CN104900798A - Electrically-actuated flexible polymer with double-actuating effect, preparation method and test method - Google Patents
Electrically-actuated flexible polymer with double-actuating effect, preparation method and test method Download PDFInfo
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
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- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011185 multilayer composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 27
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Substances [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Rhoden Chemical compound CNC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)C ISRUGXGCCGIOQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl sulfoxide Natural products CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010010254 Concussion Diseases 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical compound CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electrically-actuated flexible polymer with a double-actuating effect, a preparation method and a test method. The electrically-actuated flexible polymer with a double-actuating effect comprises a flexible material layer made of a multilayer composite material. A nano-scale BaTiO3 particle modified material is added to the flexible material layer. Inner and outer electrode layers are symmetrically arranged on the upper and lower sides of the flexible material layer from inside to outside. The flexible material layer is obtained by doping Nafion solution with nano barium titanate and curing the solution. The inner and outer electrode layers are made of metal Pt or Ag. The electrically-actuated flexible polymer of the invention can deform greatly under small excitation voltage, has very high strength and stiffness, and can provide force output which is more than 50 times the weight of the polymer. Compared with a traditional flexible polymer under the same technological level, the elastic modulus of the electrically-actuated flexible polymer of the invention can be improved by about 80%, the deformation velocity is three times that of the traditional, and the output force is eight times that of the traditional.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of electric actuation flexible polymer, preparation method and the method for testing with dual actuation effect, belong to the fields such as biomimetic engineering, biology, medical treatment, Aero-Space.
Background technology:
At engineering and mechanical field, hard material is all the study hotspot of researcher for a long time, but, flexible material but ubiquity in the mechanical structure of natural animal and plant organism.Compared to " hard materials " such as traditional metal, potteries, polymer composite material is the Typical Representative of " flexible material ".Under the stimulation (as mechanical stress, temperature, electromagnetic field etc.) in the external world, flexible material can produce deformation in various degree and embody activity.Intelligent flexible material as a kind of novel functional material, it can perception outside stimulation thus judge, and suitable process can be carried out to the information perceived.Intelligent flexible material can bear larger distortion relative to intelligent hard material, has stronger compatibility to biology, and its density is less.Application prospect is widely there is in intellectual material and intelligent device in machinery, medical treatment, military project.Because its deformability and driving force are all close to biological muscles, so, there is extraordinary development prospect robot field.Intelligent flexible material can simulate biological characteristic to a great extent, and therefore it is called as " work " property soft material.As the representative of novel intelligent active polymer material, electroluminescent living polymer (Electro-active polymer EAP) initiatively soft material demonstrates its huge superiority day by day.
Ion-exchange polymer metal material (ion-exchange polymer metal composite IPMC) is basis material with amberplex, outside coated metal electrode, outside under electric field excitation due to the exportable large deformation of hydrated cation migration effect.IPMC also has many excellent specific properties except having the typical advantages of electroluminescent living polymer, as high-elastic in lightweight, elastic strain is large, structure is simple and energisation mode handy and safe etc.It can simulate biological musculature, has the characteristic of the close limit of rupture and maximum strain that it is called as " artificial-muscle ", be with a wide range of applications in fields such as Aero-Space, bionical driving, medical science with musculature.
Summary of the invention:
The invention provides a kind of electric actuation flexible polymer, preparation method and the method for testing with dual actuation effect, wherein electric actuation flexible polymer adopts IPMC to be flexible polymer base material, by adding nanoscale BaTiO
3particle modified material increases mechanics and the electric property of IPMC, has a good application prospect.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme: a kind of electric actuation flexible polymer with dual actuation effect, and comprising flexible material layer, described flexible material layer is multilayer materials, is added with nanoscale BaTiO in described flexible material layer inside
3particle modified material, be provided with inside and outside electrode layer the upper and lower surface of described flexible material layer is symmetrical from inside to outside respectively, described flexible material layer is that in Nafion solution, dopen Nano level barium titanate curing molding obtains, and described inside and outside electrode layer is that Pt metal or Ag are formed.
Further, described inner electrode layer is the internal layer transition electrode infiltrating inner 3 ~ 7 μm of ion exchange layer (flexible material layer), and outer electrode layer is 6 ~ 12 μm of thick outer transition electrodes.
The present invention also adopts following technical scheme: a kind of preparation method with the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, and step is as follows:
The first step, prepares flexible material layer: first carry out process in early stage to Nafion solution, nano level barium titanate is doped into the Nafion solution handled well, is cured prepares flexible material layer to the Nafion solution after dopen Nano level barium titanate;
Second step, prepare internal and external electrode layer: adopt polyurethane protection in the upper and lower surface of flexible material layer, side after alligatoring, activation, then is statically placed in [Pt (NH
3)
4cl
2] in solution, by following formula reaction plating internal layer electrode:
And then press following formula plating outer electrode:
So far, prepared by internal and external electrode.
The present invention adopts again following technical scheme: a kind of method of testing with the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, and step is as follows:
A. deformation characteristic test
The shaping electric actuation flexible polymer of making is cut into slices according to size requirements, the electric actuation flexible polymer of having cut into slices is clamped in positive and negative electrode two ends, electrode is connected with controllable electric power, re-use the deformation characteristic that laser displacement sensor detects electric actuation flexible polymer, the deformation displacement of electric actuation flexible polymer under laser displacement sensor connection computer recording;
B. End Force exports test
The nanoscale barium titanate electric actuation flexible polymer making shaping doping different content is connected with controllable electric power, size can design according to demand, use in the end of electric actuation flexible polymer Micro-force sensor to carry out End Force and export test, re-use signal amplifier and suitable amplification is carried out to the power exported, use digital multimeter to measure the size of power output, or under use digital versatile list catenation computer real time record, the End Force of flexible actuator export sizes values.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1). the electric actuation flexible polymer with dual actuation effect of the present invention can produce larger distortion under less driving voltage, and himself strength and stiffness is also very large, can provide and comparatively export than the power in own wt more than 50 times;
(2). the conventional flex polymer elasticity modulus under the more equal technological level of electric actuation flexible polymer with dual actuation effect of the present invention can improve about 80%, and deformation velocity is traditional 3 times, and power output is traditional 8 times.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that the present invention has the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, and wherein BT/IPMC represents interpolation nanoscale BaTiO
3the IPMC of particle modified material.
Fig. 2 is power output test result of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is maximum distortion output variable test result of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the actuating picture of electric actuation flexible polymer under 3V DC driven that the present invention has dual actuation effect.
Embodiment:
Please refer to shown in Fig. 1, the electric actuation flexible polymer that the present invention has dual actuation effect comprises flexible material layer, and wherein flexible material layer is multilayer materials, is added with nanoscale BaTiO in flexible material layer inside
3particle modified material, is provided with inside and outside electrode layer the upper and lower surface of flexible material layer is symmetrical from inside to outside respectively.Flexible material layer is that in Nafion solution, dopen Nano level barium titanate curing molding obtains, and plays the effect of actuating in overall structure.Inside and outside electrode layer is that Pt metal or Ag are formed, and wherein inner electrode layer is the internal layer transition electrode infiltrating inner 3 ~ 7 μm of ion exchange layer (flexible material layer), and outer electrode layer is 6 ~ 12 μm of thick outer transition electrodes.
The present invention has the preparation method of the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, comprises the steps:
The first step, prepares flexible material layer: first carry out process in early stage to Nafion solution, be doped to by nano level barium titanate in the Nafion solution handled well, be cured prepare flexible material layer to the Nafion solution after dopen Nano level barium titanate;
Second step, prepare internal and external electrode layer: adopt polyurethane protection in the upper and lower surface of flexible material layer, side after alligatoring, activation, then is statically placed in [Pt (NH
3)
4cl
2] in solution, by following formula reaction plating internal layer electrode:
And then press following formula plating outer electrode:
So far, prepared by internal and external electrode.
Illustrate that the present invention has the preparation method of the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect with a kind of specific embodiment below, step is as follows:
The first step, prepares flexible material layer: Nafion solution is according to the design thickness of regulation, and the nanoscale barium titanate of doping regulation content, mixing curing molding is flexible material layer.
Raw material: ion exchanged soln: Nafion DE520cs, concentration is 5%, and solute is Nafion, and solution is the mixture of sec-butyl alcohol and water 1:1.The nano level barium titanate solution of doping: solute is nano level barium titanate, and solvent is alcohol.Curing agent is dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
Size calculation according to flexible material layer thickness and glass mold goes out the required consumption of Nafion solution and the consumption of barium titanate.The glass mold filling certain solution is put into drying box, and for accelerating concentrated progress but not damaging the characteristic of solution, the temperature controlling drying box is 50 ~ 60 DEG C, and solution is concentrated into 20% ~ 30%.Proportioning is carried out with appropriate nano level barium titanate solution, be doped in the Nafion solution concentrated, dripping in the solution with volume ratio is the amount of DMSO:Nafion=1:40, add appropriate dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) (DMSO) in the Nafion solution being doped with nanoscale barium titanate, be made into casting solution, casting solution is put into supersonic wave cleaning machine concussion 30 minutes, bubble in removing casting solution, again the churned mechanically method of casting solution is stirred 1 hour, to make the even density of casting solution.By the casting solution that stirs as in the baking oven of 50 ~ 60 DEG C, until the mobility of film is low, dry tack free, in order to strengthen shaping after flexible layer performance, the temperature of baking oven is increased to 100 DEG C, keeps 1 hour, again the temperature of baking oven is increased to 120 degree, 1 hour retention time, finally the temperature of baking oven is increased to 140 DEG C, 1 hour retention time, close baking oven, naturally cool to room temperature, film is shaping, and the flexible polymer namely with dual actuation effect activates layer.
Second step, prepares internal and external electrode layer: carry out alligatoring to shaping flexible material layer, makes its surface in frosted shape, then activates, and adopts the method for chemical plating to plate electrode Pt or Ag afterwards and forms internal and external electrode;
A. preliminary treatment
Choose solubility sand grains and polishing alligatoring is carried out to flexible material layer, direction during polishing and flexible material layer surface presentation 45° angle, and make flexible material layer upper and lower surface coarsening rate form different.
Flexible material layer deionized water good for alligatoring is cleaned repeatedly, and puts into supersonic wave cleaning machine vibration 10 ~ 20 minutes, and then flexible material is placed in deionized water is heated to 100 DEG C, and 1 hour retention time.Adopt the method for chemical plating to plate electrode Pt or Ag afterwards and do internal and external electrode.
B. electrode moulding
This dual actuation polymer selects Pt metal to be electrode material.
Internal layer electrode: be placed on by pretreated flexible material in the platinum ammonia solution of 0.01mol/L, leaves standstill 14h.The water-bath beaker being placed with platinum ammonia solution and material layer being placed in 40 DEG C drips 1 ~ 2 dropper reducing agent NaBH every 10min
4, and raise 1 DEG C of temperature, until temperature rises to 60 DEG C of end.Reaction mechanism is after (1) reaction terminates, with ultra-pure water, film is cleaned, and film be placed in the watery hydrochloric acid of 0.1mol/L and 40 DEG C of ultrasonic wave concussions 0.5 minute, clean the metallic particles of bad deposition, eliminate because metallic crystal grows the internal stress produced simultaneously.
Outer electrode: after interior electrode completes, be immersed in by film (volume ratio is 20: 1) in platinum ammonia and ammoniacal liquor mixed solution, put thermostat water bath into, initial temperature is 40 DEG C, drips 5mL reducing agent NH every 10min
2oHCl-N
2h
4mixed solution (volume ratio is 2: 1), raises 2 DEG C by temperature simultaneously, until arrive 60 DEG C.Reduction mechanism is (2).
So far, prepared by internal and external electrode.
The electric actuation flexible polymer so far with dual actuation effect completes.
Please refer to Fig. 1 and shown in composition graphs 3 to Fig. 4, electric actuation flexible polymer the present invention to dual actuation effect carries out testing inspection, to detect the actuation effect of this electric actuation flexible polymer under different voltage.
A. deformation characteristic test
The shaping electric actuation flexible polymer of making is cut into slices according to size requirements, the electric actuation flexible polymer of having cut into slices is clamped in positive and negative electrode two ends, electrode is connected with controllable electric power, re-use the deformation characteristic that laser displacement sensor detects electric actuation flexible polymer, the deformation displacement of electric actuation flexible polymer under laser displacement sensor connection computer recording.Fig. 4 shows under 3V direct voltage, and the electric actuation flexible polymer of different content is in not distortion in the same time.
B. End Force exports test
The nanoscale barium titanate electric actuation flexible polymer making shaping doping different content is connected with controllable electric power, size can design according to demand, use in the end of electric actuation flexible polymer Micro-force sensor to carry out End Force and export test, re-use signal amplifier and suitable amplification is carried out to the power exported, use digital multimeter to measure the size of power output, the End Force of flexible actuator under digital versatile list catenation computer real time record also can be used to export sizes values.
The present invention proposes in IPMC polymeric matrix, add appropriate nanoscale BaTiO
3particle, compound becomes BaTiO
3enhanced ip MC (BT/IPMC), makes nanoscale BaTiO under DC Electric Field
3generation current change effect, thus electric actuation flexible polymer BT/IPMC being become have dual actuation effect.Under DC Electric Field, there are two kinds in BT/IPMC polymeric matrix simultaneously and activate inducement-nanoscale BaTiO
3the fibrillatable of particle reset and hydrated cation to the directional migration of negative electrode.This invention significantly promotes actuation capability and the mechanical property of IPMC.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, can also make some improvement under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, and these improvement also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. have an electric actuation flexible polymer for dual actuation effect, it is characterized in that: comprise flexible material layer, described flexible material layer is multilayer materials, is added with nanoscale BaTiO in described flexible material layer inside
3particle modified material, be provided with inside and outside electrode layer the upper and lower surface of described flexible material layer is symmetrical from inside to outside respectively, described flexible material layer is that in Nafion solution, dopen Nano level barium titanate curing molding obtains, and described inside and outside electrode layer is that Pt metal or Ag are formed.
2. there is the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described inner electrode layer is the internal layer transition electrode infiltrating 3 ~ 7 μm, flexible material layer inside, and outer electrode layer is 6 ~ 12 μm of thick outer transition electrodes.
3. there is a preparation method for the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
The first step, prepares flexible material layer: first carry out process in early stage to Nafion solution, be doped to by nano level barium titanate in the Nafion solution handled well, be cured prepare flexible material layer to the Nafion solution after dopen Nano level barium titanate;
Second step, prepare internal and external electrode layer: adopt polyurethane protection in the upper and lower surface of flexible material layer, side after alligatoring, activation, then is statically placed in [Pt (NH
3)
4cl
2] in solution, by following formula reaction plating internal layer electrode:
and then press following formula plating outer electrode:
so far, prepared by internal and external electrode.
4. there is a method of testing for the electric actuation flexible polymer of dual actuation effect, it is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
A. deformation characteristic test
The shaping electric actuation flexible polymer of making is cut into slices according to size requirements, the electric actuation flexible polymer of having cut into slices is clamped in positive and negative electrode two ends, electrode is connected with controllable electric power, re-use the deformation characteristic that laser displacement sensor detects electric actuation flexible polymer, the deformation displacement of electric actuation flexible polymer under laser displacement sensor connection computer recording;
B. End Force exports test
The nanoscale barium titanate electric actuation flexible polymer making shaping doping different content is connected with controllable electric power, size can design according to demand, use in the end of electric actuation flexible polymer Micro-force sensor to carry out End Force and export test, re-use signal amplifier and suitable amplification is carried out to the power exported, use digital multimeter to measure the size of power output, or under use digital versatile list catenation computer real time record, the End Force of flexible actuator export sizes values.
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| CN108801509A (en) * | 2018-06-20 | 2018-11-13 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of the ionic pressure sensor and its preparation process of gradient-structure |
| CN109160482A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-08 | 苏州海思纳米科技有限公司 | Ion strain transducer and the preparation method and application thereof |
| CN110066485A (en) * | 2019-04-20 | 2019-07-30 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of ionic polymer metal composite material basement membrane 3D preparation method |
| WO2021047155A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | 大连理工大学 | Electronically-controlled bidirectional-bending-type deformation-variable rigidity integrated actuator |
| CN112611317A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-04-06 | 西安交通大学 | Flexoelectric flexible nano-curvature sensor and preparation and test method thereof |
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| WO2021047155A1 (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2021-03-18 | 大连理工大学 | Electronically-controlled bidirectional-bending-type deformation-variable rigidity integrated actuator |
| US11622491B2 (en) | 2019-09-10 | 2023-04-04 | Dalian University Of Technology | Electric controlled bi-directional bending actuator with deformability and stiffness tunable capacity |
| CN112611317A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-04-06 | 西安交通大学 | Flexoelectric flexible nano-curvature sensor and preparation and test method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |