CN104914158B - A kind of high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system for carbon fibre composite damage check - Google Patents
A kind of high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system for carbon fibre composite damage check Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system for carbon fibre composite damage check, it is characterized in that, it includes host computer, displacement platform, eddy current probe, analogy signal processing unit and digital signal processing unit, wherein, analogy signal processing unit includes high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, power amplifier, signal conditioning circuit, automatic balancing circuit and orthogonal lock-in-amplifier device, and digital signal processing unit includes ARM microcontroller, analog-digital converter, SD card storage and USB transmission interface.The present invention high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system can be to carbon fibre composite damage detected in real time, whole detecting system is operated in high frequency, up to 10MHz, its detection sensitivity is high, damage reason location can be carried out to the microlesion in carbon fibre composite, whole detecting system degree of integration is high, small volume.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of detecting system for being used to detect carbon fibre composite damage, more particularly to one kind is based on height
The system that frequency electromagnetic eddy is detected to carbon fibre composite damage, belong to the field of non destructive testing of composite.
Background technology
Carbon fibre composite has that specific strength is high, specific modulus is big, resist chemical, resistance to as a kind of high-performance fiber
Radiation, endurance, high temperature resistant, creep resistant, conduction, heat transfer and a series of excellent performances such as thermal coefficient of expansion is small, therefore quilt
Military and civilian industry every field is widely used in, especially in aerospace field.But in many fields to structure
Security have very high requirement, very serious especially is required to safety of structure in Aero-Space, therefore to carbon fiber composite
The damage check of material just seems especially important.
In the damage check field of carbon fibre composite, most widely used lossless detection method have eddy current detection,
Ultrasound detection, scanning acoustic microscope, X-ray detection and thermal imaging method etc..Eddy current detection is as a kind of common lossless inspection
Survey method, because untouchable during its detection, any influence will not be produced on structure and is used widely, it is based primarily upon
Electromagnetic induction principle is detected, and the distribution of vortex field can be influenceed when there is damage in conductor, and can is examined around this principle
The damage in conductor is measured, detection Detection results of the eddy current detection technology for conductor are fine, but eddy current detection method
It may also be used for detecting composite.It can be realized in carbon fibre composite such as fiber using eddy current detection technology
The detection of fracture, machine direction etc., can equally utilize current vortex during the machine-shaping of carbon fibre composite
It is detected.Small impact energy is can also detect that using eddy current detection technology（0.5J）The structural damage brought, and
And its Detection results is better than some other detection methods such as ultrasound, the effect of infrared thermography.
The external eddy current detection technology to carbon fibre composite has been carried out largely studying, and successfully utilized
The damage common to carbon fibre composite of eddy current detection technology such as fibrous fracture, layering etc. are detected, and are studied
It was found that Detection results are more preferable in high frequency, the inside of carbon fibre composite can be observed trickleer.Moreover,
External relevant unit further developed high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system, its detect frequency can to tens MHz even MHz up to a hundred,
It has been successfully applied in the damage check of carbon fibre composite, at home, for the high-frequency electromagnetic whirlpool of carbon fibre composite
Stream detection research is less, and detecting system working frequency is general all than relatively low, therefore, carries out the high-frequency electromagnetic of carbon fibre composite
The development of EDDY CURRENT is necessary.
The content of the invention
Technical problem
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of high-frequency electromagnetic for carbon fibre composite damage check
Eddy detection system, detected for the damage to carbon fibre composite, it detects frequency height, can be compound to carbon fiber
Small damage is detected in material.
Technical scheme
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the high-frequency electromagnetic whirlpool for carbon fibre composite damage check of the invention
Stream detecting system includes host computer, displacement platform, eddy current probe, analogy signal processing unit and digital signal processing unit, its
In, analogy signal processing unit includes high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, power amplifier, signal conditioning circuit, autobalance electricity
Road and orthogonal lock-in-amplifier device, digital signal processing unit include ARM microcontroller, analog-digital converter, SD card storage and USB and passed
Defeated interface, wherein,
Described host computer is connected with displacement platform by serial ports, and host computer sends instruction command displacement to displacement platform and put down
The motion of platform.
Described eddy current probe is made up of excitation coil and receiving coil.
In described high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, ARM microcontroller control direct digital synthesizers chip（DDS chips）To
It writes corresponding frequency control word and phase control words produce the sinusoidal signal of assigned frequency and phase；DDS chip highests can
200MHz sinusoidal signal is produced, the present invention produces two-way sinusoidal quadrature signals using DDS chips, all the way after power amplification
For providing pumping signal to excitation coil, then it is supplied to lock-in amplifier to carry out small-signal as reference signal all the way in addition
Detection.
Described power amplifier carries out power amplification to high frequency sinusoidal signal caused by high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, puts
High frequency sinusoidal signal input stimulus coil after big；Excitation coil is in high frequency sinusoidal signal caused by high frequency sinusoidal signal generator
Excitation under produce current vortex in sample to be tested, the change of receiving coil induced voltage or impedance reflects in tested sample
The position of damage；Signal code caused by DDS chips only has 10mA, and excitation coil can not be driven to produce electric whirlpool in tested sample
Stream by power amplifier, it is necessary to carry out power amplification.
Described signal conditioning circuit the output signal of receiving coil is filtered with preposition amplification, then input orthogonal
Lock-in amplifier processing；The signal of receiving coil output two-way after programming amplifying and caused by signal generating circuit is orthogonal just
String signal is sent into phase-sensitive detector jointly, then obtains amplitude and phase information after filtering out high-frequency signal by low pass filter；Connect
The signal of take-up circle contain some low-frequency noise signals and signal amplitude very little, it is necessary to it is filtered remove and amplify after could to lock
The processing of phase amplifier.
Described orthogonal lock-in-amplifier device is used to carry out phase sensitive detection to the output signal of receiving coil, from receiving coil
The amplitude and phase information of faint damage signal are extracted in output signal, and the signal of extraction is handled through AD conversion unit
After input ARM microcontroller.
Described automatic balancing circuit is used to carry out automatic zero set to system；Before system normally detect, receive
Coil output is not 0, is a fixed signal, and is much larger than damage signal, if not suppressed, can influence sentencing for damage signal
It is disconnected；So detecting system output is returned to zero by automatic balancing circuit, shadow of the unbalanced signal to testing result can be avoided
Ring, automatic balancing circuit carries out phase by two-way orthogonal signalling caused by binary channels DA conversion chips and sinusoidal signal generation circuit
Multiply and synthesize that amplitude is equal after being added and the signal of opposite in phase offsets unbalanced signal.
Described ARM microcontroller is communicated with host computer and data transfer, and controls direct digital synthesizers chip
Produce the data storage of high frequency sinusoidal signal, control digital-to-analogue conversion and SD card.
Output signal progress data of the described analog-digital converter to lock-in amplifier in the presence of ARM microcontroller are adopted
The signal collected is stored and transmitted again by collection, ARM microcontroller.
Described SD card is connected with ARM microcontroller, by the processing of AD conversion unit under the control of ARM microcontroller
Result data is stored, and facilitates follow-up data to handle.
The data that described ARM microcontroller is instructed and collected by USB transmission interface and host computer, transmission.
Described displacement platform is connected with host computer by serial ports RS232, and host computer sends instruction control to displacement platform
The motion of displacement platform.
In technical scheme, whole system is made up of host computer and slave computer, and host computer uses graphic programming
Language LabVIEW enters writing for line program, the motion of one side command displacement platform, on the other hand communicated with slave computer with
And the transmission of data, while the result of detection is shown in real time；Slave computer uses ARM microcontroller to be controlled as core
Unit, carry out detecting the adjustment of frequency and the collection and storage and transmission of data after the instruction of host computer is received.
Beneficial effect
The present invention high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system can be to carbon fibre composite damage detected in real time, it is whole
Individual detecting system is operated in high frequency, up to 10MHz, and its detection sensitivity is high, can be to the small damage in carbon fibre composite
Wound carries out damage reason location, and whole detecting system degree of integration is high, small volume.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the high frequency sinusoidal signal generator electrical connection diagram of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the electrical connection diagram of the automatic balancing circuit of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the electrical connection diagram of the programmable amplifier of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the electrical connection diagram of the lock-in amplifier of one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in figure 1, the high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system bag for carbon fibre composite damage check of this example
Include host computer 101, ARM microcontroller 102, high frequency sinusoidal signal generator 103, signal amplification circuit 104, power amplifier
105th, displacement platform 106, sample to be tested 107, automatic balancing circuit 108, excitation coil and receiving coil 109, filtering and it is program control
Amplifier 110, binary channels DAC module 111, lock-in amplifier 112 and analog-to-digital conversion ADC 113.
Described host computer 101 is write using graphical programming language LabVIEW, on the one hand with displacement platform 106
By serial communication, so as to which command displacement platform moves, on the other hand sent to ARM microcontroller 102 before instructing control detection
The setting of the parameters such as autobalance, collection beginning and end, driving frequency setting and the programming amplifying multiple of system, also simultaneously
The graphical data of collection is subjected to real-time display；The described one side of ARM microcontroller 102 and host computer pass through USB port
Communicated and the transmission of data, data are stored in SD card, on the other hand passed through GPIO general serials mouth and control analog-to-digital conversion
The beginning and end of ADC 113, while high frequency sinusoidal is produced by SPI1 Interface Controller high frequency sinusoidal signals generator and encouraged
Signal, driving source is provided to excitation coil, while autobalance electricity is controlled by SPI2 Interface Controller binary channels DAC module 111
The work on road 108, allow system to reach poised state before detecting system work, export as 0；Signal amplification circuit 104 is defeated to DDS
Go out the amplitude that sinusoidal signal is amplified 5V；Power amplifier 105 carries out power amplification to the sinusoidal signal after amplification；Filtering
And programmable amplifying circuit 110 filters out some low-frequency noise signals to the output signal of receiving coil, while to the micro- of receiving coil
Weak output signal carries out programming amplifying and gives lock-in amplifier 112, and analog-to-digital conversion ADC 113 exports to lock-in amplifier to be believed
Number it is acquired and gives ARM microcontroller.
Described ARM microcontroller 102 uses STM32F407VG chips, and it has 100 pins, and working frequency is reachable
168MHz。
Described high frequency sinusoidal signal generator 103 is produced using DDS chips AD9958, between ARM microcontroller 102
It is attached by serial peripheral equipment interface SPI 1, its electrical connection diagram is as shown in Fig. 2 AD9958 can produce two-way orthogonal sinusoidal letter
Number, corresponding frequency control word and phase control words are write by program and can be achieved, in 25MHz crystal oscillators source, internal frequency multiplication 20
The maximum sinusoidal signal output that can produce 200MHz in the case of times, DDS output signals are both-end difference output, must be through differential electrical
Road is converted to and filters out high-frequency noise through low pass filter after Single-end output, and low pass filter is using 7 rank elliptic filters.
Described signal amplification circuit 104 uses AD8130 chips, and DDS output signal amplitudes only have 1V, using AD8130
DDS output signal amplitudes are amplified to 5V by chip.
Described power amplifier 105 is realized using chip LM6321, is exported caused by high frequency sinusoidal signal generator
Its electric current about in 10mA or so, can not drive excitation coil to produce current vortex in sample to be tested, it is necessary to by power amplification,
LM6321 chips are power amplifier chip of a bandwidth up to 50MHz, the reachable ± 300mA of its peak value output circuit.
Described automatic balancing circuit 108 before system detectio as shown in figure 3, for so that reach poised state, i.e. system
Export as 0.DAC8563 is two-way DA conversion chips, and two-way caused by two-way output and high frequency sinusoidal signal generator is orthogonal just
String signal connects through adder chip AD9361 progress add operation synthesis again after carrying out multiplying by multiplier chip AD834
The unbalanced signal of take-up circle output, the unbalanced signal that adder output signal and receiving coil export is subjected to calculus of differences
After give lock-in amplifier, ARM microcontroller control DAC conversion is until lock-in amplifier is exported close to 0, it was demonstrated that system is
Through balance, balance terminates.
As shown in figure 4, described programmable amplifier 110 uses AD603 chips, receiving coil output signal is very faint, palpus
Lock-in amplifier is sent into after amplification and carries out analog-to-digital conversion again.AD603 chips are 0-40dB Time Bandwidths in gain-adjusted scope
Up to 30MHz, the size of gain is determined by GP and GN pin level differences, DAC output pins inside GP pins and ARM microcontroller
It is connected, gain size is controlled by ARM microcontroller.
Described lock-in amplifier 112 is as shown in figure 5, include phase-sensitive detector 601, and third-order low-pass filter 602；
Phase-sensitive detector is completed using AD834 multiplier chips, and its bandwidth range is 0-500MHz, using two panels AD834 chips, is divided
Two-way orthogonal signalling caused by programmable amplifier output signal and high frequency sinusoidal signal generator multiplying is not subjected to；Phase sensitivity
Geophone output signal contains direct current and frequency-doubled signal, and three ranks for being 50Hz by the cut-off frequency being made up of AD8032 chips are low
Bandpass filter filters out only remaining direct current signal after radio-frequency component, and two-way direct current signal contains the amplitude and phase information of damage.
Described digital-to-analogue conversion ADC 113 is realized that AD7606 can realize the number of 8 passages by AD conversion chip AD7606
Mould is changed, and lock-in amplifier output signal is acquired under the control of ARM microcontroller.
Before the high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system of the present embodiment is started working, host computer sends adjustment parameter instruction first,
The multiplication factor of main output frequency and programmable amplifier including high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, is provided with rear host computer
Balancing instructions are sent, ARM microcontroller receives the result of reading digital-to-analogue conversion after balancing instructions, recovers host computer if balance
System has balanced, if lack of equilibrium, control automatic balancing circuit performs equilibrium process, until replying host computer after system balancing；
Host computer starts the motion of command displacement platform after system balancing, and sample to be tested is placed on displacement platform, with displacement platform
Move and move, probe placement produces current vortex above sample to be tested in sample to be tested, is damaged when existing in sample to be tested
When can influence the distribution of current vortex, be reflected on receiving coil be exactly receiving coil signal amplitude and phase information change, no
Same size, different depth and it is various forms of damage the amplitude that reflects and phase information is also different, so as to up to
To the purpose of detection damage.Displacement platform is often transported to move a step sends acquisition instructions to ARM microcontroller, and ARM microcontroller is connecing
D/A converter module is controlled to carry out data acquisition and data are transferred into host computer by USB interface to enter after receiving acquisition instructions
Row processing in real time and display, and the data collected are saved in SD card and conveniently checked in the future.After the completion of detection, host computer
END instruction is sent, whole system is stopped.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of high-frequency electromagnetic eddy detection system for carbon fibre composite damage check, it is characterised in that it includes
Host computer, displacement platform, eddy current probe, analogy signal processing unit and digital signal processing unit, wherein, analog signal processing
Unit includes high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, power amplifier, signal conditioning circuit, automatic balancing circuit and orthogonal lock-in-amplifier
Device, digital signal processing unit include ARM microcontroller, analog-digital converter, SD card storage and USB transmission interface, wherein,
Described host computer is connected with displacement platform by serial ports, and host computer sends instruction command displacement platform to displacement platform
Motion；
Described eddy current probe is made up of excitation coil and receiving coil；
Described high frequency sinusoidal signal generator is realized based on direct digital synthesizers chip, in digital signal processing unit
ARM microcontroller control direct digital synthesizers chip is written to corresponding frequency control word and phase control words produce and specify frequency
The sinusoidal signal of rate and phase；
Described power amplifier carries out power amplification to high frequency sinusoidal signal caused by high frequency sinusoidal signal generator, after amplification
High frequency sinusoidal signal input stimulus coil；Excitation coil produces electric whirlpool under the excitation of high frequency sinusoidal signal in sample to be tested
Stream, receiving coil induced voltage or impedance change to reflect the position damaged in tested sample；
Described signal conditioning circuit is filtered and preposition amplification, filtering and programming amplifying electricity to the output signal of receiving coil
Road filters out low-frequency noise signal to the output signal of receiving coil, while carries out program control put to the faint output signal of receiving coil
Lock-in amplifier is given greatly, then inputs the processing of orthogonal lock-in-amplifier device；
Described orthogonal lock-in-amplifier device is used to carry out phase sensitive detection to the output signal of receiving coil, from the output of receiving coil
Extract the amplitude and phase information of faint damage signal in signal, and by the signal of extraction after AD conversion unit is handled it is defeated
Enter ARM microcontroller；
Described automatic balancing circuit is used to carry out automatic zero set to system, and automatic balancing circuit passes through binary channels DA conversion chips
With sinusoidal signal generation circuit caused by two-way orthogonal signalling be multiplied and to synthesize that amplitude is equal after addition and the letter of opposite in phase
Number offset unbalanced signal；
Described ARM microcontroller is communicated with host computer and data transfer, and controls direct digital synthesizers chip to produce
The data storage of high frequency sinusoidal signal, control digital-to-analogue conversion and SD card；
Described analog-digital converter carries out data to the output signal for locking phase amplifying circuit in the presence of ARM microcontroller and adopted
The signal collected is stored and transmitted again by collection, ARM microcontroller；
Described SD card is connected with ARM microcontroller, by the result of AD conversion unit under the control of ARM microcontroller
Data are stored, and facilitate follow-up data to handle；
The data that described ARM microcontroller is instructed and collected by USB transmission interface and host computer, transmission.
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| CN106546657B (en) * | 2016-10-11 | 2019-10-25 | 南京航空航天大学 | It is a kind of for detecting the eddy current probe annular array method in carbon fibre composite laying direction |
| CN107819481A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-20 | 安徽工程大学 | A kind of microwave signal R-T unit being used in microwave communication |
| CN110514735A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2019-11-29 | 厦门大学 | A kind of eddy detection system of carbon fibre reinforced composite wrinkle defect |
| CN111351845A (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2020-06-30 | 南京理工大学 | Intelligent detection device based on pulse eddy current |
| CN112629728A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-09 | 湖南航天天麓新材料检测有限责任公司智能检测装备分公司 | Aluminum alloy residual stress testing device and method based on eddy current |
| CN113418984A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-09-21 | 重庆大学 | Become oar bearing high strength steel crack detecting system |
| CN114812915B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-10-18 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心低速空气动力研究所 | Pressure scanning valve circuit |
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