CN104911744A - Multicomponent Aliphatic Polyester Fibers - Google Patents
Multicomponent Aliphatic Polyester Fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN104911744A CN104911744A CN201410588149.6A CN201410588149A CN104911744A CN 104911744 A CN104911744 A CN 104911744A CN 201410588149 A CN201410588149 A CN 201410588149A CN 104911744 A CN104911744 A CN 104911744A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/14—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic yarns or filaments produced by welding
- D04H3/147—Composite yarns or filaments
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides multicomponent thermoplastic fibers that are biodegradable and that are capable of forming strong bonds in air bonding processes. In various embodiments, the multicomponent fibers can include a first polymer component that includes a first aliphatic polyester, and a second polymer component also including an aliphatic polyester, wherein the first polymer component comprises at least a portion of an exposed surface of the multicomponent fiber. The first polymer component can be a fully amorphous polylactic acid and the second polymer component can be a semicrystalline polylactic acid. The multicomponent fiber can have cross-sectional area comprising the first polymer component and the second polymer component in about a 1:1 ratio, wherein the first polymer component and the second polymer component are configured in a sheath/core arrangement.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to a kind of multicomponent thermoplastic fibre.Particularly, this fiber can present useful bonding characteristics, such as, in heat bonding process, comprises the heat bonding process not needing to use pressure.
Background technology
Synthetic fiber are widely used in many different application, are used to provide stronger, product that is thinner and more light weight.(thermal (thermobondable)) of synthetic thermoplastic fiber normally Thermoadhesive, and be therefore very noticeable in the manufacture of supatex fabric, or independent or with other fiber combinations (such as cotton, wool, and wood pulp).The component being used as various goods widely transferred by supatex fabric, includes but not limited to, absorbent personal care, such as diaper, incontinence pad, sanitary towels, and similar products; Curable product, such as surgical drage, sterilization infantees, and similar products; Filter; Lining cloth; Wet tissue; Furniture and bedding structure; Clothes; Insulating materials; With other application.
But traditional synthetic thermoplastic fiber can not natural degradation, therefore this just causes the relevant issues of the product disposed containing this fiber.Particularly, the goods that recirculation comprises the mixture of natural fabric and conventional synthetic fiber are not generally economical, but, a large amount of nondegradable refuses will be formed at these goods of refuse landfill process.When refuse landfill reaches capacity, just more need in disposable products, mix the better material of degradability, also more need to design the product that can be processed by the method except dropping into solid waste disposal facility.
In order to solve the problem of solid waste disposal, biodegradable polymer more and more uses as the substitute of conventional synthesis polymer.The biodegradable polymer attracted people's attention comprises water-soluble polymer, such as polyvinyl alcohol; The polymer such as mosanom and microorganism metallurgy of natural synthesis; Hydrolyzable aliphatic polyester and polyether polyols with reduced unsaturation; With similar polymer.Synthesising biological degradable aliphatic polyester comprises PGA and polylactic acid polymer.See, such as, the U.S. patent No. 5,166,231; 5,506,041; 5,759,569; 5,171,309; 6,177,193; 6,441,267; 6,953,622 and 7,338,877, they are by reference to whole introducing.
What attract people's attention especially is use lactic acid to manufacture biodegradable resin.It is biodegradable polymer as curable product that PLA (hereinafter referred to as " PLA ") is suggested at first.The U.S of the people such as Gruber No. Pant 5,142,023 and 5,807,973, disclose and prepare non-medical rank PLA and the method be applied in supatex fabric, they are by reference to whole introducing.The example of the Biodegradable fibers be made up of polylactic acid polymer and/or copolymer is completely shown in the U.S. patent No. 5,010,145 and 5,760,144, and they are by reference to whole introducing.Also with reference to the U.S. patent No. 5,698,322 and 5,593,778 (relating to the bicomponent fibers comprising PLA component), they are by reference to whole introducing.
Biodegradable material is successfully added in disposable absorbent products, provide once product service life at the end of abandon multiple approach of product.First, these goods easily and effectively can be processed by compost.Or disposable products can easily and effectively be processed in liquid sewage system, and disposable absorbent products can be degraded wherein.
Although Biodegradable fibers is known, in their use, encounter problem.Such as, can in conjunction with (hot calendering bonding) when known Biodegradable fibers melts under stress, but this fibrid may can not form strong combination, such as hot blast (air bonding) adhesion process in other processes.Further, the adhesive fiber of many routines presents contraction at the temperature of hot blast adhesion, because during at the temperature of adhesive component deliquescing or flowing or higher than this temperature, fiber can not heat setting, but in bonding, fiber must be exposed to high enough temp and to get off the melt flow characteristics of adhesive component needed for obtaining.Therefore, need to provide a kind of complete Biodegradable fibers that can form strong combination in hot blast adhesion process.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides multicomponent thermoplastic fibre, it is biodegradable and it is useful in heat bonding process, particularly hot blast adhesion process.Multicomponent fibre can be selected from by continuous fibril, staple fibre, spun-bonded type fibril and fibrous group of melt-blown.In various embodiments, multicomponent fibre comprises the first polymers compositions containing the first aliphatic polyester, and the second polymers compositions also containing aliphatic polyester, and wherein the first polymers compositions forms the exposed surface of multicomponent fibre at least partially.In some embodiments, about 5% or larger, about 15% or larger, about 25% or larger, about 50% or larger, or about 75% or the exposed surface of larger multicomponent fibre can be formed by the first polymers compositions.In one preferred embodiment, whole exposed surfaces of multicomponent fibre can be formed by the first polymers compositions.In addition, multicomponent fibre can have cross section, and this region comprises the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions, and ratio is about 1: 9 to about 9: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 3: 1.In some embodiments, the ratio of cross section is approximately 1: 1.
In various embodiments, the first polymers compositions is PLA.In some embodiments, the first polymers compositions comprises complete unbodied PLA, and wherein in unbodied PLA, the content of d-isomer is about 5% or larger, or about 8% or larger.In addition, in various embodiments, when according to melt flows experiment ASTM D1238 at 210 DEG C of temperature and when using 2160g basic weight to evaluate, the possible melt flow index of the first polymers compositions is about 30 or larger.In various embodiments, the melt flow index of the first polymers compositions is about 45 or larger, or about 60 or larger.In some embodiments, first polymers compositions further can comprise additive, this additive adapts to one or both following situations, improves melt flow rate (MFR) and the viscosity of the first polymers compositions under being reduced in target tack temperature of the first polymers compositions.Therefore, additive can reduce the temperature that gratifying bonding can occur.Tack temperature can deliquescing or flowing can make contiguous fiber bonding define fully with the first polymers compositions at such a temperature, and wherein the second polymers compositions can not deliquescing, flowing or fusing, thus the fiber shape of multicomponent fibre is kept.Additive reduces by 10 DEG C or more measure existence with the tack temperature enough making multicomponent fibre gratifying bonding occurs.This is favourable, because in traditional hot blast adhesion, the gratifying tack temperature that shell component needs may higher than core component or deliquescing or melting or the temperature being retracted to unacceptable degree.Therefore, reducing tack temperature can provide energy to save, improves linear speed, and a kind of feasible selection of binder fiber hot blast adhesion being become disclose here, and traditional fibre is only confined to the method adopting pressure bonding, as hot calendering bonding or point bond.
In the different embodiments of multicomponent fibre, the first polymers compositions the first molecular weight defines, and the second polymers compositions the second molecular weight defines.Further, the first polymers compositions can comprise additive, and the first molecular weight is enough reduced to the first reduction molecular weight by the amount of this additive.In various embodiments, first reduces molecular weight and is less than the first molecular weight about 10% or more.Such as, the first ratio reducing molecular weight and the first molecular weight is about 0.9 or lower, or about 0.85 or lower.In addition, the weight ratio of the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions can change.Such as, in some embodiments, the molecular weight that the first polymers compositions can have be the second polymers compositions molecular weight about 90% or lower, or about 85% or lower, or about 80% or lower.In some embodiments, the first polymers compositions can comprise molecular weight reduction additive.In various embodiments, the first polymers compositions can comprise about 0.5 % by weight to the about molecular weight of 8 % by weight reduction additive.In further embodiment, exemplary molecular weight reduces additive can be selected from pentaerythrite, water, NaOH, hydrated alumina trihydrate, ethylene glycol and their combination.
In various embodiments, the second polymers compositions is PLA.In some embodiments, the second polymers compositions comprises hypocrystalline PLA, and wherein in hypocrystalline PLA, the content of dextrorotation component is about 2% or less, and about 1% or less, or about 0.6% or less.In some embodiments, second polymers compositions comprises the mixture of the first hypocrystalline PLA and the second hypocrystalline PLA, wherein in this first hypocrystalline PLA, the content of dextrorotation component is about 1.2% or less, and in this second hypocrystalline PLA, the content of dextrorotation component is about 2% or less.The ratio of this mixture can be about 10: 90 to about 90: 10 or about 25: 75 to about 75: 25.In various embodiments, the melt temperature of the second polymers compositions is about 160 DEG C or higher.
Present invention addresses the known problem of the acceptable bonding of binder fiber in hot blast adhesion process related in this area.Particularly, the feature of the fiber of the present invention's disclosure for can resist contraction in heating process.In some embodiments, this fiber can define with good Heat Shrinkage value.Particularly, according to the fiber that the present invention discloses, the Heat Shrinkage value that can be defined as when being in hot blast adhesion environment is less than 20%, is preferably less than 15%, and is preferredly less than about 10%.Especially, Heat Shrinkage value can be assessed when being exposed under the air of about 130 DEG C about 5 minutes.Contraction can be assessed under different temperature and time length, depends on the target tack temperature of multicomponent fibre in embodiment.
In addition, disclosure of the present invention provides a kind of fabric, and it comprises multiple heat bonding multicomponent fibre as described herein.In specific embodiment, the tensile strength that this fabric can present is every gram of about 500 gram forces of fabric weight to about 4500 gram forces or larger.In further embodiment, can present tensile strength according to a kind of thermal bonded nonwoven fabric disclosed is about 150 gram forces or larger, the length of sample fabric and width are respectively about 1.5 inches and about 2 inches, and its weight is about 0.1 gram to about 0.3 gram.
Especially, it is about 150 gram forces or larger that multicomponent fibre of the present invention is applicable to the bonded web intensity giving bound nonwovens, this fabric comprises multicomponent fibre as unique adhesive, wherein bonded web intensity measures with the nonwoven web of combing, this net comprises the multicomponent fibre of 75 % by weight PLA 6202D fibers and 25 % by weight, its length is about 1.5 inches, width is approximately 2 inches, and weight is about 0.1 gram to about 0.3 gram, and this net is in bonding stove, stops at 130 DEG C and carry out hot blast adhesion in 12 seconds.
In various embodiments, a kind of method manufacturing fabric, comprise and multiple multicomponent fibre is provided, each has the surface of exposure, wherein each multicomponent fibre comprises the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions, and wherein the first polymers compositions formed each multicomponent fibre at least with a part expose surface; The multiple multicomponent fibre of hot blast adhesion.In some embodiments, bonding can be carried out at the temperature of about 80 DEG C to about 150 DEG C.Second polymers compositions can have the melt temperature being greater than tack temperature especially.
Here the fiber disclosed can also for the manufacture of other material.Such as, the present invention discloses and also comprises the spun yarn comprising fiber in the present invention.In other non-limitative example, the material that can comprise fiber of the present invention comprises plug (plugs), tow, filler, cable (ropes), rope (cords), and similar.
Brief Description Of Drawings
As above to invention has been general description, now with reference to corresponding accompanying drawing, they proportionally must not carry out picture, and wherein:
Fig. 1 is the viewgraph of cross-section of an exemplary shell/core multicomponent fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the viewgraph of cross-section of second exemplary shell/core multicomponent fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplary " island (islands in the sea) " multicomponent fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplary Parallel (side-by-side) multicomponent fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplary fan limit shape (pie-wedge) multicomponent fibre of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplary multi-leaf-shaped (multi-lobal) multicomponent fibre of the present invention.
Describe in detail
To be described more fully the present invention now.The present invention's possibility, describes different embodiments, but can not be interpreted as being limited to the embodiment of stating here; There is provided these embodiments to be to thoroughly and fully disclose the present invention, and all sidedly scope of the present invention is conveyed to those skilled in the art.As used singulative " " in the specification and in the claims, " one ", and " this " comprises plural referents, unless the instruction that context is clear and definite in addition.The weight (that is, all components) in addition to water based on dry component is referred to about " dry weight percentage " or " dry weight base ".
The present invention discloses and provides a kind of multicomponent thermoplastic fibre, and it is biodegradable and forms strong bonding in heat bonding process.Multicomponent fibre can comprise the first polymers compositions, and this component comprises the first aliphatic polyester, and the second polymers compositions, and this component comprises the second aliphatic polyester, and wherein the first polymeric component forms multicomponent fibre exposed surface at least partially.In some embodiments used herein, the surface of exposure can refer to multicomponent fibre transverse cross-sectional area circumference at least partially.In further embodiment, the surface of exposure can comprise and is exposed to arbitrary fibre surface area in surrounding environment.
Term used herein " fiber " both can refer to the fiber limiting length, and such as traditional short fiber, also can refer to continuous print structure substantially, such as continuous fibril, unless otherwise indicated.Fiber of the present invention can be the fiber of hollow or non-hollow, and further can have an automatic adjustment or the cross section of annular, or non-circular (such as, oval, rectangle, leafy, and similar) cross section.
As used herein, term " multicomponent fibre " comprises short fiber and continuous fibers, is prepared by two or more polymer of the discrete structural region be present in fiber, different from mixture, this region disperses often in the mixture, random, or non-structured.Just to illustrating, current theme describes according to an exemplary bicomponent fiber usually, and this fiber comprises two kinds of polymers compositionss.But this should be understood to that scope of the present invention means the fiber that comprises and have two kinds or more kinds of structural constituent and is not limited to exemplary bicomponent fiber described below.Although invention is not limited to two kinds of components, term first component and second component are used for making the description of invention easier from start to finish.
Usually, polymers compositions is arranged to substantially, is arranged in obvious region continuously, runs through the cross section of many groups two points of fibers, and constantly extends along the length direction of multicomponent fibre.The form of fiber shape and component wherein, depends on the equipment used in fiber manufacturing process, processing conditions, and the melt viscosity of different component.Fibre morphology in the present invention may be diversified.The cross section of multicomponent fibre especially can be circular, because the equipment being usually used in production multi-components synthetic fiber produces the fiber with basic circular cross section usually; But other cross sections are also involved.First component of circular cross-section can be concentric or bias with the form of second component, the latter is sometimes understood to " improvement parallel " or " eccentric " multicomponent fibre.
Fig. 1 is the viewgraph of cross-section of exemplifying multicomponent fibre, and this fiber is generally designated as 10.Multicomponent fibre 10 is shell/core fibres, comprises at least two kinds of structuring polymer components: (i) shell component, and it comprises the first polymers compositions 2; (ii) core component in, it comprises the second polymers compositions 2.
Core (the second polymers compositions 4 is formed) can be concentric, as shown in Figure 1.Or core can be eccentric, as shown in Figure 2, which depict a kind of shell/core fibre 10 of bias.Eccentric shell/core fibre 10 is identical with the embodiment of Fig. 1 in fact, except core (the second polymers compositions 4 is formed) is arranged in shell (the first polymers compositions 2 is formed) prejudicially.
The feature of concentric form is, shell component has thickness unified substantially, and therefore core component is positioned at the center of fiber substantially, as shown in Figure 1.Contrast eccentric form, as shown in Figure 2, the thickness of its mesochite component is various, and therefore core component is not positioned at the center of fiber.Concentric shell/core fibre can be defined as, and based on the diameter of shell/core multicomponent fibre, the deviation at the center deviation shrinking away from theshell component center of core component is not more than about 0 to about 20%, is preferably not more than about 0 to about 10%.
Other structural fibers forms well known in the art also can use.Such as, Fig. 3 describes another favourable embodiment of the present invention, and wherein multicomponent fibre 10 of the present invention is " matrix " or " island " fiber types, it has multiple inside, or " island " polymers compositions, by the matrix of outside, or " sea " polymers compositions around.Island component can be arranged in the matrix of sea component substantial uniformly, as shown in Figure 3.Or island component can be dispersed in extra large matrix randomly.In various embodiments, extra large polymers compositions comprises the first polymers compositions 2.In various embodiments, island polymers compositions comprises the second polymers compositions 4.
Fig. 4 also illustrates another embodiment of the invention; That is, a kind of parallel multicomponent fibre 10, wherein the first polymers compositions 2 and the second polymers compositions 4 are arranged as parallel relation.Fig. 5 illustrates an embodiment of the invention, and wherein the form of multicomponent fibre 10 is the shape arrangement of fan limit, and wherein the first polymers compositions 2 and the second polymers compositions 4 are arranged as wedge shape alternately.
Multicomponent fibre of the present invention also can comprise multi-lobal fibers, and this fiber has three or more arms, or leaf, stretches out from its core.Fig. 6 is the sectional view of exemplifying multi-lobal fibers 10.Fiber 10 comprise second polymers compositions 4 formed central core, and the first polymers compositions 2 formed from the outward extending arm of central core or leaf.
The different embodiments of multicomponent fibre, its cross section comprises the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions, and its ratio is approximately 1: 9 to about 9: 1, or about 1: 3 to about 3: 1.In some embodiments, the ratio of the first polymers compositions of comprising of the transverse cross-sectional area of multicomponent fibre and the second polymers compositions is approximately 1.5: 2.5 to about 2.5 to 1.5.In one preferred embodiment, the ratio of the first polymers compositions of comprising of the transverse cross-sectional area of multicomponent fibre and the second polymers compositions is approximately 1: 1.In various embodiments, the mass ratio of the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions is about 90: 10 to about 10: 90.
Describe in the different embodiment of multicomponent fibre here, the first polymers compositions can form the outer surface of the exposure of multicomponent fibre at least partially.In some embodiments, about 5% or larger, about 15% or larger, about 25% or larger, about 50% or larger, or about 75% or the multicomponent fibre surface of larger exposure can be formed by the first polymers compositions.In one preferred embodiment, the surface of whole exposure of multicomponent fibre can be formed by the first polymers compositions.
In the different embodiments of multicomponent fibre that here face describes, the polymers compositions of multicomponent fibre can be formed by different or identical polymer.As used herein, " identical " polymer refers to polymers compositions and has same or similar chemical formula; But the mobile performance of each polymers compositions under target tack temperature may be different.The performance that polymers compositions flows at a certain temperature and degree of crystallinity, molecular weight, relevant with the plasticiser that may exist.First polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions can be all aliphatic polyesters.The example of aliphatic polyester that can be useful in the present invention, include, but are not limited to, fibre-forming polymer, it by (1) glycol (such as, ethene, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexylene glycol, ethohexadiol or decanediol) or oligomer (such as diethylene glycol (DEG) or triethylene glycol) and aliphatic dicarboxylic acid (the such as butanedioic acid of ethylene glycol, adipic acid, adipic acid or decanedioic acid) be combined to form, or formed by the auto polymerization of (2) hydroxycarboxylic acid except PLA, described hydroxycarboxylic acid such as poly butyric ester, poly-adipic acid second diester, poly-adipic acid fourth diester, polyhexamethylene adipate, and comprise their copolymer.The example of aliphatic polyester comprises, but be not limited to, PGA or polyglycolic acid (PGA), polyactide or PLA (PLA), polycaprolactone (PCL), poly-adipic acid second diester (PEA), poly-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester (PHA), poly butyric ester (PHB), the copolyesters (PHBV) of 3-hydroxybutyrate ester and 3-hydroxyl valerate, and the copolyesters of glycolide and lactide.
Aliphatic polyester can be useful especially, due to their biodegradable character.Except biodegradability, aliphatic polyester, particularly PLA, can give fiber of the present invention other gratifying performance.Such as, fiber of the present invention its comprise PLA (or other aliphatic polyester) as a component, traditional be used as compared with the polyethylene terephthalate of dual-component binder fibre core or the fiber of polyamide with comprising, the hydrophily of improvement can be shown, the fire resistance improved, or darker brighter color can be dyed.
In various embodiments, the first polymers compositions comprises the first aliphatic polyester, and the second polymers compositions comprises the second aliphatic polyester.But when the first polymers compositions in embodiment and the second polymers compositions comprise the aliphatic polyester of identical type, the first aliphatic polyester and the second aliphatic polyester can by the feature of at least one difference by each self-defined.In one preferred embodiment, first aliphatic polyester and the second aliphatic polyester are PLA, and wherein a PLA polymers compositions is at least defined at the distinguishing characteristics that target tack temperature current downflow is relevant with forming the strong ability combined by polymers compositions.
Can be prepared by lactic acid polymerizes or lactide polymerization according to the useful polylactic acid polymer that the present invention discloses.PLA and manufacture its method in the U.S. patent No. 5,698,322; 5,142,023; 5,760,144; 5,593,778; 5,807,973; With 5,010, disclose in 145, and by reference to whole introducing.
Favourable, according to the residual monomer percentage that the useful PLA polymer of the present invention's disclosure presents, the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions are worked, make it demonstrate gratifying melt strength, fibre machinery intensity, and fiber spinnability.Here " residual monomer percentage " used refers to also unreacted and the lactic acid be embedded in the PLA polymer chain architecture of entanglement or lactide monomers amount.Usually, if the residual monomer percentage of PLA polymer is too high in a component, this component can be not easy processing due to the processing characteristics of instability, the extrusion pressure change that the processing characteristics of this instability causes due to a large amount of monomer vapor discharged in process causes.But a small amount of residual monomer of PLA polymer can be favourable in a component, because this residual monomer serves the effect of plasticiser in spinning process.Therefore, PLA polymers compositions usually presents residual monomer percentage and is less than about 15%, is preferably less than about 10%, and is preferredly less than about 7%.
The useful aliphatic polyester that the present invention discloses can by different features or behavioral definition.Such as, with reference to PLA, lactic acid and lactide, it is well known that asymmetrical molecule, have two optical isomers, are (being called as below " D ") enantiomter of left-handed (being called as below " L ") enantiomter and dextrorotation respectively.Therefore, by being polymerized a kind of specific enantiomter or the mixture by use two kinds of enantiomters, can chemical composition be obtained similar, but there is the polymer of different performance significantly.Especially, have been found that the stereochemical structure by changing polylactic acid polymer, the melting characteristic controlling polymer is possible.
Degree of crystallinity is that another can be used for defining the character of aliphatic polyester.Such as, the crystallization degree of PLA polymer is the ability of the similar shaped portion proper alignment based on the systematicness of main polymer chain and itself and self or other chains.Even if the quite d-isomer (lactic acid or lactide) of smallest number; such as about 3 to about 4 percentage by weights; with levo form (lactic acid or lactide) copolymerization; main polymer chain can become irregular shape usually; make its can not with other backbone portion proper alignment and orientation of pure levo form polymer; thus reduce the degree of crystallinity of polymer; and can tack temperature be reduced further, polymer can form gratifying bonding at lower than the temperature of setting.In various embodiments, the degree of crystallinity that nucleator can improve polymers compositions is comprised.
In various embodiments, aliphatic polyester is defined by melt flow index mensuration.Test well known in the art can be used for measuring the melt flow index of polymers compositions.Such as, melt flows tests the melt flow index that ASTMD1238 can be used for determining polymers compositions.
In addition, aliphatic polyester can be defined by their molecular weight.Molecular weight can refer to the length of each polymer chain.Therefore, the first and second polymers compositionss can have same or different molecular weight.Although molecular weight be not both as grade polymer is intrinsic, in various embodiments, polymers compositions can comprise additive, and it causes the reduction of polymer molecular weight.In various embodiments, additive causes the reduction of polymer molecular weight when extruding.In various embodiments, extrude and only refer to fiber extrusion process (that is, just additive is added before fiber is extruded).In some embodiments, extrude and refer to first and extrude, additive can be added in polymers compositions and form mixture wherein, and this mixture is extruded in extruding second after a while and forms fiber.Extrude for twice or more time and can cause extruding larger molecular weight than single and reduce.In various embodiments, additive can cause the reduction of polymers compositions molecular weight about 5% or larger, and about 10% or larger, or about 15% or larger.In addition, in some embodiments, the first polymers compositions can be identical substantially with the molecular weight of the second polymers compositions, and additive can be used for the molecular weight of reduction by first polymers compositions to the molecular weight ratio needed, as described in addition in literary composition.Unlike in embodiment, the first polymer-extruded rear contrast extrude before molecular weight ratio for being less than 1.0 or about 0.95 or less, about 0.9 or less, or about 0.85 or less.
According to disclosure of the present invention, the unrestricted example that can be used as additive use is pentaerythrite, and it can add in polymers compositions before extrusion or in extrusion.Pentaerythrite reduces the molecular weight of condensation polymer (such as ester) by hydrolysis.In preferably embodiment, the first polymers compositions can mix to about pentaerythrite of 4.5 % by weight with about 0.5 % by weight to about 8 % by weight or about 1.5 % by weight before extrusion or in extrusion.Other, the example of unrestricted additive, it can be included in the molecular weight reducing polymers compositions in polymers compositions, comprises water, NaOH, hydrated alumina trihydrate, ethylene glycol, and similar.
In some embodiments, the additive of the bond properties improving multicomponent fibre can be used, and the molecular weight of polymers compositions need not be reduced.Such as, plasticiser such as aliphatic diester and/or poly-hydroxyalkanoic acid ester (" PHA ") can be included in PLA polymers compositions.Examples of such additives can mix with polymers compositions before extrusion or in extrusion, as mentioned above.
As further described here, fiber of the present invention can be useful especially as binder fiber or go for improving bonding, particularly as in the adhesive bonding method of hot blast adhesion.Therefore, in various embodiments, the softening temperature that the melt temperature that the second polymers compositions has is greater than the first polymers compositions is gratifying.Can select to the second polymers compositions intensity or hardness (rigidity) that fiber is provided, thus providing package contains intensity or the hardness of the non-woven structure of this multicomponent fibre.The intensity of fiber or hardness (rigidity) are normally obtained by the second polymers compositions selecting heat fusing temperature to be greater than the softening temperature of the first polymers compositions.Therefore, when multicomponent fibre is under suitable tack temperature, this temperature usually above the first polymers compositions softening temperature but lower than the melt temperature of the second polymers compositions, first polymers compositions will deliquescing and flowing preferably, and the second polymers compositions will maintain their accurate shapes usually.In preferred shell described above/core arrangement, this is gratifying especially.In addition, due to the not melting under target tack temperature of the second polymers compositions, the fiber shape of multicomponent fibre is maintained.
Can there is thermal contraction in PLA binder fiber in hot blast adhesion process, because during at the temperature of adhesive component deliquescing or flowing or higher than this temperature, fiber can not heat setting, but in bonding, fiber must be exposed to high enough temp and to get off the melt flow characteristics of adhesive component needed for obtaining.Thermal contraction mainly occurs because the thermal induction chain being present in the polymer segment in amorphous phase loosens.So under tack temperature, usually obvious thermal contraction can be observed.This is the distinctive problem of PLA, because the height that its convergent force is suitable, this knows in field.Therefore, when this fibrid is used for forming heat bonded fabric, binder fiber more may cause fabric hole or nonuniformity when it shrinks is shunk.But according to the present invention, use the PLA of quite high levo form purity can fall low-fiber contraction significantly as the core component of multicomponent fibre.
Therefore, polymers compositions useful in the present invention can be defined by d-isomer content, as discussed above.Especially, the levo form purity of PLA polymers compositions can affect the melting characteristic of polymer.Therefore the respective melting characteristic of polymer can be defined by the content of isomers in polymers compositions.In various embodiments, the enantiomeric purity of the second polymers compositions is higher than the enantiomeric purity of the first polymers compositions.Such as, the first polymers compositions of multicomponent fibre described herein can be fibre fractionation that is softening under target tack temperature or flowing, and the second polymers compositions is not softening in fact under same target tack temperature, flowing, or melting.Therefore, the first polymers compositions can comprise complete unbodied PLA, and its tack temperature is equal to or less than setting.In various embodiments, the first polymers compositions comprises PLA, and it is about 2% or higher by d-isomer content, and about 3% or higher, about 4% or higher, or about 5% or highlyer to define.In one preferably embodiment, the first polymer shell component is amorphous PLA, and this can carry out modification to it and make more easily deliquescing or the flowing under target tack temperature of the first polymer shell component.In some embodiments, hypocrystalline PLA (if d-isomer content is lower than about 5%) can be the useful bonding shell with high levo form purity PLA core combination of polymers.Such as, non-adhering (second) polymers compositions comprises the mixture (being commonly called " Stereocomplex ") of the PLA of the suitable purity of approximately equal amounts and the PDLA of suitable purity, it has sufficiently high melt temperature, therefore have d-isomer content be about 0.1% to about 5% hypocrystalline PLA can be used as first (bonding) polymers compositions.
In various embodiments, the second polymers compositions comprises hypocrystalline PLA.In some embodiments, the second polymers compositions comprises PLA stereoscopic composite.In some embodiments, the 2nd PLA polymers compositions preferably only comprises a small amount of d-isomer thus the melt temperature of the second polymers compositions can not be reduced to lower than setting.In addition, second polymers compositions (such as core polymers compositions) can comprise d-isomer content and be approximately 2.0% or lower, about 1.2% or lower, about 1.0% or lower, about 0.8% or lower or about 0.6% or lower PLA.As described, the d-isomer content of core component polymer can advantageously fall low-fiber thermal contraction.Therefore, according to aforesaid, the d-isomer of the first and second polymers compositionss and the content of levo form can be combined, thus make the fiber formed when being exposed in the air of about 130 DEG C about 5 minutes, the Heat Shrinkage value presented is less than 20%, is preferably less than 15% and is most preferably less than about 10%.Comprise the degree of crystallinity that nucleator also can improve the second polymers compositions.
In addition, polymers compositions can pass through melt temperature, particularly relative fusing temperature and defines.In some embodiments, the melt temperature of the second polymers compositions is about 160 DEG C or higher, but depends on conceivable processing conditions, and other melt temperature also can be used.Preferably, the first polymers compositions has the tack temperature of the melt temperature being markedly inferior to the second polymers compositions, and therefore under temperature that is softening or that flow occurs the first polymers compositions, the second polymers compositions can't deliquescing or melting significantly.If needed, extra additive can be added in polymers compositions, is used for the melting characteristic of differentiation two kinds of PLA components.In some embodiments, the first polymers compositions comprises additive, is used for the tack temperature of reduction by first polymers compositions.
As discussed above, melt flow index is that another can be used for the characteristic of differentiation two kinds of PLA polymers compositionss.In various embodiments, when according to fusing flowing test ASTM D1238 at 210 DEG C with when using the test of 2160g basic weight, the melt flow index that the first polymers compositions has is about 30 or larger.In one embodiment, the melt flow index of the first polymers compositions is approximately 45 or larger under identical testing conditions.In one preferably embodiment, the melt flow index that the first polymers compositions has is approximately 60 or larger under the same testing conditions.
Heat bondable first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions optionally can comprise other components that can not adversely affect desired properties.Can be used as the exemplary materials of other component and include, but are not limited to pigment, antiaging agent, stabilizing agent, surfactant, wax, flow improver additive, solid solvent, particulate, and other are used for the material of processing characteristics of raising first and second component.Such as, stabilizing agent can add in biodegradable polymer the thermal degradation reducing and originally may occur in PLA spinning process to.The use of this type of stabilizing agent is in the U.S. patent No. 5,807, and disclose in 973, it is by reference to whole introducing.In addition, optionally can comprise the additive improving PLA biodegradability, as the U.S. patent No. 5,760,144 disclosures, before by reference to being introduced into.The additive of these and other can use by convention amount.
If needed, one or more other polymer can be comprised according to the fiber that the present invention discloses, be selected from the polymer that can be processed into any type of fiber well known in the art, comprise polyolefin, polyester, polyamide and similar.The example of suitable polymer includes, but are not limited to, polyolefin comprises polypropylene, polyethylene, polybutene, with polymethylpentene (PMP), polyamide comprises nylon, such as nylon 6 and nylon 6, 6, polyacrylate, polystyrene, polyurethane, acetal resin, poly ethylene vinyl alcohol, polyester comprises aromatic polyester, such as polyethylene terephthalate, PEN, polytrimethylene's ester, poly terephthalic acid 1, 4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate (PCT), polyphenylene sulfide, thermoplastic elastomer, polyacrylonitrile, cellulose and cellulose derivative, polyaromatic acid amides, acetal, fluoropolymer, their copolymers and terpolymer and their mixture (mixtures) or compound (blends).
Other example of aromatic polyester comprises (1) and has the aklylene glycol of 2-10 carbon atom and the polyester of aromatic diacid; (2) poly-alkylene naphthalate, it is the polyester of 2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylic acids and aklylene glycol, such as PEN; (3) polyester of 1,4-CHDM and terephthalic acid (TPA) is come from, such as polycyclohexylene's ester.Exemplary polyalkylene terephthalates includes, but are not limited to, polyethylene terephthalate (i.e. PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT).
In one preferably embodiment, multicomponent fibre is concentric shell/core binder fiber, and its core component (the second polymers compositions) forms about 50% of fiber cross section region.Second polymers compositions can comprise hypocrystalline PLA, and in this PLA, the content of d-isomer is about 2.0% or lower, and its corresponding melt temperature is 160 DEG C or higher.Shell component (the first polymers compositions) can form about 50% of the transverse cross-sectional area of fiber, and can to comprise d-isomer content be about 8% or higher complete unbodied PLA.In some embodiments, shell component can mix to about pentaerythrite of 4.5 % by weight with about 0.5 % by weight before extrusion or in extrusion.
The method manufacturing multicomponent fibre is well known in the art, does not need here to describe in detail.Usually, in order to form multicomponent fibre, at least two kinds of polymer are divided other extrude and be fed in polymer distribution system, and polymer is introduced in the spinnerets of segmentation wherein.Polymer enters fiber spinning jet along the path separated, and combines at spinneret orifice.Spinning head is arranged, thus obtains the extrudate of required form.
Along with extrudate is by mould, form thread, or filament, in them around fluid media (medium), keep molten condition a period of time before cooling curing, this fluid media (medium) can be the air of the cooling of blowing over thread.Once solidification, filament is reeled by godet roller or other coiling surface.In continuous wire drawing technique, the speed of thread in godet roller drawing-off and godet roller matches, and fine rule reels on godet roller.In jet technique, thread is collected into nozzle, such as air cannon, and blows to coiling surface, such as, on cylinder or moving belt, forms spunbond net.In melt-blown process, air is injected into the surface of spinning head, when thread is collected into coiling surface in cooling-air path, simultaneously for it provides drawing-off and cooling, thus forms fiber web.Regardless of the type of melt spinning process used, importantly thread in the molten state, namely drafted before solidification occurs, and falls low-fiber diameter.Exemplary melt draw ratio well known in the art can be used.When using continuous wire drawing or direct spinning process, traditional wire-drawing equipment can be used to carry out the fine rule of drawing-off solid state, this equipment, such as, such as, the continuous godet roller run with friction speed.Such as, see the U.S. patent No. 5,082,899, by referring to whole introducing.
After the drawing-off of solid state continuous spinning, it may be ripple or veined, and cuts off with the fibre length needed, thus produces staple fibre.The length range of staple fibre is usually from about 25mm to about 50mm, but fiber also can be longer or shorter as required.See, such as, the U.S. patent No. 4,789,592 of Taniguchide etc., and the U.S. patent No. 5,336,552 of Strack etc., each is by referring to being all introduced into.
Multicomponent fibre of the present invention can be short fiber, rope, spun-bonded type fibril, continuous filament yarn, or meltblown fibers.Usually, short fiber formed according to the present invention, multi-filament, and the possible fiber number of spun bond fibrous is about 0.5 to about 100 dawn.The fiber number that meltblown filaments is possible is about 0.001 to about 10.0 dawn.The possible fiber number of monfil is about 50 to about 10,000 dawn.
As mentioned above, multicomponent fibre can be incorporated in supatex fabric.Fiber of the present invention can be formed in nonwoven web, by any suitable mode in this area, especially wherein uses heat bonding.In addition, continuous filament yarn can be directly spun in nonwoven web by spunbond process.Other fibers except multicomponent fibre of the present invention also can exist, and comprise synthetic fiber and/or the natural fabric of any type well known in the art.Example synthetic fibers comprises polyolefin, polyester, polyamide, acrylic compounds (acrylic), artificial silk, cellulose acetate, thermoplastic multicomponent fiber (such as traditional shell/core fibre, such as polyethylene sheath/polyester core fiber) and the similar mixture with them.Exemplary natural fabric comprises wool, cotton, wood pulp fibre and the similar mixture with them.
Multicomponent fibre of the present invention is especially passable, single or with other fiber in combination, be incorporated in meltblown nonwoven fabric.Melt blown technology is known in this area, and comes into question in different patents, such as, and the U.S. patent No. 3,987,185 of Buntin etc.; The U.S. patent No. 3,972,759 of Buntin; With the U.S. patent No. 4,622,259 of McAmish etc.; Each is by reference to whole introducing.Other bonding method well known in the art also can use.
Therefore, when multicomponent fibre is in suitable tack temperature, first polymers compositions can form suitable bonding at such a temperature, but this temperature is lower than the melt temperature of the second polymers compositions, the first component will deliquescing or melting simultaneously second component usually will maintain its rigid structure.Multicomponent fibre described herein is particularly useful for hot blast adhesion process, its fabric using hot blast (usually not having extra pressure) to carry out heat-bondable fiber or formed by it.This comprises hot blast adhesion and radiation heating bonding.In various embodiments, most multicomponent fibre as described herein can arrive about 220 DEG C of hot blast adhesions at about 80 DEG C.In one preferred embodiment, most multicomponent fibres as above is at about 130 DEG C of hot blast adhesions.Other adhesive bonding methods, such as hot calendering bonding or other pressure-driven adhesion process, also can be used for making multicomponent fibre described herein form fabric.
Comprise multicomponent fibre of the present invention and be specially adapted to disposable products as the supatex fabric of a component.Concrete example includes, but are not limited to disposable urine napkin, adult incontinence products, cotton wool, cotton balls, soft hygenic towelette, bib, wound dressing, and surgical cap (capes) or surgical drapes.
As mentioned above, the multicomponent fibre disclosed according to the present invention providing in the adhesion characteristic of improvement effective especially, particularly in the method by similar hot blast adhesion.The ability showing applicable fiber in hot blast adhesion process that preparation the present invention discloses, can be assessed by many different standards.Just itself, estimate that the knowledge that those skilled in the art discloses according to the present invention can use the polymers compositions with characteristic described herein to form the multicomponent fibre meeting various criterion.Therefore following description be used for making people can clearly assess the present invention disclose in given fiber, and the fiber that the present invention discloses should not to be restricted to be only detailed description of the invention.
Be suitable for assessing the test according to fiber of the present invention, relate to the tensile strength of heat bonding nonwoven web or fabric, this nonwoven web or fabric are formed as unique adhesive by the multicomponent fibre using the present invention to disclose.Especially, tensile strength can adopt combing, comprise 75 % by weight PLA6202D fibers (being manufactured by Fiber Innovation Technology) and 25 % by weight the supatex fabric of multicomponent binder fiber of the present invention assess, wherein final fabric stops 12 seconds hot blast adhesions at 130 DEG C in bonding stove.The nonwoven of a kind of hot blast adhesion using multicomponent fibre described herein to be formed as binder fiber, when cross measure, preferably presenting tensile strength is that every gram of about 500 gram forces of fabric weight are to about 4500 gram forces.In the embodiment of the nonwoven of some hot blast adhesions using multicomponent fibre described herein to be formed as binder fiber, when cross measure, the tensile strength that nonwoven presents is about 150-670 gram force, fiber sample used is approximately 1.5 inches long and about 2 inches wide, and weight is approximately 0.1 gram to about 0.3 gram.A kind of method of testing completing this assessment describes in an embodiment.
A kind of being suitable for, assesses other test according to fiber of the present invention, refers to the melt flow index of one or more components of fiber.Especially, when according to melt flow index test ASTMD1238 at 210 DEG C and when using 2160g basic weight to assess, the melt flow index that the first polymers compositions has is approximately 30 or larger.In various embodiments, the melt flow index of the first polymers compositions is about 45 or larger, or about 60 or larger.
Another kind of assessment is also had to relate to the specific object of the material for forming fiber according to the method for fiber of the present invention.Specifically, in various embodiments, multicomponent fibre comprises first polymers compositions of complete amorphous PLA, and it has the first molecular weight.This multicomponent fibre also comprises second polymers compositions of hypocrystalline PLA, and it has the melt temperature of the second molecular weight and at least 150 DEG C.In various embodiments, the first polymers compositions may further include additive, and this additive can reduce the molecular weight about 5% of the first polymers compositions or more, and about 10% or more, or about 15% or more.
Embodiment
There has been described a kind of exemplary, nonrestrictive PLA binder fiber bonding experiment, can be determined at bonding stove in stop 12 seconds time, comprise the bonding strength of the carded nonwoven of 75%PLA6202 fiber (can obtain from NatureWork, LLC) and 25% experiment binder fiber to the sensitivity of tack temperature.Each laboratory sample (supatex fabric of the combing of 3 inches * 2 inches, wherein 2 inches is combing direction, is namely parallel to the length of machine direction) is prepared by the following method.First, adopt the 6202D of Natureworks to prepare 1.5g ripple PLA staple fibre, fiber number was 2 dawn, and shearing length is 1.5 inches (" matrix " fibers).Weigh up 0.5g binder fiber (as the present invention discloses) simultaneously.Be placed on manual carding machine by above two kinds of fibers, careful dispersion two kinds of fibers, make it uniformly across carding machine as far as possible.Ideally, matrix fiber first arrives on carding machine, because experimental fiber may be non-ripple, easily falls between the tooth of carding machine.Manual carding machine is used for producing the homogeneous mixture of these two kinds of fibers.Carding process needs a few minutes, comprises multiplely being removed and in the step continuing to relay before combing carding machine from carding machine by fiber heap.Any between cog from carding machine drop and depart from fiber heap binder fiber (" stray ") be all recovered, be put back into fiber heap in, mix with it reposefully.When fiber web by complete combing cross become even time, fiber heap removed carefully as independent " fabric ", keep the uniformity of this " fabric ".Sheared off from " fabric " by laboratory sample with the paper matrix plate of 1.5 inches * 2 inches, ensure that the whole sample sheared off has roughly uniform Density, one-piece sample has the distribution of uniform fiber.Inevitably may there be filoplume at the edge of fabric, and low-density and low uniformity, so these edges are preferably avoided and are not therefore included in the sample cut.The direction that these samples are oriented 2 inches is parallel to the width of carding machine, and the direction of 1.5 inches is parallel to fiber.Then the measured and record of the weight of each sample.
According to after the sample abundance that said method or similar approach prepare, the bonding strength of fiber is determined immediately.Stove is heated to probe temperature 130 DEG C, and 10 fabric samples under being exposed to probe temperature about 12 seconds.Due to short open-assembly time, opening the door and closing the door to cause furnace temperature to decrease.Therefore, between sample exposes, stove can be allowed to return to probe temperature.After bonding, each sample is cooled to room temperature, and tensile strength measures by stretching along the direction of sample 2 inches of axles subsequently.This axle may be less than 2 inches owing to shrinking after bonding.Should avoid stretching along machine direction, because this only can test the intensity of fiber instead of the bonding strength of reality usually.The tensile strength measured is mapped to the weight of sample, with any different fracture strength of standardizing.
Many changes of the present invention and other embodiments will make those skilled in the art expect, in the description above, the present invention can provide favourable instruction.Therefore, be construed as, the present invention is not limited to special embodiment and those improvement of disclosure, and other embodiment also will be included in the scope of additional claim.Although special term is here used, they are only made to be used as general with descriptive, and are not to limit.
Claims (21)
1. have a multicomponent fibre for exposed surface, it comprises:
First polymers compositions, it comprises the first aliphatic polyester, and wherein said first polymers compositions forms the described exposed surface of described multicomponent fibre at least partially; With
Second polymers compositions, it comprises the second aliphatic polyester;
The described exposed surface of wherein said multicomponent fibre about 5% or to be formed by described first polymers compositions greatlyr; And
Described multicomponent fibre has and comprises ratio and be approximately described first polymers compositions of 1: 9 to about 9: 1 and the cross section of the second polymers compositions.
2. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber is selected from by continuous filament yarn, short fiber, spun bond fibrous, and fibrous group of melt-blown.
3. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polymers compositions is PLA.
4. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polymers compositions comprises the complete amorphous PLA with about 5% or more d-isomer content.
5. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polymers compositions comprises for reducing the additive of described first polymers compositions tack temperature, wherein said additive about 10 DEG C or more measure existence with the tack temperature being enough to reduce described first polymers compositions.
6. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polymers compositions the first molecular weight defines, and wherein said first polymers compositions comprises additive, the amount of this additive is enough to described first molecular weight to be reduced to the first reduction molecular weight.
7. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 6, wherein said first reduces the first molecular weight little about 10% described in molecular weight ratio or more.
8. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 6, the wherein said first ratio reducing molecular weight and described first molecular weight is approximately 0.9 or less.
9. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 9, wherein said additive is selected from by pentaerythrite, water, NaOH, hydrated alumina trihydrate, ethylene glycol, and the group that their combination forms.
10. multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 9, wherein said first polymers compositions comprises about 0.5 % by weight to about pentaerythrite of 0.8 % by weight.
11. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, when evaluating with use 2160g basic weight at 210 DEG C of temperature according to melt flows test ASTM D1238, wherein said first polymers compositions has about 30 or larger melt flow index.
12. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second polymers compositions is PLA.
13. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second polymers compositions comprises the hypocrystalline PLA with about 2% or less d-isomer content.
14. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second polymers compositions has about 160 DEG C or higher melt temperature.
15. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first polymers compositions is defined by the first molecular weight, described second polymers compositions is defined by the second molecular weight, and the ratio of wherein said first molecular weight and the second molecular weight is approximately 0.9 or less.
16. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber, being exposed at 130 DEG C of temperature after 5 minutes, presents the shrinkage factor being less than 20%.
17. multicomponent fibres as claimed in claim 1, wherein said fiber makes the bonded web intensity of bound nonwovens be approximately 150 gram forces or larger, this bound nonwovens comprises the multicomponent fibre as unique adhesive, wherein this bonded web intensity adopts combing, the nonwoven web comprising multicomponent fibre described in 75 % by weight PLA6202D fibers and 25 % by weight is assessed, this net length is about 1.5 inches, width is about 2 inches, and weight is about 0.1 gram to about 0.3 gram, and described net by stopping 12 seconds hot blast adhesions at 130 DEG C of temperature in bonding stove.
18. fabrics comprising multiple heat bonding multicomponent fibre as claimed in claim 1.
19. fabrics as claimed in claim 18, wherein this fabric presents every gram of about 500 gram forces of fabric weight or larger tensile strength.
20. fabrics as claimed in claim 18, wherein this fabric presents tensile strength is about 150 gram forces or larger, and fabric sample used is about 1.5 inches long and about 2 inches wide, and weight is approximately 0.1 gram to about 0.3 gram.
21. 1 kinds of methods forming supatex fabric, it comprises:
There is provided multiple multicomponent fibre, each have exposed surface, and wherein each multicomponent fibre comprises the first polymers compositions and the second polymers compositions, and wherein the first polymers compositions forms the exposed surface at least partially of each multicomponent fibre; With
The multiple multicomponent fibre of hot blast adhesion, is wherein bonded in about 80 DEG C and carries out at about 220 DEG C of temperature, and the melt temperature of wherein said second polymers compositions is greater than tack temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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| US14/208,890 | 2014-03-13 | ||
| US14/208,890 US20140272362A1 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2014-03-13 | Multicomponent aliphatic polyester blend fibers |
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| CN104911744A true CN104911744A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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| CN112239920A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-19 | 上海邀加科技有限公司 | Preparation method of functional melt-blown material |
| CN115023456A (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2022-09-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | Compostable multi-component constructions |
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| WO2018025209A1 (en) | 2016-08-02 | 2018-02-08 | Fitesa Germany Gmbh | System and process for preparing polylactic acid nonwoven fabrics |
| US11441251B2 (en) | 2016-08-16 | 2022-09-13 | Fitesa Germany Gmbh | Nonwoven fabrics comprising polylactic acid having improved strength and toughness |
| CN115161876B (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2023-07-18 | 吉祥三宝高科纺织有限公司 | Preparation process of environment-friendly fiber flocculus |
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| CN101326312A (en) * | 2005-12-15 | 2008-12-17 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Biodegradable multicomponent fibre |
| US20080057309A1 (en) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-06 | Far Eastern Textile Ltd. | Heat Adhesive Biodegradable Bicomponent Fibers |
| CN101784711A (en) * | 2007-08-22 | 2010-07-21 | 金伯利-克拉克环球有限公司 | Multicomponent biodegradable filaments and the nonwoven web of making thereof |
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| CN115023456A (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2022-09-06 | 3M创新有限公司 | Compostable multi-component constructions |
| CN115023456B (en) * | 2020-01-24 | 2024-06-11 | 3M创新有限公司 | Compostable multicomponent construction |
| CN112239920A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-01-19 | 上海邀加科技有限公司 | Preparation method of functional melt-blown material |
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