CN104914042A - Fretting wear testing machine in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment fretting wear test machine, in which two workpieces used for the test are clamped by setting fixtures, and placed in an autoclave, and the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation system makes the two workpieces in the autoclave It is in a high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment, and the test workpiece in the autoclave is excited by a loading device, so that the high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment fretting wear test can be carried out. The testing machine can simulate the temperature, pressure and water chemical conditions of the primary and secondary circuits of the nuclear power plant to perform small displacement amplitude and high vibration frequency fretting friction and wear tests; the testing machine can perform sliding wear tests or impact wear tests, and the measurement can be The friction coefficient and wear coefficient between the friction pairs are obtained; the reasonable layout of the components of the testing machine ensures that the load and displacement loading of the testing machine are effective and reliable; the load control and measurement accuracy are high, and the friction between the friction pairs can be quantitatively obtained. of friction.

Description

High temperature and high pressure water or steam environment fretting wear tester

technical field

The invention relates to a high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment fretting wear tester.

Background technique

In engineering practice, the problem of component wear and failure caused by vibration often occurs, especially in the nuclear power plant system, some structural parts collide with adjacent structural parts under the action of flow-induced vibration, resulting in friction and wear problems with small displacement amplitudes. Among them, the relative motion mode between the friction pairs can be slip and impact, and the contact mode between the friction pairs can be point, line, or surface contact. The measurement needs to obtain the friction coefficient and wear coefficient between the friction pairs. At present, the experimental research is relatively difficult, and the friction coefficient and wear coefficient are difficult to measure. This is mainly due to the technical difficulties in the design of the testing machine for the fretting wear test in the high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment and the fixture design for the wear test in the autoclave. None of the machines are suitable for simulating the temperature, pressure, and water chemical conditions of the primary and secondary circuits of nuclear power plants for small displacement amplitude and high vibration frequency fretting friction and wear tests.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of the prior art, and provide a testing machine capable of simulating fretting wear in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment fretting wear tester, which is used for the fretting wear test between the first workpiece and the second workpiece under high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment , the testing machine includes:

frame;

An autoclave, including a kettle body and a kettle cover, the kettle body and the kettle cover can cooperate to form a closed environmental chamber, at least one part of the kettle body and the kettle cover can be lifted and lowered on the rack;

A fixture, the fixture is arranged in the environmental chamber, and the fixture at least includes a fixture bracket for fixed connection with the kettle cover, a first clamping assembly for clamping the first workpiece, and In the second clamping assembly for clamping the second workpiece, the first workpiece is in contact with the second workpiece along the horizontal direction, and the first clamping assembly at least includes an upper clamping body capable of moving up and down, The first workpiece is fixedly mounted on the upper clamp body, and the clamp further includes a pressing assembly for providing a pressing force between the first workpiece and the second workpiece in a horizontal left-right direction;

The loading device includes an actuator that can be lifted up and down relative to the kettle cover and is arranged on the frame above the autoclave, a displacement sensor fixed on the upper end of the actuator, and a displacement sensor fixed on the top of the autoclave. The load sensor at the lower end of the actuator, the connecting shaft whose upper end is connected to the load sensor, the balance shaft whose lower end passes through the kettle cover and is fixedly connected with the upper clamp body, the upper end of the balance shaft is connected to the The lower end of the shaft is fixedly connected;

The testing machine also includes a high temperature and high pressure water circulation system for providing the environment chamber of the autoclave with a high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment, for monitoring and recording the loading state of the loading device and the high temperature and high pressure water circulation system A monitoring and recording system of the environmental control status of the system.

Preferably, the kettle body includes a metal body with an inner cavity, a kettle body flange fixedly arranged on the upper end of the metal body for connecting with the kettle cover, wrapped around the metal body and the kettle body Heating jacket around the outer periphery of the flange.

Further, the inner circumference of the upper end of the metal body has a concave platform that is depressed downward, and the lower end of the kettle cover has a convex platform that protrudes downward and can be matched with the concave platform. The autoclave also includes a set The sealing ring between the kettle body and the kettle cover, when the kettle cover is matched with the kettle body, the boss matches the concave platform, and the sealing ring is fixedly pressed It is arranged between the convex platform and the concave platform.

Preferably, the actuator is an electromagnetic excitation actuator, the displacement sensor and the load sensor are located at the center of the actuator at the upper and lower ends of the actuator, and the connecting shaft The upper end of the load cell is fixedly connected with the load sensor through a universal joint.

Preferably, the frame includes a lower frame body for installing the autoclave, an upper frame body for installing the loading device,

The lower frame body includes a lower support plate fixedly arranged relative to the ground, a middle support plate for fixedly installing the kettle cover, an upper support plate for connecting with the upper frame body, fixedly arranged on the A plurality of support columns extending vertically between the lower support plate and the middle support plate, and a plurality of support columns fixedly arranged between the upper support plate and the middle support plate and extending vertically Supporting columns and adjusting columns, the kettle body can be lifted and lowered on one of the supporting columns;

The upper frame body includes a lower beam fixed on the upper support plate, two guide columns whose lower ends are fixed at both ends of the lower beam, an upper beam fixedly arranged at the top ends of the two guide columns, and upper and lower beams. The middle beam is arranged between the two guide columns in a lifting manner, the actuator is fixedly installed on the middle beam, and there is also a locking mechanism between the guide column and the middle beam for locking the two. the locking mechanism.

Preferably, the balance shaft is a pressure self-balanced stretching shaft capable of achieving self-balanced stretching forces inside and outside the autoclave, and the pressure self-balanced stretching shaft is arranged in a dynamic and sealed connection with the lid of the autoclave.

Preferably, the first clamping assembly further includes at least a first stopper provided on the clamp bracket capable of moving in the left-right direction, and the second clamping assembly includes at least a stopper capable of moving in the left-right direction. The second stopper on the fixture bracket, the second workpiece is fixedly arranged on one side of the second stopper and contacts with the first workpiece, the first stopper and the first stopper A workpiece is respectively located on two different sides of the upper clamping body, the first block resists the upper clamping body in the horizontal direction, and the pressing assembly is arranged on the first blocking block and the second clamping body. between the two blocks.

Further, the pressing assembly includes an adjusting screw that is rotatable around its own axis and is arranged on the first block, and is screwed to the adjusting screw and is arranged on the adjusting screw that can move left and right relative to the adjusting screw. The adjusting screw sleeve on the adjusting screw rod, the spring baffle fixedly connected with the adjusting screw sleeve, the supporting screw rod extending in the left and right direction and arranged on the second stopper so as to be movable in the left and right direction, the The end of the supporting screw can be resisted on the spring baffle or the adjusting screw sleeve in the horizontal direction. The spring rod is provided with a limiting member on the other end of the spring rod, and an elastic element for providing an axial compressive force along the spring rod is arranged between the limiting member and the spring baffle.

Furthermore, the spring baffle is provided with a guide through hole through which the spring rod can pass through in the axial direction, and the stopper is arranged at the point where the spring rod passes through the guide through hole in the axial direction. On the other end, the elastic element is a spring sleeved on the spring rod, and the two ends of the spring are respectively resisted by the limiter and the spring baffle, and fixed on the clamp bracket A limit block is arranged on the ground, and the limit block is located at the opposite end of the spring rod from the second block on the clamp bracket. A limit through hole is opened on the limit block, and the spring rod is positioned along the Axially passes through the limiting through hole, and the limiting member is located outside the limiting through hole.

Further, the clamp also includes a lower clamp body fixedly arranged on the clamp bracket, and the left and right ends of the lower clamp body are respectively fixedly provided with guides for providing the first block moving in the left and right directions. and a first limiting component for limiting, a second limiting component for providing guidance and limiting when the second block moves in the left and right directions,

The first limiting assembly includes two first height blocks extending in the vertical direction, a first fixing plate extending in the front and rear direction and fixed on the upper ends of the two first height blocks, and the two first height blocks They are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the first block, and a first guide channel is formed between the lower clamp body, the first fixed platen and the two first height blocks, and the first block has a first stopper, the first stopper is movably set in the first guide passage;

The second limiting assembly includes two second height blocks extending in the vertical direction, a second fixing plate extending in the front and rear direction and fixed on the upper ends of the two second height blocks, and the two second height blocks They are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the second block, and a second guide channel is formed between the lower clamp body, the second fixed platen and the two second height blocks, and the second block has The second stopper is provided in the second guide channel so that the second stopper can move left and right.

Further, the first workpiece is a plate, the second workpiece is a pipe, the plate and the pipe form point, line or surface contact, and the contact position between the plate and the pipe is located at On the central axis of the connecting shaft and the balance shaft.

Due to the application of the above-mentioned technical scheme, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment fretting wear testing machine of the present invention, wherein the two workpieces used for the test are clamped by setting clamps, and the It is placed in an autoclave, and the autoclave is placed in a high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment through a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation system, and the test workpiece in the autoclave is excited by a loading device, so that micro Dynamic wear test. The testing machine can simulate the temperature, pressure and water chemical conditions of the primary and secondary circuits of the nuclear power plant to perform small displacement amplitude and high vibration frequency fretting friction and wear tests; the testing machine can perform sliding wear tests or impact wear tests. The contact mode between them can be point, line and surface contact, and the friction coefficient and wear coefficient between the friction pairs can be obtained by measurement; the reasonable layout of each part of the testing machine ensures that the load and displacement loading of the testing machine are effective and reliable; The control and measurement precision of the load is high, and the friction force between the friction pairs can be obtained quantitatively.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing 1 is the front view of testing machine of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 2 is the perspective view of testing machine of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 3 is the frame diagram of testing machine of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 4 is the front view of the autoclave on the testing machine of the present invention;

Accompanying drawing 5 is along the A-A in accompanying drawing 4 A schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure;

Accompanying drawing 6 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram that clamp is connected with autoclave lid;

Accompanying drawing 7 is a schematic diagram of the stress situation when the first workpiece and the second workpiece are clamped and contacted on the fixture;

Accompanying drawing 8 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram one of fixture on the testing machine;

Accompanying drawing 9 is the schematic diagram of the front perspective structure of the fixture;

Accompanying drawing 10 is the three-dimensional structural schematic diagram II of fixture;

Accompanying drawing 11 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram three of fixture;

Accompanying drawing 12 is the structural representation of the upper clamp body in the clamp;

Accompanying drawing 13 is the structural representation of the first block on the fixture;

Accompanying drawing 14 is the structural representation of the second block on the fixture;

in:

1. Upper frame body; 11. Upper beam; 12. Guide column; 13. Middle beam; 14. Lower beam; 15. Locking handle; 16. Support seat; 17. Wedge pad;

2. Lower support body; 21. Lower support plate; 22. Support column; 23. Middle support plate; 24. Support column; 25. Adjustment column; 26. Upper support plate; 27. Lifting drive mechanism;

3. Autoclave; 31. Kettle body; 311. Metal body; 312. Kettle body flange; 313. Heating jacket; 32. Kettle cover; 33. Sealing ring;

4. Fixture; 41. Fixture bracket; 411. Base plate; 412. Column;

42, the first clamping assembly; 421, the first stopper; 421a, the first stopper; 421b, the notch; 422, the upper clamping body; 422a, the groove; 423, the rolling element;

43, the second clamping assembly; 431, the second stopper; 431a, the second stopper; 431b, 431c, the arc surface; 432, the position adjustment block; 433, the pressure plate;

44. The first limit assembly; 441. The first height block; 442. The first fixed pressure plate; 445. The lower clamp body;

45. The second limit assembly; 451. The second height block; 452. The second fixed pressure plate;

46, pressing assembly; 461, adjusting screw; 462, adjusting screw sleeve; 463, spring baffle; 464, first adjusting element; 465, supporting screw; 466, second adjusting element; 467, spring rod; 468, elastic Component; 469, limit piece; 4610, limit block;

5. Loading device; 51. Actuator; 52. Displacement sensor; 53. Load sensor; 54. Universal joint; 55. Connecting shaft; 56. Balance shaft;

6. The first workpiece (plate); 7. The second workpiece (pipe).

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 for the fretting wear testing machine in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment, which is used for the fretting wear test between two workpieces in high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment, the two workpieces are respectively the first The friction pair is formed between the workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 7, the first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 7, the geometry and size of the friction pair can be adjusted according to the actual test needs, and the friction pair can be points, lines or surfaces Contact, through this sliding wear test, the friction coefficient and wear coefficient of the friction pair in the high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment can be measured. In the nuclear power plant system, the parts that undergo flow-induced vibration wear are mostly pipes, and the other parts that undergo friction and wear have various shapes. In this embodiment, the test is a sliding wear test, the first workpiece 6 is a plate, and the second workpiece 7 is a pipe, wherein the plate can be a flat plate or a plate with a curved surface on one side, the first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece The 7-phase contact is shown in Figure 7.

The testing machine includes:

frame;

The autoclave 3 includes a kettle body 31 and a kettle cover 32. The kettle body 31 and the kettle cover 32 can cooperate with each other to form a closed environment chamber, which is used to accommodate high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam. The kettle body 31 and the kettle body At least one of the two parts of the cover 32 is liftably arranged on the frame, so that the kettle cover 32 can be opened from the kettle body 31;

Fixture 4, the fixture 4 is arranged in the environmental chamber of the autoclave 3, the fixture 4 at least includes a fixture bracket 41 for fixed connection with the kettle cover 32, a first clamping assembly for clamping the first workpiece 6 42. The second clamping assembly 43 for clamping the second workpiece 7. The first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 7 are in contact with each other along the horizontal direction. The first clamping assembly 42 includes at least one upper clamping body 422 that can move up and down , the first workpiece 6 is fixedly installed on the upper clamp body 422, and the clamp 4 also includes a pressing assembly 46 for providing pressing force between the first workpiece 6 and the second workpiece 7 along the horizontal left-right direction;

Loading device 5, this loading device 5 comprises the actuator 51 that can be arranged on the frame and is positioned at the top of the autoclave 3 relative to the kettle cover 32 up and down, the displacement sensor 52 that is fixed on the actuator 51 upper end, and is fixed on the The load sensor 53 at the lower end of the actuator 51, the upper end connected to the connecting shaft 55 of the load sensor 52, the lower end passing through the kettle cover 32 and the balance shaft 56 fixedly connected with the upper clamp body 422, the upper end of the balance shaft 56 and the connecting shaft 55 The lower end is fixedly connected. In this embodiment, the actuator 51 adopts an electromagnetic excitation actuator, and the displacement sensor 52 and the load sensor 53 are located at the center of the actuator 51 at the upper and lower ends of the actuator 51, so as to be used for measuring and Control amplitude and load. The upper end of the connecting shaft 55 is connected with the load sensor 53 through the universal joint 54, which is beneficial to protect the electromagnetic excitation actuator from damage caused by extra lateral force.

The testing machine also includes a high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation system for providing the environment chamber of the autoclave 3 with a high-temperature and high-pressure water or steam environment, and a system for monitoring and recording the loading state of the loading device 5 and the environmental control state of the high-temperature and high-pressure water circulation system. Monitoring and recording system. The overall principle frame diagram of the testing machine is shown in Figure 3.

In conjunction with specific embodiments, the structure of each part on the testing machine is as follows:

1 and 2, the frame includes a lower frame body 2 for installing an autoclave 3 and an upper frame body 1 for installing a loading device 5 .

The lower frame body 2 includes a lower support plate 21 fixedly arranged on the ground, a middle support plate 23 for fixedly installing the kettle cover 32, an upper support plate 26 for being connected with the upper frame body 1, and is fixedly arranged on the lower support plate 23. Between the support plate 21 and the middle support plate 23 and a plurality of support columns 22 extending in the vertical direction, and a plurality of support columns 24 fixedly arranged between the upper support plate 26 and the middle support plate 23 and along the vertical direction With the adjustment column 25, the kettle body 31 is mounted on one of the support columns 22 liftably. Between the support column 22 and the kettle body 31, a lifting drive mechanism 27 for driving the kettle body 31 up and down along the support column 22 is provided. There is a certain height between the upper support plate 26 and the middle support plate 23, so as to leave space for the balance shaft 56 and the autoclave 3 to operate. A plurality of adjustment columns 25 are located inside the plurality of support columns 24, and the plurality of adjustment columns 25 are mainly used to support and adjust the level of the upper support plate 26, and the plurality of support columns 24 on the outside play an auxiliary supporting role. The lower supporting plate 21 is fixedly arranged on the ground by bolts, and a rubber pad is arranged between it and the ground to play the effect of vibration isolation.

The upper frame body 1 includes a lower beam 14 fixed on the upper support plate 26, two guide columns 13 whose lower ends are fixed at both ends of the lower beam 14, an upper beam 11 fixedly located at the tops of the two guide columns 13, and an up and down lifting platform. The middle beam 13 is arranged between the two guide columns 13, and the middle beam 13 is located between the lower beam 14 and the upper beam 11 in the height direction. The actuator 51 is fixedly installed on the middle beam 13, and a locking mechanism for locking the two is also provided between the guide column 13 and the middle beam 13. Here, the locking mechanism is a locking handle 15. After the height position adjustment is completed, the middle beam 13 is locked by the locking handle 15 so that the position of the actuator 51 is fixed.

In the above arrangement, the autoclave 3 is located inside the frame surrounded by the components of the lower frame body 2 , and the actuator 51 , the connecting shaft 55 and the balance shaft 65 are located inside the frame surrounded by the components of the upper frame body 1 . This can ensure that the loading of the test sample under the action of the electromagnetic excitation actuator is within the overall frame of the fretting wear tester in a high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment, which can ensure that the overall structure of the testing machine is reasonable, and the records of load and displacement are effective and reliable. .

4 and 5, the kettle body 31 includes a metal body 311 with an inner cavity, a kettle body flange 312 fixedly arranged on the upper end of the metal body 311 for connecting with the kettle cover 32, wrapped around the metal body 311 and The heating jacket 313 on the outer periphery of the kettle body flange 312 . The metal body 311, kettle body flange 312 and heating jacket 313 are made into a whole in appearance. The lifting drive mechanism 27 is connected with the heating jacket 313, and the lifting of the autoclave 3 is controlled by the lifting heating jacket 313. The inner peripheral portion of the upper end of the metal body 311 has a concave platform that is depressed downward, and the lower end of the kettle cover 32 has a convex platform that protrudes downward and can match the above-mentioned concave platform. The autoclave 3 also includes a Sealing ring 33 between cover 32, when kettle cover 32 and kettle body 31 were matched, the boss on the kettle cover 32 matched with the recessed platform on the kettle body 31, and sealing ring 33 was fixedly pressed and was arranged on boss and kettle body 31. A closed environment chamber is formed between the kettle cover 32 and the kettle body 31 between the concave platforms. Here, the sealing ring 33 can adopt a stainless steel toothed sealing gasket, which can effectively seal.

Referring to FIG. 6 , the clamp 4 is fixedly arranged on the kettle cover 32 through the clamp bracket 41 . The fixture bracket 41 includes a base plate 411, at least three uprights 412 whose lower ends are fixed on the base plate 411 and whose axes extend along the up-down direction, here there are four uprights 412, and the four uprights 412 are respectively arranged on the four corners of the base plate 411 , the upper ends of all columns 412 are fixedly connected to the lid 32 of the autoclave 3 , so that the fixture 4 is fixed to the lid 32 of the autoclave and can be placed into the environment chamber of the autoclave 3 .

In this embodiment, the specific structure of the clamp 4 is shown in FIGS. 8 to 14. In this embodiment, the first clamping assembly 42 is used to clamp the plate 6, and the second clamping assembly 43 is used to clamp the pipe. 7. The first clamping component 42 is set on the left side of the clamping bracket 41, and the second clamping component 43 is set on the right side of the clamping bracket 41. After being clamped by the first clamping component 42 and the second clamping component 43, The plate 6 and the pipe 7 are arranged in contact with each other in the horizontal direction to form a friction pair.

Referring to FIGS. 8 to 14 , the first clamping assembly 42 at least further includes a first stopper 421 provided on the fixture bracket 41 capable of moving in the left and right direction, the first stopper 421 and the first workpiece 6 are respectively Located on two different sides of the upper clamping body 422 , the first block 421 abuts against the upper clamping body 422 along the horizontal direction. The structure of the upper clamp body 422 is shown in Figure 12, the plate 6 is fixedly arranged on the right side of the lower end of the upper clamp body 422, the first baffle plate 421 is located on the left side of the upper clamp body 422, and the right end of the first block 421 A rolling member 423 is provided on the top to rotate through the rotating shaft, wherein the axis of the rotating shaft extends along the front-to-back direction, and the rolling member 423 rolls against the left end surface of the upper clamp body 422 to form resistance to the upper clamp body 422 and apply The force of the upper clamp body 422 in the horizontal left and right direction. Referring to Fig. 13, the right end of the first block 421 has a notch 421b, and the rolling member 423 is rotatably arranged on the right end of the first block 421 and partly located in the notch 421b; The groove 422 a , the rolling element 423 rolls against the groove wall of the groove 422 a , and the groove 422 a forms a guide for the rolling element 423 to roll up and down relative to the upper clamping body 422 . Here, the rolling member 423 is a bearing.

Referring to Fig. 8 to Fig. 14, the second clamping assembly 43 further includes at least a second stopper 432 arranged on the clamp bracket 41 capable of moving in the left and right directions, and the pipe 7 is clamped on the second stopper 432. On the left side, the second clamping assembly 43 also includes a position adjustment block 432 arranged on the second stopper 432, a pressure plate 433 axially penetrated in the lumen of the pipe material 7, the position adjustment block 432, the pressure plate 433 and The axial extension direction of the pipe material 7 is consistent, and the two ends of the pressure plate 433 passing through the lumen of the pipe material 7 are respectively fixedly connected to the second stopper 431, and the contact surface between the pressure plate 433 and the lumen of the pipe material 7 is the surface of the pipe material 7. The circular arc surface consistent with the outline of the lumen, the surface of the pipe material 7 in contact with the position adjustment block 432 is an arc surface consistent with the outer contour of the pipe material 7, and the surface of the position adjustment block 432 in contact with the second stopper 431 is also In order to match the arc surface in surface contact, the pipe material 7 can be stably fixed to the second stopper 431 . Referring to Fig. 14, the left end surface of the second block 431 has an arc surface 431b extending in the vertical direction and an arc surface 431c extending in the horizontal direction, so that the position adjustment block 432 and the pipe material 7 can be provided respectively. The installation in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction can be used to adjust the placement of the pipe 7 according to the needs of the test. Of course, when the outer contour of the pipe 7 matches the arc surface of the second stopper 431 , the position adjustment block 432 may not be used, and the pipe 7 is directly fixed to the second stopper 431 through the pressing plate 433 . In the second clamping assembly 43, the arc surfaces 431b and 431c, and the arc surfaces on the position adjustment block 432 that are in contact with the pipe 7 should be treated with increased roughness to enhance the outer profile of the pipe 7 when it is installed. The static friction force between the position adjustment block 432 or the arc surface of the second stop block 431 prevents the pipe material 7 from rolling due to the friction force, and ensures that the pipe material 7 is clamped stably.

The first clamping assembly 42 and the second clamping assembly 43 clamp the plate 6 and the pipe 7 respectively, and the contact point, line or surface between the plate 6 and the pipe 6 should be located on the central axis of the testing machine during installation. That is, it is located on the central axis of the connecting shaft 55 and the balance shaft 56 .

Referring to Fig. 8 to Fig. 11, the clamp 4 also includes a lower clamp body 445 fixedly arranged on the clamp bracket 41, the lower clamp body 445 is fixedly arranged on the base plate 411, and the center position is also provided with a centering The centering column passes through the lower clamping body 445 from top to bottom to form an interference fit with the bottom plate 411 , thereby defining the center position of the lower clamping body 445 .

The left and right ends of the lower clamping body 445 are respectively fixedly provided with a first limit assembly 44 for providing guidance and limiting when the first block 421 moves in the left and right direction, and a first limit assembly 44 for providing the second block 431 when moving in the left and right direction. The second limiting component 45 for guiding and limiting. The first limit assembly 44 is arranged on the left end of the lower clamp body 445, which includes two first height blocks 441 extending in the vertical direction, and a first fixed platen extending in the front and rear direction and fixed on the upper ends of the two first height blocks 441 , the two first height blocks 441 are respectively the front and rear sides of the first block 421, the first guide channel is formed between the lower clamp body 445, the first fixed platen 442 and the two first height blocks 441, the first block The right end of 421 has a first blocking portion 421a, and the first blocking portion 421a is movably arranged in the first guide passage along the left and right directions. The second limit assembly 45 is arranged on the right end of the lower clamping body 445, and it includes two second height blocks 451 extending in the vertical direction, and a second fixed platen extending in the front-rear direction and fixed on the upper ends of the two second height blocks 451 , the two second height blocks 451 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the second stopper 431, the second guide channel is formed between the lower clamp body 445, the second fixed platen 452 and the two second height blocks 451, and the second stopper The left end of 431 has a second blocking portion 431a, and the second blocking portion 431a is movably arranged in the second guide passage along the left and right directions.

The gap between the lower end surface of the first fixed platen 441 and the upper end surface of the first retaining portion 421a, and the lower end surface of the second fixed platen 451 and the second retaining portion 431a should leave a small gap, and the gap is not greater than 0.01 mm. In this way, on the one hand, the slidability of the first stopper 421 and the second stopper 431 along the left and right directions can be ensured, so that the pressing force on the first stopper 421 and the second stopper 431 can be effectively transmitted to the plate 6 and the pipe 7, at the same time it is convenient to adjust the contact point, line or surface between the plate 6 and the pipe 7 to be located on the central axis of the testing machine; A relative displacement beyond the margin occurs on the

Referring to the drawings, the pressing assembly 46 is disposed between the first block 421 and the second block 431 . The pressing assembly 46 includes an adjusting screw 461 which is rotatably arranged on the first block 421 around its own axis, and which is arranged on the right end of the adjusting screw 461 in a threaded manner and which is arranged on the adjusting screw 461 so that it can move left and right relative to the adjusting screw 461. The adjusting screw sleeve 462 on the top, the spring baffle plate 463 fixed on the right end of the adjusting screw sleeve 462, and the adjusting screw rod 461 extend along the left-right direction. On the left side of the first block 421, the adjusting screw 461 is provided with a first adjusting element 464 for driving the adjusting screw 461 to rotate around its own axis. Rotating the first adjusting element 464 can drive the adjusting screw 461 to rotate around its own axis. The core wire rotates, thereby driving the adjusting screw sleeve 462 and the spring baffle 463 to move relative to each other along the axial direction of the adjusting screw 461 . The first adjustment element 464 can be an adjustment nut, which is fixedly connected with the adjustment screw 461, thereby driving the adjustment screw 461 to rotate, and then driving the adjustment screw 462 and the spring baffle 463 to move horizontally left and right. After the adjusting screw 461 is adjusted, the jack screw can touch the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting screw 461 to limit the rotation of the adjusting screw 461 in the subsequent working process to ensure the adjustment accuracy.

The pressing assembly 46 also includes a supporting screw 465 extending in the left-right direction and movable in the left-right direction on the second block 431 . The left end of the supporting screw 465 is against the spring baffle 463 or the adjusting screw sleeve 462 . The left end surface of the support screw 465 is a plane. The second stop 431 is provided with a second adjustment element 466 for driving the support screw 465 to rotate around its own axis to drive the support screw 465 to move left and right relative to the second stop 431. Here, the second adjustment element 466 is a knob. The second adjustment element 466 is disposed in an oval groove defined on the second stopper 431 .

The pressing assembly 46 also includes a spring rod 467 extending in the left-right direction and the right end is fixedly arranged on the second block 431. An elastic element 468 for providing the axial pressing force of the spring rod 467 is also provided. Here, the spring baffle 463 is provided with a guide through hole for the spring rod 467 to pass through in the axial direction. The elastic element 468 is a spring sleeved on the spring rod 467. 469 and the spring baffle 463, wherein the parameters of the spring should be selected according to the requirements of the compression load in the test.

The bottom plate 411 of the clamp support 41 is also fixedly provided with a limit block 4610, which is located at the opposite end of the spring rod 467 from the second stop block 431 on the clamp support 41, and the limit block 4610 is provided with a limit through hole. , the spring rod 467 and the spring 468 jointly axially pass through the above-mentioned limiting through hole, and the limiting member 469 is located outside the limiting through hole and on the left side of the limiting block 4610 . This limiting through hole is a step hole, and the step hole is small in diameter on the left side and large in diameter on the right side, by ensuring a small gap between the hole on the left side and the left end of the spring rod 467 inside, thereby limiting The up and down displacement of spring bar 467. In this embodiment, there are two sets of pressing assemblies 46 , and these two sets of pressing assemblies 46 are respectively arranged on the front and rear sides of the clamp bracket 41 . In the compression assembly 46 on each side of the front and back direction of the clamp bracket 41, there are two spring rods 467, the axis lines of these two spring rods 467 are parallel to each other and are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the adjustment screw rod 461, and each spring rod 467 Springs 468 are provided on the rods 467 .

In this way, the length of the adjusting screw rod 461 screwed into the adjusting screw sleeve 462 can be adjusted by operating the first adjusting element 464 , thereby driving the spring stopper 463 to move left and right, thereby adjusting the compressed length of the elastic element 468 . When the elastic element 468 is compressed, the two ends of the spring rod 467 passing through the elastic element 468 are stressed at the same horizontal direction and in different directions. Since the left end of the spring rod 467 is subjected to a force to the left in the horizontal direction, the second block 431 fixed thereto is subjected to a force to the left in the horizontal direction. Since the spring baffle 463 is in contact with the right end surface of the elastic element 468 and is subjected to a horizontal force to the right, and then the first block 421 is subjected to a horizontal force to the right through the adjustment screw sleeve 462, the adjustment screw 461 and the first adjustment element 464 in turn, The horizontal rightward force received by the first block 421 is transmitted to the upper clamping body 422 through the rolling member 423 at the right end thereof. In this way, the pressing assembly 46 provides a pressing force consistent with the compression force of the elastic element 468 between the plate 6 and the pipe 7 . In the pressing assembly 46, by using the spring 468 as the force element, compared with the commonly used bolt loading, it is more suitable for the special test environment of high temperature and high pressure water or steam, and the loading is more accurate, stable and reliable.

On this testing machine, the balance shaft 56 is a pressure self-balancing stretching shaft capable of testing the self-balancing of the tension force inside and outside the autoclave 3. A good seal must be ensured between the pressure self-balancing stretching shaft and the lid 32 of the autoclave to achieve Dynamic seal under high temperature and high pressure water or steam conditions. At the same time, because it has a pressure self-balancing function, it can offset the pressure difference inside and outside the autoclave 3 and eliminate the thrust generated by the pressure difference. The use of the pressure self-balancing stretching shaft can ensure that the electromagnetic excitation actuator is not affected by the pressure difference inside and outside the autoclave on the load during the reciprocating motion, and there is no need to use a large-load actuator but only a small-load actuator to provide excitation. , can improve load control and measurement accuracy, and quantitatively obtain the friction force between friction pairs. During design, the diameter of the stretching shaft should be reduced as much as possible under the premise of ensuring the rigidity of the pressure self-balancing stretching shaft 56, the contact area between the sealing ring and the shaft sleeve should be reduced, and the sealing ring with a small friction coefficient should be selected.

On the loading device 5, the connecting parts from the actuator 51 to the clamp 4 in the autoclave 3 should be as few as possible, and the rigidity requirements should be met. The connections between the parts should be fastened, and the clearance should be minimized to ensure that the displacement is effective. Transferred to the kettle, the components between the actuator 51 and the clamp 4 are kept coaxial, and are kept perpendicular to the kettle lid 32 of the autoclave 3 .

The kettle cover 32 of the autoclave 3 is provided with two through holes extending along the thickness direction, one of which is used to place a thermocouple, and the other is used to connect a water pipe. The rim is inserted radially, and then passes through the kettle cover 32 axially downwards to enter the environment chamber of the autoclave 3, so as to maintain the test set temperature in the autoclave 3.

In this way, when the testing machine is used for the fretting wear test, first, the two workpieces are clamped and fixed by the fixture 4: the plate 6 is clamped and fixed by the first clamping assembly 42, and the pipe 7 is clamped and fixed by the second clamping assembly 43. Hold fixed, and the upper clamp body 422 and the balance shaft 56 are in the state of lifting upwards. First adjust the second adjustment element 466 so that the support screw 465 is against the spring stopper 463, and continue to adjust the second adjustment element 466 so that the first stop 421 and the second stop 431 move leftward and rightward respectively along the horizontal direction , so that a certain space is vacated between the pipe 7 and the plate 6, and then the middle beam 13 is lifted and lowered, so that the actuator 51, the connecting shaft 55 and the balance shaft 56 are lowered together with the upper clamp body 422, so that the upper clamp body 422 is vertically Lock the middle beam 13 after falling to a suitable position in the above-mentioned space in the vertical direction. At this time, adjust the second adjustment element 466 again, so that the support screw 465 is separated from the spring stopper 463, the first stopper 421 and the second stopper 431 move toward each other and move to the middle along the horizontal direction, the right end of the first stopper 421 The rolling element 423 pushes against the groove 422a at the left end of the upper clamping body 422, and at this time the pipe material 7 and the plate material 6 are in contact. Then, adjust the first adjusting element 464 according to the pressing force value required by the test, thereby driving the adjusting screw 461, so that the adjusting screw sleeve 462 drives the spring baffle 463 to move left and right in the horizontal direction, and then adjust the compression amount of the spring 468, that is, adjust the compression. Tightness value.

Then, the kettle body 31 of the autoclave 3 is raised vertically and fixedly connected with the kettle cover 31 to form a closed environmental chamber, and a high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment is provided to the autoclave 3 through a high temperature and high pressure water circulation system, The fretting wear test can be carried out through the continuous excitation of the actuator 51. During the test, the loading state of the loading device 5 and the environmental control state of the high temperature and high pressure water circulation system are monitored and recorded in real time by the monitoring and recording system.

In summary, the high temperature and high pressure water or steam environment fretting wear test machine of the present invention, the test machine can simulate the temperature, pressure and water chemical conditions of the primary and secondary circuits of nuclear power plants for small displacement amplitude, high vibration frequency fretting friction Wear test; the testing machine can carry out sliding wear test or impact wear test, the contact mode between the friction pairs can be point, line, surface contact, the measurement can get the friction coefficient and wear coefficient between the friction pairs; the test machine The verticality and horizontality are conveniently adjusted, which ensures the coaxiality and verticality of the loading device 5; the reasonable layout of each component ensures that the load and displacement loading of the testing machine are effective and reliable; the load control and measurement accuracy are high, and can be The friction force between friction pairs is obtained quantitatively.

The above-mentioned embodiments are only to illustrate the technical concept and characteristics of the present invention, and the purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly, and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. high-temperature high pressure water or a steam ambient fretting apparatus, test for the fretting wear under high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient between the first workpiece and second workpiece, it is characterized in that, described testing machine comprises:

Frame;

Autoclave, comprises kettle and kettle cover, and described kettle can match with described kettle cover and form an airtight environmental chamber, and at least one parts in described kettle and kettle cover are liftably located in described frame;

Fixture, described fixture is located in described environmental chamber, described fixture at least comprises the fixture mount for being fixedly connected with described kettle cover, for clamping the first clamp assemblies of described first workpiece, for clamping the second clamp assemblies of described second workpiece, described first workpiece contacts in the horizontal direction with described second workpiece, described first clamp assemblies at least comprises a upper clamp body that can move up and down, described first workpiece is fixedly mounted on described upper clamp body, described fixture also comprises for providing described first workpiece and described second workpiece holding down assembly along horizontal left and right directions snap-in force,

Charger, comprise can be located to relatively described kettle cover oscilaltion in described frame and be positioned at the actuator above described autoclave, balancing shaft that coupling shaft that the displacement transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator upper end, the load transducer being fixedly arranged on described actuator lower end, upper end are connected to described load transducer, lower end are fixedly connected through described kettle cover and with described upper clamp body, the upper end of described balancing shaft and the lower end of described coupling shaft are fixedly connected;

Described testing machine also comprises for providing the described environmental chamber of described autoclave with the high temperature high pressure water circulation system of high-temperature high pressure water or steam ambient, for monitoring the monitoring and control recording system with the environmental Kuznets Curves state of the stress state and described high temperature high pressure water circulation system that record described charger.

2. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described kettle comprises the metal body with inner chamber, be located at the kettle flange of described metal body upper end for being connected with described kettle cover regularly, be wrapped in the heating jacket of perimembranous outside described metal body and described kettle flange, inside described metal body upper end, perimembranous has the concave station to lower recess, the lower end of described kettle cover has protrudes downwards and the boss that can match with described concave station, described autoclave also comprises the O-ring seal be located between described kettle and described kettle cover, when described kettle cover matches with described kettle, described boss matches with described concave station, and described O-ring seal is pressed between described boss and described concave station regularly.

3. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described actuator is electromagnetic exciting actuator, institute's displacement sensors, described load transducer are all positioned at the center position of described actuator at the two ends up and down of described actuator, and the upper end of described coupling shaft is fixedly connected by universal joint and described load transducer.

4. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, is characterized in that: described frame comprises lower bearing bracket body for installing described autoclave, for installing the upper spider body of described charger,

Described lower bearing bracket body comprise lower support plate that relative ground is fixedly installed, for fixedly mount support plate in described kettle cover, for be connected with described upper spider body upper bearing plate, to be located between described lower support plate and described middle support plate and the many support posts vertically extended, to be located between described upper bearing plate and described middle support plate and the many supporting upright posts vertically extended and adjusting post regularly regularly, described kettle is liftably on a described support post located therein;

Two guide upright posts that described upper spider body comprises the sill be fixed on described upper bearing plate, lower end is fixed on described sill two ends, be located at regularly two described guide upright post tops entablature, be located at middle cross beam between two described guide upright posts to oscilaltion, described actuator is fixedly mounted on described middle cross beam, is also provided with the locking mechanism for both being locked between described guide upright post and described middle cross beam.

5. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 1 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described balancing shaft is the pressure self-balancing tensile axis that can realize applied extension force self-equilibrating in described autoclave, described pressure self-balancing tensile axis is connected with described kettle cover motive seal and arranges.

6. according to the arbitrary described high-temperature high pressure water of claim 1 to 5 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described first clamp assemblies at least also comprises one can be located at the first block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second clamp assemblies at least comprises one can be located at the second block in described fixture mount with moving in left-right direction, described second workpiece is located at the side of described second block regularly and is contacted with described first workpiece, described first block and described first workpiece lay respectively at the different both sides of described upper clamp body, described first block to be kept out on described on clamp body in the horizontal direction, described holding down assembly is located between described first block and described second block.

7. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 6 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described in hold down assembly and comprise the adjusting screw(rod) can be located at rotatably around Pivot Point Center line on described first block, be threaded mutually with described adjusting screw(rod) and can be located to relative described adjusting screw(rod) side-to-side movement the Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw on described adjusting screw(rod), the spring stop be fixedly connected with described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw, extend in left-right direction and the studdle can be located at moving in left-right direction on described second block, the end of described studdle can be kept out on described spring stop or on described Adjusting bolt Adjusting screw in the horizontal direction, described hold down assembly also comprise in left-right direction extend and one end is located at the spring lever on described second block regularly, the other end of described spring lever is provided with locating part, the flexible member for providing along described spring lever axial pressing force is also provided with between described locating part and described spring stop.

8. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 7 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described spring stop offers the guide through hole that can pass axially through for described spring lever, described locating part is located at described spring lever and is passed on the described other end of described guide through hole vertically, described flexible member is be set in the spring on described spring lever, the two ends of described spring are kept out respectively on described locating part and described spring stop, described fixture mount is fixedly provided with limited block, described limited block is positioned at the phase heterodoxy of described spring lever with described second block in described fixture mount, described limited block offers limiting through hole, described spring lever passes axially through described limiting through hole, described locating part is positioned at outside described limiting through hole.

9. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 7 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described fixture also comprises the lower clamp body be located at regularly in described fixture mount, guiding and spacing the first limit assembly when the two ends, left and right of described lower clamp body are fixedly provided with respectively for providing described first block to move in left-right direction, for providing described second block to move in left-right direction time lead and the second spacing limit assembly

Described first limit assembly comprises vertically extend two first height blocks, extends and be fixed on the first fixation clip of the upper end of the first height block described in two along the longitudinal direction, described in two, the first height block lays respectively at the both sides, front and back of described first block, the first guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described first fixation clip and two described first height blocks, described first block has the first stopper, and described first stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described first guide channel;

Described second limit assembly comprises vertically extend two second height blocks, extends and be fixed on the second fixation clip of the second height block upper end described in two along the longitudinal direction, two described second height blocks lay respectively at the both sides, front and back of described second block, the second guide channel is formed between described lower clamp body and described second fixation clip and two described second height blocks, described second block has the second stopper, and described second stopper can be located in side-to-side movement in described second guide channel.

10. high-temperature high pressure water according to claim 6 or steam ambient fretting apparatus, it is characterized in that: described first workpiece is sheet material, described second workpiece is tubing, form point, line or face between described sheet material with described tubing to contact, and the position of the Contact of described sheet material and described tubing is positioned on the central axis of described coupling shaft and described balancing shaft.