CN104944900A - Light wall material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Light wall material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104944900A CN104944900A CN201510289703.5A CN201510289703A CN104944900A CN 104944900 A CN104944900 A CN 104944900A CN 201510289703 A CN201510289703 A CN 201510289703A CN 104944900 A CN104944900 A CN 104944900A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention provides a light wall material and a preparation method thereof. The light wall material is prepared from, by mass, 35-43 parts of lead zinc ore dressing waste residues, 30-41 parts of clay and 23-35 parts of water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing lead zinc ore dressing waste residue powder with clay powder and water, and stirring to obtain a wet mixture; carrying out blank making molding, and carrying out air drying at room temperature; and sintering the obtained blank at 1130-1160DEG C for 25-35min to obtain the light wall material. The method realizes changing of the lead zinc ore dressing waste residues into valuables, the strength, the apparent density and the water absorption rate of the prepared light wall material respectively accord with relevant requirements of national standard Fired Perforated Brick and Block, the Pb leaching concentration and the Zn leaching concentration are respectively lower than the prescribed concentration of Identification Standards for Hazardous Wastes-Identification for Extraction Toxicity (GB5085.3), and the material is safe to environment.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to material of construction processing technique field, relate to a kind of light body walling material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The led-zinc-silver deposit of China enriches; Relevant data statistics by the end of the year 2012, led-zinc-silver deposit reserves and the reserves basis of China are all only second to Australia, occupy second place of the world, and the ratio that basic unit price that is plumbous and zinc accounts for the world is respectively 16% and 17%.Existing 29 province, district and city of current China have found lead-zinc deposit.Analyze according to mineral deposit enrichment degree, the province such as Guangxi, Guangdong, Yunnan, Gansu, the Inner Mongol, Hunan and Sichuan, municipal led-zinc-silver deposit amount account for the whole nation and always find out 66% of resource reserve.The feature of the Pb-Zn deposits of China is that lean ore is many, rich ore is few, and structure construction is complicated, mineral composition is various.This gives mining, ore dressing brings very large difficulty.And Qian Xin selecting and purchasing enterprise is many, small scale, the industrial structure are unreasonable, industry centralization degree is not high, scale effect is difficult to manifest; EMS is unsound, and environmental protective measure is implemented not in place.The Technology of enterprise, equipment and comprehensive utilization of resources level all have the space promoted further.The average recovery rate of the plumbous ore dressing of China is 87.26%, and the average recovery rate of zinc ore dressing is 91.21%.
After Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, waste residue is the low-down material of useful object element content that enterprise produces in Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing separation operation.The general waste residue ore pulp discharged by Mineral Processing Enterprises forms solid mineral waste material after natural-dehydration, is one of main Types of solid industrial waste material.Although China's most enterprises fully utilizes waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, the scale of enterprise is different with state of the art, and comprehensive utilization ratio is different.After China's Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, the comprehensive utilization ratio of waste residue only has 7%, has larger gap with the comprehensive utilization ratio of developed country 60%.
Without waste residue after the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing of harmless process, containing various heavy and other hazardous and noxious substances, belong to hazardous solid waste; After a large amount of Pb-Zn deposits ore dressings, waste residue threatens to surrounding environment.After a large amount of Pb-Zn deposits ore dressings, the heap of waste residue is abandoned, and does not occupy soil, even can cause geologic hazard.So in order to develop a circular economy, realize the strategy and policy of Sustainable development, must carry out the exploitation of resource utilization to waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, reduce environmental pollution, accident of stopping occurs.How waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing is fully utilized as resource, become a problem urgently studied.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of light body walling material and preparation method thereof.
Light body walling material provided by the present invention is made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 35-43 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 30-41
Water 23-35.
Preferably, described light body walling material is made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 38-40 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 36-37
Water 23-26.
Particularly, described light body walling material is made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 40 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 37
Water 23.
Described light body walling material is made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 38 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 36
Water 26.
Above-mentioned light body walling material is that the method by comprising the steps prepares:
1) by waste residue powder, clay powder and water mix and blend after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing is obtained;
2) by after described mixing wet feed shaping forming, air-dry under room temperature, obtain base substrate;
3) base substrate obtained is fired 30min ~ 35min at the temperature of 1130 DEG C ~ 1160 DEG C, obtain light body walling material.
Aforesaid method step 1) in, after described Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, waste residue powder is prepared by following method: dried by waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, ball milling, sieves, and collects screen underflow and get final product.Wherein, sieve described in and adopt the square hole sieve of 0.2mm to carry out.
Described clay powder is prepared by following method: dried by clay, be broken into powder, sieve, and collects screen underflow and get final product.Wherein, sieve described in and adopt the square hole sieve of 0.2mm to carry out.
Described light body walling material specifically can be light cinder brick.
The light body walling material prepared by aforesaid method also belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Described light its property indices of body walling material meets the related request of national standard " sintered perforated brick and porous building-brick " (GB13544); Intensity is 10MPa, and apparent density is 1100-1200kg/m
3, it leaches Pb, Zn concentration and all specifies lower than the concentration limit of " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3), ensures that light cinder brick finished product is safe to environment.
The turning waste into wealth of waste residue after present invention achieves Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, is mixed to get it with suitable mass ratio with clay and mixes wet feed, by described mixing wet feed shaping forming, then fire under specific firing temperature, obtain light body walling material.The intensity of described light body walling material, apparent density all meet the related request of national standard " sintered perforated brick and porous building-brick " (GB 13544), its Pb, Zn leaching concentration all specifies lower than the concentration limit of " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3), ensures that described light body wall finished material is safe to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the pattern that in comparative example 1, scheme 1 fires the product obtained at different temperatures.Wherein, the firing temperature of a, b, c, d and e is respectively 900,1000,1100,1200,1300 DEG C.
Fig. 2 is the pattern that in comparative example 1, scheme 2 fires the product obtained at different temperatures.Wherein, the firing temperature of a, b, c, d and e is respectively 900,1000,1100,1200,1300 DEG C.
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product strength.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product density.
Fig. 5 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product water-intake rate.
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and Pb leaching concentration.
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and Zn leaching concentration.
The electron micrograph that Fig. 8 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1100 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 40 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
The electron micrograph that Fig. 9 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1140 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 35 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 700 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 10 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1150 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 30 times, and b amplifies 500 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 11 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1160 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 30 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 700 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 12 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1170 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 100 times, and b amplifies 450 times, and c amplifies 1300 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 13 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1200 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 60 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The experimental technique used in following embodiment if no special instructions, is ordinary method; Reagent used in following embodiment, material etc., if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels.
After the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing used in following embodiment, waste residue picks up from Beishan Pb zinc Mine Area, Huan Jiang county, Guangxi province, and the clay used in following embodiment takes from Shui Tun haydite factory of Beijing Shunyi.
X-ray fluorescence spectra analysis is adopted to carry out chemical composition analysis to waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing and clay.
After described Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, the main chemical compositions of waste residue and clay is as shown in table 1, and principal element content is as shown in table 2.
The main chemical compositions content of waste residue and clay after the ore dressing of table 1 Pb-Zn deposits
The principal element content of waste residue and clay after the ore dressing of table 2 Pb-Zn deposits
Utilize X-ray diffraction to carry out material phase analysis to waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing and clay, its result is as shown in table 3.
The Contents of Main Components of waste residue and clay after the ore dressing of table 3 Pb-Zn deposits
According to " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3), adopt inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) to measure main soluble heavy metal leaching concentration in waste residue and clay, measurement result and leaching characteristic identification concentration limit are as table 4.
The main soluble heavy metal leaching concentration of table 4 and concentration limit (mg/l)
Note: "-" expression does not detect
As shown in Table 4, after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, in waste residue, solubility Pb, Zn content exceed " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3-2007) prescribed limits, all the other heavy metals are all lower than prescribed limits, wherein lead content exceeds standard more than 5 times, the degree that exceeds standard is even more serious, is therefore produced the stripping needing to pay close attention to Pb in finished product in the investigation of materials of light body wall by waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing.
Embodiment 1
Raw materials quality part is as follows:
40 parts, waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing;
Clay 37 parts;
23 parts, water.
Technical process:
1. waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing is dried, be fine into powder with grinding of ball grinder, by the waste residue powder of the square hole sieve of 0.2mm as raw material for standby;
2. clay is dried, be broken into powder, by the clay powder of the square hole sieve of 0.2mm as raw material for standby;
3. prepare burden by above-mentioned mass fraction;
4. pour in the stirred silo of stirrer by waste residue powder and clay after the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing of metering, stirrings of machining, adds water, continuation stirring, obtains waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing;
5. by waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed shaping forming after the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing after stirring, air-dry under room temperature, obtain base substrate;
6. sinter machine is put in the adobe obtained to fire, sintering temperature is 1140 DEG C, and sintering time is 30min, and described adobe, in sinter machine, successively through preheating, sintering, process for cooling stage, is cooled to 320 DEG C in sinter machine;
8. take out in sinter machine, at room temperature naturally cooling, obtain light cinder brick finished product.
The light cinder brick finished product obtained, its property indices meets the related request of national standard " sintered perforated brick and porous building-brick " (GB13544); Intensity is 10MPa, and apparent density is 1120kg/m
3, it leaches Pb, Zn concentration and all specifies lower than the concentration limit of " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3), ensures that light cinder brick finished product is safe to environment.
Embodiment 2
Raw materials quality part is as follows:
38 parts, waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing;
Clay 36 parts;
26 parts, water.
Technical process:
1. waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing is dried, be fine into powder with grinding of ball grinder, by the waste residue powder of the square hole sieve of 0.2mm as raw material for standby;
2. clay is dried, be broken into powder, by the clay powder of the square hole sieve of 0.2mm as raw material for standby;
3. prepare burden by above-mentioned mass fraction;
4. pour in the stirred silo of stirrer by waste residue powder and clay after the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing of metering, stirrings of machining, adds water, continuation stirring, obtains waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing;
5. by waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed shaping forming after the Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing after stirring, air-dry under room temperature, obtain base substrate;
6. sinter machine is put in the adobe obtained to fire, sintering temperature is 1150 DEG C, and sintering time is 35min, and described adobe, in sinter machine, successively through preheating, sintering, process for cooling stage, is cooled to 350 DEG C in sinter machine;
8. take out in sinter machine, at room temperature naturally cooling, obtain light cinder brick finished product.
The light cinder brick finished product obtained, its property indices meets the related request of national standard " sintered perforated brick and porous building-brick " (GB13544); Intensity is 10MPa, and apparent density is 1125kg/m
3, it leaches Pb, Zn concentration and all specifies lower than the concentration limit of " Hazardous wastes judging standard leaching characteristic identification " (GB5085.3), ensures that light cinder brick finished product is safe to environment.
Comparative example 1
Scheme 1: waste residue incorporation α=100 mass parts, clay incorporation 0 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing;
Scheme 2: waste residue incorporation α=50 mass parts after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, clay incorporation 50 mass parts;
Firing temperature is decided to be 900,1000,1100,1200,1300 DEG C, and the firing time is decided to be 30min, and two schemes test 10 groups altogether.
Scheme 1 fire result as shown in Fig. 1 (a-e).Wherein, the firing temperature of a, b, c, d and e is respectively 900,1000,1100,1200,1300 DEG C.
Scheme 2 fire result as shown in Fig. 2 (a-e).Wherein, the firing temperature of a, b, c, d and e is respectively 900,1000,1100,1200,1300 DEG C.
Table 5 is that under the different sintering temperature of two schemes, the performance of product manifests.
Under the different sintering temperature of table 5 two schemes, the performance of product manifests
This shows: the product that scheme 1 (after zinc ore ore dressing waste residue incorporation α=100 mass parts) unfired one-tenth is shaping, the too high direct fusion of temperature; Scheme 2 (after zinc ore ore dressing waste residue incorporation α=50 mass parts) is then because temperature differing appearance goes out very large difference, so wherein whether the key distinction of performance has powder in intensity and surface at 900 DEG C and 1000 DEG C, at 1000 DEG C and 1100 DEG C, the key distinction of performance is whether occur enamel, at 1100 DEG C and 1200 DEG C, the key distinction of performance is inflation status, and the key distinction that at 1200 DEG C and 1300 DEG C, light body walling material shows is whether complete scorification.Therefore, waste residue incorporation after zinc ore ore dressing is set as roughly 50 mass parts, the incorporation of clay is set as 50 mass parts, and firing temperature is set as roughly 1100 DEG C-1200 DEG C.
On this basis, the present invention has carried out further investigation to waste residue incorporation after zinc ore ore dressing, and after the ore dressing of discovery Pb-Zn deposits, the mass parts of waste residue is 35-43, and when the mass parts of clay is 30-41, the light body walling material prepared meets the requirements.
The present invention has investigated the relation of the intensity of sintering temperature (1100 DEG C-1200 DEG C) and product, density, water-intake rate, Pb leaching concentration and Zn leaching concentration further.Wherein, waste residue incorporation α=40 mass parts, sintering time t=30min, sets different sintering temperatures 1100,1140,1150,1160,1170,1200 DEG C.
Fig. 3 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product strength.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product density.
Fig. 5 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and product water-intake rate.
Fig. 6 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and Pb leaching concentration.
Fig. 7 is the graph of a relation of sintering temperature and Zn leaching concentration.
Along with the increase of sintering temperature, the intensity of product obviously increases, and water-intake rate obviously reduces, and density first reduces rear increase, and heavy metal Pb, Zn stripping quantity slowly reduce, and are all far smaller than the concentration limit of standard.
And the form of product under observing different amplification respectively under a scanning electron microscope.
The electron micrograph that Fig. 8 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1100 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 40 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
The electron micrograph that Fig. 9 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1140 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 35 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 700 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 10 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1150 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 30 times, and b amplifies 500 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 11 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1160 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 30 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 700 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 12 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1170 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 100 times, and b amplifies 450 times, and c amplifies 1300 times.
The electron micrograph that Figure 13 (a-c) is sintering temperature 1200 DEG C of products.Wherein, a amplifies 60 times, and b amplifies 400 times, and c amplifies 1200 times.
In conjunction with scanning electron microscope, the product observed under differing temps can find:
Along with the rising of temperature, melt composition and increase, amelification is more obvious, and pore reduces again from less to more gradually.
When temperature is 1100 DEG C, surface is without obvious enamel, and internal structure is relatively fine and close, and hole is less, and it is more not melt composition size distribution, as all fairly obvious in do not melted particle under figure low range camera lens and high-rate lens.
Along with temperature is elevated to 1140 DEG C, melt sign obvious gradually, subsurface enamel is still not obvious, and structure becomes loose fine and close, and hole diameter mostly is 1-3mm, surface irregularity, micro-pore distribution at random, still has the particle much do not melted to exist under high power camera lens.
Temperature rises to 1150 DEG C, and internal void is flourishing, and between block, between particle, grain edges is clear, and hole is little of 40 μm, and large reaches 5 ~ 8mm, and pore size is alternate, and overall distribution is more even.Surface melting sign is obvious, and internal structure fusing sign is slightly weak, has new crystalline phase to generate under high-rate lens as seen.
Temperature is elevated to after 1160 DEG C, occurs obvious melting phenomenon, obviously air porous expanded, not of uniform size, and high power camera lens lower-glass is obvious mutually, but has gas effusion vestige.
Temperature is elevated to after 1170 DEG C, and the melting phenomenon of surface and inside is all fairly obvious, and high power camera lens lower-glass is obvious mutually, but pores collapse is obvious.
Temperature is raised to 1200 DEG C, and surface is amelification all, and flat smooth, clearly, compact structure tight is still all enamel under high power camera lens to melting trace.
In sum, the most preferred firing temperature of the present invention is 1130 DEG C ~ 1160 DEG C.
Claims (7)
1. a light body walling material, be made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 35-43 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 30-41
Water 23-35.
2. light body walling material according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described light body walling material is made up of the raw material of following mass parts:
Waste residue 38-40 after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing
Clay 36-37
Water 23-26.
3. the method for the light body walling material of preparation described in claim 1 or 2, comprises the steps:
1) by waste residue powder, clay powder and water mix and blend after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, waste residue powder and clay powder mixing wet feed after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing is obtained;
2) by after described mixing wet feed shaping forming, air-dry under room temperature, obtain base substrate;
3) base substrate obtained is fired 30min ~ 35min at the temperature of 1130 DEG C ~ 1160 DEG C, obtain light body walling material.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: after described Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, waste residue powder is prepared by following method: dried by waste residue after Pb-Zn deposits ore dressing, ball milling, sieves, and collects screen underflow and get final product.
5. the method according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that: described clay powder is prepared by following method: dried by clay, be broken into powder, sieve, and collects screen underflow and get final product.
6. the method according to claim 4 or 5, is characterized in that: described in sieve and all adopt the square hole sieve of 0.2mm to carry out.
7. the light body walling material for preparing of method according to any one of claim 3-6.
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| SU1028637A1 (en) * | 1981-12-03 | 1983-07-15 | Алма-Атинский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт строительных материалов | Ceramic composition for making wall products |
| CN86107821A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-06-22 | 林承焕 | With the tailings of lead-zinc ore is the ornamental brick and the technology thereof of main raw material |
| RU2065424C1 (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1996-08-20 | Новочеркасский политехнический институт | Ceramic paste for producing facing tile |
| CN102249646A (en) * | 2011-05-09 | 2011-11-23 | 陈子川 | Method for preparing red brick |
| CN104276810A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 旬阳县中天工贸有限公司 | Tailing slag shale brick and preparation method thereof |
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2015
- 2015-05-29 CN CN201510289703.5A patent/CN104944900B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| SU1028637A1 (en) * | 1981-12-03 | 1983-07-15 | Алма-Атинский научно-исследовательский и проектный институт строительных материалов | Ceramic composition for making wall products |
| CN86107821A (en) * | 1986-11-10 | 1988-06-22 | 林承焕 | With the tailings of lead-zinc ore is the ornamental brick and the technology thereof of main raw material |
| RU2065424C1 (en) * | 1993-04-20 | 1996-08-20 | Новочеркасский политехнический институт | Ceramic paste for producing facing tile |
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