CN104913839B - A kind of pulsation sensors based on optical fiber M Z interferometers - Google Patents
A kind of pulsation sensors based on optical fiber M Z interferometers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104913839B CN104913839B CN201510371888.4A CN201510371888A CN104913839B CN 104913839 B CN104913839 B CN 104913839B CN 201510371888 A CN201510371888 A CN 201510371888A CN 104913839 B CN104913839 B CN 104913839B
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M Z interferometers, including round metal housing, perceive optical fiber and joint, round metal housing is used to receive from by the stress wave signal of geodesic structure, the bottom surface of round metal housing is solid, optical fiber is perceived to be closely wound from the bottom to top and be pasted on the outer surface of round metal housing, joint is connected with perceiving the upper end of optical fiber, and joint is used to be connected with demodulated equipment.Pulsation sensors proposed by the present invention are compared with traditional sensor based on electricity, electromagnetism interference, can long-distance transmissions signal；Can Reusability, be easy to Practical Project to install.Meanwhile, its area occupied is small, is easy to carry.The sensor that multiple present invention are provided is installed in structure, by the way that to signal collected analysis, the positioning of structure movement damage can also be realized.Compared with directly pasting optical fiber, the sensor has higher reliability, economy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulsation sensors based on Fiber-M-Z interferometer.
Background technology
In the engineering fields such as building, machinery and space flight, the detection of structural damage or defect based on wave principle or real-time
On-line monitoring method is a kind of conventional lossless detection method, in fault of construction detection, Damage Assessment Method and structural health prison
Survey field has a wide range of applications.Such method can use seldom driver and sensor to realize distributed face detection,
Process is quick and efficient.Structure Damage Identification based on wave principle is broadly divided into two kinds：One is active detecting method, i.e.,
Use driver elastic stress wave, and in body structure surface and internal communication, pass through the pulsation sensors of diverse location in the structure
The fluctuation signal come via structure-borne is received, can recognize that the structural damage on stress wave propagation path is believed by analysis
Breath.Two be passive detection method, i.e., the usually said Structural Damage Identification based on acoustic emission principle.Acoustic emission sensor
The acoustic emission signal produced due to structural damage received is substantially also a kind of guided wave or stress wave signal, to sound emission
Signal analysis can obtain the information such as type, position and the degree of structural damage.Acoustic emission sensor is also a kind of fluctuation sensing
Device.
Traditional pulsation sensors use the component based on electrical principles to realize mostly, such as piezoelectric ceramics (PZT), magnetic
Cause telescopic element etc..Using the piezo-electric effect or magnetostrictive effect of above-mentioned sensing element mechanical quantity is finally changed into electricity come
Detected.But above-mentioned pulsation sensors have the following disadvantages in practical engineering application：1st, working band is narrow；2nd, easily by
Electromagnetic interference, causes noise excessive；3rd, it can not be used in high temperature under the adverse circumstances such as corrosion；4th, volume is larger, it is impossible to it is embedded compared with
Small inside configuration；5th, signal transmission distance is near, using being restricted in large scale structure monitoring.With traditional pulsation sensors
Compare, the pulsation sensors bandwidth based on optical fiber, not by electromagnetic interference, can be used in adverse circumstances, and generally volume
Small, sensitivity is high.In addition, optical signal is transmitted by optical fiber, it is possible to achieve actively fluctuation or acoustic emission monitor(ing) at a distance.Light
Fiber sensor can be divided into different types according to different optical parameters, such as intensity, phase, wavelength and polarization state are modulated,
And be used for the fluctuation signals such as stress wave, sound wave detection mainly have based on Mach-Zehnder (M-Z), Michelson, Fabry-
The pulsation sensors of the fibre optic interferometer principle such as Perot and Sagnac.Wherein Fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer frequency response
Scope is wide, principle is simple, technology maturation, detection sensitivity high and is widely studied.Fluctuation sensing based on M-Z fibre optic interferometers
Optical fiber is connected with the pickup arm of M-Z interferometers, when in the phase for the light wherein propagated and the light generation phase in reference arm optical fiber
Potential difference, that is, illustrate that optical fiber is by influence of fluctuations on pickup arm, its sensitivity is related to its length.Under normal circumstances, sent out for sound
Penetrate or during measure on stress pulse, to realize higher sensitivity, its length at least needs 1-2 meters.At present in the lab, generally with
Spiral shape, n shapes or simple laying over long distances are to obtain higher sensitivity, and distribution method is directly to be pasted in body structure surface
Optical fiber, and to reach higher sensitivity, the area that optical fiber is covered is generally larger, it has not been convenient to making in Practical Project
With；Meanwhile, optical fiber pulsation sensors for practical engineering application, conveniently installing and using also are there are no at present.
The content of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M-Z interferometers, and the sensor can be realized less
Longer Fibre Optical Sensor length is used on area.The sensor is pasted on body structure surface, stress wave can be with by waveguide material
The strain of optical fiber and refractive index in sensor are influenceed, light is changed along the light path of spread fiber, so that pickup arm and ginseng
Changed according to the phase difference of arm.
The technology used in the present invention is as follows：A kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M-Z interferometers, including metal shell
Body, perception optical fiber and joint, round metal housing are used to receive from by the stress wave signal of geodesic structure, the bottom surface of round metal housing
To be solid, perceive optical fiber and be closely wound from the bottom to top and be pasted on the outer surface of round metal housing, joint is upper with perception optical fiber
End connection, joint is used to be connected with demodulated equipment.
The present invention also has following technical characteristic：
1st, the making material of round metal housing 1 as described above and the material by geodesic structure, both acoustic impedances are close.
2nd, the thickness of round metal housing as described above is less than or equal to 1mm.
Pulsation sensors proposed by the present invention are compared with traditional sensor based on electricity, electromagnetism interference, can long distance
From transmission signal；Can Reusability, be easy to Practical Project to install.Meanwhile, its area occupied is small, is easy to carry.Pacify in structure
The sensor that multiple present invention are provided is filled, by the way that to signal collected analysis, the positioning of structure movement damage can also be realized.
Compared with directly pasting optical fiber, the sensor has higher reliability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural upright schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is section of structure of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the embodiment figure that the pulsation sensors are used for that supersonic guide-wave to be received in thin aluminum sheet.
When Fig. 4 is that in test stimulating frequency is respectively 75kHz and 125kHz, this sensing fixed using permanent adhesive
Device, the guided wave signals collected without amplifier.
When Fig. 5 is that in test stimulating frequency is respectively 75kHz and 125kHz, this sensing fixed using interim couplant
Device, the guided wave signals collected without amplifier.
Embodiment
Below according to Figure of description citing, the present invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1-2, a kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M-Z interferometers, including round metal housing 1, perception light
Fibre 2 and joint 3, round metal housing 1 are used to receive from by the stress wave signal of geodesic structure, and the bottom surface of round metal housing 1 is in fact
The heart, perceives optical fiber 2 and is closely wound from the bottom to top and is pasted on the outer surface of round metal housing, joint 3 and the upper end for perceiving optical fiber 2
Connection, joint 3 is used to be connected with demodulated equipment.Wherein the making material of round metal housing 1 is depended on by the material of geodesic structure, two
The acoustic impedance difference of person is the smaller the better.Close acoustic impedance is conducive to stress wave by sensor and by the interface between geodesic structure
Propagate to sensor surface.The diameter of round metal housing depends on light loss during fibre-optical bending, and radius is smaller, and light loss is tighter
Weight, radius is bigger, and sensor bulk is bigger, is unfavorable for installing and using.The thickness of round metal housing is smaller rigidity within 1mm
Housing deformation it is larger, it is possible to increase the sensitivity of sensor.The bottom surface of round metal housing, can be with structure maximum area to be solid
Contact, receives Wave energy as big as possible.The perception optical fiber 2 for being pasted on round metal surface of shell is opened by round metal housing bottom
Begin to wind.During winding, the optical fiber of adjacent turn can fit together, and to increase total coiling length, be wrapped on round metal housing
Fiber lengths be to be used to perceive the stress wave that receives from round metal housing bottom surface.Optical fiber is pasted on using epoxide-resin glue
Round metal surface of shell, in fiber outer surface also with epoxy resin glue to protect sensor fibre.For connecting Fibre Optical Sensor
The joint 3 of device to demodulated equipment welding can be carried out using FC joints, onsite application optical fiber splicer or other available optical fiber connect
Connect mode.
Embodiment 2
It is super for receive that ultrasonic drive excites as shown in figure 3, the present invention can be directly adhered to tested body structure surface
Sound wave or supersonic guide-wave.Piezoelectric ceramic piece is pasted with the thin aluminum sheet, AWG is applied a voltage into piezoelectricity pottery
The both positive and negative polarity of ceramics, is propagated available for excitation ultrasound guided wave in aluminium sheet.By the pulsation sensors that provide of the present invention with 502 or ring
Oxygen tree lipid strength adhesive is pasted on surface of aluminum plate, apart from 15 centimetres of piezoelectric ceramic piece, for perceiving supersonic guide-wave.Fluctuation is passed
The guided wave that sensor is received causes the light phase in M-Z interferometers between pickup arm and reference arm poor, is measured by photodetector,
Finally collected by oscillograph.As shown in figure 4, when in test stimulating frequency is respectively 75kHz and 125kHz, it is not amplified
The guided wave signals that this sensor of device is collected.As can be drawn from Figure 4, this sensor can effective detection to fluctuation signal.
Embodiment 3
The present invention is fixed on tested body structure surface using interim couplant, also can effectively ultrasonic wave, supersonic guide-wave or sound
Transmission signal.Be the same as Example 2, is propagated using piezoelectric ceramic piece excitation ultrasound guided wave in aluminium sheet.The fluctuation that the present invention is provided
Sensor is fixed on surface of aluminum plate with interim couplant butter, apart from 15 centimetres of piezoelectric ceramic piece, for perceiving supersonic guide-wave.Figure
5 is when in test stimulating frequency are respectively 70kHz and 100kHz, the guided wave letter collected without amplifier this sensor
Number.Drawn from Fig. 5, this sensor fixed using interim couplant also can effective detection to fluctuation signal, this method and tradition
Method is used for multiple times compared to more economically, conveniently.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M-Z interferometers, including round metal cylindrical shell, perception optical fiber and joint, its
It is characterised by：Round metal cylindrical shell is used to receive from by the stress wave signal of geodesic structure, the bottom surface of round metal cylindrical shell
To be solid, perceive optical fiber and be closely wound from the bottom to top and be pasted on the outer surface of round metal housing, joint is upper with perception optical fiber
End connection, joint is used to be connected with demodulated equipment.
2. a kind of optical fiber pulsation sensors based on M-Z interferometers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described
The thickness of round metal cylindrical shell is less than or equal to 1mm.
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| CN201510371888.4A CN104913839B (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2015-06-23 | A kind of pulsation sensors based on optical fiber M Z interferometers |
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| CN201510371888.4A CN104913839B (en) | 2015-06-23 | 2015-06-23 | A kind of pulsation sensors based on optical fiber M Z interferometers |
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| CN104913839B true CN104913839B (en) | 2017-08-29 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109374751B (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2021-05-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Optical fiber ring acoustic emission sensor and packaging method |
| CN112526000A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-19 | 北京北方车辆集团有限公司 | Optical fiber ring acoustic emission sensor and packaging method |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1604883A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-11-04 | Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Sensor using fiber optic interferometer |
| GB2125957A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1984-03-14 | Plessey Co Plc | Interferometers |
| EP0191589A2 (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-20 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Coherent distributed sensor and method using short coherence length sources |
| CN1076023A (en) * | 1992-10-12 | 1993-09-08 | 郑刚 | A kind of all optical fibre multifunction sensor |
| CN1076023C (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 2001-12-12 | 连津格股份公司 | Cellulose suspension production process |
| JP2010127705A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-06-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Fiber optic sensor |
| CN102269802A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Optical fiber interference type magnetic sensor probe |
| RO128068A2 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-28 | Institutul Naţional De Cercetare-Dezvoltare Pentru Optoelectronică - Inoe 2000 | Non-invasive method and device for detecting mines buried in the ground by using a solid state laser emitter for exciting sound waves in the ground and an optoelectronic acoustic sensor of the distributed feedback fiber-optic laser type |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01202629A (en) * | 1988-02-09 | 1989-08-15 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Mach-zehnder type interferometer |
| CN2076023U (en) * | 1989-09-21 | 1991-05-01 | 北京海淀中合技术开发部 | Small-size automatic folding machine |
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- 2015-06-23 CN CN201510371888.4A patent/CN104913839B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2125957A (en) * | 1982-03-18 | 1984-03-14 | Plessey Co Plc | Interferometers |
| AU1604883A (en) * | 1982-04-14 | 1983-11-04 | Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Sensor using fiber optic interferometer |
| EP0191589A2 (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-20 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Coherent distributed sensor and method using short coherence length sources |
| CN1076023A (en) * | 1992-10-12 | 1993-09-08 | 郑刚 | A kind of all optical fibre multifunction sensor |
| CN1076023C (en) * | 1995-04-19 | 2001-12-12 | 连津格股份公司 | Cellulose suspension production process |
| JP2010127705A (en) * | 2008-11-26 | 2010-06-10 | Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The | Fiber optic sensor |
| RO128068A2 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2012-12-28 | Institutul Naţional De Cercetare-Dezvoltare Pentru Optoelectronică - Inoe 2000 | Non-invasive method and device for detecting mines buried in the ground by using a solid state laser emitter for exciting sound waves in the ground and an optoelectronic acoustic sensor of the distributed feedback fiber-optic laser type |
| CN102269802A (en) * | 2011-07-13 | 2011-12-07 | 中国人民解放军国防科学技术大学 | Optical fiber interference type magnetic sensor probe |
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