CN104930584B - Parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system - Google Patents
Parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104930584B CN104930584B CN201410108655.0A CN201410108655A CN104930584B CN 104930584 B CN104930584 B CN 104930584B CN 201410108655 A CN201410108655 A CN 201410108655A CN 104930584 B CN104930584 B CN 104930584B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/70—Hybrid systems, e.g. uninterruptible or back-up power supplies integrating renewable energies
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Abstract
Parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system is made up of superconducting flat solar energy heating circulation, accumulator, heat-pump hot-water unit heating circulation, warmer, the part of automatic controller five, it is characterized in that the circulation of high-efficiency superconducting flat panel solar heat collecting is in parallel with heat-pump hot-water unit heating circulation, respective independence, it is complementary to one another, carry out thermal-arrest, accumulator heat accumulation in a manner of sensible heat and latent heat heat accumulation, domestic hot-water is heated and provided with high-performance heat exchanger heat transfer form under automatic controller control.The system architecture is simple, and thermal conversion efficiency is high, year long operational time, it is pollution-free, do not limited by meteorology with use condition, obvious energy conservation, preferably solve solar energy bathing, heating and problem of freezing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hot water bathing heating system, is especially a kind of parallel superconductive solar Heat Pump washing
Bathe heating system.
Background technology
Hot water bathing heating at present using it is more be gas heater, coal burning water heater, electric heater, air source heat pump
Water heater, water source heat pump water heater, solar water heater.It is for bathing and heating with combustion gas, fire coal, electric water heater heating cold water
It is extremely non-remunerative.Such as gas heater because in terms of having high-temperature exhaust emission, imperfect combustion, forced fume exhaust and heat exchange efficiency
Loss, actual heating efficiency is only 0.5~0.7；Using coal-fired water heating, its heating efficiency only has 0.4, uses electric heater
Its heating efficiency of water heating only has 0.85, and the heating efficiency of heat pump is up to 5.6, therefore, obtains low-temperature water heating abroad, to disappear
The traditional approach of consuming electric power or fuel chemical energy is progressively making way for heat pump heating mode.
By the use of air source heat pump using air as thermal source, there is simple system, year long operational time, in China the Changjiang river
In The Middle And Lower Reaches, it has been applied.But the demand trend contrast of the change and heating load due to its heating capacity, and
In summer high temperature and winter cold snap, heat pump heating efficiency can substantially reduce, or even can not work, thus application conditions by
To a definite limitation.With water resource heat pump using water as carrier, using underground water, industrial wastewater, sewage having a large capacity and a wide range etc. as low
Position thermal source, but the application of water resource heat pump is by water condition, the geologic structure of water layer, water resource Distursement and energy resource structure
With the limitation of the factor such as price.Ripe using soil earth source heat pump heat supply process, buried tubular type makes in the U.S., Europe in recent years
In.But because earth source heat pump is in use there is also certain limitation, such as：Soil thermal conductivity is smaller, intensity of heat exchange
It is small, limited by practical application place；Particularly heat pump is long-term continuously takes hot (or accumulation of heat) from soil, it will makes the temperature of soil
Degree head's phase cannot effectively recover, and so as to cause the soil moisture constantly to reduce (or rise), this not only lowers source pump
COP values, simultaneously because the change of evaporating temperature and condensation temperature and make operation of heat pump operating mode unstable.Solar energy is a kind of green
Color low-grade energy, using regular solar bathing and heating, energy-conservation is obvious, but by meteorological and use condition and heating efficiency
Limitation, such as influenceed by cloudy day, dim light, few light and building backlight condition, be difficult to play the sun when solar irradiation is very low
The advantage of energy.And the collecting plate or thermal-collecting tube needed with solar heating is quite a lot of, floor space is big, and high-rise small high-rise utilizes
Solar heating is difficult, heating to install high-power auxiliary thermal source additional to accumulator.At present solar energy is used as by the use of electrothermal tube
The auxiliary thermal source of accumulator, thermal conversion efficiency is low, and power consumption is big, and user can not receive, and also load does not rise family expenses wire.Use heat pump
Organically combined in different forms with solar energy and form solar energy and heat pump parallel connection type heating system, be the hot topic studied at present in the industry
Problem.
The content of the invention
To solve technical problem and defect existing for above-mentioned solar hot-water bath heating system, spy sends out the purpose of the present invention
It is bright it is a kind of it is efficient, pollution-free, not by it is meteorological limit with use condition, family family can be hot with the parallel superconductive solar of convenient use
Pump hot water bathing heating system, its general principle are as follows：
Heat-pump hot-water unit is a kind of generation hot water apparatus of advanced high-efficiency energy-saving pollution-free, and it is low to be that one kind can utilize
Potential energy obtains the technology of high potential.Heat pump is a kind of power driven compressor in itself, and its effect is to working medium in closed-loop path
Cold and hot exchange phase transformation circulation is carried out, efficiently carries out heat transfer.So the heat that heat-pump hot-water unit discharges is not electricity consumption
What heater output was come, but obtained by heat-pump hot-water unit from surrounding space thermal source.The course of work can simply think to steam
Send out in device absorption air or water after heat, working medium carburation by evaporation, energy storage is delivered to by hot compression is vaporized by heat pump compressor
In energy storage material in device (i.e. heat release), then condense and become liquid, return evaporator through loop, go round and begin again, closed circulation.
The ratio between electric energy of transporting capacity and input heat pump is referred to as Energy Efficiency Ratio, is represented with COP.The COP values of general heat pump are both greater than 4, also
Be to say 1 degree of electricity of source pump, can produce heat caused by more than more than 4 degree electric energy, COP it is high can produce 5 degree
The heat of above electric energy.
In order to reduce indoor temperature (or being refrigeration), air conditioner is moved outdoor to and put the heat of interior is absorbed from air
Fall.If heating principle using heat-pump hot-water unit, these more waste heat energies that air conditioner is discharged are discharged into accumulator,
Energy storage material heats, and central hot water or cold water's unit is made, this is not only saved, and can obtain heating hot water.But due to empty at present
Performance and the system limitation of tune machine, such as meeting generation system high pressure, compressor high temperature, influence unit durability, or even system occur and surpass
Pressure protection or the danger of explosion, its rejection temperature is no more than 45 DEG C, so the central air-conditioning used at present can not use its
Waste heat is warmed oneself for domestic hot water.And heat-pump hot-water unit is identical with air conditioner cold and hot water working principle of said set, inverse Kano is all followed
Circulation theory, except that the heat-pump hot-water unit of the present invention is a kind of high temperature thermal pump water heater group, it can produce 60
Hot water more than DEG C, and compressor will not overheat, system pressure is normal.Under conditions of 15 DEG C of environment temperature, 2.2kw heat-pump hot-waters
Two tons of water are increased to 60 DEG C by 20 DEG C and about needed 9 hours by unit, 20 degree of power consumption, and same two tons of water electrothermal tube direct electro heating
96 degree of electricity of need, its energy-saving effect are fairly obvious.Heat-pump hot-water unit occupation area of equipment is small, it is not necessary to sets computer room, integration
Installation, it is simple in construction, can be to energy storage material (including water) without particular/special requirement using special heat exchanger.The high warm newly developed
Pump hot water machine group is that heat pump hot water preparing and refrigeration create condition.
Heat-pump hot-water unit can be with round-the-clock running, and the water at low temperature that winter preheats solar thermal collector enters heat-pump hot-water
Unit is circulated, and both can solve a family heat supply in northern area winter after combining and adopt completely in a manner of accumulator heat accumulation
It is warm, cooling in summer, the requirement of year-round provision hot water.
Parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system be by high-efficiency superconducting flat panel solar heat collecting circulation with
Heat-pump hot-water unit circulation is connected in parallel, the heat accumulation in a manner of accumulator heat accumulation, the collecting system independent of each other to complement each other.
It is characterized in that superconducting flat solar energy heating circulates the basic temperature level for improving heat-pump hot-water unit, heat-pump hot-water unit
Auxiliary heating when circulation is to meet that solar energy heating circulation can not meet heat demand.Superconducting flat solar energy heating follows
Ring utilizes quick collection of the hot superconduction principle to solar radiant energy, quick transmission and quick heat exchange, and obtains heat energy, is stored in
Accumulator, when there is the sun, superconducting flat solar energy heating, which circulates, does not need any additionaling power efficiently to complete sun spoke
Penetrate the rapid translating that can arrive heat energy and storage.In cloudy day, dim light, astigmatism, when solar irradiation is very low, heat-pump hot-water unit is utilized
Low temperature in accumulator is efficiently completed in circulation can arrive rapid translating and the storage of high temperature energy.Night outdoor temperature is extremely low in the winter time,
, can using heat-pump hot-water unit circulation as long as the energy storage material temperature in accumulator is higher than 5 DEG C (auxiliary electro-heat pipe somewhat heats)
Rapid translating and the storage of high temperature energy can be arrived efficiently to complete low temperature.
Superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system is by superconducting flat solar thermal collector, accumulator, heat-pump hot-water
Unit, warmer, the part of automatic controller five composition, it is characterized in that superconducting flat solar thermal collector be assemblied in accumulator compared with
Lower curtate position, superconductive heat transfer pipe and superconduction return duct connect the heat exchange coil of accumulator one with superconducting flat solar thermal collector
Rise, form union pipe --- superconductive heat transfer pipe --- vacuum pump drainage air valve --- heat exchange coil on superconducting flat solar thermal collector
C --- superconduction return duct --- one sealing closed loop of the upper union pipe of union pipe under superconductive flat plate collector --- heat collection rack pipes ---
Superconductive solar heating, the solar heat obtained is stored in accumulator by heat exchange coil C.Heat pump water-heating machine
The evaporator of group is by heat exchange coil D, return duct, the expansion valve in appendix, gas compressor, accumulator, then to evaporator,
Form the heating of a working media sealing closed loop, the height that heat-pump hot-water unit is obtained under the control of automatic controller
Warm amount is stored in accumulator by heat exchange coil D.Accumulator is by housing, dress energy-storage liquid in the housing and several energy storage
Capsule, heat exchange coil A, B, C, D composition inside accumulator, the heat exchange coil A of accumulator pass through efferent duct and circulating pump
It is connected with warmer and forms heat supply heating circulation loop with return duct, is provided and adopt to warmer under the control of automatic controller
Warm heat matchmaker heats for user.Cool water heating is supplied to wash by the heat exchange coil B that cold water is entered accumulator by water inlet pipe from outlet pipe outflow
Bath and domestic hot-water.The control line of described automatic controller is connected with gas compressor, circulating pump, electrothermal tube, and sensors A is inserted
In accumulator, sensor B is inserted in warmer.
Described superconducting flat solar thermal collector by be arranged parallel to each other some isometric heat collection rack pipes, be welded on thermal-arrest
The absorber plate for scribbling coating for selective absorption on comb, the horizontal first line of a couplet collection together with some heat collection rack pipes both ends UNICOMs
Pipe and lower union pipe are formed.Upper union pipe right-hand member is cecum, the left end beginning connects with superconductive heat transfer pipe, and lower union pipe right-hand member is blind
End, the left end beginning connects with superconduction return duct, and high-efficiency superconducting material is housed in some heat collection rack pipes inner edges, heat collection rack pipes back with
Periphery is equipped with thermal insulating warm-keeping layer and shell body, and its top is equipped with the high transparent cover plate of light transmittance.The effect of superconductive flat plate collector
It is that solar radiation is quickly converted to heat energy, and heat energy is quickly and efficiently passed to by superconductive heat transfer pipe and heat exchange coil C
Energy-storage liquid and several energy storage capsules in accumulator, heat is stored in accumulator.Described heat collection rack pipes, upper and lower union pipe
Can be copper pipe or aluminum pipe with absorber plate, a diameter of 8~Ф of the Ф 10mm of heat collection rack pipes, up and down header diameter is Ф
14~Ф 22mm.
The described high-efficiency superconducting material filled in some heat collection rack pipes inner edges is liquid, and either solid-state or liquid mix admittedly
State is closed, the liquid capacity of its liquid, which is superconductive flat plate collector, superconductive heat transfer pipe, heat exchange coil C, superconduction return duct are formed is
The 35%~40% of the total measurement (volume) of system, the latent heat of vaporization can be produced after superconducting material is heated, the heat energy that solar energy converts is passed through
In system deposit accumulator.
Described superconductive heat transfer pipe is a metal on-right angle swan-neck, and one end connects with heat exchange coil C upper ends, the other end with
The first line of a couplet header in communication of superconducting flat solar thermal collector, centre connect with vacuum pump drainage air valve, and it can be by the superconducting flat sun
Can the solar energy that absorbs of heat collector by the high-efficiency superconducting material of phase transformation rapidly and efficiently pass to heat exchange coil C.Superconductive heat transfer
Pipe diameter is generally 16~Ф of Ф 22mm.
Described superconduction return duct is a metal bending curved tube, and one end is connected with heat exchange coil C lower ends, and the other end is put down with superconduction
The second line of a couplet header in communication of plate and solar heat collector, it can be by the high-efficiency superconducting Material recirculation unloaded in superconduction heat exchange coil pipe to superconduction
In flat-plate solar collector.A diameter of 10~Ф of the Ф 12mm of superconduction return duct.
The described vacuum pump drainage air valve being arranged on superconductive heat transfer pipe is made up of valve body, rotation thimble and pump drainage gas port.
Vacuum pump drainage air valve is the special valve designed for system charge high-efficiency superconducting material and detecting system vacuum, it will
Superconducting flat solar thermal collector, superconductive heat transfer pipe, heat exchange coil C, superconduction return duct, heat collection rack pipes, superconductive flat plate collector
Sealing closed-loop system is formed after exhaust.
Described automatic controller is made up of control board, two sensors and shell body.Control line and gas compression
Machine, circulating pump, electrothermal tube connection, sensor 1 are inserted in accumulator, and sensor 2 is inserted in warmer.Its effect is in the sun
Safeguards system does not need any additionaling power efficiently to complete solar radiant energy to the quick of heat energy in the case that radiation is good
Conversion and storage；In cloudy day, dim light, few light, automatic start gas compressor when solar irradiation is very low, high temperature heat pump heat is utilized
Water dispenser group, which efficiently completes solar radiation low temperature, can arrive rapid translating and the storage of high temperature heat, and summer is used to produce cold air.
Described accumulator by shell body, inner bag, the insulation material between shell body and inner bag, in inner bag
Heat exchange coil A, B, C, D, the electricity on its shell body add pipe, temperature controller, power line, magnesium rod, hydroelectric isolator and T/P valve structures
Into.Accumulator be able to can incite somebody to action by the solar energy that superconducting flat solar thermal collector is collected by heat exchange coil C portions stored within
The heat of storage is exported for heating by heat exchange coil A, can also be had trough-electricity heat pump in the form of heat in night
Wherein, used for next day.The heat of storage can be exported for bathing by heat exchange coil B.Electrothermal tube, temperature on its shell body
Control device, power line, magnesium rod, hydroelectric isolator, water inlet pipe, outlet pipe, sewage draining exit and T/P valves structural form and action principle and
Accumulating type electric water heater is essentially identical.Electric heating tube is in accumulator quantity of heat storage deficiency or night in winter water temperature is less than 5 DEG C, can be with
Automatic start is heated to accumulator, and basic heat is provided to heat-pump hot-water unit.
Energy-storage liquid in described accumulator is the heat transfer containing metal powder that can be stored sensible heat and carry out heat transmission
Oil, such as cottonseed oil containing metal powder or diphenyl mixture or JD350 liquid or hydrogenated terphenyl liquid, its temperature in use
Scope is 0 DEG C~320 DEG C.Added with tiny iron powder or copper powder in the JD350 used in this programme, passed with improving the heat of energy-storage liquid
Conductance.Energy-storage liquid and several energy storage capsule effective volumes account for 95% of dischargeable capacity in accumulator.
Energy storage capsule in described accumulator is in spherical shape body or cylinder, and energy storage capsule is metal shell or resistance to
The polypropylene shell or polyvinyl chloride outer shell of high temperature, fin or teeth are equipped with shell, and shell is less than 90 built with fusing point
DEG C, heat of solution be more than 240KJKg-1Solid-liquid phase change energy storage material, such as 27%NaNO3With 73%NaOH mixing powder, or
Person's solid octadecanoid acid, or polyalcohol NPG+ trimethylolpropanes.Solid-liquid phase change energy storage material accounts for energy storage capsule dischargeable capacity
90%.Substantial amounts of solar energy latent heat can be stored using energy storage capsule, purpose of the shell equipped with fin or teeth is easy to energy storage
Quickly the heat in energy storage capsule can be discharged into energy-storage liquid as row in unnecessary heat deposit energy storage capsule in liquid, during use
Measure cylinder heat supply.
The heat-insulation layer of described accumulator is glass fibre either asbestos or polyurethanes, and its thermal conductivity factor is less than
0.175W/ (mK), insulation layer thickness are more than 100MM.
Described accumulator can with it is vertical it is horizontal be arranged on wall on, can also horizontal shape be arranged on wall on, also may be used
Implement console mode installation to form one with superconducting flat solar thermal collector, superconducting flat solar thermal collector can be mounted in
On any position.General accumulator case is arranged on toilet.
The gas compressor of described heat-pump hot-water unit is assembled together with evaporator, and its condenser is installed in accumulator
The heat exchange coil D of bottom, heat exchange coil D are a metal heat exchangers, and its heat exchange area is evaporator device work effective area
65%~70%, heat exchange coil D diameter is generally Ф 16mm.Heat exchange coil is copper pipe, and heat exchange coil is equipped with phase transformation refrigerant.
It is very low when being difficult to play the advantage of solar energy to run into cloudy day, dim light, few light or user's solar irradiation in building backlight, from
Movement controller starts gas compressor according to the Low emissivity signal that the sensor in accumulator provides by sensor, makes accumulator
Middle energy-storage liquid heating, is used for user's bathing and heating.The Low emissivity heat of solar energy is heated again using gas compressor, heating system
Number up to 4~5 (coefficient of performance of domestic air source heat pump is typically between 1.5~3.0), solve cloudy day, dim light, lack light and
The defects of being difficult to play the advantage of solar energy when solar irradiation is very low under the conditions of building backlight etc..After tested, using solar energy
In the case where solar radiation condition is bad, heat-pump hot-water unit can often obtain than air source heat pump more heat pump hot water preparing
High evaporating temperature, thus there is the higher coefficient of performance, and heating performance influenceed by indoor and outdoor mercury dropped it is smaller.Summer
It can also be freezed using heat-pump hot-water unit evaporator.
The described heat exchange coil A mounted in accumulator inner bag middle and upper part is a metal heat exchanger, and its heat exchange area is
The 40%~60% of warmer area, its upper end are connected and connected with warmer by efferent duct, lower end and circulating pump, return duct
Connect and connect, heating agent conductive fluid is housed in warmer system.
The parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system course of work：When solar irradiation is good, solar radiation
It is radiated at by transparent cover plate on the absorber plate of superconductive flat plate collector, coating for selective absorption is by solar radiation energy on absorber plate
Heat energy is converted into, by absorber plate, heat collection rack pipes, upper union pipe and superconductive heat transfer pipe at once dives the gasification of high-efficiency superconducting material
Gasification latent heat is delivered to energy-storage liquid by heat transfer at once to the heat exchange coil C in accumulator, heat exchange coil C by itself outer wall
In, after the high-efficiency superconducting material unloading energy of gasification, it is changed into liquid runs down return line flow and enters superconducting flat solar thermal collector
In lower union pipe and some heat collection rack pipes, then receive solar radiation energy, continue to complete the thermal-arrest of top, heat transfer, hot-cast socket process,
Go round and begin again, the energy-storage liquid in accumulator and energy storage capsule are constantly heated, heat energy is stored in energy-storage liquid in the form of sensible heat, with latent
The form of heat is stored in several energy storage capsules.Cold water enters the heat exchange coil B of accumulator from water inlet during bathing, and water is heated
Flowed out from delivery port.For accumulator under the control of automatic controller, heat exchange coil A passes through efferent duct, circulating pump, backflow during heating
Pipe provides circulation heating agent to the radiator of warmer or ground heat radiation and heated for user.Water temperature over-high or accumulator medium temperature are spent
Certain heat can be discharged by T/P valves when high.Such as run into cloudy day, dim light, few light or user's sun spoke in building backlight
According to amount very it is low be difficult to play solar energy advantage when, automatic controller start gas compressor work heating, adopted for user's bathing
It is warm to use.If water temperature also can not meet requirement, storage of the electrothermal tube to accumulator on its temperature controller meeting automatic start outer wall
Energy liquid carries out concurrent heating, and heat-pump hot-water unit continues heating on the basis of concurrent heating.
The beneficial effect of parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system：Parallel superconductive solar Heat Pump
Water washing bath heating system has simple in construction, and cost is low, and thermal conversion efficiency is high, year long operational time, efficiently, pollution-free, water temperature
Height, not by meteorological the advantages that being limited with use condition, than gas heater, electric heater, gas heater, coal burning water heater,
Air source hot pump water heater, water source heat pump water heater, solar water heater are more energy efficient.The system produce hot water power consumption be only
The 50% of electricity auxiliary heating solar water heater, saving energy 50%, preferably solve solar energy bathing, heating and refrigeration and ask
Topic.With 100m2Exemplified by family family, individually all using solar energy bathing and heating, it is necessary to install 2m220 pieces of flat board, and use parallel
Superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water bathing and heating needs to install 2m24 pieces of cans of flat board.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic diagram of the present invention.
Wherein 1, superconducting flat solar thermal collector, 2, accumulator, 3, heat-pump hot-water unit, 4, warmer, 5, automatic control
Device processed, 6, superconductive heat transfer pipe, 7, superconduction return duct, 8, heat exchange coil C, 9, upper union pipe, 10, vacuum pump drainage air valve, 11, the second line of a couplet
Collector, 12, heat collection rack pipes, 13, evaporator, 14, appendix, 15, gas compressor, 16, heat exchange coil D, 17, return duct, 18,
Expansion valve, 19, heat exchange coil B, 20, housing, 21, energy-storage liquid, 22, energy storage capsule, 23, heat exchange coil A, 24, efferent duct, 25, follow
Ring pump, 26, return duct, 27, water inlet pipe, 28, outlet pipe, 29, control line, 30, control line, 31, control line, 32, sensors A,
33rd, sensor B, 34, absorber plate, 35, superconducting material, 36, heat-insulation layer, 37, shell body, 38, transparent cover plate, 39, control circuit
Plate, 40, housing, 41, inner bag, 42, insulation material, 43, electrothermal tube, 44, temperature controller, 45, power line, 46, magnesium rod, 47, water power
Isolator, 48, T/P valves, 49, sewage draining exit, 50, blower fan.
Embodiment
With reference to the following drawings and embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system is by superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1, accumulator 2, Heat Pump
Water dispenser group 3, warmer 4, the part of automatic controller 5 five composition, it is characterized in that superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1 is assemblied in energy storage
The lower position of device 2, superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 and superconduction return duct 7 are by the heat exchange coil C8 of accumulator 2 and superconducting flat solar energy collection
Hot device 1 is connected together, and forms union pipe 9 --- superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 --- vacuum pump drainage on superconducting flat solar thermal collector
--- heat exchange coil C8 --- superconduction return duct 7 --- union pipe 11 under the superconductive flat plate collector --- heat collection rack pipes of air valve 10
12 --- the superconductive solar heating of upper 9 one sealing closed loops of union pipe, the solar heat obtained pass through the disk that exchanges heat
Pipe C8 is stored in accumulator 2.The evaporator 13 of heat-pump hot-water unit 3 passes through appendix 14, gas compressor 15, accumulator 2
In heat exchange coil D16, return duct 17, expansion valve 18, then to evaporator 13, form the heating of a working media sealing closed loop
System, the heat of high temperature that heat-pump hot-water unit 3 is obtained under the control of automatic controller 5 are stored in by heat exchange coil D16
In accumulator 2.Accumulator by housing 20, dress energy-storage liquid 21 within the casing 20 and several energy storage capsules 22, installed in accumulator
Heat exchange coil A23, heat exchange coil B19, heat exchange coil C8, the heat exchange coil D16 compositions of inside, the heat exchange coil A23 of accumulator 2
It is connected by efferent duct 24 and circulating pump 25 with warmer 4 and forms heat supply heating circulation loop with return duct 26, is being controlled automatically
Heating Medium is provided under control of device 5 processed to warmer 4 to heat for user.The water inlet pipe 27 and heat exchange coil B19 of accumulator 2, go out
Water pipe 28 forms cold water and is converted into hot water channel.The control line 29 of described automatic controller 5 is connected with gas compressor 15, controlled
Line 30 processed is connected with circulating pump 25, control line 31 is connected with electrothermal tube 43, and sensors A 32 is inserted in accumulator 2, sensor B33
It is inserted in warmer 4.
Described superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1 by be arranged parallel to each other some isometric heat collection rack pipes 12, be welded on
The absorber plate 34 for scribbling coating for selective absorption on heat collection rack pipes 12, the water together with some both ends UNICOMs of heat collection rack pipes 12
Flat-shaped upper union pipe 9 and lower union pipe 11 are formed.The upper right-hand member of union pipe 9 is cecum, the left end beginning connects with superconductive heat transfer pipe 6,
The lower right-hand member of union pipe 11 is cecum, and the left end beginning connects with superconduction return duct 7, in some heat collection rack pipes 12 and lower union pipe 11
Side is equipped with high-efficiency superconducting material 35, and the back of heat collection rack pipes 12 and periphery are equipped with thermal insulating warm-keeping layer 36 and shell body 37, its top dress
There is the transparent cover plate 38 that light transmittance is high.The effect of superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1 is that solar radiation is quickly converted into heat energy,
And heat energy is quickly and efficiently passed into energy-storage liquid 21 in accumulator 2 and some by superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 and heat exchange coil C8
Individual energy storage capsule 22, heat is stored in accumulator 2.Described heat collection rack pipes 12,9 times union pipes of upper union pipe 11 and absorber plate
34 can be copper pipe or aluminum pipe, and a diameter of Ф 8mm~Ф 10mm of heat collection rack pipes 12, up and down header diameter is Ф
14mm~Ф 22mm.
The described high-efficiency superconducting material 35 filled in some inner edges of heat collection rack pipes 12 is liquid, either solid-state or liquid
Gu mixed state, the liquid capacity of its liquid is superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1, super heat-conductive pipe 6, heat exchange coil C8, superconduction time
The 35%~40% of the total measurement (volume) for the system that flow tube 7 is formed, the latent heat of vaporization can be produced after superconducting material 35 is heated, by solar energy
The heat energy of conversion is stored in accumulator 2 by system.
Described superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 is a metal on-right angle swan-neck, and one end connects with heat exchange coil C8 upper ends, the other end
Connected with the upper union pipe 9 of superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1, centre connects with vacuum pump drainage air valve 10, and it can put down superconduction
The solar energy that plate and solar heat collector 1 absorbs by the high-efficiency superconducting material 35 of phase transformation rapidly and efficiently pass to heat exchange coil
C8.The diameter of superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 is generally Ф 16mm~Ф 22mm.
Described superconduction return duct 7 is a metal bending curved tube, and one end connects with heat exchange coil C8 lower ends, the other end and superconduction
The lower union pipe 11 of flat-plate solar collector 1 connects, and it can flow back the high-efficiency superconducting material 35 unloaded in heat exchange coil C8
Into superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1.The a diameter of Ф 10mm~Ф 12mm of superconduction return duct 7.
The described vacuum pump drainage air valve 10 being arranged on superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 is by valve body, rotation thimble and pump drainage gas port group
Into.Vacuum pump drainage air valve 6 is the special valve designed for system charge high-efficiency superconducting material 35 and detecting system vacuum, is surpassed
Conduction heat transfer pipe 6, heat exchange coil C8, superconduction return duct 7, heat collection rack pipes 12 it can by superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1, form
Loop exhaust after form sealing closed-loop system.
Described automatic controller 5 by control board 39, control line 29, control line 30, control line 31, sensors A 32,
Sensor B33 and housing 40 are formed.The control line 29 of described automatic controller 5 is connected with gas compressor 15, control line 30
Be connected with circulating pump 25, control line 31 is connected with electrothermal tube 43, sensors A 32 is inserted in accumulator 2, and sensor B33, which is inserted in, to be taken
In warmer 4.Its effect is that safeguards system does not need any additionaling power efficiently complete in the case where solar radiation is good
Into solar radiant energy to the rapid translating of heat energy and storage；In cloudy day, dim light, few light, automatic start when solar irradiation is very low
Gas compressor 15, the rapid translating of high temperature heat can be arrived by efficiently completing solar radiation low temperature using high temperature thermal pump water heater group
With storage, summer is used to produce cold air.
Described accumulator by housing 20, dress energy-storage liquid 21 within the casing 20 and several energy storage capsules 22, installed in storage
Heat exchange coil A23, heat exchange coil B19, heat exchange coil C8, heat exchange coil D16 compositions inside energy device, the heat exchange disk of accumulator 2
Pipe A23 is connected with warmer 4 by efferent duct 24 and circulating pump 25 and forms heat supply heating circulation loop with return duct 26, certainly
Heating Medium is provided under control of movement controller 5 to warmer 4 to heat for user.Cold water enters accumulator 2 by water inlet pipe 27
Heat exchange coil B24 flows out cool water heating for bathing and domestic hot-water from outlet pipe 28.
Described accumulator 2 by shell body 20, inner bag 41, the insulation material 42 between shell body 20 and inner bag 41,
Heat exchange coil A, B, C, D in inner bag, the electrothermal tube 43 on its shell body 20, temperature controller 44, power line 45, magnesium rod
46th, hydroelectric isolator 47 and T/P valves 48 are formed.Superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1 can be collected the solar energy come and led to by accumulator 2
Heat exchange coil C8 portions stored within are crossed, the heat of storage can be exported for heating by heat exchange coil A23, may be used also in night
So that trough-electricity to be existed wherein in the form of heat with heat-pump hot-water unit 3, used for next day.The heat of storage can be passed through heat exchange
Coil pipe B19 is exported for bathing.Electric heating tube 43, temperature controller 44, power line 45, magnesium rod 46, water power on its shell body 20 every
From the structural form and action principle and regenerative electrochemical hot water of device 47, water inlet pipe 27, outlet pipe 28, sewage draining exit 49 and T/P valves 48
Device is essentially identical.Electrothermal tube 43 is in 2 quantity of heat storage deficiency of accumulator or night in winter water temperature is less than 5 DEG C, can be given with automatic start
Accumulator is heated, and basic heat is provided to heat-pump hot-water unit 3.
Energy-storage liquid 21 in described accumulator 2 is the heat biography containing metal powder that can be stored sensible heat and carry out heat transmission
Oil Guide or water, such as cottonseed oil containing metal powder or diphenyl mixture or JD350 liquid or hydrogenated terphenyl liquid.This
The energy-storage liquid 21 used in scheme is that purpose is to improve the heat transfer of energy-storage liquid added with the heat transfer of tiny iron powder or copper powder oil
Rate, its use temperature range are 0 DEG C~320 DEG C, and energy-storage liquid 21 and several effective volumes of energy storage capsule 22 are accounted in accumulator 2 effectively
The 95% of volume.
Energy storage capsule 22 in described accumulator 2 is in spherical shape body or cylinder, energy storage capsule 22 be metal shell or
The resistant to elevated temperatures polypropylene shell of person or polyvinyl chloride outer shell, fin or teeth are housed on shell, shell is small built with fusing point
It is more than 240KJKg in 90 DEG C, heat of solution-1Solid-liquid phase change energy storage material, such as 27%NaNO3With 7396NaOH mixed powder
Agent, either solid octadecanoid acid or polyalcohol NPG+ trimethylolpropanes, this programme use 27%NaNO3With 73%
NaOH mixing powder.Solid-liquid phase change energy storage material accounts for the 90% of the dischargeable capacity of energy storage capsule 22.It can be stored using energy storage capsule 22
The amount of latent heat that substantial amounts of solar energy latent heat and heat-pump hot-water unit obtain, purpose of the shell of energy storage capsule 22 equipped with fin or teeth
It is easy in the unnecessary heat deposit energy storage capsule 22 in energy-storage liquid 21, quickly can releases the heat in energy storage capsule 22 during use
It is put into energy-storage liquid 21.
The heat-insulation layer 42 of described accumulator 2 is glass fibre either asbestos or polyurethanes, its thermal conductivity factor
Less than 0.175W/ (mK), insulation layer thickness is more than 100mm.
Described accumulator 2 can with it is vertical it is horizontal be arranged on wall on, can also horizontal shape be arranged on wall on, also may be used
Implement console mode installation to form one with superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1, superconducting flat solar thermal collector 1 can be mounted in
Any position on.General accumulator is arranged on toilet.
The gas compressor 15 of described heat-pump hot-water unit 3 is assembled together with evaporator 13, and its condenser is installed in
The heat exchange coil D16 of accumulator bottom, heat exchange coil D16 are a metal heat exchangers, and its heat exchange area is evaporator device 13
The 65%~70% of work effective area, heat exchange coil D16 diameter is generally Ф 16mm.Heat exchange coil D16 is copper pipe, heat exchange
Coil pipe D16 is equipped with phase transformation refrigerant.Run into cloudy day, dim light, few light or user's solar irradiation in building backlight is very low is difficult to
When playing the advantage of solar energy, the Low emissivity signal that automatic controller 5 provides according to the sensors A 32 in accumulator 2 passes through line
Road 29 starts gas compressor 15, energy-storage liquid 21 in accumulator 2 is heated up, and is used for user's bathing and heating.Using gas compression
Machine 15 heats again to the Low emissivity heat of solar energy, and (coefficient of performance of domestic air source heat pump typically exists heating efficiency up to 4~5
Between 1.5~3.0), solve solar irradiation under the conditions of cloudy day, dim light, few light and building backlight etc. it is very low when be difficult to play
The defects of advantage of solar energy.After tested, it is bad in solar radiation condition using solar heat pump and water heating unit hot water preparing
In the case of, heat-pump hot-water unit can often obtain the evaporating temperature higher than air source heat pump, thus have higher performance
Coefficient, and heating performance influenceed by indoor and outdoor mercury dropped it is smaller.
The described heat exchange coil A23 mounted in the inner bag middle and upper part of accumulator 2 is a metal heat exchanger, its heat exchange area
For the 40%~60% of the area of warmer 4, its upper end is connected and connected with warmer 4 by efferent duct 24, lower end and circulating pump
25th, return duct 26 is connected and connected, and heating agent conductive fluid is housed in the system of warmer 4.
The parallel superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system course of work：When solar irradiation is good, solar radiation
It is radiated at by transparent cover plate 38 on the absorber plate 34 of superconductive flat plate collector 1, coating for selective absorption is by the sun on suction disc 34
Width, which is penetrated, can be converted into heat energy, and by absorber plate 34, heat collection rack pipes 12, upper union pipe 9 and superconductive heat transfer pipe 6 are at once by high-efficiency superconducting
The gasification latent heat of material 35 passes to the heat exchange coil C8 in accumulator 2, and heat exchange coil C8 at once will gasification by itself outer wall
Latent heat is delivered in energy-storage liquid 21 and energy storage capsule 22, after the unloading energy of high-efficiency superconducting material 35 of gasification, is changed into liquid runs down and is returned
12 in the lower union pipe 11 and some heat collection rack pipes of the inflow superconducting flat of flow tube 7 solar thermal collector 1, then receive solar radiation
Can, the thermal-arrest of top, heat transfer, hot-cast socket process are continued to complete, is gone round and begun again, by the energy-storage liquid 21 and energy storage capsule 22 in accumulator
Constantly heating, heat energy are stored in energy-storage liquid 21 in the form of sensible heat, are stored in the form of latent heat in several energy storage capsules 22.Wash
Cold water enters the heat exchange coil B19 of accumulator 2 from water inlet pipe 27 during bath, and water is heated from outlet pipe 28 and flowed out.Energy storage during heating
Device 4 is under the control of automatic controller 5, and heat exchange coil A23 is by efferent duct 24, circulating pump 25, return duct 26 to warmer 4
Radiator or ground heat radiation provide circulation heating agent and heated for user.Water temperature over-high or the medium temperature of accumulator 2 can lead to when spending high
Cross T/P valves 28 and discharge certain heat.It is very low such as to run into cloudy day, dim light, few light or user's solar irradiation in building backlight
When being difficult to play the advantage of solar energy, automatic controller 5 starts the work heating of gas compressor 15, makes for user's bathing and heating
With.If water temperature also can not meet requirement, energy storage of the electrothermal tube 43 to accumulator 2 on its automatic start outer wall of temperature controller 44
Liquid 21 carries out concurrent heating, and heat-pump hot-water unit 3 continues heating on the basis of concurrent heating.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system, by superconducting flat solar thermal collector (1), accumulator (2),
Heat-pump hot-water unit (3), warmer (4), the part of automatic controller (5) five composition, it is characterized in that superconducting flat solar energy heating
Device 1 is assemblied in the lower position of accumulator (2), superconductive heat transfer pipe (6) and superconduction return duct (7) by the heat exchange disk of accumulator (2)
Pipe C (8) is connected together with superconducting flat solar thermal collector (1), forms union pipe on superconducting flat solar thermal collector
(9) --- superconductive heat transfer pipe (6) --- vacuum pump drainage air valve (10) --- heat exchange coil C (8) --- superconduction return duct (7) ---
Upper union pipe (9) the sealing closed loop superconductive solar system in union pipe (11) under superconductive flat plate collector --- heat collection rack pipes (12) ---
Hot systems, gained solar heat are stored in accumulator (2) by heat exchange coil C (8)；The evaporation of heat-pump hot-water unit (3)
Device (13) passes through the heat exchange coil D (16) in appendix (14), gas compressor (15), accumulator (2), return duct (17), swollen
Swollen valve (18), then to evaporator (13), form medium-tight closed loop heating, controlled by automatic controller (5), obtained heat
Amount is stored in accumulator (2) by heat exchange coil D (16)；Accumulator is by housing (20), the energy-storage liquid in housing (20)
And several energy storage capsules (22), the heat exchange coil A (23) inside accumulator, heat exchange coil B (19), heat exchange coil (21)
C (8), heat exchange coil D (16) are formed, and the heat exchange coil A (23) of accumulator (2) is by efferent duct (24) and circulating pump (25) with taking
Warmer (4) connects and forms heat supply heating circulation loop with return duct (26), is supplied by automatic controller (5) control Heating Medium
It is warm；Water inlet pipe (27) is converted into hot water channel with accumulator (2) heat exchange coil B (19), outlet pipe (28) composition cold water；Described
The control line (29) of automatic controller (5) is connected with gas compressor (15), and control line (30) is connected with circulating pump (25), control
Line (31) is connected with electrothermal tube (31), and sensors A (32) is inserted in accumulator (2), and sensor B (33) is inserted in warmer (4)；
Described superconducting flat solar thermal collector (1) by be arranged parallel to each other some isometric heat collection rack pipes (12), be welded on
The absorber plate (34) for scribbling coating for selective absorption on heat collection rack pipes (12), connect one with some heat collection rack pipes (12) both ends
The horizontal upper union pipe (9) risen and lower union pipe (11) are formed；Upper union pipe (9) right-hand member is cecum, left end beginning and superconduction
Heat-transfer pipe (6) connects, and lower union pipe (11) right-hand member is cecum, and the left end beginning connects with superconduction return duct (7), is arranged in some thermal-arrests
Pipe (12) is equipped with high-efficiency superconducting material (35), heat collection rack pipes (12) back and periphery with lower union pipe (11) inner edge and protected equipped with adiabatic
Warm layer (36) and shell body (37), its top is equipped with the high transparent cover plate (38) of light transmittance, described heat collection rack pipes (12), the first line of a couplet
Collector (9), lower union pipe (11) and absorber plate (34) are copper pipe or aluminum pipe, a diameter of Ф 8mm~Ф of heat collection rack pipes (12)
10mm, up and down header diameter are Ф 14mm~Ф 22mm；
Energy storage capsule (22) in described accumulator (2) is in spherical shape body or cylinder, and energy storage capsule (22) is metal shell
Either resistant to elevated temperatures polypropylene shell or polyvinyl chloride outer shell, fin or teeth are housed on shell, shell is built with fusing point
It is more than 240KJKg less than 90 DEG C, heat of solution-1Solid-liquid phase change energy storage material.
2. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that filling in some collection
The high-efficiency superconducting material (35) of hot comb (12) inner edge is the solid mixed state of liquid, either solid-state or liquid, and the topping up of its liquid holds
Measure and be for what superconducting flat solar thermal collector (1), superconductive heat transfer pipe (6), heat exchange coil C (8), superconduction return duct (7) were formed
The 35%~40% of the total measurement (volume) of system.
3. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described superconduction passes
Heat pipe (6) is a metal on-right angle swan-neck, and one end connects with heat exchange coil C (8) upper end, the other end and superconducting flat solar energy
Upper union pipe (9) connection of heat collector (1), centre connect with vacuum pump drainage air valve (10), superconductive heat transfer pipe (6) a diameter of Ф
16mm~Ф 22mm.
4. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described superconduction is returned
Flow tube (7) is a metal bending curved tube, and one end connects with heat exchange coil C (8) lower end, the other end and superconducting flat solar thermal collector
(1) lower union pipe (11) connection, a diameter of Ф 10mm~Ф 12mm of superconduction return duct (7).
5. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described is arranged on
Vacuum pump drainage air valve (10) on superconductive heat transfer pipe (6) is made up of valve body, rotation thimble and pump drainage gas port.
6. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described automatic control
Device (5) processed is by control board (39), control line (29,30,31), sensors A (32), sensor B (33) and housing (40) structure
Into the control line (29) of described automatic controller (5) is connected with gas compressor (15), control line (30) and circulating pump (25)
Connection, control line (31) are connected with electrothermal tube (43), and sensors A (32) is inserted in accumulator (2), and sensor B (33), which is inserted in, to be taken
In warmer (4).
7. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described accumulator
(2) by housing (20), inner bag (41), the insulation material (42) between housing (20) and inner bag (41), in inner bag
Energy-storage liquid (21) and several energy storage capsules (22), the heat exchange coil A (23) inside inner bag, heat exchange coil B (19), heat exchange
Coil pipe C (8), heat exchange coil D (16), the electrothermal tube (43) on its housing (20), temperature controller (44), power line (45), magnesium
Rod (46), hydroelectric isolator (47) and T/P valves (48) are formed, heat exchange coil A (23) by efferent duct (24), warmer (4), follow
Ring pump (25) connects forms heat supply heating circulation loop, heat exchange coil B (19) and water inlet pipe (27), outlet pipe with return duct (26)
(28) composition cold water is converted into hot water channel, and heat exchange coil C (8) forms sealing closed loop with superconducting flat solar thermal collector (1)
Superconductive solar heating, heat exchange coil D (16) form medium-tight closed loop heating with heat-pump hot-water unit (3).
8. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described accumulator
(2) energy-storage liquid (21) in is the oil of the heat transfer containing metal powder or water of storage sensible heat, and the energy-storage liquid (21) is added with micro-
The heat transfer oil of thin iron powder or fine copper powder, its use temperature range are 0 DEG C~320 DEG C, energy-storage liquid (21) and several storages
Energy capsule (22) effective volume accounts for 95% of dischargeable capacity in accumulator (2).
9. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described accumulator
(2) heat-insulation layer (42) is glass fibre either asbestos or polyurethanes, and its thermal conductivity factor is less than 0.175W/ (m
K), insulation layer thickness is more than 100mm.
10. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described Heat Pump
The gas compressor (15) of water dispenser group (3) is assembled together with evaporator (13), and its condenser is installed in changing for accumulator bottom
Hot coil D (16), heat exchange coil D (16) are a metal heat exchangers, and its heat exchange area is evaporator (13) work significant surface
Long-pending 65%~70%, heat exchange coil D (16) a diameter of Ф 16mm, heat exchange coil D (16) are copper pipe, heat exchange coil D (16)
Equipped with phase transformation refrigerant, heating efficiency 4~5.
11. superconductive solar heat-pump hot-water water bathing heating system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described is mounted in storage
The heat exchange coil A (23) of energy device (2) inner bag middle and upper part is a metal heat exchanger, and its heat exchange area is warmer (4) total face
Long-pending 40%~60%, its upper end are connected and connected with warmer (4) by efferent duct (24), lower end and circulating pump (25), are returned
Flow tube (26) is connected and connected, and heating agent conductive fluid is housed in warmer (4) system.
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| CN105222400B (en) * | 2015-10-13 | 2018-04-06 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of air source heat pump heating and cooling system using phase-changing energy-storing |
| CN105202746A (en) * | 2015-10-16 | 2015-12-30 | 广东万和电气有限公司 | Heating-type water heater |
| CN105466014B (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2018-04-17 | 浙江力德节能科技有限公司 | Heat-pump hot-water unit |
| CN105509127A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-04-20 | 湖北长耀明新能源股份有限公司 | Multi-energy complemented variable-phase energy-storage household heating system |
| CN106287918A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-01-04 | 田幼华 | A kind of across solar energy storage heating system and control method thereof in season |
| CN109442536A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-08 | 山东博日明能源科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for the accumulation of heat cabin of solar energy and application method |
| CN111750414A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-09 | 万江新能源集团有限公司 | Heat storage and energy storage device |
| CN113932561B (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2023-11-17 | 宿迁启祥电子科技有限公司 | Cold and heat storage block and preparation method thereof |
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