CN104898028A - Distance measurement method and positioning method for single-phase earth fault of overhead line power distribution network - Google Patents
Distance measurement method and positioning method for single-phase earth fault of overhead line power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A distance measurement method and positioning method for a single-phase earth fault of an overhead line power distribution network. The distance measurement method for the single-phase earth fault of the overhead line power distribution network includes: obtaining a function analytic expression representing a change of zero-mode traveling wave speed of a fault point with a fault distance through simulation or a field test; substituting the function analytic expression into a single-end fault distance measurement formula to obtain a single-end fault distance measurement function; obtaining an iterative formula according to the single-end fault distance measurement function; and solving the iterative formula to obtain a fault distance of the fault point to be measured. The distance measurement method and the positioning method for the single-phase earth fault of the overhead line power distribution network provided by the invention realize accurate positioning of a single-phase earth fault of a multi-branch overhead line power distribution network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pole line distribution network failure field of locating technology, particularly a kind of distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network and localization method.
Background technology
China's pole line power distribution network generally adopts small current neutral grounding mode to run, structure mostly be closed loop design, open loop operation tree-like radial.Because the running environment of pole line power distribution network is complicated, singlephase earth fault probability is high, affects the safe and reliable operation of pole line power distribution network.After there is singlephase earth fault, traditional disposal route is that the method wastes time and energy by artificial line walking looking up the fault point.Study distance-finding method and the localization method of singlephase earth fault accurately and effectively, power supply reliability, the minimizing loss of outage improving pole line power distribution network is had great importance.
The distance-finding method of singlephase earth fault and localization method mainly contain impedance method and traveling wave method two kinds.Impedance method is comparatively large by the impact of the factors such as fault resstance, line load, transformer error and power parameter, and practical application effect is unsatisfactory; Traveling wave method principle is simple, accuracy is high, applies more in electric system.Traveling wave method is adopted to find range to pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network and locate and be mainly divided into two classes: a class injects diagnostic signal at bus end find range and locate; Another kind of is utilize the electric characteristic of fault traveling wave to carry out finding range and locating.Utilize the electric characteristic of fault traveling wave to carry out finding range and locate saturated by mutual inductor, fault initial phase angle, fault resstance and system operation mode impact less, become the focus of Recent study.
The electric characteristic of fault traveling wave is utilized to carry out finding range according to one-end fault ranging formula
obtain fault distance, wherein, S is fault distance, v
1for line line wave velocity, v
0be zero line wave velocity, Δ t is the mistiming that zero mould wave head and line mould wave head arrive measuring junction.As can be seen from described one-end fault ranging formula, utilizing the electric characteristic of fault traveling wave to carry out finding range and locating is according to zero line ripple and line line wave propagation velocity is poor and the mistiming of zero mould wave head and line mould wave head arrival measuring junction carries out, only need the Mintrop wave head identifying fault traveling wave, do not need to reflect wave head, the key issue of the method is the Accurate Determining of zero line wave velocity.There is due to pole line power distribution network the features such as branch is more, complex structure, the fault traveling wave communication process of multi-branched power distribution network has more complicated refraction and reflex than conventional line, the fault traveling wave that head end detects contains the reflection wave head from each node, how to utilize the electric characteristic of fault traveling wave to find range exactly to pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network and location is still one, this area problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
To be solved by this invention is utilize the electric characteristic of fault traveling wave to the problem that multi-branched pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network is found range and Position location accuracy is low.
For solving the problem, the invention provides a kind of distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, comprising: the function analytic expression v that the zero line wave velocity obtaining trouble spot by emulation or site test changes with fault distance
0=f (S), wherein, v
0for zero line wave velocity of trouble spot, S is fault distance; Described function analytic expression is substituted into one-end fault ranging formula and obtains one-end fault ranging function
wherein, v
1for the line line wave velocity of trouble spot, Δ t is the mistiming that zero mould wave head of trouble spot and the line mould wave head of trouble spot arrive measuring junction; Iterative formula is obtained according to described one-end fault ranging function
wherein, S
k+1for kth+1 iteration result, S
kfor kth time iteration result, k is iterations; Solve described iterative formula to obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured.
The distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network provided by the invention, zero line wave velocity corresponding to different faults distance is just obtained by emulation or site test, zero line wave velocity of trouble spot to be measured again need not be measured when thus adopting the method to find range to pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, only need obtain the line mould wave head of trouble spot to be measured and the time of zero mould wave head arrival measuring junction, improve the accuracy that multi-branched pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network is found range, and simplify ranging step.
Optionally, describedly obtain by emulation or site test the function analytic expression v that zero line wave velocity changes with fault distance
0=f (S) comprising:
Step a: carry out emulating or site test pole line power distribution network in the known testing failure point of fault distance is set, obtain zero line ripple of testing failure point at measuring junction;
Step b: the zero line ripple transmission time obtaining testing failure point according to zero line ripple of testing failure point;
Step c: the zero line wave velocity of fault distance divided by the zero line ripple transmission time acquisition testing failure point of testing failure point equaling testing failure point according to zero line wave velocity of testing failure point;
Steps d: the position changing testing failure point, repeated execution of steps a at least one times ~ step c, obtains the zero line wave velocity that testing failure point is corresponding when different faults distance;
Step e: carry out data fitting according to testing failure point zero corresponding line wave velocity when different faults distance, obtain described function analytic expression.
Optionally, in stepb, the zero line ripple transmission time of testing failure point is obtained according to the singularity of small echo.
Optionally, described one-end fault ranging formula is
Based on the distance-finding method of above-mentioned pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, the present invention also provides a kind of localization method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, comprising: utilize the distance-finding method of above-mentioned pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network to obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured; Possible breakdown point is obtained according to the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured and the topological structure of pole line power distribution network; Obtain the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node; The mistiming of the Mintrop wave head of reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point is obtained according to Δ t'=2L/v, wherein, Δ t' is the mistiming of the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the Mintrop wave head of the reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point, L is the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node, and v is traveling wave speed degree; Judge whether the position of the time phase difference Δ t' arriving measuring junction on the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured with the Mintrop wave head of the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured exists wave head; If there is wave head, then judge that possible breakdown point is exactly trouble spot to be measured, otherwise judge that possible breakdown point is not trouble spot to be measured.
After the fault distance obtaining trouble spot to be measured, by finding the Mintrop wave head from the reflected traveling wave of the end reflection node in downstream, trouble spot to be measured, and occur that non-faulting section is got rid of in position according to the Mintrop wave head of reflected traveling wave, thus achieve the accurate location of multi-branched pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
The distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network provided by the invention and localization method, the function analytic expression that the zero line wave velocity utilizing zero line wave velocity of trouble spot and the monotonic relationshi of fault distance to obtain trouble spot changes with fault distance.This function analytic expression is combined with the one-end fault ranging formula based on line line ripple and zero line wave propagation velocity difference, proposes the iterative algorithm of pole line Fault Location for Distribution Network.Under the prerequisite of known fault distance, by finding the Mintrop wave head from the reflected traveling wave of the end reflection node in downstream, trouble spot to be measured, and occur that non-faulting section is got rid of in position according to the Mintrop wave head of reflected traveling wave, thus achieve the accurate location of multi-branched pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the distance-finding method of the pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the fault traveling wave of the testing failure point of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is zero line ripple and the line line ripple of the testing failure point of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is zero line ripple transmission time of fault distance acquisition and the zero line wave velocity of correspondence that the embodiment of the present invention changes testing failure point;
Fig. 5 is the family curve that zero line wave velocity that the embodiment of the present invention carries out the testing failure point of data fitting acquisition changes with fault distance;
Fig. 6 is that the embodiment of the present invention carries out emulating the data obtained;
Fig. 7 is the topological structure schematic diagram of the pole line power distribution network of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point Q1 in Fig. 7 and the transmission path schematic diagram of reflected traveling wave.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, to the detailed description further of the present invention's do, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of the distance-finding method of the pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network of the embodiment of the present invention, and the distance-finding method of described pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network comprises:
Step S11: the function analytic expression that the zero line wave velocity obtaining trouble spot by emulation or site test changes with fault distance.Described function analytic expression is v
0=f (S), wherein, v
0for zero line wave velocity of trouble spot, S is fault distance.
Particularly, described step S11 comprises the following steps:
Step a: carry out emulating or site test pole line power distribution network in the known testing failure point of fault distance is set, obtain zero line ripple of testing failure point at measuring junction.Particularly, by arranging testing failure point in pole line power distribution network, oscillograph can be adopted to obtain the fault traveling wave of testing failure point, zero line ripple and line line ripple at measuring junction.Fig. 2 is the fault traveling wave of the testing failure point of the present embodiment, and Fig. 3 is zero line ripple and the line line ripple of the testing failure point of the present embodiment, and the fault traveling wave of testing failure point is the superposition of zero line ripple and line line ripple.
Step b: the zero line ripple transmission time obtaining testing failure point according to zero line ripple of testing failure point.Particularly, on zero line ripple of testing failure point, demarcate the time of zero mould wave head arrival measuring junction of trouble spot according to the Singularity Detection principle of small echo, the time of zero mould wave head arrival measuring junction of trouble spot deducts time of failure and was for zero line ripple transmission time.Those skilled in the art know the Singularity Detection principle of small echo, do not repeat them here.
Step c: the zero line wave velocity of fault distance divided by the zero line ripple transmission time acquisition testing failure point of testing failure point equaling testing failure point according to zero line wave velocity of testing failure point.
Steps d: the position changing testing failure point, repeated execution of steps a at least one times ~ step c, obtains the zero line wave velocity that testing failure point is corresponding when different faults distance.It should be noted that, the number of times of repeated execution of steps a ~ step c can be arranged according to the actual requirements.Multiplicity is more, and the range measurement of acquisition is more accurate.Fig. 4 is zero line ripple transmission time of fault distance acquisition and the zero line wave velocity of correspondence that the present embodiment changes testing failure point.It should be noted that, the number of times of the present embodiment repeated execution of steps a ~ step c is more than 9 times, and Fig. 4 is only the present embodiment to carry out emulating or the partial data of site test.
Step e: carry out data fitting according to testing failure point zero corresponding line wave velocity when different faults distance, obtain described function analytic expression.Those skilled in the art know, and the method for data fitting has multiple, such as, least square method can be adopted to carry out data fitting.Fig. 5 is the family curve that zero line wave velocity that the present embodiment carries out the testing failure point of data fitting acquisition changes with fault distance.
Continue with reference to figure 1, step S12: described function analytic expression is substituted into one-end fault ranging formula and obtains one-end fault ranging function.Described one-end fault ranging formula belongs to prior art, for
by described function analytic expression v
0=f (S) substitutes into described one-end fault ranging formula
zero line wave velocity v of middle elimination trouble spot
0, the one-end fault ranging function of acquisition is
wherein, v
1for the line line wave velocity of trouble spot, Δ t is the mistiming that zero mould wave head of trouble spot and the line mould wave head of trouble spot arrive measuring junction.
Step S13: obtain iterative formula according to described one-end fault ranging function.Described one-end fault ranging function is the function about self, thus can obtain iterative formula to be
wherein, S
k+1for kth+1 iteration result, S
kfor kth time iteration result, k is iterations.
Step S14: solve described iterative formula to obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured.Particularly, when pole line power distribution network generation singlephase earth fault, line line ripple and the zero line ripple of trouble spot to be measured is obtained at measuring junction oscillograph, and on the line line ripple of trouble spot to be measured, the time of the line mould wave head arrival measuring junction of trouble spot to be measured is demarcated according to the Singularity Detection principle of small echo, the zero mould wave head that zero line ripple of trouble spot to be measured is demarcated trouble spot to be measured arrives the time of measuring junction, and the line mould wave head of the zero mould wave head and trouble spot to be measured that obtain trouble spot to be measured arrives the mistiming of measuring junction.Further, the line line wave velocity of trouble spot to be measured equals the line line ripple transmission time of fault distance divided by trouble spot to be measured of trouble spot to be measured.The line mould wave head of zero mould wave head of trouble spot to be measured and trouble spot to be measured is arrived the mistiming of measuring junction and the line line wave velocity of trouble spot to be measured to substitute into described iterative formula and solve, the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured can be obtained.
For the accuracy that checking adopts the method for the present embodiment to find range to pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, the present embodiment emulates, and Fig. 6 is that the present embodiment carries out emulating the data obtained.Wherein, the fault distance arranged when fault distance is emulation, measuring distance is the fault distance obtained according to the distance-finding method of the pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network of the present embodiment.As can be seen from Figure 6, the measuring error adopting the distance-finding method of the pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network of the present embodiment to obtain is minimum.
The embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of localization method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, and the localization method of described pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network comprises:
Obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured.The fault distance of described trouble spot to be measured can the distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network according to Fig. 1 obtain, and additive method also can be adopted to obtain, and the present invention is not construed as limiting this.
Possible breakdown point is obtained according to the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured and the topological structure of pole line power distribution network.Particularly, for the topological structure of the pole line power distribution network shown in Fig. 7, if the fault distance obtaining trouble spot to be measured is 8km, then there is possible breakdown point Q1 and possible breakdown point Q2.Wherein, possible breakdown point Q1 is positioned at D
2d
3part of path, its end reflection node is D
3; Possible breakdown point Q2 is positioned at D
2d
4part of path, its end reflection node is D
4.
Obtain the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node.Particularly, because the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured is known, the distance of each part of path is also known, thus can obtain the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node.Such as, for possible breakdown point Q1, D
1d
2part of path distance is 6km, D
2d
3part of path distance is 3km, and the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured is 8km, thus possible breakdown point Q1 and its end reflection node D
3between distance be: 6km+3km-8km=1km.Adopt same algorithm, obtain possible breakdown point Q2 and its end reflection node D
4between distance be 2km.
The mistiming of the Mintrop wave head of reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point is obtained according to Δ t'=2L/v, wherein, Δ t' is the mistiming of the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the Mintrop wave head of the reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point, L is the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node, v is traveling wave speed degree, the i.e. light velocity.Particularly, the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point Q1 and the transmission path of reflected traveling wave is shown for possible breakdown point Q1, Fig. 8.By the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point Q1 and the transmission path of reflected traveling wave known, the difference of the reflected traveling wave transmission range of possible breakdown point Q1 and the fault traveling wave transmission range of possible breakdown point Q1 is possible breakdown point Q1 and its end reflection node D
3between the twice of distance, i.e. 2km.Therefore, the mistiming of the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the Mintrop wave head of the reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point Q1 and the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point is: 2km/v; The mistiming of the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the Mintrop wave head of the reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point Q2 and the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point is: 4km/v.
Judge whether the position of the time phase difference Δ t' arriving measuring junction on the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured with the Mintrop wave head of the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured exists wave head.Still for possible breakdown point Q1, oscillograph is adopted to obtain the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured at the measuring junction of the pole line power distribution network that singlephase earth fault occurs, the Mintrop wave head obtaining the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured arrives time of measuring junction, then judges and whether position that the Mintrop wave head of fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured arrives the time phase difference 2km/v of measuring junction exists wave head.If there is wave head, then judge that possible breakdown point Q1 is exactly trouble spot to be measured, otherwise judge that possible breakdown point Q2 is not trouble spot to be measured.
Whether it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, possible breakdown point is only two, be trouble spot to be measured by knowing another possible breakdown point after judging one of them possible breakdown point.In actual location, possible breakdown point may be multiple, thus needs to adopt said method to judge multiple possible breakdown point successively.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not do any pro forma restriction to the present invention, every any simple modification, equivalent variations done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, all falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a distance-finding method for pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, is characterized in that, comprising:
The function analytic expression v that the zero line wave velocity obtaining trouble spot by emulation or site test changes with fault distance
0=f (S), wherein, v
0for zero line wave velocity of trouble spot, S is fault distance;
Described function analytic expression is substituted into one-end fault ranging formula and obtains one-end fault ranging function
wherein, v
1for the line line wave velocity of trouble spot, Δ t is the mistiming that zero mould wave head of trouble spot and the line mould wave head of trouble spot arrive measuring junction;
Iterative formula is obtained according to described one-end fault ranging function
wherein, S
k+1for kth+1 iteration result, S
kfor kth time iteration result, k is iterations;
Solve described iterative formula to obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured.
2. the distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, describedly obtains by emulation or site test the function analytic expression v that zero line wave velocity changes with fault distance
0=f (S) comprising:
Step a: carry out emulating or site test pole line power distribution network in the known testing failure point of fault distance is set, obtain zero line ripple of testing failure point at measuring junction;
Step b: the zero line ripple transmission time obtaining testing failure point according to zero line ripple of testing failure point;
Step c: the zero line wave velocity of fault distance divided by the zero line ripple transmission time acquisition testing failure point of testing failure point equaling testing failure point according to zero line wave velocity of testing failure point;
Steps d: the position changing testing failure point, repeated execution of steps a at least one times ~ step c, obtains the zero line wave velocity that testing failure point is corresponding when different faults distance;
Step e: carry out data fitting according to testing failure point zero corresponding line wave velocity when different faults distance, obtain described function analytic expression.
3. the distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in stepb, obtains the zero line ripple transmission time of testing failure point according to the Singularity Detection principle of small echo.
4. the distance-finding method of pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described one-end fault ranging formula is
5. a localization method for pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network, is characterized in that, comprising:
The distance-finding method of the pole line one-phase earthing failure in electric distribution network described in any one of claim 1 ~ 4 is utilized to obtain the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured;
Possible breakdown point is obtained according to the fault distance of trouble spot to be measured and the topological structure of pole line power distribution network;
Obtain the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node;
The mistiming of the Mintrop wave head of reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point is obtained according to Δ t'=2L/v, wherein, Δ t' is the mistiming of the Mintrop wave head arrival measuring junction of the Mintrop wave head of the reflected traveling wave of possible breakdown point and the fault traveling wave of possible breakdown point, L is the distance between possible breakdown point and its end reflection node, and v is traveling wave speed degree;
Judge whether the position of the time phase difference Δ t' arriving measuring junction on the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured with the Mintrop wave head of the fault traveling wave of trouble spot to be measured exists wave head;
If there is wave head, then judge that possible breakdown point is exactly trouble spot to be measured, otherwise judge that possible breakdown point is not trouble spot to be measured.
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| CN108008255A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 江苏亚开电气有限公司 | A kind of medium voltage distribution network fault fast positioning device and localization method |
| CN108693446A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-10-23 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of Fault Locating Method of non-synchronous sampling power grid transient state travelling wave modulus time difference |
| CN108693446B (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2019-05-17 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of Fault Locating Method of non-synchronous sampling power grid transient state travelling wave modulus time difference |
| CN113156266A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-23 | 华中科技大学 | Power distribution network fault positioning method based on voltage distribution and traveling wave characteristics along line |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |