CN104926032B - A kind of tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite intensified purification method - Google Patents
A kind of tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite intensified purification method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104926032B CN104926032B CN201510315727.3A CN201510315727A CN104926032B CN 104926032 B CN104926032 B CN 104926032B CN 201510315727 A CN201510315727 A CN 201510315727A CN 104926032 B CN104926032 B CN 104926032B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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Abstract
The present invention is tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage water quality complex intensifying purification method, comprise the following steps: for the demand of tidal waterway, coastal cities restoration of the ecosystem, tidal waterway is carried out region division, is in turn divided into A district, B district, C district, D district and E district from estuary to upper reach；Heavy pond before arranging first in described A district, forms strengthened purification pond in described B district and D district, arranges multiple artificial water plant section and artificial aeration's section in strengthened purification pond；Restoration of the ecosystem is set in described C region and view repairs district；In described B district, C district and the critical part in D district, by arranging porous Ecological Wall.The inventive method is also applied for the ecological management in river course, ordinary municipal, it is particularly well-suited to restoration of the ecosystem and the improvement of the tidal reach that coastal cities are affected by salt water, and there is the effect being obviously improved section, city landscape function, and it is a kind of scientific and effective, the environmentally friendly administering method of sustainable development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to river channel ecology technical field, multistage multiple particularly to a kind of tidal waterway, coastal cities
Close intensified purification method.
Background technology
In flowing through the river course of population accumulation area, a large amount of unprocessed rivers that are just directly discharged into of pollutant make water body meet with
It is stained significantly.How city, for the needs of flood control-discharge dyke, considers river regulation from engineering viewpoint, by river
Curving cut-off in road, three, two sides, river are solidified by cement steel, and such facility has completely cut off river and riverbed
And the connection of riverbank system, make the environment being suitable for more biological existences disappear, its ecological functions and purification
Ability is degenerated the most therewith, and in directly resulting in river course, large number of biological disappears, and the disposal of pollutants of high load capacity makes easily
River water body internal ecosystem collapse is disintegrated, so present stage city river becomes the most black but also smelly mostly,
Typical sewage ditch, alluvial has been become seriously the most substantially to lose function of flood drainage.Riverbank plus solidification lacks parent
Drainage facility, people are gradually distance from river course.
Coastal cities also face another difficult problem that urban river is repaired, it is simply that current city inland river is raw
State reparation is configured to main with Freshwater ecosystems, and during high tide, sea water intrusion can have a strong impact on reparation river
The survival of limnobios in section, the ecological balance of aquatic ecosystem artificial constructed in destroying river.
In view of foregoing description, it would be highly desirable to there is one to be suitable for tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite strengthened purification
Method, repairs river ecosystem and improves streamside and coastal ecological environment, the urban environment beautified.
Summary of the invention
One of the object of the invention is to provide a kind of effective tidal waterway, coastal cities restoration technique,
The method of river course multistage composite aquatic ecosystem can effectively reduce urban river water body float, reduces river
Organic Pollution, cuts down water body eutrophication degree, and the inventive method is also applied for the ecology in common river course
Administering method, is particularly well-suited to the ecological management of tidal waterway, coastal cities, is a kind of scientific and effective, can
The environmentally friendly administering method of sustainable development.
The two of the object of the invention are to provide a kind of metastable urban river aquatic ecosystem constructing technology
Method, the stable ecosystem that Water quality restoration district is formed, long-acting Organic substance can be played and eutrophication is gone
Except function, its advantage of lower cost safeguarded, and go up the landscape effect of river training largely, formed
The city river view restorative procedure that the clear scape of water is beautiful.
For achieving the above object and some other purposes, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A kind of tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that utilize river course
The method of subregion so that the river of high-pollution load enters repair system step by step, formed suspended substance sedimentation-
The water quality complex repairation system that organic removal-nitrogen and phosphorus load is cut down, and combine artificial Ecology view
Design, reaches city river water quality and repairs the purpose with beautification of landscape, mainly comprise the steps that
Step one, carries out region division by tidal waterway, described coastal cities, depends on to upstream from its estuary
Secondary it is divided into A district, B district, C district, D district and E district；
Step 2, arranges the first adjustable type check dam, described A between described A district and downstream tidal reach
District and B interval arrange the second adjustable type check dam；E district and D interval arrange the 3rd adjustable type check dam, E
4th adjustable type check dam is set between district and upper river；The first adjustable type check dam in A district is used for intercepting
Downstream salt water directly invades Water quality restoration district at the incoming tide, and the 4th paramodulant check dam in E district is for intercepting
Trip burst Pollution thing is directly entered Water quality restoration district, affects the stability of Freshwater ecosystem；The
When two and the 3rd adjustable type check dam is mainly used in urban waterlogging and immense floods prevail, the dimension of river course flood discharge function
Hold；
First check dam in A district is mainly used in intercepting the sea water of downstream high salinity at the incoming tide and directly invades water quality
Repairing district, the sea water Freshwater ecosystem of high salinity has destructive impact；The 4th of E district
Check dam is used for intercepting upstream high load capacity pollutant and is directly entered Water quality restoration district, and high load capacity polluted-water is straight
Tapping into into Water quality restoration district, water transparency can be caused to decline, algae grows reduction Dissolved Oxygen in Water in a large number,
Directly affect the stability of the aquatic macrophyte in Water quality restoration district, zoobenthos and Fish Communities etc.；
Step 3, arranges first in described A district at the second adjustable type check dam and blocks dirty airflow fence,
In described E district, at the 3rd adjustable type check dam, arrange second block dirty airflow fence；
Step 4, before forming first in described A district, before heavy pond, and described first, heavy pond is arranged on described
First adjustable type check dam and described first blocks between dirty airflow fence；Heavy pond before forming second in E district, and
Before described second, heavy pond is arranged on described 4th adjustable type check dam and described second and blocks between dirty airflow fence；
First adjustable type check dam the-the four adjustable type check dam also acts as maintenance and regulation and control A district, B district, C
The effect of water level in district, D district and E district, the artificial aquatic ecosystem that Conservative restoration section builds maintains
Enough water levels, the Freshwater ecosystem in protection Water quality restoration district is brought into normal play function.
Step 5, forms strengthened purification pond, in each strengthened purification pond respectively in described B district and D district
Multiple artificial aquatic weed section and multiple artificial aeration's section are set；Described artificial aquatic weed section and artificial aeration
Section is mainly used in reducing the content of organics in water body, B district described in strengthened purification and the river in D district；
Artificial aeration's section is that dissolved oxygen amount in river water is increased by the means by aerator forced aeration,
Provide oxygen to the antibacterial being arranged on the artificial aquatic weed of two artificial aeration zone sections, form biomembrane,
On a biomembranous section, by outer and in define aerobic, amphimicrobian and three kinds of reaction zones of anaerobism.
In aerobic zone, mineralized nitrogen is nitrate by aerobic bacteria, and small organic molecule is converted into carbon dioxide
With water (the ATP that is converted in cyton of Phos)；In anaerobic zone, nitrate is converted by anaerobe
For nitrogen and oxygen (larger molecular organics that difficulty is decomposed is decomposed into degradable small organic molecule).?
Pollution group is just decomposed and changes into the N of effusion water body eventually2、CO2And H2O。
Ecological grass biomembrane mounting means is to be laid by drift type on coagulation stake river course, and stake is precast reinforced mixed
Concretio, ecological grass biomembrane specification is every 1 meter long, 0.05 meter wide.Often row ecological grass biomembrane by
Every ecological grass biomembrane is worn into by rope, and every ecological grass is biomembranous is spaced apart 0.1 meter.Often arrange life
State grass biomembrane is fixed by Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Square Pile.
Step 6, plants multiple submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant on the riverbed in described C district；At its water surface
On arrange stereo ecological platform plantation watercress；In described C district, release multiple Fish and dwell in the aquatic end
Animal；Interval with described B in described C district, it is ecological that described C district and described D district critical part arrange porous
Wall；
Porous ecological brick is to form with clay, shale, gangue, flyash for primary raw material is fired,
Being mainly used in the brick of weight bearing area, external form is right angle hexahedron, and technological process is: determine masoning method →
Mixing mortar → profit brick → select brick and row's brick → masonry panel.The upper and lower fissure of displacement of masonry, inside and outside take block, use
One builds form along a fourth, Flos Mume fourth or three along a header.
After the purified treatment at two ends, C district, in river course, Water quality has basically reached water plant and has moved
The needs of thing life, therefore arrange multiple stereo ecological platform in C district, and the suitably heavy water of plantation is planted
Thing and floatingleaved plant.Wherein, submerged plant can absorb in water and the nutrient such as nitrogen in substrate, phosphorus in a large number
Matter, feedwater height effect oxygen, reduction water body recovery technology concentration, the development of suppression algae and construction lake
The effect of face view；Floating leaf flower plant not only has good beautification of landscape effect, and root system is with floating
Leaf back can absorb the nutrient substance in water body and mud, and upper strata water body is had certain detergence(-cy)；Three-dimensional raw
State platform is to utilize the synergy of microorganism in emergent aquactic plant, plant root-zone microorganism, biofilm carrier
Water body Middle nutrition material and the absorption of polluter, decomposition, Digestion are realized the mesh of purification of water quality
's.
Wherein, described first～the 4th adjustable type check dam when running into urban waterlogging and sudden flood,
Regulating gate fully opens, and completes prevention waterlogging of drainning off floodwaters, and remaining Timing discharge is to provide metastable
Water environment, supports stablizing of Freshwater ecosystem.
Preferably, to account for the length percent of tidal waterway minimum for the length in described A district or described E district
1.5%, it is 5% to the maximum；The length percent that the length in described B district or described D district accounts for tidal waterway is minimum
It is 15%, is 20% to the maximum；Residue section is described C district.
Preferably, the height of described first adjustable type check dam, leads to the nearly 10 years tide notes in coastal cities
The maximum of record；The height of the second adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum of coastal cities history tide record
Value；The height of the 3rd adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum stage value of wet season river course upland water；Institute
State the height of the 4th adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum stage value of wet season river course upland water.
Preferably, described first block dirty airflow fence or described second and block dirty airflow fence by being arranged on upper end
The weight of float, the mesh sheet at middle part and lower end be interconnected to form, and between described adjacent net pieces
Connected by soft contact rope.
So arrange so that described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described second and block dirty airflow fence with water body
The fluctuation of water level and fluctuation, effectively stop floating thing, and the most described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described
Second blocks dirty airflow fence has water flow controlling effect.
Preferably, the riverbed of described B district and D district artificial aeration's section is provided with atomization aeration tube to lead to
Piping is communicated on riverbank the inflator pump being arranged in plenum chamber.
Preferably, in described C district, flow path direction arranges a water lift aeration every 70-100 rice along the river
Machine；It is each provided with at least one plugflow aeration machine at regular intervals in C district at the two ends in described C district
Portion's plug-flow aeration.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with allogenic water drainage tube bottom the riverbank in the middle part of described C district, when water level mistake
Time low, introduce allogenic water every day at times to the water body water distribution of C district, the artificial Aquatic Ecosystem 2 constructed by guarantee
The stability of system.
Preferably, the overall footprint of described stereo ecological platform is at least C district river course water surface area
25～30%.
Preferably, described stereo ecological platform upper end plantation parasol grass, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae and
One or more in Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, lower end hangs artificial aquatic weed.
Preferably, described submerged plant is black algae, Bi Chi Herba potamogetonis distincti, hornwort and the one of watermifoil
Or it is several.
For protection water quality, improve the bio-diversity of water ecosystem, improve the life of water ecosystem
Thing chain, for river course nutrient export create conditions, in river course except improve Submerged plant communities structure,
Improve outside the function that Submerged plant communities purifies water, it is necessary to increase is of value to ecosystem water purification function and sends out
The kind waved, as put the Fish Hypophthalmichthys molitrix of filter food algae in right amount in a suitable place to breed, ingesting and consider broken close silver xenocypris to be worth doing and eat the crow of small fish
Murrels etc., to control the generation of " blue-green alga bloom ".Forbid to put herbivorous fishes such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. in a suitable place to breed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Before first, before heavy pond or second, heavy pond is set to slow down the flow velocity of water body, makes the silt carried in water body
Etc. settling down, improve the clarity of water body, and block dirty airflow fence or second by first and block dirty water conservancy diversion
Floating thing is intercepted by grid, and the streamflow to flowing through tidal city carries out preliminary purification filtration；
Second and the 3rd adjustable type check dam not only act as water level in maintenance, regulation and control B district, C district and D district
Effect, and pour in down a chimney into river course reparation when can effectively stop upstream high pollution river and high tide
District, the environmental condition needed for the Freshwater ecosystem maintenance that protection builds is not by strong disturbance and destruction.
Artificial aeration's section is that dissolved oxygen amount in river water is increased by the means by aerator forced aeration,
Provide oxygen to the antibacterial being arranged on the artificial aquatic weed of two artificial aeration zone sections, form biology smoothly
Film, carries out conversion and decomposes ammonia nitrogen in water body and small organic molecule, and the final group that pollutes just is decomposed
Change into the N of effusion water body2、CO2And H2O。
In a word, the inventive method is to combine ecological method by coastal cities tidal reach height by sectional
The urban life polluted and production waste carry out purified treatment, the most effectively reduce city rivers pollution thing
It is discharged into river mouth, and largely river, beautifying city, indirectly improve city river community service
Function.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The structural representation of multistage composite strengthened purification system.
Fig. 2 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
First blocks dirty airflow fence or second blocks the structural representation of dirty airflow fence.
Fig. 3 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The floor map of artificial aquatic weed section in the strengthened purification pond of B section and D section.
Fig. 4 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The aerator structural representation of artificial aeration's section in the strengthened purification pond of B section and D section.
Fig. 5 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
External water source in the strengthened purification pond of B section and D section is met an urgent need supplementary device structural representation.
Fig. 6 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The planar structure schematic diagram in the Water quality restoration district of C section.
Fig. 7 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The Water quality restoration district submerged plant planting distribution schematic diagram of C section.
Fig. 8 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The Water quality restoration district floatingleaved plant plantation distribution schematic diagram of C section.
Fig. 9 is in an embodiment of tidal waterway, coastal cities of the present invention multistage composite intensified purification method
The schematic diagram of the Water quality restoration district ecological floating island set-up mode of C section.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art join
Book word can be implemented according to this as directed.
As it is shown in figure 1,
In one embodiment, a kind of tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite intensified purification method, profit
Method with river course subregion so that the river of high-pollution load enters repair system step by step, forms float
The water quality complex repairation system that sedimentation-organic removal-nitrogen and phosphorus load is cut down, and combine artificial Ecology
The design of view, reaches city river water quality and repairs the purpose with beautification of landscape, mainly comprise the steps that
Step one, carries out region division by tidal waterway, described coastal cities, depends on to upstream from its estuary
Secondary it is divided into A district 1, B district 2, C district 3, district 5 of D district 4 and E；
Step 2, arranges the first adjustable type check dam 6, described A between described A district and downstream tidal reach
District and B interval arrange the second adjustable type check dam 7；E district and D interval arrange the 3rd adjustable type check dam 8,
4th adjustable type check dam is set between E district and upper river；The first adjustable type check dam in A district is used for intercepting
Downstream salt water directly invades Water quality restoration district at the incoming tide, and the 4th paramodulant check dam in E district is for intercepting
Trip burst Pollution thing is directly entered Water quality restoration district, affects the stability of Freshwater ecosystem；The
Two and the three the second and time the 3rd adjustable type check dam is mainly used in urban waterlogging and immense floods prevail, river course is let out
The maintenance of flood function；
First check dam in A district is mainly used in intercepting the sea water of downstream high salinity at the incoming tide and directly invades water quality
Repairing district, the sea water Freshwater ecosystem of high salinity has destructive impact；The 4th of E district
Check dam is used for intercepting upstream high load capacity pollutant and is directly entered Water quality restoration district, and high load capacity polluted-water is straight
Tapping into into Water quality restoration district, water transparency can be caused to decline, algae grows reduction Dissolved Oxygen in Water in a large number,
Directly affect the stability of the aquatic macrophyte in Water quality restoration district, zoobenthos and Fish Communities etc.；
Step 3, arranges first in described A district at the second adjustable type check dam and blocks dirty airflow fence
12, in described E district, at the 3rd adjustable type check dam, arrange second block dirty airflow fence 13；
Step 4, before forming first in described A district, before heavy pond 10, and described first, heavy pond is arranged on institute
State the first adjustable type check dam and described first to block between dirty airflow fence；Heavy pond 11 before forming second in E district,
And before described second heavy pond be arranged on described 4th adjustable type check dam and described second block dirty airflow fence it
Between；(as shown in Figure 2)
First adjustable type check dam the-the four adjustable type check dam also acts as maintenance and regulation and control A district, B district, C
The effect of water level in district, D district and E district, the artificial aquatic ecosystem that Conservative restoration section builds maintains
Enough water levels, the Freshwater ecosystem in protection Water quality restoration district is brought into normal play function.
Step 5, forms strengthened purification pond, in each strengthened purification pond respectively in described B district and D district
Multiple artificial aquatic weed section and multiple artificial aeration's section are set；Described artificial aquatic weed section 14 and artificial exposure
Gas section 15 is mainly used in reducing the content of organics in water body, in B district described in strengthened purification and D district
River；
As shown in Figure 4, in an embodiment, artificial aeration's section is by aerator forced aeration
Dissolved oxygen amount in river water is increased by means, and wherein, existing aerator includes resistance control valve 26, pneumatics
Machine 27, gas tank 28, effusion meter 29 and aeration total pipeline 30, to be arranged on two artificial aeration zone sections
Artificial aquatic weed on antibacterial provide oxygen, formed biomembrane, on a biomembranous section, by outward
Aerobic, amphimicrobian and three kinds of reaction zones of anaerobism are defined in and.
In aerobic zone, mineralized nitrogen is nitrate by aerobic bacteria, and small organic molecule is converted into dioxy
Change carbon and water (the ATP that is converted in cyton of Phos)；In anaerobic zone, anaerobe is by nitrate
It is converted into nitrogen and oxygen (is decomposed into degradable little molecule the larger molecular organics of difficulty decomposition organic
Thing).Final pollution group is just decomposed and changes into the N of effusion water body2、CO2And H2O。
As it is shown on figure 3, in an embodiment, ecological grass biomembrane mounting means is by coagulation stake river
On road, drift type is laid, and stake is precast reinforced coagulation structure, ecological grass biomembrane specification is every 1 meter long,
0.05 meter wide.Often every ecological grass biomembrane is worn into by row's ecological grass biomembrane 23 by rope 24, every
Ecological grass is biomembranous is spaced apart 0.1 meter.Often row's ecological grass biomembrane passes through Prefabricated Reinforced Concrete Square Pile
25 fix.
Step 6, plants multiple submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant on the riverbed in described C district；At its water surface
On arrange stereo ecological platform plantation watercress 44；Release in described C district at multiple Fish and the aquatic end
Dwell animal；Interval with described B in described C district, it is raw that described C district and described D district critical part arrange porous
State wall 18；
As it is shown in figure 9, in one embodiment, the riverbed in C district is planted multiple submerged plant and endures
Water plant 44, wherein, submerged plant is black algae 40, Bi Chi Herba potamogetonis distincti 41, hornwort 42 and watermifoil
43 the most spaced apart plantations；And arranging artificial aquatic weed in the lower section of stereo ecological platform, artificial aquatic weed is
Connected many ecological grass biomembranes 23 by rope 24 to be formed.
Porous ecological brick is to form with clay, shale, gangue, flyash for primary raw material is fired,
Being mainly used in the brick of weight bearing area, external form is right angle hexahedron, and technological process is: determine masoning method →
Mixing mortar → profit brick → select brick and row's brick → masonry panel.The upper and lower fissure of displacement of masonry, inside and outside take block, use
One builds form along a fourth, Flos Mume fourth or three along a header.
As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, after the purified treatment at two ends, C district, in river course, Water quality is basic
Reach water plant and zoic needs, therefore multiple stereo ecological platform has been set in C district
38, and suitably plant planting submerged plant and floatingleaved plant.Wherein, submerged plant can absorb water neutralization in a large number
The nutrient substance such as nitrogen in substrate, phosphorus, feedwater height effect oxygen, reduce water body recovery technology concentration, press down
The development of algae processed and the effect of construction lake surface view；Floating leaf flower plant 39 not only has good scape
See landscaping effect, and root system and floating leaf back can absorb the nutrient substance in water body and mud, to upper strata
Water body has certain detergence(-cy)；Stereo ecological platform is to utilize emergent aquactic plant, plant root-zone microorganism, biology
In membrane carrier the synergy of microorganism to water body Middle nutrition material and the absorption of polluter, decompose, disappear
It is turned into the purpose for realizing purification of water quality.
Wherein, described first～the 4th adjustable type check dam when running into urban waterlogging and sudden flood,
Regulating gate fully opens, and completes prevention waterlogging of drainning off floodwaters, and remaining Timing discharge is to provide metastable
Water environment, supports stablizing of Freshwater ecosystem.
In one embodiment, the length in described A district or described E district accounts for the length percentage of tidal waterway
Ratio minimum 1.5%, is 5% to the maximum；The length in described B district or described D district accounts for the length of tidal waterway
Percentage ratio minimum 15%, is 20% to the maximum；Residue section is described C district.
In one embodiment, the height of described first adjustable type check dam, leads in coastal cities nearly 10
The maximum of year tide record；The height of the second adjustable type check dam, remembers higher than coastal cities history tide
The maximum of record；The height of the 3rd adjustable type check dam, higher than the flood of wet season river course upland water
Place value；The height of described 4th adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum stage of wet season river course upland water
Value.
As in figure 2 it is shown, wherein, in an embodiment, described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described the
Two block dirty airflow fence by weight 22 phase being arranged on the float 19 of upper end, the mesh sheet 21 at middle part and lower end
Connect between formation, and described adjacent net pieces by the connection of soft contact rope 20.
So arrange so that described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described second and block dirty airflow fence with water body
The fluctuation of water level and fluctuation, effectively stop floating thing, and the most described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described
Second blocks dirty airflow fence has water flow controlling effect.
In one embodiment, the riverbed of described B district and D district artificial aeration's section is provided with atomization
Aeration tube is communicated on riverbank the inflator pump 16 being arranged in plenum chamber by pipeline 17.
In one embodiment, in described C district, flow path direction arranges one every 70-100 rice and carries along the river
Water aerator 36；It is each provided with at least one plugflow aeration machine 35 every necessarily at the two ends in described C district
Time is plug-flow aeration in the middle part of C district.
In one embodiment, be additionally provided with bottom the riverbank in the middle part of described C district allogenic water drainage tube and
External water source enters river mouth 37, when water level is too low, introduces allogenic water every day at times to the water body water distribution of C district,
The stability of the artificial aquatic ecosystem constructed by guarantee.Mend as it is shown in figure 5, a kind of external water source is emergent
Filling and put, it includes that external water source enters river pipeline 34 and the rotary valve of control discharge being disposed thereon
31, rope 32 and trapped line pressure valve 33 are reeled.
In one embodiment, the overall footprint of described stereo ecological platform is at least river course, C district
The 25～30% of water surface area.
As shown in Figure 8, in one embodiment, described stereo ecological platform upper end plantation parasol grass,
One or more in Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae and Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, lower end hangs artificial aquatic weed.
As shown in Figure 8, in one embodiment, described submerged plant is black algae 40, Bi Chi Herba potamogetonis distincti
41, one or more of hornwort 42 and watermifoil 43.
For protection water quality, improve the bio-diversity of water ecosystem, improve the life of water ecosystem
Thing chain, for river course nutrient export create conditions, in river course except improve Submerged plant communities structure,
Improve outside the function that Submerged plant communities purifies water, it is necessary to increase is of value to ecosystem water purification function and sends out
The kind waved, as put the Fish Hypophthalmichthys molitrix of filter food algae in right amount in a suitable place to breed, ingesting and consider broken close silver xenocypris to be worth doing and eat the crow of small fish
Murrels etc., to control the generation of " blue-green alga bloom ".Forbid to put herbivorous fishes such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. in a suitable place to breed.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Before first, before heavy pond or second, heavy pond is set to slow down the flow velocity of water body, makes the silt carried in water body
Etc. settling down, improve the clarity of water body, and block dirty airflow fence or second by first and block dirty water conservancy diversion
Floating thing is intercepted by grid, and the streamflow to flowing through tidal city carries out preliminary purification filtration；
Second and the 3rd adjustable type check dam not only act as water level in maintenance, regulation and control B district, C district and D district
Effect, and pour in down a chimney into river course reparation when can effectively stop upstream high pollution river and high tide
District, the environmental condition needed for the Freshwater ecosystem maintenance that protection builds is not by strong disturbance and destruction.
Artificial aeration's section is that dissolved oxygen amount in river water is increased by the means by aerator forced aeration,
Provide oxygen to the antibacterial being arranged on the artificial aquatic weed of two artificial aeration zone sections, form biology smoothly
Film, carries out conversion and decomposes ammonia nitrogen in water body and small organic molecule, and the final group that pollutes just is decomposed
Change into the N of effusion water body2、CO2And H2O。
In a word, the inventive method is to combine ecological method by coastal cities tidal reach height by sectional
The urban life polluted and production waste carry out purified treatment, the most effectively reduce city rivers pollution thing
It is discharged into river mouth, and largely river, beautifying city, indirectly improve city river community service
Function.
For protection water quality, improve the bio-diversity of water ecosystem, improve the life of water ecosystem
Thing chain, for river course nutrient export create conditions, in river course except improve Submerged plant communities structure,
Improve outside the function that Submerged plant communities purifies water, it is necessary to increase is of value to ecosystem water purification function and sends out
The kind waved, as put the Fish Hypophthalmichthys molitrix of filter food algae in right amount in a suitable place to breed, ingesting and consider broken close silver xenocypris to be worth doing and eat the crow of small fish
Murrels etc., to control the generation of " blue-green alga bloom ".Forbid to put herbivorous fishes such as Ctenopharyngodon idellus etc. in a suitable place to breed.
It is above tentatively being built by the inventive method the healthy ecology environment of tidal city river, keep
The permanently effective development of ecological environment also needs to carry out ecological engineering reasonable management and maintenance:
After Health-Ecosystem based on aquatic vegetation is set up, the long-acting management of ecosystem, especially
The maintenance management of aquatic vegetation particularly submerged vegetation is mostly important, has only managed aquatic vegetation, ability
The structure making ecosystem is more reasonable, and function more effectively plays.
Management content mainly has following aspects:
1. aquatic vegetation management
1. the structure of community of submerged plant is regulated and controled, it is ensured that Submerged plant communities structure with warm-season plant is
Main, it is auxiliary with cold season plant；
2. distribution and the coverage of aquatic vegetation are regulated and controled so that it is meet and maintain healthy water ecosystem
The demand of balance；
3. remove in time and affect the thread algae etc. of submerged plant growth；
Remove submerged plant and the deadwood and rotten leaf of littoral floatingleaved plant in lake the most in time, prevent secondary dirty
Dye, exports N, P nutrient substance simultaneously, reduces water nutrition load；
2. the management of aquatic animal
1. according to the Population fluctuation situation of aquatic animal, by fish for or put in a suitable place to breed multiplication regulatory its
Population fluctuation；
2. must pay close attention to predacious fish and eat the Population fluctuation of chip Fish, in any situation
Under all must ensure that they have enough population quantities and multiformity；
The most preferably delimiting the fishing public place of entertainment that waters is closed, mustn't go fishing with external water area in this region；
4. must assure that bed mud top layer is in aerobic state.
3. aerator and biomembrane management
1. make regular check on artificial bio-membrane's membrane carrier, should repair if any damaging in time or change；
2. according to biofilm development situation, aging biomembrane is peeled off with manually stirring support methods gently.
3. make regular check on aerator and aeration tube, should repair if any damaging in time or change；
4. water lift aerator should be opened by day with submersible plugflow aeration machine, and close in the evening, if running into prominent
During condition of oestrusing such as heavy rain weather, need to close in time each aerator；
4. water body environment management
1. forbid to throw to water body lose rubbish, leftover and void excreta；
Remove the water surface and water-bed dry branches and fallen leaves, plastic and various rubbish the most in time；
Remove algae, water silk floss, bristle algae etc. the most in time.
Although embodiment of the present invention are disclosed as above, but it is not restricted to description and embodiment party
Listed utilization in formula, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for being familiar with ability
For the personnel in territory, be easily achieved other amendment, therefore without departing substantially from claim and etc. homotype
Enclosing under limited general concept, the present invention is not limited to specific details and shown here embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. tidal waterway, coastal cities multistage composite intensified purification method, the method that it is characterized in that utilizing river course subregion, the river making high-pollution load enters repair system step by step, form the water quality complex repairation system that suspended substance sedimentation-organic matter removal-nitrogen and phosphorus load is cut down, mainly comprise the steps that
Step one, carries out region division by tidal waterway, described coastal cities, is in turn divided into A district, B district, C district, D district and E district from its estuary to upstream；
Step 2, arranges the first adjustable type check dam between described A district and downstream tidal reach, and described A district and B interval arrange the second adjustable type check dam；E district and D interval arrange the 3rd adjustable type check dam, arrange the 4th adjustable type check dam between E district and upper river；
Step 3, arranges first in described A district at the second adjustable type check dam and blocks dirty airflow fence, arrange second and block dirty airflow fence in described E district at the 3rd adjustable type check dam；
Step 4, forms before first heavy pond before heavy pond, and described first in described A district and is arranged on described first adjustable type check dam and described first and blocks between dirty airflow fence；Form before second heavy pond before heavy pond, and described second in E district to be arranged on described 4th adjustable type check dam and described second and block between dirty airflow fence；；
Step 5, forms strengthened purification pond in described B district and D district, arranges multiple artificial aquatic weed section and multiple artificial aeration's section in each strengthened purification pond；Described artificial aquatic weed section and artificial aeration's section are mainly used in reducing the content of organics in water body, the Organic substance in river in the strengthening described B district of removal and D district；
Step 6, plants multiple submerged plant and emergent aquactic plant on the riverbed in described C district；Its water surface arranges stereo ecological platform plantation happiness water class plant；Release in described C district multiple Fish and Benthic Aquatic；Interval with B in described C district, described C district and D interval critical part arrange porous Ecological Wall；
Wherein, described first～the 4th adjustable type check dam when running into urban waterlogging and sudden flood, regulating gate fully opens, and completes prevention waterlogging of drainning off floodwaters, and remaining Timing discharge, to provide metastable water environment, supports the stablizing of Freshwater ecosystem.
2. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 1 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that the length in described A district or described E district accounts for the length percent minimum 1.5% of tidal waterway, is 5% to the maximum；The length in described B district or described D district accounts for the length percent minimum 15% of tidal waterway, is 20% to the maximum；Residue section is described C district.
3. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 2 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that the height of described first adjustable type check dam, leads to the maximum of nearly 10 years tide records in coastal cities；The height of the second adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum of coastal cities history tide record；The height of the 3rd adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum stage value of wet season river course upland water；The height of described 4th adjustable type check dam, higher than the maximum stage value of wet season river course upland water.
4. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 3 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterized in that, described first blocks dirty airflow fence or described second blocks dirty airflow fence and is interconnected to form by the weight being arranged on the float of upper end, the mesh sheet at middle part and lower end, and connected by soft contact rope between described adjacent net pieces, promote that particulate matter settles by impact local hydrodynamic condition.
5. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 1 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that be provided with atomization aeration tube on the riverbed of described B district and D district artificial aeration's section by the inflator pump being arranged in plenum chamber on pipeline communication to riverbank.
6. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 5 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that flow path direction arranges a water lift aerator every 70-100 rice along the river in described C district；At least one plugflow aeration machine plug-flow aeration in the middle part of C district at regular intervals it is each provided with at the two ends in described C district.
7. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 6 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterized in that, it is additionally provided with allogenic water drainage tube bottom riverbank in the middle part of described C district, when water level is too low, introduce allogenic water every day at times to the water body water distribution of C district, the stability of the artificial aquatic ecosystem constructed by guarantee.
8. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 6 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that the overall footprint of described stereo ecological platform is at least the 25～30% of C district river course water surface area.
9. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 6 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that one or more in described stereo ecological platform upper end plantation parasol grass, Rhizoma Acori Graminei, Herba Typhae, Herba Lythri Salicariae and Rhizoma Iridis Tectori, lower end hangs artificial aquatic weed.
10. tidal waterway, coastal cities as claimed in claim 6 multistage composite intensified purification method, it is characterised in that described submerged plant is one or more of black algae, Bi Chi Herba potamogetonis distincti, hornwort and watermifoil.
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| CN111794176B (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2022-05-03 | 金陵科技学院 | Self-purification type ecological layout of artificial lake constant water level slope and construction method thereof |
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