodiment900mm。

Refer again to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2,2 the past of pin combined rotor axle head 20 of the present utility model is to rearAxle head 22 is gone through the acute variation of temperature and pressure, and operating temperature is followed successively by medium temperature and medium pressure, high temperature is highPressure, low-temp low-pressure in pressure, high temperature, high-low temperature difference reaches 500 DEG C of left and right. As can be seen here, pin combinationThe working environment of rotor 2 is very severe. Therefore preferably, pin combined rotor 2 of the present utility modelAdopt the high-quality rotor steel rough forging of two kinds of unlike materials respectively as high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38Connect and combine by pin connection structure 8 mechanical rigids.

High-quality rotor steel is conventionally by its optimal operating temperature classification. Be suitable under hot environment longIt is not necessarily good that the rotor steel of phase trouble free service shows under lower temperature environments, even there will be quality to askTopic and potential safety hazard. For example, conventional high-quality high-temperature rotor steel 30Cr1Mo1V is under hot environmentFunction admirable steady quality, and under lower temperature environments, easily occur that crisp hard tendency (is that crackle inclinesTo), the plasticity and toughness of steel are not good. This characteristic is mainly reflected in an important mechanicalness of this steel gradeCan index be that brittle transition temperature is too high, be generally FATT≤116 DEG C. Brittle transition temperature is too highConsequence is in the time of steam turbine long-term work, and epitrochanterian some stress is concentrated serious sensitive part possibilityCan crack, the pernicious expansion of crackle may be accidents caused.

Again for example conventional high-quality low temperature rotor steel 30Cr2Ni4MoV at the working environment of lower temperatureLower function admirable performance is splendid, and its brittle transition temperature is only FATT≤13 DEG C. But along with work temperatureThe rising of degree, its mechanical performance fast-descending. The mechanical property of materials is at high temperature well below middle temperatureAnd low-temperature condition. For example the creep rupture strength of 30Cr1Mo1V in the time of 535 DEG C is 153MPa, and30Cr2Ni4MoV creep rupture strength in the time of 400 DEG C is 428MPa, and 455 DEG C time, having plunged is 277MPa cannot normally work in the time of 535 DEG C of high temperature. The fast-descending of mechanical performance makes this steel grade notCan meet the technical requirement such as intensity and security under hot environment.

According to above analysis, pin combined rotor 2 of the present utility model, its high temperature section 36 is example preferablyAs adopting high-quality high-temperature rotor steel 30Cr1Mo1V, its low-temperature zone 38 preferably for example adopts high-quality lowTemperature rotor steel 30Cr2Ni4MoV. According to the different Applicable temperature scopes of two kinds of rotor steels and correspondingEvery mechanical performance index, and in conjunction with concrete structural design and aerothermodynamics design result, determineThe optimum position on the high temperature section 36 of pin combined rotor 2 and the composition surface 7 of low-temperature zone 38.

Taking 100MW to 200MW steam turbine as example, reheated steam in rotor mesolow section 28 byTen leaf-level 3 are step by step between the 3 and the 17 leaf-level 3 of 16 leaf-level of expansion working to theImpeller groove time, vapor (steam) temperature is 250 DEG C to 270 DEG C. At the steady running state that conducts heat continuously, shouldThe local average temperature of the pin combined rotor 2 at impeller groove place is also roughly the same. Therefore, preferably,Composition surface 7 is arranged on the centre position of the impeller groove between the 16 grade of impeller and the 17 grade of impeller,The roughly middle part of the rotor mesolow section 28 in dividing by line of demarcation 4. This position is taken into accountHigh temperature and the low temperature good characteristic of two kinds of high-quality rotor steels, be also conducive to pin combined rotor 2 simultaneouslyThe setting of pin connection structure 8 and Precision Machining assembling.

Although it is pointed out that according in embodiment of the present utility model composition surface 7 and boundaryThe division principle of line 4 is different. , line of demarcation 4 is by steam turbine according to pressure law100, single cylinder 1 is divided into two parts together with pin combined rotor 2 threes, i.e. high-pressure sectionWith mesolow part, and composition surface 7 be by temperature distributing rule by pin combined rotor 2 according to high-qualityThe optimum Match of rotor steel and be divided into high-temperature part and low temperature part. But, those skilled in the artCan expect, for the steam turbine of different brackets specification, line of demarcation 4 can be overlapped with composition surface 7And do not exceed spirit and scope of the present utility model.

The high temperature section 36 of pin combined rotor 2 and the annexation of low-temperature zone 38 specifically illustrate at Fig. 3To Fig. 8. Referring to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, axial concavo-convex the joining between high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38Close structure by being connected to one along the circumferential uniform multiple pin connection structures 8 of pin combined rotor 2Entirety. Wherein low-temperature zone 38 has along pin combined rotor for the connection end that connects high temperature section 362 the first protuberance 381 that is for example convex hoop shape and the second protuberance 381, the first protuberances of axially giving prominence to381 and second protuberance 381 along the radial arrangement of pin combined rotor 2 and the first protuberance 381 andBetween two protuberances 381, be formed with groove. The first protuberance 381 and the second protuberance 382 have and are positioned at respectivelyThe anchor ring of center line 21 sides. High temperature section 36 has edge for the connection end that connects low-temperature zone 38The 3rd protuberance 361 that is for example convex hoop shape and the 4th protuberance 362 that pin combined rotor 2 is axially given prominence to,The 3rd protuberance 361 and the 4th protuberance 362 are also formed with therein along pin combined rotor 2 radial arrangementGroove. The 3rd protuberance 361 and the 4th protuberance 362 have respectively the anchor ring that is positioned at center line 21 sides.

After high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 assemblings, the first protuberance 381, the 3rd protuberance 361, secondProtuberance 382 and the 4th protuberance 362 are along the radially interlaced arrangement of pin combined rotor 2. Wherein the 3rd is protrudingPortion 361 is placed in recessed between the first protuberance 382 and the second protuberance 382 in the mode of interference fitIn groove, and the second protuberance 382 is also placed in the 3rd protuberance 361 and the 4th in the mode of interference fitIn groove between protuberance 362, thus between high temperature section 36 and the low-temperature zone 38 shape interference fitAxially concave-convex fit structure. The first protuberance 381 and the opposed facing anchor ring of the 3rd protuberance 361 have formedInterference fit face, this interference fit mask has the first interference fit diameter d 1 (referring to Fig. 5). SimilarGround, the second protuberance 382 and the opposed facing anchor ring of the 4th protuberance 362 have formed interference fit face, shouldInterference fit mask has the second interference fit diameter d 2 (referring to Fig. 5).

By forming to each other interference fit, high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 are firmly linked together,Simple in structure, centering property is good, bearing capacity is high, can bear larger shock loading, and to pin groupThe strength reduction that closes rotor 2 is less.

Certainly, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 can exist notWith concavo-convex fit system and be not limited to Fig. 3 and embodiment illustrated in fig. 4, as long as can realize highBetween temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38, form interference fit each other. For example, the first protuberance 381 HesThe second protuberance 382 is formed in high temperature section 36, and the 3rd protuberance 361 and the 4th protuberance 362 formIn low-temperature zone 38. In an alternate embodiment, the first protuberance 381, the second protuberance 382,Three protuberances 361 and the 4th protuberance 362 are not the bulge loops of 360 ° of sealings as shown in the figure, but at ringOn face, be formed with breach, for example 180 ° of rings, 350 ° of rings etc.

In the time of assembling, high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 preferably adopt thermal contraction to coordinate (or title " hot jacketCoordinate ") mounting process carries out interference fit installation. Particularly, first utilize special ring-shaped fireFlame heater homogeneous heating low-temperature zone 38, makes low-temperature zone 38 be warming up to 300 DEG C to 350 DEG C. When lowAfter the abundant thermal expansion in each mating surface aperture in temperature section 38 becomes greatly, fast by low-temperature zone 38 and high temperature section36 are plugged in together. In cooling procedure subsequently, low-temperature zone 38 shrinkages are tightened up and produce certainTighten up effect of stress in high temperature section 38, thereby low-temperature zone 38 forms interference fit with high temperature section 36.It should be noted that while adopting thermal contraction to coordinate mounting process assembling high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38Between preset clearance will be set, it should be greater than the thermal expansion amount of when heating low-temperature zone 38, Yi MiangaoSize occurs between temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 interferes obstruction to be pegged graft smoothly. According to the utility modelEmbodiment in, as shown in Figure 5, preset clearance is between the 3rd protuberance 361 and the second protuberance 382Gap b1, the anchor ring aperture d4 towards the second protuberance 382 of the 3rd protuberance 361 should be greater thanTwo protuberances 382 are towards the anchor ring aperture d5 of the 3rd protuberance 361.

In the composition surface of the high temperature section 36 shown in Fig. 8 and low-temperature zone 38 7, corresponding key 364Thereby arrange and form moment of torsion transmission knot along the circumferential interval of pin combined rotor 2 respectively with keyway 384Structure. Wherein the cross section of key 364 is rectangle, and between adjacent keyway 384, forms similar fan-shaped protrudingRise. Key 364 is bonded to each other with the face that keyway 384 faces with each other, thereby can bear along circumferential turningSquare. Because can producing higher than the short circuit doubly of normal service hours when the unexpected tripping grinder, generator turns roundSquare, therefore between high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38, arrange torque transfer arrangement bear major part orWhole this short circuit moments of torsion, avoid this moment of torsion to be applied on pin connection structure 8 and cause it impaired. ThoughShown in figure, be so 8 keys 364 and 8 keyways that coordinate 384, but those skilled in the art canTo understand, key 364 can be adjusted with quantity and the arrangement form of keyway 384, to meet different sizeIn steam turbine, the torque resistant of pin combined rotor 2 needs. In addition, also can expect, key 364 is establishedPut in low-temperature zone 38, and keyway 384 is arranged in high temperature section 36, can play and hold tooThe effect of load moment of torsion.

Referring to Fig. 4, in the time that high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 engage by circumferential backstop 363 and circumferentially recessedGroove 383 plays the effect of centering guiding. Wherein periphery and the circumferential recess 383 of circumferential backstop 363Periphery laminating, play and help the axial concavo-convex cooperation of high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38 to connect smoothlyThe effect of closing. The circumferential periphery of backstop 363 and the periphery of circumferential recess 383 are preferably interference and joinMerge and be formed with the 3rd interference fit diameter d 3 (referring to Fig. 5).

When thermal contraction coordinates after mounting process completes, along pin combined rotor 2 circumferencial directions the 16Multiple evenly pins spaced apart are installed in impeller groove between the 24 and the 17 grade of impeller 24 of level impellerNail syndeton 8. The central axis section of these pin connection structures 8 is aforesaid composition surface 7.

Referring to Fig. 6, these pin connection structures 8 comprise along the first pin feature being circumferentially crisscross arranged81 and second pin feature 82, their structure similar but insert the dark of pin combined rotor 2Degree exists different. Specifically, the first pin feature 81 comprises the first long pin 810, and it prolongsStretch through the first protuberance 381, the second protuberance 382, the 3rd protuberance 361 and the 4th protuberance 362, and excellentChoosing and these protuberance interference fit. The second pin feature 82 comprises shorter with respect to the first pin 810The second pin 820, it extends through the first protuberance 381, the second protuberance 382 and the 3rd protuberance361 and preferably with these protuberance interference fit, the while, the second pin 820 was alternate with the 4th protuberance 362Separate. The company that the mode of this length pin interlaced arrangement can improve high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38Connect intensity, prevent pin discontinuity.

Because being almost only it, the difference of the first pin feature 81 and the second pin feature 82 comprisesThe first pin 810 different with the second pin 820 length, therefore following only taking one wherein as example detailedDescribe the feature of bright pin connection structure 8 in detail. Referring to Fig. 4, specifically illustrate and axially concavo-convex coordinatingThe be connected schematic diagram of first pin feature 81 under state of structure. This first pin feature 81Comprise the first pin 810, radial location part 83 and locking piece 84. The first pin 810 is preferably adoptedWith high-quality steam turbine bolting steel 20Cr1Mo1VTiB, at the first pin 810 towards pin combined rotorThe end in 2 outsides is formed with installing hole 800 (referring to Fig. 9), is used for assembling radial location part 83 and lockDetermining part 84 deviates from from the pin hole of axially concavo-convex fit structure to prevent the first pin 810. ?In embodiment shown in Fig. 9 to Figure 12, radial location part 83 is annular key, the first pin 810Installing hole 800 is screw hole, and locking piece 84 is dog screw. Annular key is for for example by four arcsThe loop configuration that can form centre bore of portion's section 831,832,833 and 834 composition, wherein eachIndividual curved portions Duan Jun has flange. And in axial concavo-convex fit structure, the first protuberance 381 is at its pinThe inwall in nail hole is formed with the holding tank extending to form around the central axis of pin hole, for accommodating arc topThe flange of portion's section forms along pin combined rotor 2 backstop radially.

As a replacement scheme of holding tank and flange, the outer surface of curved portions section forms from top to bottomThe inclined-plane that cross section increases gradually, and the pin hole inwall at the first protuberance 381 places forms another matchingInclined-plane, inserts curved portions section wherein and two inclined-planes is fitted, and can play equally radially backstopEffect. In another alternate embodiment of holding tank and flange, the pin at the first protuberance 381 placesHole inwall is provided with around pin hole central axis and arranges but disconnected multiple arcwall groove also each other,For mating the corresponding arc convex section of holding each radial location part 83.

Install when pin connection structure 8, preferably employing for example utilizes liquid nitrogen to the first pin 810 and theTwo pins 820 carry out freezing processing, then the first pin 810 of shrinkage and the second pin 820 are wornEnter axially concavo-convex fit structure along in the corresponding pin hole of circumferential arrangement, wherein each pin hole edgeThe radially extension of pin combined rotor 2. Treat that the first pin 810 and the second pin 820 return to normal temperatureForm interference fit with corresponding pin hole afterwards. Be resisted against the first pin with radial location part 83 afterwardsNail 810 and second is on pin 820 end faces and along the radial compaction pin 80 of pin combined rotor 2. AgainLocking piece 84 is pierced into the centre bore of radial location part 83 and be tightened in the installation of radial location part 83In hole 800, by locking piece 84, radial location part 83 is arranged in pin hole, and makes radially to determineThe flange of position part 83 stretches in the holding tank on pin hole inwall. In a preferred embodiment, lockDetermine part 84 by 83 swellings of radial location part in pin hole, make the extruding of its inwall to pin hole, fromAnd raising bonding strength. Radial location part 83 and locking piece 84 can bear pin combined rotor 2 heightThe centrifugal force that when speed rotation, the first pin 810 and the second pin 820 produce, thus prevent the first pin810 and second pin 820 get loose. For preventing locking piece 84 thread looseness, after tightening, it rushesIt is anti-loose that riveting adds spot welding.

The first pin 810 and the second pin 820 and the pin hole matching will coordinate peace in thermal contractionAfter dress technique completes, do one by one Precision Machining, guarantee the first pin 810 and second pin 820 of whole circleAfter liquid nitrogen frozen assembling all with pin hole interference fit, each when pin combined rotor 2 rotates like thisThe stressed even collaborative work of pin 810,820 ability, makes pin combined rotor 2 become one firmlyConnect integrated assembly safe and reliable, that can turn round for a long time.

Below by a specific embodiment to according to steam turbine described in the utility model and pin thereofCombined rotor is elaborated.

The pin combined rotor 2 of steam turbine 100, the composition surface 7 of its high temperature section 36 and low-temperature zone 38The centre position of the impeller groove between the 16 grade of impeller and the 17 grade of impeller, this impeller groove widthDegree H is 120mm to 160mm, is preferably H=140mm. On composition surface, 7 places combine along pinMultiple the first pins 810 and the second pin 820 are arranged in the circumferentially even interval of rotor 2. The first pin810 and the quantity summation of the second pin 820 be 20 to 30, be preferably 24. Wherein eachThe diameter d 6 of pin is 35mm to 50mm, is preferably d6=40mm. The 3rd protuberance 361 withThe first interference fit diameter d 1 between the first protuberance 381 is 750mm to 820mm, preferably d1=780mm. The second interference fit diameter d 2 between the 4th protuberance 362 and the second protuberance 382 is480mm to 560mm, preferably d2=520mm. Circumferential backstop 363 and circumferential recess 382 itBetween the 3rd interference fit diameter d 3 be 270mm to 330mm, preferably d3=330mm. The 3rd is protrudingGap b1 between portion 361 and the second protuberance 382 is 1.5mm to 2.5mm, is preferably b1=2mm.The bore dia d4 that forms gap b1 is 600mm to 680mm, is preferably d4=640mm. FormThe bore dia d5=d4-2b1 of gap b1, is preferably d5=636mm. The key 364 of high temperature section 36 withThe cooperation quantity of the keyway 384 of low-temperature zone 38 is 6 to 10, is preferably 8. Key 364Thickness h is 24mm to 32mm, preferably h=28mm. Key 364 width K are 55mm to 75mm,Preferably K=66mm.

According to pin combined rotor 2 of the present utility model, be applicable to various initial steam pressures, temperature gradeSingle shaft single casing steam turbine, be not subject to impulse reactionary style, resuperheat or no longer hot, pure condensate formula or take outThe version restrictions such as vapour condensing-type, clammy or air cooling, have good adaptability and versatility, alsoCan be for the high temperature rotating thermal machine of other kind.

Although should be appreciated that this description, according to each embodiment description, is not each enforcementExample only comprises an independently technical scheme, and this narrating mode of description is only for knowingSee, those skilled in the art should make description as a whole, the technical scheme in each embodimentAlso can, through appropriately combined, form other embodiment it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that.

The foregoing is only the schematic detailed description of the invention of the utility model, not in order to limit this realityBy novel scope. Any those skilled in the art, is not departing from design of the present utility model and formerEquivalent variations, amendment and the combination under prerequisite, done, all should belong to the model that the utility model is protectedEnclose.

Description of reference numerals:

Reference numeral	Component names	Reference numeral	Component names
				100	Steam turbine	1	Cylinder
21	Center line	2	Pin combined rotor
				3	Leaf-level	30	Stator blade
32	Moving vane	24	Impeller
				4	Line of demarcation	40	High pressure section
42	Mesolow section	10	High pressure cylinder body
				11	Mesolow cylinder body	17	Built-in bolt
107	High pressure cylinder air intake	103	High pressure cylinder steam drain
				118	Reheating pipe mouth	119	In high row, press extraction opening
111	Mesolow cylinder air intake	114	Low-pressure pumping steam mouth
				a	Vapor flow direction	b	Vapor flow direction
f	Vapor flow direction	c	Vapor flow direction
				6	Resuperheat device	d	Vapor flow direction
g	Vapor flow direction	113	Low pressure (LP) cylinder steam drain
				e	Vapor flow direction	8	Pin connection structure
26	High pressure section	28	Mesolow section
				20	Front axle head	22	Rear axle head
15	Fore bearing	16	Rear bearing
				36	High temperature section	38	Low-temperature zone
8	Pin connection structure	7	Composition surface
				381	The first protuberance	382	The second protuberance
361	The 3rd protuberance	362	The 4th protuberance
				364	Key	384	Keyway
363	Circumferentially backstop	382	Circumferential recess
				81	The first pin feature	82	The second pin feature
810	The first pin	820	The second pin
				83	Radial location part	84	Locking piece
800	Installing hole

Claims (9)

1. a steam turbine pin combined rotor (2), is characterized in that, comprising: high temperature section (36),Low-temperature zone (38) and be arranged on high temperature section (36) and low-temperature zone (38) periphery on multiple impellers(24), the connection end of described high temperature section (36) and low-temperature zone (38) has axially concavo-convex joiningClose structure, described axially concavo-convex fit structure has the multiple pin holes along circumferential arrangement, described pinNail combined rotor (2) also comprise be mounted to described pin hole, for by described axially concavo-convex cooperationMultiple pin connection structures (8) that structure is fixed together.

2. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 1 (2), is characterized in that, instituteStating axially concavo-convex fit structure comprises and is positioned at high temperature section (36) and low-temperature zone (38) on one of themThe first protuberance (381), the second protuberance (382), be positioned at described the first protuberance (381) with described inRecess between the second protuberance (382) and be positioned at high temperature section (36) and low-temperature zone (38) whereinThe 3rd protuberance (361) on another, described the 3rd protuberance (361) with described the first protuberance (381)Be placed in described recess with the mode of the second protuberance (382) interference fit.

3. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 2 (2), is characterized in that, isDescribed the first protuberance (381) and second protuberance (382) of convex hoop shape are positioned at described low-temperature zone (38)Upper, the 3rd protuberance (361) that is convex hoop shape is positioned at high temperature section (36) above, described high temperature section (36)Also have be positioned at described the 3rd protuberance (361) radially inner side be the 4th of bulge loop or round boss shapeProtuberance (362), limits interference between described the 3rd protuberance (361) and the 4th protuberance (362) and joinsClose the groove that holds described the second protuberance (382), first protuberance (381) of described low-temperature zone (38)With three protuberance (361) and four protuberance (362) of the second protuberance (382) with high temperature section (36)Along being radially crisscross arranged of pin combined rotor (2).

4. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 3 (2), is characterized in that, instituteStating multiple pin connection structures (8) comprises along circumferentially the first uniform pin of pin combined rotor (2)Structure (81) and the second pin feature (82), the first pin feature (81) and the second pin feature(82) be crisscross arranged, wherein said the first pin feature (81) comprise with described the first protuberance (381),First of the second protuberance (382), the 3rd protuberance (361) and the 4th protuberance (362) interference fitPin (810), the second pin feature (82) comprises and the first protuberance (381), the second protuberance (382)And the 3rd protuberance (361) interference fit and with the 4th protuberance (362) be radially spaced second pinNail (820).

5. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 4 (2), is characterized in that, theThe top of one pin (810) and/or the second pin (820) is formed with installing hole (800), described pinNail syndeton (8) also comprises:

Be positioned at the radial location part on described the first pin (810) and/or the second pin (820) top(83), comprise multiple curved portions sections that can form the circulus with centre bore(831,832,833,834); And

Locking piece (84), it is fixed to the institute of the first pin (810) and/or the second pin (820)State the ring junction of installing hole (800) so that described multiple curved portions sections (821,822,823,824) are formedStructure radially push against in described axially concavo-convex fit structure with locking/backstop the first pin (810) and/Or second pin (820).

6. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 1 (2), is characterized in that, instituteState and being connected of high temperature section (36) and described low-temperature zone (38) between end, be formed with turning round of concavo-convex cooperationSquare transferring structure.

7. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 1 (2), is characterized in that, instituteState and being connected between end of high temperature section (36) and described low-temperature zone (38) be formed with centering structure, wrapDraw together circumferential backstop (363) and the circumferential recess (383) of interference fit.

8. steam turbine pin combined rotor according to claim 1 (2), is characterized in that, instituteState high temperature section (36) and low-temperature zone (38) is made up of different materials.

9. a steam turbine (100), comprises single cylinder (1) and is located in single cylinder (1)In single rotor, single cylinder (1) comprises the high pressure cylinder body (10) and the mesolow cylinder that are connectedBody (11), is characterized in that, described single rotor is in claim 1 to 8 described in any oneSteam turbine pin combined rotor (2).