CN104912537B - A kind of well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir - Google Patents
A kind of well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir, it is characterised in that the horizontal injection and production pattern that a set of big seam note, the plane adopted of crack interlock, longitudinal stereoscopic, rising pouring top are adopted is disposed in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir；Wherein, big seam note refers to the large fracture area that injection well is deployed in huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir, and crack adopts the gap area for referring to and extraction well being deployed in huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir；Plane, which is interlocked, refers to that injection well and extraction well are parallel to each other but just not right after projecting in plane；Longitudinal stereoscopic refers to that horizontal well different depth in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir is arranged in parallel, is forming three-dimensional well pattern in the section of main hole parallel to gravity direction；Rising pouring top adopts finger water injection well and is arranged in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir bottom, and extraction well is arranged at the top of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.The present invention can effectively solve huge thick hill reservoir well spacing problem, be a kind of effective well-arranging procedure of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of well-arranging procedure, and in particular to splits in a kind of huge thick buried hill being applied in oil and gas exploitation
Stitch the well net deployment method of oil reservoir.
Background technology
At present, existing well spacing technology is largely the oil-gas reservoir for structure type both at home and abroad, and fracture reservoir there is no
Ripe well spacing technology and well-arranging procedure, this is also resulted in fractured buried hill reservoir well spacing to the processing of same phenomenon because of people
And it is different, difference is larger.
Structure type oil-gas reservoir well spacing technology is to carry out well site deployment in practicable trap structure, has normal well pattern to borrow
Mirror.And fracture-type reservoir complex distribution, physical property change greatly, influenceed by tomography, crack and strong anisotropism, for this kind of oil
Hide, the key of well site deployment, which is not only, wants reservoir to exist, and is also contemplated that the physical difference of reservoir different parts, be certain
Fracture development and fracture strike are considered in degree, oil-water well relative position relation is considered, by oil-water well cloth in favored site.
The content of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, being split it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of huge thick buried hill being applied in oil and gas exploitation
Stitch the well net deployment method of oil reservoir.
To achieve the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme：A kind of well net deployment of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir
Method, it is characterised in that a set of big seam note is disposed in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir, the plane that crack is adopted is interlocked, longitudinal direction is vertical
The horizontal injection and production pattern that body, rising pouring top are adopted；Wherein, big seam note refers to is deployed in splitting greatly for huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir by injection well
Area is stitched, crack adopts the gap area for referring to and extraction well being deployed in huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir；Plane, which is interlocked, to be referred to injection well and adopts
Go out after well is projected in plane and be parallel to each other but just not right；Longitudinal stereoscopic refers to horizontal well in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir
Different depth is arranged in parallel, is forming three-dimensional well pattern in the section of main hole parallel to gravity direction；Adopt on rising pouring top
Refer to water injection well and be arranged in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir bottom, extraction well is arranged at the top of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.
In a preferred embodiment, the major fracture direction of horizontal well set direction and huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir into
45 ° of configuration relations, now horizontal injection well preferable injection-production relation will be formed with producing well so that injection ripples and body
Product is maximum, therefore Flooding Efficiency is preferably, and oil displacement efficiency is optimal.
In a preferred embodiment, if not being related to the accurate description in crack, the basic data of field is oozed in only hole,
The theoretical formula Equivalent Calculation fracture aperture between fracture aperture is then blended based on crack hole, large and small crack relative position is determined,
Oil-water well deployed position is instructed with this：
Assuming that large and small fracture development section filtration area is A, gap development section fracture length is hf1, fracture width is
b1, fracture spacing is n1；Large fracture development section fracture length is hf2, fracture width is b2, fracture spacing is n2, then split for small
Stitch development area：
Now, gap development area fracture porosityIt can be represented with the ratio of flaw area and rock sample seepage area：
From the pungent lek equation of cloth, the fluid flow q for flowing through unit length crack is：
In formula, μ is the dynamic viscosity of liquid；Dp/dx is barometric gradient；
It is h in gap development section fracture lengthf1In the case of, the liquid flow in whole cracks is flowed through in rock seepage area
Measuring Q is：
Again
Therefore
Introduce crack rock permeability KfThis parameter, is still represented the fluid flow of same rock, then by Darcy's law：
In formula, Kf1For the crack rock permeability of gap；
According to equivalent filtrational resistance principle：When two pieces of rock external geometric overall dimensions are identical, pressure difference, fluid viscosity are also identical
When, if two pieces of rock filtrational resistances are equal, showing as flow also should be equal, therefore formula (6) should be equal with formula (7), then：
It can be obtained by formula (9)：
It can be obtained by formula (10)：
It can similarly obtain, for large fracture region：
In formula,For the crack rock permeability of large fracture；For large fracture development area fracture porosity；
From formula (11) and formula (12)：
Fracture permeabgility is directly proportional to the ratio of fracture porosity to fracture width, therefore passes through fracture permeabgility and crack
Porosity is counter to push away fracture width, huge thick latent to instruct according to the relative size interpretation large fracture area of fracture width and gap area
Mountain fractured reservoir oil-water well well site deployment.
The present invention is due to taking above technical scheme, and it has advantages below：1st, the present invention oozes field according to crack hole, to huge
Thick hill reservoir prediction " big ", " small " fractue spacing region, consider that a set of " big seam note ", " crack is adopted " are put down based on fractue spacing
Face interlocks, the horizontal injection and production pattern of longitudinal stereoscopic, and horizontal well development is compared with straight well exploitation has that drainage area is big, individual well is produced
The features such as amount is high, penetration is big, reserves exploitation degree is high, horizontal well producing pressure differential is small in addition, can be with for bottom water buried hill oil pool
Rate of water cut increase is controlled to a certain degree, while application level well development can farthest ensure that chance is bored in crack, while by
Bottom water, which is dragged into influence, can improve sweep area, improve oil displacement efficiency." big seam note " water suction is strong, ensures stratum energy, " crack is adopted "
Control extraction well is aqueous to be risen there is provided production capacity guarantee, and both be combined with each other raising oil displacement efficiency.Injection well is handed over extraction well plane
Mistake can improve sweep efficiency, ensure oil displacement efficiency, and longitudinal stereoscopic can make full use of gravitational differentiation again, aid in the displacement of reservoir oil.
2nd, the present invention carried out in certain buried hill realistic model application verification consider the big big seam of seam note of application adopt, greatly seam note crack adopt, crack
The big seam of note is adopted adopts four kinds of patterns with crack note crack, disposes a note two and adopts well and verified, analog result shows that big seam notes small
Seam adopts development effectiveness preferably, and crack note crack is adopted and taken second place, and to adopt effect worst for the big seam of crack note.Big seam note crack adopts development mode
15 years tired oil-producings of development mode, which are adopted, compared with the big seam of crack note has more 4.6 ten thousand sides.The well net deployment method that the present invention is provided can be effective
The huge thick hill reservoir well spacing problem of solution, be a kind of effective well-arranging procedure of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is huge thick buried hill fissure development plan；
Fig. 2 is the well net deployment schematic diagram of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir；
Fig. 3 is horizontal well and oil reservoir major fracture direction into 0 °；
Fig. 4 is that horizontal well and oil reservoir major fracture direction are at 45 °；
Fig. 5 is that horizontal well and oil reservoir major fracture direction are in 90 °；
Fig. 6 is the three-dimensional flooding pattern schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is rock core gap ideograph；
Fig. 8 is rock core large fracture ideograph；
Fig. 9 is that different notes adopt tired oil-producing comparison diagram under pattern.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.It should be appreciated, however, that the offer of accompanying drawing is only
For a better understanding of the present invention, they should not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Before the well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir of the present invention is proposed, it is necessary first to which huge thick buried hill is split
Stitch oil reservoir and carry out related analysis, specifically include：
First, huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir characteristic analysis：
(1) the huge thickness of reservoir：Huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir effective thickness rice up to a hundred, or even upper km, longitudinal oil-containing amplitude are huge
Greatly.
(2) the longitudinal high angle in crack：By tectonic stress function influence, high angle is split in being developed huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir more
Seam.
(3) fracture planes subregion：Influenceed by fractue spacing, huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir fractue spacing in plane and longitudinal direction
Show strong anisotropism, there is " big ", " small " crack subregion (as shown in Figure 1), " large fracture area " have fracture spacing it is small,
The feature such as aperture is big, " gap area " has the features such as fracture spacing is big, aperture is small.
(4) there is directionality in crack：Huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir is influenceed by crustal stress, there is principal direction of stress, causes to split
There is directionality in seam.
2nd, well net deployment method is analyzed：
(1) well type for being adapted to huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir is analyzed：
(1) horizontal well development is compared with drainage area is big, well yield is high, penetration is big, reserves are dynamic with straight well exploitation
With degree it is high the features such as, horizontal well producing pressure differential is small in addition, and aqueous rising can be controlled to a certain degree for bottom water buried hill oil pool
Speed.
(2) because the generally development of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir is based on middle high angle frature, such as application straight well exploitation crack is bored
Encountering rate is low, causes very poor production capacity, formation fracture closure or causes too fast water logging because linking up bottom water, it is difficult to ensures development benefit.And
Application level well development can farthest ensure that chance is bored in crack, while being dragged into by bottom water influences that sweep area can be improved, carry
High oil displacement efficiency.
In summary, it is considered to horizontal well development (as shown in Figure 2) is disposed in huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir.
(2) horizontal well is analyzed with fractuer direction：
In view of horizontal well in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir is developed there is huge advantage and fractured reservoir to be split in the presence of master
The feature of direction (i.e. crack principal direction of stress) is stitched, horizontal well angle different from the major fracture direction of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir is matched somebody with somebody
Comparing effect of reservoir development also has certain influence.Present invention hair considers horizontal well well spacing direction and huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir
Development effectiveness is analyzed into 0 °, 45 ° and 90 ° different angle in major fracture direction：
As shown in figure 3, when horizontal well well spacing direction and major fracture direction are into 0 °, horizontal injection well (well) injection water meeting
Along the large fracture passage channelling vertical with major fracture, with extraction well (oil well) high-speed communication, influence swept volume and displacement of reservoir oil effect
Rate.
As shown in figure 4, when horizontal well well spacing direction and major fracture are in 90 °, horizontal injection well injection water can be along numerous
Major fracture displacement forward, with extraction well link up rapidly, cause extraction well it is aqueous it is rapid rising and closing well, have a strong impact on oil reservoir development
Effect.
As shown in figure 5, when horizontal well well spacing direction and major fracture direction are at 45 °, horizontal injection well will be with extraction well
Preferable injection-production relation is formed, water swept volume maximum is injected compared with both the above scheme, therefore Flooding Efficiency is preferably,
Oil displacement efficiency is optimal.
In summary, for huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir development, horizontal well set direction and huge thick buried hill fissure oil
The major fracture direction configuration relation at 45 ° of Tibetan.
(3) well pattern is analyzed：
In view of the fracture planes partition characteristics of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir, are influenceed to split in the presence of " big ", " small " by fractue spacing
Stitch subregion, and " large fracture area " feature that has that fracture spacing is small, aperture is big etc., " gap area " has that fracture spacing is big, aperture
The feature such as small, " large fracture area " should be deployed in by considering injection well, and " big seam note " water suction is strong, ensures stratum energy；Produce well
It should be deployed in " gap area ", " crack is adopted " control extraction well is aqueous to be risen there is provided production capacity guarantee, and both be combined with each other to improve and driven
Oily efficiency.
3rd, oil-water well deployed position is analyzed
Studied based on more than, it is to realize " big seam note, crack to ensure one of key factor of huge thick buried hill oil pool production capacity
Adopt " this well net deployment pattern, oil-water well deployed position is most important.
(1) buried hill fissure description is assumed, particularly " large and small seam " relative position description is clear and definite.
" large and small seam " relative position description clearly under the premise of, oil-water well relative position follow interlock in the plane,
Three-dimensional flooding pattern on longitudinal direction, that is, dispose a set of " big seam note ", the plane of " crack is adopted " interlock, the flooding pattern of longitudinal stereoscopic
(as shown in Figure 6), will specifically accomplish two aspects：1. plane, which is interlocked, refers to that injection well (well) and extraction well (oil well) are thrown
Shadow is parallel to each other but just not right to after in plane, can so improve sweep efficiency, ensures oil displacement efficiency；2. longitudinal stereoscopic is
Refer to horizontal well different depth in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir it is arranged in parallel, parallel to gravity direction perpendicular to main hole
Section in form three-dimensional well pattern, horizontal well can improve individual well crack Drilling ratio, it is ensured that production capacity, three-dimensional well pattern again can be abundant
Using gravitational differentiation, the displacement of reservoir oil is aided in.Meanwhile, flooding pattern adopts pattern, i.e. water injection well using rising pouring top and is arranged in oil reservoir bottom
Portion, extraction well is arranged at the top of oil reservoir, realizes that bottom water is dragged into a certain degree.
(2) if not being related to the accurate description in crack, the basic datas such as field are oozed in only hole, then can be oozed based on crack hole
Theoretical formula Equivalent Calculation fracture aperture between fracture aperture, it is determined that " big ", " small " crack relative position, oil is instructed with this
Well deployed position.
Theory relation between the permeability and fracture porosity and fracture aperture of fracture medium can be proved by following：
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, it is assumed that large and small fracture development section filtration area is A, gap development section fracture length is
hf1, fracture width is b1, fracture spacing is n1；Large fracture development section fracture length is hf2, fracture width is b2, fracture spacing is
n2, then for gap development area：
Now, gap development area fracture porosityIt can be represented with the ratio of flaw area and rock sample seepage area：
From the pungent lek equation of cloth, the fluid flow q for flowing through unit length crack is：
In formula, μ is the dynamic viscosity of liquid；Dp/dx is barometric gradient.
It is h in gap development section fracture lengthf1In the case of, the liquid flow in whole cracks is flowed through in rock seepage area
Measuring Q is：
Again
Therefore
Introduce crack rock permeability KfThis parameter, is still represented the fluid flow of same rock, then by Darcy's law：
In formula, Kf1For the crack rock permeability of gap.
According to equivalent filtrational resistance principle：When two pieces of rock external geometric overall dimensions are identical, other seepage flow conditions (such as pressure difference,
Fluid viscosity etc.) it is also identical when, if two pieces of rock filtrational resistances are equal, showing as flow also should be equal, therefore formula (6) and formula
(7) should be equal, then：
It can be obtained by formula (9)：
It can be obtained by formula (10)：
It can similarly obtain, for large fracture region：
In formula,For the crack rock permeability of large fracture；For large fracture development area fracture porosity.
From formula (11) and formula (12)：
Fracture permeabgility is directly proportional to the ratio of fracture porosity to fracture width, thus can by fracture permeabgility and
Fracture porosity is counter to push away fracture width, huge to instruct according to the relative size interpretation large fracture area of fracture width and gap area
Thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir oil-water well well site deployment.
Using the thinking of the present invention, application verification is carried out in certain buried hill realistic model.Target area reservoir thickness is 180m
All there is strong anisotropism in left and right, fracture development, be typical huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir in plane and longitudinal direction.According to meter
Big seam region and crack region are determined in calculation, it is considered to the big big seam of seam note of application adopts, greatly seam note crack adopt, the big seam of crack note adopt with it is small
Seam note crack adopts four kinds of patterns (as shown in Figure 9), disposes a note two and adopts well and verified and (ensures same well spacing and corresponding pass
System), analog result shows that big seam note crack adopts development effectiveness preferably, and crack note crack, which is adopted, to take second place, and the big seam of crack note adopts effect
It is worst.Big seam note crack, which adopts development mode and adopts 15 years tired oil-producings of development mode compared with the big seam of crack note, has more 4.6 ten thousand sides.
The various embodiments described above are only used for having carried out further specifically the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect
It is bright, it is not intended to limit the invention, within the spirit and principles of the invention, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements done
Deng should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir, it is characterised in that in the middle part of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir
Affix one's name to the horizontal injection and production pattern that a set of big seam note, the plane adopted of crack interlock, longitudinal stereoscopic, rising pouring top are adopted；Wherein, big seam note refers to
Injection well is deployed in the large fracture area of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir, crack adopts finger and extraction well is deployed in into huge thick buried hill fissure oil
The gap area of Tibetan；Plane, which is interlocked, refers to that injection well and extraction well are parallel to each other but just not right after projecting in plane；Longitudinal direction
Solid refers to that horizontal well different depth in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir is arranged in parallel, parallel to gravity direction perpendicular to
Three-dimensional well pattern is formed in the section of main hole；Rising pouring top adopts finger injection well and is arranged in huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir bottom, produces
Well is arranged at the top of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.
2. a kind of well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that horizontal well side
To selection and the major fracture direction configuration relation at 45 ° of huge thick buried hill fissure oil reservoir.
3. the well net deployment method of huge thick buried hill fracture reservoir as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that if not having
On the accurate description in crack, the basic data of field is oozed in only hole, then the theory blended based on crack hole between fracture aperture is public
Formula Equivalent Calculation fracture aperture, determines large and small crack relative position, and injection well and extraction well deployed position are instructed with this：
Assuming that large and small fracture development section filtration area is A, gap development section fracture length is hf1, fracture width is b1, split
Seam density is n1；Large fracture development section fracture length is hf2, fracture width is b2, fracture spacing is n2, then developed for gap
Area：
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<mi>b</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>12</mn>
<mo>*</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&phi;</mi>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mn>1</mn>
</msub>
</msub>
<mo>*</mo>
<mn>100</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msqrt>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>11</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
It can similarly obtain, for large fracture region：
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>b</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
<mo>=</mo>
<msqrt>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>12</mn>
<mo>*</mo>
<msub>
<mi>K</mi>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</msub>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<msub>
<mi>&phi;</mi>
<msub>
<mi>f</mi>
<mn>2</mn>
</msub>
</msub>
<mo>*</mo>
<mn>100</mn>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
</msqrt>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mo>-</mo>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>12</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
In formula,For the crack rock permeability of large fracture；For large fracture development area fracture porosity；
From formula (11) and formula (12)：
Fracture permeabgility is directly proportional to the ratio of fracture porosity to fracture width, therefore passes through fracture permeabgility and fracture pore
Degree is counter to push away fracture width, according to the relative size interpretation large fracture area of fracture width and gap area, to instruct huge thick buried hill to split
The well site deployment of seam property oil reservoir injection well and extraction well.
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| CN105738252B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2018-12-14 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | The measurement method of the flowable aperture boundary of viscous crude in a kind of crack |
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| CN113047823B (en) * | 2021-04-08 | 2023-01-24 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and device for determining horizontal well spacing strategy |
| CN112943211B (en) * | 2021-05-06 | 2022-08-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司青海油田分公司 | Horizontal well spacing method applied to carbonate reservoir |
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