CN104910967A - Clean and high-efficiency gasification device - Google Patents
Clean and high-efficiency gasification device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104910967A CN104910967A CN201510353526.2A CN201510353526A CN104910967A CN 104910967 A CN104910967 A CN 104910967A CN 201510353526 A CN201510353526 A CN 201510353526A CN 104910967 A CN104910967 A CN 104910967A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The invention discloses a clean and high-efficiency gasification device, which aims to solve the problems of serious pollution, low heat efficiency and the like in the existing gasification furnace technology. The clean and high-efficiency gasification device comprises a furnace body, a charging device and an ash discharging device, wherein pressure-bearing interlayers are arranged in the furnace body; each pressure-bearing interlayer comprises a material-falling rod and a driver, and a porous partition board needs to be provided according the actual situation; the material-falling rod is driven by the driver to move to control the material-falling direction and speed and bear the pressure of the upper layer of a material; and the material falls into the space of the lower layer of the furnace body directly from the gap between the material-falling rods or through the porous partition board. The clean and high-efficiency gasification device has the beneficial effects that the pressure-bearing strength of the bottom layer of the material is reduced; and the layer height of a drying section and a destructive distillation section in the furnace body can be increased according to the actual requirement, in other words, a 'self-filtering system' of gasified gas is additionally arranged in the furnace body, so that smoke and tar of the gasified gas can be filtered out, the gasified gas outlet temperature can be reduced, the original materials can be dried, the heat efficacy of the gasification device can be obviously improved, and discharge of pollutants such as smoke and tar can be reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to containing the gasification of energy solid materials and clean utilization field, relate to a kind of clean, efficient gasification installation.
Background technology
By plastic waste, municipal wastes the like waste, biomass, or the solid fuel such as coal imports in vapourizing furnace, anaerobic or containing the high-temperature atmosphere of oxygen condition in redox, can produce containing gasifying gas.Gasification installation generally comprises waste gasification melting furnace, coal gasification furnace, rotary oven formula thermal decomposition furnace (indirect heating formula thermal decomposition furnace) or various forms of roasting kiln or the pyrolysis oven such as feeding type thermal decomposition furnace (self-burning type thermal decomposition furnace) in the lump.
Coal gasification furnace (i.e. producer gas generator) a kind of coal conversion become inflammable gas (main component is CO, H
2, CH
4deng) production unit, be widely used in the industries such as chemical industry heating, heat treatment furnace, refractory materials.Traditional unistage type coal gasification furnace has that structure is simple, the construction period is short, it is little to invest, coal adaptability is strong, processing ease, safety performance high.But, unistage type coal gasification furnace is limited by structural performance, there is following shortcoming: 1) air outlet temperature too high (450 ~ 550 DEG C), containing a large amount of tar in coal gas, therefore for the user using purification coal gas, its technique must adopt large water gaging to carry out washing, purifying coal gas, and discharge of phenolic water amount is very large, causes severe contamination to environment; 2) need certain dead level height, and during dead level height large coal, drop produces a large amount of coal dusts with coal gas and takes out of, wastes energy, blocking pipeline; 3) need during unistage type gasification of coal furnace operating to prick pricker, open hearth, not only produce coal dust, and labor strength is large, gas production rate is unstable.Two-part coal gasification furnace is on the architecture basics of unistage type coal gasification furnace, add a retort section, the low-temperature pyrolysis of coal and gasification are combined, in a body of heater, segmentation is carried out, the coal gas part that gasification section produces derives from outlet at bottom, another part is used for destructive distillation upper strata coal, derive from top exit together with dry distillation gas, cause subsequent purification complex process thus, facility investment is high, floor space is large, the construction period is long, the shortcoming such as complicated operation.
Similar problem appears at biomass and refuse gasification field equally.Refuse gasification and gasifying biomass are the integral parts that current energy recovery utilizes, but in current gasifying process, are difficult to the problem invariably occurring that tar content is too high.Although circulating fluidized bed, double bed vaporizer etc. can be adopted to have good tar controllability, these gasification installations are only applicable to large-scale industrial circle, are unfavorable for medium and small utilization.Existing fixed-bed gasification, as updraft type or downdraft fixed bed vaporizer, utilize although be convenient to miniaturization, gasification efficiency is not high, and tar pollution problem also could not be solved very well.
In sum, meet the low inputs in field such as chemical industry, machinery, metallurgy, high production use gas demand, and need meet the standard of national requirements for environmental protection and energy-saving and emission-reduction, all there is the defect that cannot overcome in obvious existing gasification installation.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiency that prior art exists, the invention provides a kind of environmental protection, efficiently gasification installation.
In order to achieve the above object,
Technical scheme of the present invention: a kind of gasification installation of clean and effective comprises body of heater, is positioned at the feeding device at body of heater top and is positioned at the ash exhauster of bottom of furnace body; Described feeding device comprises storehouse, top, surge bunker and storehouse, bottom; Be equipped with dividing plate valve between storehouse, top and surge bunker, between surge bunker and storehouse, bottom, storehouse, bottom is connected with body of heater top; Described body of heater, its top is provided with the outlet of gasification gas, and some pressure-bearing interlayers are established in inside, and pressure-bearing interlayer is made up of blanking bar and driving mechanism, and blanking bar is promoted by driving mechanism, and between adjacent blanking bar, direction of motion is contrary; Inboard wall of furnace body is provided with refractory brickwork.
Body of heater lower sidewalls arranges water cooling box and water jacket, and water jacket is positioned at the below of water cooling box, and water cooling box is surrounded on the outer ring of body of heater.
Described ash exhauster comprises ash-pan and fire grate, and described ash-pan is positioned at body of heater exterior bottom, and ash-pan central section is provided with fire grate, and fire grate can rotate in ash-pan, and fire grate one end is connected with ash-pan, and the other end stretches in body of heater; The bottom of fire grate is provided with airduct, and described airduct is communicated with body of heater by fire grate.
Also need to set up porous barrier according to practical situation; Described porous barrier is provided with equally distributed duct, and cover by the blanking bar different in size of some directly over being located close to; Described blanking bar can be impeller stem, spindle bar or screw rod; The duct of porous barrier is circular, oval, square or Else Rule and irregularly shaped; Porous barrier and blanking bar are made up of cast steel.
Advantage of the present invention: furnace interior settles pressure-bearing interlayer, and in body of heater, the pressure of upper materials can not pass to lower floor's material, avoids material efflorescence under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, blocking gas channel, reduces the requirement to material thermal mechanical strength; Dryer section and retort section are set up in furnace roof position, fully dry, destructive distillation contains energy material on the one hand, improve gasification gas calorific value and gasification furnace thermal efficiency, filter on the other hand, purify gasification gas from retort section and gasification section, reduce cigarette ash and the tar content of air outlet gasification gas; Gasification furnace structure is simply compact, easy for installation, gasification efficiency and thermo-efficiency high, gasification gas subsequent purification is easy, waste water and gas near zero release, environmental friendliness.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of vapourizing furnace of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is that the A-A of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 3 is that the B-B of Fig. 1 is to sectional view.
Fig. 4 is blanking bar structural representation, and wherein Fig. 4 a is axial sectional view, and Fig. 4 b is radial cross-section.
In figure: 1 storehouse, top; 2 surge bunkers; Storehouse bottom 3; 4 gasification gas outlets; 5 bodies of heater; 6a blanking bar; 6b driving mechanism; 6c porous barrier; 7 refractory brickwork; 8 water cooling boxes; 9 water jackets; 10 fire grates; 11 ash-pans; 12 driving mechanisms; 13 airducts; 14 blast inlets; 15 civil engineering pedestals.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment and accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
It should be noted that at this, the explanation for these embodiments understands the present invention for helping, but does not form limitation of the invention.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, described gasification installation comprises body of heater 5 and is positioned at the feeding device at body of heater top, described feeding device comprises storehouse, top 1, surge bunker 2 and storehouse, bottom 3, storehouse, described top 1 and surge bunker 2 and be equipped with dividing plate valve between surge bunker 2 and storehouse, bottom 3, storehouse, bottom 3 is connected with the top of body of heater 5.Containing energy material successively by behind storehouse, top 1, surge bunker 2 and storehouse, bottom 3, enter in body of heater 5, wherein surge bunker 2 plays a part regulate material supply and prevent air-flow from overflowing.
Arrange two-layer pressure-bearing interlayer in body of heater 5, described pressure-bearing interlayer comprises fusiform blanking bar 6a, driving mechanism 6b and porous barrier 6c.Described porous barrier 6c is made up of 13 row size circular ducts that are homogeneous, that be evenly distributed, and circular duct is all positioned at immediately below the next-door neighbour of 13 blanking bars of fusiform blanking bar 6a, and channel diameter is slightly less than blanking shank diameter.Described blanking bar 6a is by driving mechanism 6b actuation movement, and between adjacent blanking bar, direction of motion is contrary.Material in body of heater 5 vertically falls between the space of blanking bar 6a, and then moves horizontally under the thrust of blanking bar 6a, vertically drops, enter lower floor's furnace space from the circular duct of porous barrier 6c.
Above body of heater 5, sidewall is provided with refractory brickwork 7, for improving the refractory ability of body of heater 5.
Body of heater 5 top is provided with gasification gas outlet 4, containing energy material and after reacting from the vaporized chemical of bottom of furnace body, producing containing gasifying gas, export 4 discharges from described gasification gas in body of heater 5.
Body of heater 5 lower sidewalls arranges water cooling box 8 and water jacket 9, and described water jacket 9 is positioned at the below of water cooling box 8, and described water cooling box 8 is surrounded on the outer ring of body of heater 5.
Be provided with ash-pan 11 bottom body of heater 5, the central section of described ash-pan 11 is provided with fire grate 10, and described fire grate 10 rotates under the driving of driving mechanism 12.Fire grate 10 corresponds to the bottom that the connected the other end of ash-pan 11 stretches into body of heater 5, and when fire grate 10 rotates, the lime-ash produced after burning discharges body of heater 5 under the effect of fire grate 10, and falls into ash-pan 11.
The below of fire grate 10 is provided with airduct 13, and the axis of described airduct 13 and the axis of body of heater 5 are located along the same line.Airduct 13 is by being connected with body of heater 5 bottom fire grate 10, and the other end is connected with blast inlet 14.Described airduct 13 and blast inlet 14 are positioned at civil engineering pedestal 15.
Claims (8)
1. a gasification installation for clean and effective, is characterized in that, described gasification installation comprises body of heater, is positioned at the feeding device at body of heater top and is positioned at the ash exhauster of bottom of furnace body;
Described feeding device comprises storehouse, top, surge bunker and storehouse, bottom; Be equipped with dividing plate valve between storehouse, top and surge bunker, between surge bunker and storehouse, bottom, storehouse, bottom is connected with body of heater top;
Described body of heater, its top is provided with the outlet of gasification gas, and some pressure-bearing interlayers are established in inside, and pressure-bearing interlayer is made up of blanking bar and driving mechanism, and blanking bar is promoted by driving mechanism, and between adjacent blanking bar, direction of motion is contrary; Inboard wall of furnace body is provided with refractory brickwork; Body of heater lower sidewalls arranges water cooling box and water jacket, and water jacket is positioned at the below of water cooling box, and water cooling box is surrounded on the outer ring of body of heater;
Described ash exhauster comprises ash-pan and fire grate, and described ash-pan is positioned at body of heater exterior bottom, and ash-pan central section is provided with fire grate, and fire grate can rotate in ash-pan, and fire grate one end is connected with ash-pan, and the other end stretches in body of heater; The bottom of fire grate is provided with airduct, and described airduct is communicated with body of heater by fire grate.
2. gasification installation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, arranges porous barrier, porous barrier is provided with equally distributed duct under described pressure-bearing interlayer, and is covered by the blanking bar that some directly over being located close to are different in size.
3. gasification installation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the duct of described porous barrier is circular, oval, square or Else Rule and irregularly shaped.
4. gasification installation according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described blanking bar is impeller stem, spindle bar or screw rod.
5. gasification installation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described blanking bar is impeller stem, spindle bar or screw rod.
6. the gasification installation according to claim 2 or 5, is characterized in that, described porous barrier and blanking bar are made up of cast steel.
7. gasification installation according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described porous barrier and blanking bar are made up of cast steel.
8. gasification installation according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described porous barrier and blanking bar are made up of cast steel.
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| CN201510353526.2A CN104910967B (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A kind of gasification installation of clean and effective |
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| CN201510353526.2A CN104910967B (en) | 2015-06-24 | 2015-06-24 | A kind of gasification installation of clean and effective |
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| CN104910967A true CN104910967A (en) | 2015-09-16 |
| CN104910967B CN104910967B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106833747A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 刘辉 | Hydrogen-oxygen chamber furnaced |
| CN109735367A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-10 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Down-draft type gasifying furnace |
| CN110319458A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-10-11 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of two-stage type biomass furnace |
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| CN102277197A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 福州市英袖能源科技有限公司 | Cracking furnace system of biomass garbage |
| CN202849353U (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-04-03 | 刘宗礼 | Device for producing blau gas and carbon monoxide |
| CN102604679B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-23 | 南京林业大学 | Agroforestrial biomass gasification furnace adapted to multiple raw materials |
| CN104178220A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-03 | 东莞市宝杰环保科技有限公司 | Tower type biomass gasifier |
| CN204400926U (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-06-17 | 广东绿壳新能源有限公司 | Biomass uniflow gas stove pay-off |
| CN204714764U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gasification installation of clean and effective |
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2015
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Patent Citations (7)
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| CN101967403A (en) * | 2010-11-01 | 2011-02-09 | 广州迪森热能技术股份有限公司 | Biomass stokehole storage device and biomass gasification reaction system |
| CN102277197A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 福州市英袖能源科技有限公司 | Cracking furnace system of biomass garbage |
| CN102604679B (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2013-10-23 | 南京林业大学 | Agroforestrial biomass gasification furnace adapted to multiple raw materials |
| CN202849353U (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-04-03 | 刘宗礼 | Device for producing blau gas and carbon monoxide |
| CN104178220A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-03 | 东莞市宝杰环保科技有限公司 | Tower type biomass gasifier |
| CN204400926U (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2015-06-17 | 广东绿壳新能源有限公司 | Biomass uniflow gas stove pay-off |
| CN204714764U (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2015-10-21 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gasification installation of clean and effective |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106833747A (en) * | 2017-02-10 | 2017-06-13 | 刘辉 | Hydrogen-oxygen chamber furnaced |
| CN109735367A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-05-10 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Down-draft type gasifying furnace |
| CN109735367B (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2023-12-29 | 上海电气集团股份有限公司 | Downdraft gasifier |
| CN110319458A (en) * | 2019-06-13 | 2019-10-11 | 华北理工大学 | A kind of two-stage type biomass furnace |
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| CN104910967B (en) | 2017-10-13 |
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