CN104914042A - Fretting wear testing machine in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment - Google Patents
Fretting wear testing machine in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104914042A CN104914042A CN201510394910.7A CN201510394910A CN104914042A CN 104914042 A CN104914042 A CN 104914042A CN 201510394910 A CN201510394910 A CN 201510394910A CN 104914042 A CN104914042 A CN 104914042A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fretting wear testing machine in a high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment, wherein two workpieces for testing are clamped by arranging fixtures and placed in an autoclave which is positioned in the high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment by a high temperature and high pressure water circulating system, vibration excitation effect is applied to the testing workpieces in the autoclave by a loading device, and thereby the fretting wear test in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment can be performed. The testing machine can simulate infinitesimal displacement amplitude and high vibration frequency fretting wear test under the primary and secondary loop temperature, pressure and hydrochemistry condition of nuclear power plant; the testing machine can perform slip wear test or impact wear test, and the friction coefficient and the wear coefficient between the friction pair can be obtained by measurement; the components of the testing machine are reasonably distributed, thus ensuring that the load and displacement loading of the testing machine is effective and reliable; the load control and measurement accuracy is high, and the friction force between the friction pair can be quantificationally obtained.
Description
Technical field
the present invention relates to a kind of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient fretting apparatus.
Background technology
often occur in engineering reality vibrating the component wear Problem of Failure caused, the structural member that especially in nuclear power plant system, some structural member is adjacent under Flow vibration effect collides, and then produces the rubbing wear problem of micro-displacement amplitude.Wherein, the relative motion modes between friction pair can be slippage and impact, and the way of contact between friction pair can be point, line, surface contacts, measures and needs to obtain the friction factor between friction pair and the coefficient of waste.Current experimental study is comparatively difficult, friction factor, the coefficient of waste are difficult to measure, mainly all there is technical barrier due to wear test jig Design in the testing machine of fretting wear test under high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient and autoclave in this, the test that existing testing machine all can not be applicable to simulate nuclear power station one, secondary circuit temperature, pressure, water chemistry condition carry out micro-displacement amplitude, higher vibration frequency micro-moving frictional wear.
Summary of the invention
the object of the invention is the technical barrier in order to solve prior art, a kind of testing machine of simulating high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient fretting wear is provided.
for achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient fretting apparatus, and test for the fretting wear under high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient between the first workpiece and second workpiece, described testing machine comprises:
frame;
autoclave, comprises kettle and kettle cover, and described kettle can match with described kettle cover and form an airtight environmental chamber, and at least one parts in described kettle and kettle cover are liftably located in described frame;
fixture, described fixture is located in described environmental chamber, described fixture at least comprises the fixture mount for being fixedly connected with described kettle cover, for clamping the first clamp assemblies of described first workpiece, for clamping the second clamp assemblies of described second workpiece, described first workpiece contacts in the horizontal direction with described second workpiece, described first clamp assemblies at least comprises a upper clamp body that can move up and down, described first workpiece is fixedly mounted on described upper clamp body, described fixture also comprises for providing described first workpiece and described second workpiece holding down assembly along horizontal left and right directions snap-in force,
charger, comprise can be located to relatively described kettle cover oscilaltion in described frame and be positioned at the actuator above described autoclave, balancing shaft that coupling shaft that the displacement transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator upper end, the load transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator lower end, upper end are connected to described load transducer, lower end are fixedly connected through described kettle cover and with described upper clamp body, the upper end of described balancing shaft and the lower end of described coupling shaft are fixedly connected;
described testing machine also comprises for providing the described environmental chamber of described autoclave with the high temperature high pressure water circulation system of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient, for monitoring the monitoring and control recording system with the environmental Kuznets Curves state of the stress state and described high temperature high pressure water circulation system that record described charger.
preferably, described kettle comprise there is inner chamber metal body, be located at described metal body upper end for the kettle flange be connected with described kettle cover, the heating jacket that is wrapped in perimembranous outside described metal body and described kettle flange regularly.
further, inside described metal body upper end, perimembranous has the concave station to lower recess, the lower end of described kettle cover has protrudes downwards and the boss that can match with described concave station, described autoclave also comprises the O-ring seal be located between described kettle and described kettle cover, when described kettle cover matches with described kettle, described boss matches with described concave station, and described O-ring seal is pressed between described boss and described concave station regularly.
preferably, described actuator is electromagnetic exciting actuator, institute's displacement sensors, described load transducer are all positioned at the center position of described actuator at the two ends up and down of described actuator, and the upper end of described coupling shaft is fixedly connected by universal joint and described load transducer.
preferably, described frame comprises lower bearing bracket body for installing described autoclave, for installing the upper spider body of described charger,
described lower bearing bracket body comprise lower support plate that relative ground is fixedly installed, for fixedly mount support plate in described kettle cover, for be connected with described upper spider body upper bearing plate, to be located between described lower support plate and described middle support plate and the many support posts vertically extended, to be located between described upper bearing plate and described middle support plate and the many supporting upright posts vertically extended and adjusting post regularly regularly, described kettle is liftably on a described support post located therein;
two guide upright posts that described upper spider body comprises the sill be fixed on described upper bearing plate, lower end is fixed on described sill two ends, be located at regularly two described guide upright post tops entablature, be located at middle cross beam between two described guide upright posts to oscilaltion, described actuator is fixedly mounted on described middle cross beam, is also provided with the locking mechanism for both being locked between described guide upright post and described middle cross beam.
preferably, described balancing shaft is the pressure self-balancing tensile axis that can realize applied extension force self-equilibrating in described autoclave, and described pressure self-balancing tensile axis is connected with described kettle cover motive seal and arranges.
preferably, described first clamp assemblies at least also comprises one can be located at the first block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second clamp assemblies at least comprises one can be located at the second block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second workpiece is located at the side of described second block regularly and is contacted with described first workpiece, described first block and described first workpiece lay respectively at the different both sides of described upper clamp body, described first block to be kept out on described on clamp body in the horizontal direction, described holding down assembly is located between described first block and described second block.
further, described holding down assembly comprises the adjusting screw(rod) can be located at rotatably around Pivot Point Center line on described first block, be threaded mutually with described adjusting screw(rod) and can be located to relative described adjusting screw(rod) side-to-side movement the Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw on described adjusting screw(rod), the spring stop be fixedly connected with described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw, extend in left-right direction and the studdle can be located at moving in left-right direction on described second block, the end of described studdle can be kept out on described spring stop or on described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw in the horizontal direction, described hold down assembly also comprise in left-right direction extend and one end is located at the spring lever on described second block regularly, the other end of described spring lever is provided with locating part, the flexible member for providing along described spring lever axial pressing force is also provided with between described locating part and described spring stop.
further, described spring stop offers the guide through hole that can pass axially through for described spring lever, described locating part is located at described spring lever and is passed on the described other end of described guide through hole vertically, described flexible member is be set in the spring on described spring lever, the two ends of described spring are kept out respectively on described locating part and described spring stop, described fixture mount is fixedly provided with limited block, described limited block is positioned at the phase heterodoxy of described spring lever with described second block in described fixture mount, described limited block offers limiting through hole, described spring lever passes axially through described limiting through hole, described locating part is positioned at outside described limiting through hole.
further, described fixture also comprises the lower clamp body be located at regularly in described fixture mount, guiding and spacing the first limit assembly when the two ends, left and right of described lower clamp body are fixedly provided with respectively for providing described first block to move in left-right direction, for providing described second block to move in left-right direction time lead and the second spacing limit assembly
described first limit assembly comprises vertically extend two first height blocks, extends and be fixed on the first fixation clip of the upper end of the first height block described in two along the longitudinal direction, described in two, the first height block lays respectively at the both sides, front and back of described first block, the first guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described first fixation clip and two described first height blocks, described first block has the first stopper, and described first stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described first guide channel;
described second limit assembly comprises vertically extend two second height blocks, extends and be fixed on the second fixation clip of the second height block upper end described in two along the longitudinal direction, two described second height blocks lay respectively at the both sides, front and back of described second block, the second guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described second fixation clip and two described second height blocks, described second block has the second stopper, and described second stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described second guide channel.
further, described first workpiece is sheet material, described second workpiece is tubing, form point, line or face and contact, and the position of the Contact of described sheet material and described tubing is positioned on the central axis of described coupling shaft and described balancing shaft between described sheet material with described tubing.
due to the utilization of technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: high-temperature high pressure water of the present invention or steam ambient fretting wear test testing machine, two workpiece of clamp assay are wherein carried out by arranging fixture, and be placed in autoclave, make in autoclave, to be in high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient by high temperature high pressure water circulation system, and by charger, exciting effect is applied to the test piece in autoclave, thus high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient fretting wear test can be carried out.This testing machine carries out micro-displacement amplitude, the test of higher vibration frequency micro-moving frictional wear under can simulating nuclear power station one, secondary circuit temperature, pressure and water chemistry condition; This testing machine can carry out slippage wear test or impact wear test, and the way of contact between friction pair can be point, line, surface contacts, measures the friction factor and the coefficient of waste that can obtain between friction pair; The rational deployment of each parts of testing machine, ensure that the load of this testing machine and displacement load effective, reliable; The control and measurement precision of load is high, can obtain the friction force between friction pair quantitatively.
Accompanying drawing explanation
accompanying drawing 1 is the front view of testing machine of the present invention;
accompanying drawing 2 is the stereographic map of testing machine of the present invention;
accompanying drawing 3 is the frame diagram of testing machine of the present invention;
accompanying drawing 4 is the front view of autoclave on testing machine of the present invention;
accompanying drawing 5 is along A-A in accompanying drawing 4 to sectional structure schematic diagram;
accompanying drawing 6 is the schematic perspective view that fixture is connected with autoclave kettle cover;
accompanying drawing 7 is force-bearing situation schematic diagram when the first workpiece contacts after being clamped with second workpiece on fixture;
accompanying drawing 8 is the perspective view one of fixture on testing machine;
accompanying drawing 9 is that the master of fixture looks perspective structure schematic diagram;
accompanying drawing 10 is the perspective view two of fixture;
accompanying drawing 11 is the perspective view three of fixture;
accompanying drawing 12 is the structural representation of upper clamp body in fixture;
accompanying drawing 13 is the structural representation of the first block on fixture;
accompanying drawing 14 is the structural representation of the second block on fixture;
wherein:
1, upper spider body; 11, entablature; 12, guide upright post; 13, middle cross beam; 14, sill; 15, locked hand; 16, supporting base; 17, wedge piece;
2, lower carriage body; 21, lower support plate; 22, support post; 23, middle support plate; 24, supporting upright post; 25, adjusting post; 26, upper bearing plate; 27, lift drive mechanism;
3, autoclave; 31, kettle; 311, metal body; 312, kettle flange; 313, heating jacket; 32, kettle cover; 33, O-ring seal;
4, fixture; 41, fixture mount; 411, base plate; 412, column;
42, the first clamp assemblies; 421, the first block; 421a, the first stopper; 421b, notch part; 422, upper clamp body; 422a, groove; 423, rolling member;
43, the second clamp assemblies; 431, the second block; 431a, the second stopper; 431b, 431c, arc surface; 432, position adjustments block; 433, pressing plate;
44, the first limit assembly; 441, the first height block; 442, the first fixation clip; 445, lower clamp body;
45, the second limit assembly; 451, the second height block; 452, the second fixation clip;
46, hold down assembly; 461, adjusting screw(rod); 462, Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw; 463, spring stop; 464, the first regulating element; 465, studdle; 466, the second regulating element; 467, spring lever; 468, flexible member; 469, locating part; 4610, limited block;
5, charger; 51, actuator; 52, displacement transducer; 53, load transducer; 54, universal joint; 55, coupling shaft; 56, balancing shaft;
6, the first workpiece (sheet material); 7, second workpiece (tubing).
Embodiment
below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment, technical scheme of the present invention is further elaborated.
see the high-temperature high pressure water shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, for the fretting wear test in high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient between two workpiece, these two workpiece are respectively the first workpiece 6 and second workpiece 7, friction pair is formed between first workpiece 6 and second workpiece 7, the geometric configuration of this friction pair and size can need to adjust according to actual tests, can be point, line or face contact between friction pair, the friction factor of friction pair in high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient and the coefficient of waste can be measured by this slippage wear test.The parts that Flow vibration wearing and tearing occur in nuclear power plant system mostly are tubing, are various with another component shape of its generation rubbing wear.In the present embodiment, test as slippage wear test, the first workpiece 6 is sheet material, and second workpiece 7 is tubing, and wherein, sheet material can be dull and stereotyped or the one-sided plate with curved surface, and the first workpiece 6 contacts as shown in Figure 7 with second workpiece 7.
this testing machine comprises:
frame;
autoclave 3, comprise kettle 31 and kettle cover 32, kettle 31 and kettle cover 32 can cooperatively interact and form an airtight environmental chamber, this environmental chamber is for holding high-temperature high pressure water or steam, have at least parts to be liftably located in frame in kettle 31 and these two parts of kettle cover 32, thus kettle cover 32 can be opened from kettle 31;
fixture 4, this fixture 4 is located in the environmental chamber of autoclave 3, this fixture 4 at least comprises the fixture mount 41 for being fixedly connected with kettle cover 32, for clamping the first clamp assemblies 42 of the first workpiece 6, for clamping the second clamp assemblies 43 of second workpiece 7, first workpiece 6 contacts in the horizontal direction with second workpiece 7, first clamp assemblies 42 at least comprises a upper clamp body 422 that can move up and down, first workpiece 6 is fixedly mounted on upper clamp body 422, this fixture 4 also comprises and holds down assembly 46 for what provide the first workpiece 6 and second workpiece 7 along horizontal left and right directions snap-in force,
charger 5, this charger 5 comprise can relatively kettle cover 32 oscilaltion be located in frame and be positioned at the actuator 51 above autoclave 3, balancing shaft 56 that coupling shaft 55 that the displacement transducer 52 being fixedly arranged on actuator 51 upper end, the load transducer 53 being fixedly arranged on actuator 51 lower end, upper end are connected to load transducer 52, lower end are fixedly connected through kettle cover 32 and with upper clamp body 422, the upper end of balancing shaft 56 and the lower end of coupling shaft 55 are fixedly connected.In the present embodiment, actuator 51 adopts electromagnetic exciting actuator, and displacement transducer 52 and load transducer 53 are all positioned at the center position of actuator 51 at the two ends up and down of actuator 51, to be respectively used to Measurement & Control amplitude and load.The upper end of coupling shaft 55 is connected with load transducer 53 by universal joint 54, is conducive to the damage protecting electromagnetic exciting actuator from extra side force like this.
this testing machine also comprises for providing the environmental chamber of autoclave 3 with the high temperature high pressure water circulation system of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient, and for monitoring the monitoring and control recording system with the environmental Kuznets Curves state of the stress state and high temperature high pressure water circulation system that record charger 5.The general principles frame diagram of this testing machine as shown in Figure 3.
in conjunction with specific embodiments, on this testing machine, Each part is specific as follows:
shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, frame comprises for the lower bearing bracket body 2 of installation high-voltage still 3, for installing the upper spider body 1 of charger 5.
lower bearing bracket body 2 comprises the lower support plate 21 that relative ground is fixedly installed, for fixedly mounting support plate 23 in kettle cover 32, for the upper bearing plate 26 be connected with upper spider body 1, to be located at regularly between lower support plate 21 and middle support plate 23 and the many support posts 22 vertically extended, to be located at regularly between upper bearing plate 26 and middle support plate 23 and the vertically many supporting upright posts 24 on edge and adjusting post 25, kettle 31 is liftably on a support post 22 located therein, be provided with between support post 22 and kettle 31 for ordering about the lift drive mechanism 27 of kettle 31 along support post 22 oscilaltion.Leave certain height between upper bearing plate 26 and middle support plate 23, thus leave space for the still operation of opening of balancing shaft 56 and autoclave 3.Many adjusting posts 25 are positioned at the inner side of many supporting upright posts 24, and these many adjusting posts 25 are mainly used in the level supporting and adjust upper bearing plate 26, and the many supporting upright posts 24 in outside play auxiliary supporting role.Lower support plate 21 is located on ground with being bolted, and is provided with rubber blanket between itself and ground, to play the effect of vibration isolation.
two guide upright posts 13 that upper spider body 1 comprises the sill 14 be fixed on upper bearing plate 26, lower end is fixed on sill 14 two ends, be located at regularly two guide upright post 13 tops entablature 11, be located at middle cross beam 13 between two guide upright posts 13 to oscilaltion, middle cross beam 13 is in the height direction between sill 14 and entablature 11.Actuator 51 is fixedly mounted on middle cross beam 13, the locking mechanism for both being locked also is provided with between guide upright post 13 and middle cross beam 13, this locking mechanism is locked hand 15 herein, after the height and position adjustment of actuator about 51, by locked hand 15, middle cross beam 13 is locked and actuator 51 position is fixed.
above-mentionedly arrange, autoclave 3 is positioned at the lower portion that each parts of lower bearing bracket body 2 enclose, and actuator 51 and coupling shaft 55, balancing shaft 65 are positioned at the lower portion that each parts of upper spider body 1 enclose.Like this can the loading of warranty test sample under the effect of electromagnetic exciting actuator in high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient fretting apparatus general frame, can warranty test machine reasonable integral structure, the record of load and displacement effectively, reliable.
shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5, kettle 31 comprise there is inner chamber metal body 311, be located at metal body 311 upper end for the kettle flange 312 be connected with kettle cover 32, the heating jacket 313 that is wrapped in perimembranous outside metal body 311 and kettle flange 312 regularly.Metal body 311, kettle flange 312 and heating jacket 313 make an entirety in appearance.Lift drive mechanism 27 is connected with heating jacket 313, is controlled the lifting of autoclave 3 by lifting heating jacket 313.The inner side perimembranous of metal body 311 upper end has the concave station to lower recess, the lower end of kettle cover 32 has protrudes downwards and the boss that can match with above-mentioned concave station, autoclave 3 also comprises the O-ring seal 33 be located between kettle 31 and kettle cover 32, when kettle cover 32 matches with kettle 31, boss on kettle cover 32 matches with the concave station on kettle 31, and O-ring seal 33 is pressed on regularly between boss and concave station and makes to form airtight environmental chamber between kettle cover 32 and kettle 31.Herein, O-ring seal 33 can adopt stainless steel profile of tooth sealing gasket, can effective sealing.
shown in Figure 6, fixture 4 is located on kettle cover 32 regularly by fixture mount 41.Fixture mount 41 comprises base plate 411, lower end is fixed on base plate 411 and at least three root posts 412 that axial line extends along the vertical direction, column 412 has four herein, this four root post 412 is located on four angles of base plate 411 respectively, the upper end of all columns 412 is all fixedly attached on the kettle cover 32 of autoclave 3, thus to be fixed to by fixture 4 on kettle cover 32 and can to insert in the environmental chamber of autoclave 3.
in the present embodiment, the concrete structure of this fixture 4 is see shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 14, in the present embodiment, first clamp assemblies 42 is for clamping sheet material 6, second clamp assemblies 43 is for clamping tubing 7, and the first clamp assemblies 42 is located at the left side of fixture mount 41, and the second clamp assemblies 43 is located at the right side of fixture mount 41, through the clamping of the first clamp assemblies 42 and the second clamp assemblies 43, sheet material 6 and tubing 7 arrange to form friction pair with contacting with each other in the horizontal direction.
see shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 14, first clamp assemblies 42 at least also comprises one can be located at the first block 421 in fixture mount 41 with moving in left-right direction, this first block 421 and the first workpiece 6 lay respectively at the different both sides of clamp body 422, and the first block 421 is kept out in the horizontal direction on upper clamp body 422.On this, the structure of clamp body 422 as shown in figure 12, sheet material 6 is located on the right side of the lower end of clamp body 422 regularly, first baffle plate 421 is positioned at the left side of clamp body 422, the right-hand member of this first block 421 is provided with rolling member 423 by axis of rotation, wherein the axial line of above-mentioned rotating shaft extends along the longitudinal direction, rolling member 423 rollably conflict in the left end face of upper clamp body 422 with formed on clamp body 422 conflict and be applied with clamp body 422 with the power on horizontal left and right directions.Shown in Figure 13, the right-hand member of the first block 421 has a breach 421b, and rolling member 423 is located at the right-hand member of the first block 421 rotationally and part is arranged in breach 421b; The left end face of upper clamp body 422 has a groove 422a, namely rolling member 423 rollably keeps out on the cell wall of this groove 422a, and groove 422a forms guiding when relatively going up clamp body 422 scroll-up/down to rolling member 423.Herein, this rolling member 423 adopts bearing.
see shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 14, second clamp assemblies 43 at least also comprises one can be located at the second block 432 in fixture mount 41 with moving in left-right direction, tubing 7 is clamped in the left side of this second block 432, this second clamp assemblies 43 also comprises the position adjustments block 432 be located on the second block 432, be located in the pressing plate 433 in tubing 7 tube chamber vertically, this position adjustments block 432, pressing plate 433 is consistent with the axial bearing of trend of tubing 7, the two ends that pressing plate 433 passes tubing 7 tube chamber are fixedly connected on the second block 431 respectively, the face contacted between pressing plate 433 and the tube chamber of tubing 7 is the arc surface consistent with tubing 7 tube chamber profile, tubing 7 and the face that position adjustments block 432 contacts are the arc surface consistent with the lateral profile of tubing 7, the face that position adjustments block 432 and the second block 431 contact also is the arc surface contacted in face that matches, so just, tubing 7 is fixed on the second block 431 Absorbable organic halogens.Shown in Figure 14, the left end face of the second block 431 have the arc surface 431b vertically extended and the arc surface 431c extended in the horizontal direction, thus the installation with horizontal direction is installed, to need according to test the modes of emplacement adjusting tubing 7 for the vertical direction of position adjustments block 432 and tubing 7 discriminably.Certainly, when the lateral profile of tubing 7 matches with the arc surface on the second block 431, also can non-use position regulating block 432, and directly by pressing plate 433, tubing 7 is fixed on second baffle 431.In this second clamp assemblies 43, arc surface for contacting with tubing 7 on arc surface 431b and 431c, position adjustments block 432 all should do and increase roughness process, with to strengthen when tubing 7 is installed between its lateral profile and position adjustments block 432 or and the second block 431 arc surface between stiction, avoid the rolling that tubing 7 causes owing to being subject to friction force, ensure that tubing 7 is subject to stable clamping.
first clamp assemblies 42 and the second clamp assemblies 43 clamp sheet material 6 and tubing 7 respectively, the contact point between sheet material 6 and tubing 6, line or face should be made during installation to be positioned on the central axis of testing machine, that is to be positioned at coupling shaft 55 with on the central axis of balancing shaft 56.
see shown in Fig. 8 to Figure 11, this fixture 4 also comprises the lower clamp body 445 be located at regularly in fixture mount 41, this lower clamp body 445 is located on base plate 411 regularly, its center position is also provided with centering post, this centering post forms interference fit through lower clamp body 445 and base plate 411 from top to bottom successively, thus limits the center of lower clamp body 445.
guiding and spacing the first limit assembly 44 when the two ends, left and right of lower clamp body 445 are fixedly provided with respectively for providing the first block 421 to move in left-right direction, for providing the second block 431 move in left-right direction time lead and the second spacing limit assembly 45.First limit assembly 44 is located at the left end of lower clamp body 445, it comprises vertically extend two first height blocks 441, extends and be fixed on the first fixation clip of two first highly fast 441 upper ends along the longitudinal direction, two first height blocks 441 are respectively the both sides, front and back of the first block 421, the first guide channel is formed between lower clamp body 445 and the first fixation clip 442 and two first height blocks 441, the right-hand member of the first block 421 has the first stopper 421a, and this first stopper 421a can be located in the first guide channel with moving in left-right direction.Second limit assembly 45 is located at the right-hand member of lower clamp body 445, it comprises vertically extend two second height blocks 451, extends and be fixed on the second fixation clip of two second height block 451 upper ends along the longitudinal direction, two second height blocks 451 lay respectively at the both sides, front and back of the second block 431, the second guide channel is formed between lower clamp body 445 and the second fixation clip 452 and two second height blocks 451, the left end of the second block 431 has the second stopper 431a, and this second stopper 431a can be located in the second guide channel with moving in left-right direction.
should leave minim gap between the lower surface of the gap between the lower surface of the first fixation clip 441 and the upper surface of the first stopper 421a, the second fixation clip 451 and the second stopper 431a, this gap is all not more than 0.01mm.Such one side ensures the first block 421 and the second block 431 slip in left-right direction, thus can make effectively can be passed to sheet material 6 and tubing 7 to the snap-in force of the first block 421 and the second block 431, be convenient to the contact point between adjustment sheet material 6 and tubing 7, line or face simultaneously and be positioned on the central axis of testing machine; Effectively limit on the other hand the relative displacement that the first block 421 and the second block 431 in the vertical direction exceed allowance.
shown in each accompanying drawing, hold down assembly and 46 to be located between the first block 421 and the second block 431.This holds down assembly and 46 comprises the adjusting screw(rod) 461 can be located at rotatably around Pivot Point Center line on the first block 421, is threadably located at adjusting screw(rod) 461 right-hand member and can be located to relative adjustment screw rod 461 side-to-side movement Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 on adjusting screw(rod) 461, be fixed on the spring stop 463 of Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 right-hand member, and adjusting screw(rod) 461 extends in left-right direction.Left side adjusting screw(rod) 461 being positioned at first gear block 421 is provided with the first regulating element 464 rotated around Pivot Point Center line for ordering about adjusting screw(rod) 461, rotate the first regulating element 464, adjusting screw(rod) 461 can be ordered about rotate around Pivot Point Center line, thus order about Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 and the axial relative motion of spring stop 463 along adjusting screw(rod) 461.This first regulating element 464 can adopt setting nut, and this setting nut is fixedly connected with adjusting screw(rod) 461, thus drives adjusting screw(rod) 461 to rotate, and then drives Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 and spring stop 463 to move along horizontal left and right directions.After adjusting screw(rod) 461 is by adjustment, conflicts by jackscrew and rotate in follow-up work process to limit adjusting screw(rod) 461 to the outside circumference of adjusting screw(rod) 461, ensure Adjustment precision.
hold down assembly 46 also comprise in left-right direction extend and the studdle 465 can be located at moving in left-right direction on the second block 431, the left part of studdle 465 is kept out on spring stop 463 or on Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462, and this left side of studdle 465 is plane.Second block 431 is provided with and rotates with the second regulating element 466 ordering about relative second block 431 side-to-side movement of studdle 465 around Pivot Point Center line for ordering about studdle 465, herein, second regulating element 466 is knob, and this second regulating element 466 is located in oval-shaped groove that the second block 431 is offered.
hold down assembly 46 also comprise in left-right direction extend and right-hand member is located at the spring lever 467 on the second block 431 regularly, the left end of spring lever 467 is provided with locating part 469, is also provided with the flexible member 468 for providing spring lever 467 axial pressing force between locating part 469 and spring stop 463.Here, spring stop 463 offers the guide through hole that can pass axially through for spring lever 467, flexible member 468 is for being set in the spring on spring lever 467, the two ends of this spring 468 are kept out respectively on locating part 469 with spring stop 463, wherein, the parameter of spring should be selected according to the demand of clamping load in test.
the base plate 411 of fixture mount 41 is also provided with limited block 4610 regularly, this limited block 4610 is positioned at the phase heterodoxy of spring lever 467 with the second block 431 in fixture mount 41, limited block 4610 offers limiting through hole, spring lever 467 and spring 468 jointly pass axially through above-mentioned limiting through hole, and it is outer and be positioned at the left side of limited block 4610 that locating part 469 is positioned at limiting through hole.This limiting through hole is stepped hole, and this stepped hole keeps left, and a lateral aperture is little, a lateral aperture of keeping right is large, gap less between spring lever 467 left part by ensure to keep left a side opening and its inside, thus the upper and lower displacement of restraining spring bar 467.In the present embodiment, holding down assembly 46 has two groups, these two groups 46 both sides, front and back being located at fixture mount 41 respectively that hold down assembly.Every side of fixture mount 41 fore-and-aft direction hold down assembly in 46, spring lever 467 has two, and the axial line of these two spring levers 467 is parallel to each other and is positioned at the both sides up and down of adjusting screw(rod) 461 respectively, and every root spring lever 467 is equipped with spring 468.
like this, screw in the length of Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 inside by operating the first regulating element 464 i.e. adjustable adjusting screw(rod) 461, thus order about spring stop 463 and move in left-right direction, and then the reduction length of adjustable elastic element 468.When flexible member 468 is compressed, spring lever 467 two ends through flexible member 468 are stressed at same level left and right directions and direction is different.Because spring lever 467 left end is subject to horizontal direction power left, the second block 431 fixed with it is made to be subject to horizontal direction power left.To contact with flexible member 468 right side due to spring stop 463 and be subject to level power to the right, and then making the first block 421 be subject to level power to the right by Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462, adjusting screw(rod) 461 and the first regulating element 464 successively, the level that the first block 421 is subject to power is to the right passed to upper clamp body 422 by the rolling member 423 of its right-hand member.Like this, hold down assembly and 46 compressed the consistent snap-in force of force value for providing between sheet material 6 with tubing 7 with flexible member 468.This holds down assembly in 46, by adopting spring 468 as force application element, loading and being more suitable for high-temperature high pressure water or this special experimental enviroment of steam, load more accurately compared to the bolt usually adopted, stable, reliable.
on this testing machine, balancing shaft 56 is the pressure self-balancing tensile axis can testing applied extension force self-equilibrating in autoclave 3, need to ensure good sealing between this pressure self-balancing tensile axis and kettle cover 32, realize the motive seal under high-temperature high pressure water or steam condition.Meanwhile, because it has pressure self-balancing function, therefore can offset autoclave 3 inside and outside differential pressure, eliminate the thrust that pressure reduction produces.Adopt this pressure self-balancing tensile axis can ensure in electromagnetic exciting actuator reciprocatory movement, not to be subject to autoclave inside and outside differential pressure on the impact of load, side crops industry actuator only need be selected to provide exciting without the need to selecting large load actuator, load control and measurement precision can be improved, quantitatively obtain the friction force between friction pair.During design, under the prerequisite ensureing pressure self-balancing tensile axis 56 rigidity, the diameter of tensile axis should be reduced as best one can, reduce the contact area of O-ring seal and axle sleeve, select the O-ring seal that friction factor is little.
on charger 5, it is more few better that link between fixture 4 in actuator 51 to autoclave 3 requires, and be required to meet rigidity requirement, be fastenedly connected between each parts, reduce gap as far as possible, to ensure that displacement is passed in still effectively, each parts between actuator 51 to fixture 4 keep coaxial, and keep vertical with the kettle cover 32 of autoclave 3.
the kettle cover 32 of autoclave 3 is provided with two through holes of through-thickness extension, one of them is for placing thermopair, another is for connected water outlet pipe, the water inlet of high temperature high pressure water circulation system is first radially accessed by the outer rim of kettle cover 32, pass kettle cover 32 more vertically downwards to enter in the environmental chamber of autoclave 3, thus in autoclave 3, maintain test design temperature.
like this, when adopting this testing machine to carry out fretting wear test, first by fixture 4, two piece-holder are fixed: sheet material 6 is gripped by the first clamp assemblies 42, tubing 7 is gripped by the second clamp assemblies 43, and upper clamp body 422 and balancing shaft 56 are in the state upwards mentioned.First the second adjustment element 466 is adjusted, studdle 465 is made to keep out on spring stop 463, continue adjustment second regulating element 466, make the first block 421 and the second block 431 in the horizontal direction respectively and move right left, thus make to vacate certain space between tubing 7 and sheet material 6, then middle cross beam 13 is elevated, actuator 51, coupling shaft 55 and balancing shaft 56 are declined together with upper clamp body 422, after making clamp body 422 vertically be down to position suitable in above-mentioned space, locks middle cross beam 13.At this moment, regulate the second regulating element 466 again, studdle 465 is separated with spring stop 463, first block 421 and the second block 431 move toward one another and move to centre in the horizontal direction, the rolling member 423 of the first block 421 right-hand member withstands in the groove 422a of the left end of clamp body 422, now contacts between tubing 7 with sheet material 6.Then, regulate the first regulating element 464 according to the compression force value of testing requirements, thus drive adjusting screw(rod) 461, make Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw 462 drive spring stop 463 to move left and right in the horizontal direction, and then the decrement of adjustment spring 468, namely adjustment compresses force value.
then, the kettle 31 of autoclave 3 is vertically risen and is fixedly connected with kettle cover 31, it is made to form airtight environmental chamber, in autoclave 3, high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient is provided by high temperature high pressure water circulation system, just can carry out fretting wear test by the continuous exciting work of actuator 51, the stress state of the charger 5 in process of the test and the environmental Kuznets Curves state of high temperature high pressure water circulation system carry out instant monitoring and record by monitoring and control recording system.
to sum up, high-temperature high pressure water of the present invention or steam ambient fretting wear test testing machine, this testing machine carries out micro-displacement amplitude, the test of higher vibration frequency micro-moving frictional wear under can simulating nuclear power station one, secondary circuit temperature, pressure and water chemistry condition; This testing machine can carry out slippage wear test or impact wear test, and the way of contact between friction pair can be point, line, surface contacts, measures the friction factor and the coefficient of waste that can obtain between friction pair; The verticality of testing machine, levelness are convenient to be regulated, and ensure that right alignment and the verticality of charger 5; The rational deployment of each parts, ensure that the load of this testing machine and displacement load effective, reliable; The control and measurement precision of load is high, can obtain the friction force between friction pair quantitatively.
above-described embodiment, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, its object is to person skilled in the art can be understood content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences done according to Spirit Essence of the present invention change or modify, and all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. high-temperature high pressure water or a steam ambient fretting apparatus, test for the fretting wear under high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient between the first workpiece and second workpiece, it is characterized in that, described testing machine comprises:
Frame;
Autoclave, comprises kettle and kettle cover, and described kettle can match with described kettle cover and form an airtight environmental chamber, and at least one parts in described kettle and kettle cover are liftably located in described frame;
Fixture, described fixture is located in described environmental chamber, described fixture at least comprises the fixture mount for being fixedly connected with described kettle cover, for clamping the first clamp assemblies of described first workpiece, for clamping the second clamp assemblies of described second workpiece, described first workpiece contacts in the horizontal direction with described second workpiece, described first clamp assemblies at least comprises a upper clamp body that can move up and down, described first workpiece is fixedly mounted on described upper clamp body, described fixture also comprises for providing described first workpiece and described second workpiece holding down assembly along horizontal left and right directions snap-in force,
Charger, comprise can be located to relatively described kettle cover oscilaltion in described frame and be positioned at the actuator above described autoclave, balancing shaft that coupling shaft that the displacement transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator upper end, the load transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator lower end, upper end are connected to described load transducer, lower end are fixedly connected through described kettle cover and with described upper clamp body, the upper end of described balancing shaft and the lower end of described coupling shaft are fixedly connected;
Described testing machine also comprises for providing the described environmental chamber of described autoclave with the high temperature high pressure water circulation system of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient, for monitoring the monitoring and control recording system with the environmental Kuznets Curves state of the stress state and described high temperature high pressure water circulation system that record described charger.
2. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described kettle comprises the metal body with inner chamber, be located at the kettle flange of described metal body upper end for being connected with described kettle cover regularly, be wrapped in the heating jacket of perimembranous outside described metal body and described kettle flange, inside described metal body upper end, perimembranous has the concave station to lower recess, the lower end of described kettle cover has protrudes downwards and the boss that can match with described concave station, described autoclave also comprises the O-ring seal be located between described kettle and described kettle cover, when described kettle cover matches with described kettle, described boss matches with described concave station, and described O-ring seal is pressed between described boss and described concave station regularly.
3. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described actuator is electromagnetic exciting actuator, institute's displacement sensors, described load transducer are all positioned at the center position of described actuator at the two ends up and down of described actuator, and the upper end of described coupling shaft is fixedly connected by universal joint and described load transducer.
4. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, is characterized in that: described frame comprises lower bearing bracket body for installing described autoclave, for installing the upper spider body of described charger,
Described lower bearing bracket body comprise lower support plate that relative ground is fixedly installed, for fixedly mount support plate in described kettle cover, for be connected with described upper spider body upper bearing plate, to be located between described lower support plate and described middle support plate and the many support posts vertically extended, to be located between described upper bearing plate and described middle support plate and the many supporting upright posts vertically extended and adjusting post regularly regularly, described kettle is liftably on a described support post located therein;
Two guide upright posts that described upper spider body comprises the sill be fixed on described upper bearing plate, lower end is fixed on described sill two ends, be located at regularly two described guide upright post tops entablature, be located at middle cross beam between two described guide upright posts to oscilaltion, described actuator is fixedly mounted on described middle cross beam, is also provided with the locking mechanism for both being locked between described guide upright post and described middle cross beam.
5. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described balancing shaft is the pressure self-balancing tensile axis that can realize applied extension force self-equilibrating in described autoclave, described pressure self-balancing tensile axis is connected with described kettle cover motive seal and arranges.
6. according to the arbitrary described high-temperature high pressure water of claim 1 to 5 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described first clamp assemblies at least also comprises one can be located at the first block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second clamp assemblies at least comprises one can be located at the second block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second workpiece is located at the side of described second block regularly and is contacted with described first workpiece, described first block and described first workpiece lay respectively at the different both sides of described upper clamp body, described first block to be kept out on described on clamp body in the horizontal direction, described holding down assembly is located between described first block and described second block.
7. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 6 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described in hold down assembly and comprise the adjusting screw(rod) can be located at rotatably around Pivot Point Center line on described first block, be threaded mutually with described adjusting screw(rod) and can be located to relative described adjusting screw(rod) side-to-side movement the Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw on described adjusting screw(rod), the spring stop be fixedly connected with described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw, extend in left-right direction and the studdle can be located at moving in left-right direction on described second block, the end of described studdle can be kept out on described spring stop or on described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw in the horizontal direction, described hold down assembly also comprise in left-right direction extend and one end is located at the spring lever on described second block regularly, the other end of described spring lever is provided with locating part, the flexible member for providing along described spring lever axial pressing force is also provided with between described locating part and described spring stop.
8. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 7 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described spring stop offers the guide through hole that can pass axially through for described spring lever, described locating part is located at described spring lever and is passed on the described other end of described guide through hole vertically, described flexible member is be set in the spring on described spring lever, the two ends of described spring are kept out respectively on described locating part and described spring stop, described fixture mount is fixedly provided with limited block, described limited block is positioned at the phase heterodoxy of described spring lever with described second block in described fixture mount, described limited block offers limiting through hole, described spring lever passes axially through described limiting through hole, described locating part is positioned at outside described limiting through hole.
9. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 7 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described fixture also comprises the lower clamp body be located at regularly in described fixture mount, guiding and spacing the first limit assembly when the two ends, left and right of described lower clamp body are fixedly provided with respectively for providing described first block to move in left-right direction, for providing described second block to move in left-right direction time lead and the second spacing limit assembly
Described first limit assembly comprises vertically extend two first height blocks, extends and be fixed on the first fixation clip of the upper end of the first height block described in two along the longitudinal direction, described in two, the first height block lays respectively at the both sides, front and back of described first block, the first guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described first fixation clip and two described first height blocks, described first block has the first stopper, and described first stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described first guide channel;
Described second limit assembly comprises vertically extend two second height blocks, extends and be fixed on the second fixation clip of the second height block upper end described in two along the longitudinal direction, two described second height blocks lay respectively at the both sides, front and back of described second block, the second guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described second fixation clip and two described second height blocks, described second block has the second stopper, and described second stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described second guide channel.
10. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 6 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described first workpiece is sheet material, described second workpiece is tubing, form point, line or face between described sheet material with described tubing to contact, and the position of the Contact of described sheet material and described tubing is positioned on the central axis of described coupling shaft and described balancing shaft.
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| CN110940605A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-03-31 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Heat transfer pipe abrasion, stress and corrosion coupling effect test device and heat transfer pipe service behavior evaluation method |
| CN110940605B (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2022-08-16 | 苏州热工研究院有限公司 | Heat transfer pipe abrasion, stress and corrosion coupling effect test device and heat transfer pipe service behavior evaluation method |
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| CN111693243B (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2021-06-29 | 西南交通大学 | High-temperature high-pressure multiphase flow impact fretting damage testing system and implementation method thereof |
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| CN111693243A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-09-22 | 西南交通大学 | High-temperature high-pressure multiphase flow impact fretting damage testing system and implementation method thereof |
| CN112683650A (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2021-04-20 | 国核电站运行服务技术有限公司 | Normal fretting wear test device for high-temperature and high-pressure water environment |
| CN113008717A (en) * | 2021-02-20 | 2021-06-22 | 上海交通大学 | Experimental device and experimental method for simulating nuclear reactor wear |
| CN113740246A (en) * | 2021-08-30 | 2021-12-03 | 华中科技大学 | Overcome vertical tractive thermal friction test machine of high temperature sheet material gravity bending |
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