CN104897575A - Device and methods for observing plant root system fine structure in lossless manner - Google Patents
Device and methods for observing plant root system fine structure in lossless manner Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897575A CN104897575A CN201510379885.5A CN201510379885A CN104897575A CN 104897575 A CN104897575 A CN 104897575A CN 201510379885 A CN201510379885 A CN 201510379885A CN 104897575 A CN104897575 A CN 104897575A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device for observing a plant root system fine structure in a lossless manner. The device mainly comprises a system control and data processor, an image collection system, a high precision vertical electric control lifting table, a high precision electric control rotary table and a plant growth device; the image collection system comprises a bracket, a slide device, an optical path amplification system and an image collector A; the high precision electric control rotary table is placed on the high precision vertical electric control lifting table and contact surfaces between the high precision electric control rotary table and the high precision vertical electric control lifting table are fastened by a fastener; the plant growth device is placed on the high precision electric control rotary table; the plant growth device comprises a topless bottomless transparent cylindrical container, a bottom vessel and two metal rings with notches. The invention also provides two methods for performing root system scanning by adopting the device. By using the device and the methods, in situ lossless observation for a root system fine structure such as mycorrhiza and root hairs can be realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the device of harmless observation root system of plant microtexture, and at the fine structure of root system as the harmless observation procedure of root hair, mycorhiza, belong to root system of plant and can't harm observation technology field.
Background technology
At present, the main method of root system observation, for cut open the method for digging completely, namely takes root system, and utilizes relevant device to observe root system, thisly cuts open the method for digging completely to the destructiveness of root system comparatively greatly, and is difficult to the Continuous Observation realizing root system life cycle.The original position of root system can't harm observation procedure and mainly contains mini-rhizotron method, ground penetrating radar lossless detection method, X-ray scanning method, but the imaging resolution of these class methods poor (centimetre or grade), can only observe radicula level, and other root hair of submillimeter level cannot be observed, mycorhiza etc.Due to root hair, the moisture of mycorhiza for plant and the absorption of nutriment, there is material impact the aspect such as to grow of plant, and therefore the micromechanism of harmless observation root system of plant is very necessary.And at present, do not have the method that can realize original position, can't harm, conveniently observe mycorhiza, root hair.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for existing observation technology and observation method Problems existing, provide a kind of can realization to carry out to microtexture such as mycorhiza, the root hair of root system the apparatus and method that original position can't harm observation.This device can realize observing the microtexture of root system of plant, and can record the information such as root hair, mycorhiza in root system.
The device of harmless observation root system of plant microtexture of the present invention, mainly comprises: Systematical control and data processor 1, image capturing system 2, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage 4 and plant growing device 5, described image capturing system comprises support 21, carriage 22, light path amplification system 23 and image acquisition device A 24, wherein light path amplification system 23 is connected with support 21 by carriage 22, relative movement can be there is, image acquisition device A 24 is connected by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system 23, is positioned over its rear end, described Systematical control passes through connection with data processor 1 separated image collector A, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage, high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, prevents high precision electric control universal stage 4 electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 vertical with high precision from relative motion occurring, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, described plant growing device 5 comprises without the bottomless transparent cylinder container in top, bottom vessel 52 and two quoits 54 jaggy, described transparent cylinder container is made up of more than 2 or 2 assemblies 51, each assembly comprises an arc retaining wall 511 and two baffle plates 512, two quoits jaggy are staggeredly placed in cylindrical container outer wall up and down, fastening whole cylindrical container, described quoit breach arc length jaggy is more than or equal to the arc length of an assembly arc retaining wall, transparent cylinder container is positioned in bottom vessel 52, described transparent cylinder container outer wall overlaps with bottom inner wall of utensil is seamless, there is a concave point 53 vessel center, described bottom, there is a projection at high precision electric control universal stage 4 center, match with described concave point 53, to make the axis coinciding of plant growing device 5 axle center and high precision electric control universal stage, prevent plant growing device 5 in rotary course, position skew is there is because of centrifugal force.
Further, the device of described harmless observation root system of plant microtexture also comprises image acquisition device B 25, image acquisition device B 25 is fixedly connected with by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system, be positioned over light path amplification system front end, image acquisition device B 25 also passes through connection with Systematical control and data processor 1.
Further, the device of described harmless observation root system of plant microtexture also comprises control light source 26 and optical fiber passes light beam 27, and Systematical control and data processor 1 also pass through connection with control light source 26, and optical fiber passes light beam and is connected on control light source.When root system imaging condition is not enough, can opens and control light source 26, guarantee image acquisition brightness and sharpness.
Plant growing device is made up of transparent material, the device can made for the transparent material such as glass, plastics, and waterproof bag can be overlapped in described plant growing device bottom, prevents water loss.
The soil of same nature can be placed in each assembly of described transparent cylinder container or place soil of different nature respectively, as rich soil, dead soil etc., placement heterogeneity soil, can be used to observe the root growth situation of same plant in the assembly containing heterogeneity soil.
A kind of device of above-mentioned harmless observation root system of plant microtexture that adopts carries out the method that root system of plant can't harm observation, high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection, carry out whole scan, step is as follows: Systematical control and data processor 1 control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, by the root system lifting bottom plant growing device 5 to the position that image acquisition device A24 can collect, when once declining on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision carries out, high precision electric control universal stage 4 will rotate a circle, its rotational speed will be slower than the frequency acquisition of image acquisition device A 24, and the radian length of each anglec of rotation of high precision electric control universal stage is less than the picture traverse that image acquisition device A 24 can gather, after collection completes one week, control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision again to decline, falling head is less than the true altitude that image acquisition device A 24 can collect, control image acquisition device A 24 again and gather one week, until complete root system whole scan.Like this in order to avoid occur that in root system image acquisition process some region does not collect the situation of image.When whole scan is carried out to root system of plant microtexture, both can scan from top to bottom as stated above, also can scan from top to bottom.
A kind of device of harmless observation root system of plant microtexture that adopts carries out the method that root system of plant can't harm observation, high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection, carry out root area accurate scan, step is as follows: the image first being obtained root system to be scanned by image acquisition device B 25, the root system image to be scanned collected is positioned at the center that image acquisition device B 25 takes image, Systematical control and data processor 1 control high precision electric control universal stage 4 electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 vertical with high precision cooperative motion, make root system to be scanned enter in the acquisition range of image acquisition device A24, adjustment light path amplification system and the distance observing root system, make device can obtain microcosmic root system image clearly, image acquisition device A 24 collects mycorhiza after light path amplification system 23 is amplified and the microstructural picture rich in detail such as root hair, its frequency acquisition is higher than the motion frequency of cooperative motion, make observation area that image does not occur like this and leak territory, exploiting field phenomenon, image acquisition device A 24 according to root system position with move towards to gather root system feature image to be scanned.This kind of mode be according to root system position with walk the always accurate motion automatically regulating universal stage and lifting table.
The image that image acquisition device A is obtained by light path amplification system is the most clear.Light path amplification system can realize different enlargement factors by regulating different object lens from eyepiece.
When improving micro image collection sharpness, the arc retaining wall of plant growing device can be unloaded, concrete grammar is as follows:
Two quoits on rotation plant growing device overlap in the vertical direction to the position of breach, make the retaining wall needing look-out station fall within the scope of quoit breach simultaneously, take off arc retaining wall; Whole scan or root area accurate scan are carried out in the position of adjustment light path amplification system and observation area.
Relative to prior art, the invention provides a kind of plant growing device, achieve the relevant information of harmless observation root system.The harmless observation of this device to the root growth and development of the root system of same plant under Different Nutrients moisture condition provides new method.This device utilizes Systematical control and data processor 1 can realize the record of the robotization of root system view data simultaneously.This device utilizes and controls light source and light path amplification system, can realize the acquisition of root system micro-scale information, as the harmless observation of root system mycorhiza, root hair.The present invention is generalized to micro-scale by can't harm observation to the original position of root system, and this all has good use value in the growing of root system of plant, mycorhiza and the effect of root hair in growth and development of plants, Plant Root Architecture, root system and Soil relation etc.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is device schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is plant growing device schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is root area accurate scan control flow chart.
Accompanying drawing is wherein designated:
1, Systematical control and data processor; 2, image capturing system; 3, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform of high precision; 4, high precision electric control universal stage; 5, plant growing device; 6, measuring plants is treated; 21, support; 22, carriage; 23, light path amplification system; 24, image acquisition device A; 25, image acquisition device B; 26, light source is controlled; 27, optical fiber passes light beam; 51, assembly; 52, bottom vessel; 53, concave point; 54, quoit jaggy; 511, arc retaining wall; 512, baffle plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of apparatus of the present invention.Apparatus of the present invention mainly comprise Systematical control and data processor 1, image capturing system 2, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage 4 and plant growing device 5; Described image capturing system 2 comprises support 21, carriage 22, light path amplification system 23, image acquisition device A 24, image acquisition device B 25, controls light source 26 and optical fiber biography light beam 27, wherein light path amplification system 23 is connected with support 21 by carriage 22, relative movement can be there is, image acquisition device B 25 is fixedly connected with by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system, be positioned over light path amplification system front end, image acquisition device A24 is connected by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system, is positioned over its rear end; Described Systematical control and data processor respectively with image acquisition device A, image acquisition device B, control light source, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage pass through connection;
As shown in Figure 2, plant growing device 5 comprises without bottomless transparent cylinder container, bottom vessel 52 and two quoits 54 jaggy in top, transparent cylinder container is made up of 6 same components 51, and each assembly comprises an arc retaining wall 511 and two baffle plates 512, assembly is combined to form without the bottomless transparent cylinder container in top, two quoits about 54 jaggy are staggeredly placed in cylindrical container outer wall, realize the fastening of assembly, quoit breach arc length is all more than or equal to the arc length of an assembly arc retaining wall, transparent cylinder container is placed in the bottom vessel 52 of a shallow mouth, transparent cylinder container outer wall can realize seamless coincidence with the inwall of bottom vessel, thus prevent soil to run off from the lower end of assembly, there is a concave point 53 vessel center, bottom, there is a projection at high precision electric control universal stage 4 center, match with described concave point 53,
High precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, both are fixed by screw by surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection.
Can also upwards overlap a telescopic sack below the vessel of bottom, prevent water loss further.
Soil is placed, for plant growth in each assembly.Can select to place identical soil in each assembly, be used for observing the root growth situation of same plant in soil; Also can select to place different soil in each assembly, be used for observing the root growth situation of same plant under different soil.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment is overall acquisition method, and for scan from top to bottom.In embodiment, image acquisition device is all ccd image collector, and pixel resolution is: 1024 × 768.
1) high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with screw by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection;
2) Systematical control and data processor 1 control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision has the position of root system to move to the position that can be collected by image acquisition device A 24 at plant growing device 5 top, picture-taken frequency in whole gatherer process is set to 10 frames per minute, then, control high precision electric control universal stage 4 to rotate, high precision electric control universal stage 4 reception per minute 10 pulses, each anglec of rotation is 0.00125 °, the radian length of this anglec of rotation is less than the picture traverse that image acquisition device A 24 can gather, it is 2.5 seconds that high precision electric control universal stage rotates required time at every turn.High precision electric control universal stage completes rotation, and time static, image acquisition device starts to gather image.High precision electric control universal stage 4 rotates a circle, and image acquisition device A 24 gathers one week;
3) control the lifting of high precision vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3, rising height is less than the true altitude that image acquisition device A24 can gather image, then, controls high precision electric control universal stage 4 and rotates, afterwards with step 2) later step is identical;
4) step 3 is repeated) until complete whole scan.
Embodiment 3
Repeat no more with embodiment 2 something in common, difference is to adopt and scans from top to bottom, other steps are identical, step 2) in Systematical control control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision with data processor 1 and move to the position that can be collected by image acquisition device A 24, step 3 by there being the position of root system bottom plant growing device 5) middlely control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision and decline.
Embodiment 4
Repeat no more with embodiment 2 something in common, difference is that in this example, imaging condition is not enough, open and control light source 26, guarantee image acquisition device A 24 gather brightness and the sharpness of root system image, then according to the step 1 of embodiment 2)-4) operated whole scan.
Embodiment 5
The present embodiment is root area accurate scan method, and its scan control flow process as shown in Figure 3.In embodiment, image acquisition device is all ccd image collector, and pixel resolution is: 1024 × 768.
1) high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with screw by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection;
2) ccd image collector B 25 gathers the image of region to be scanned root system: observe root system image to be scanned whether take the center of image at image acquisition device B 25, if not in center, then need to regulate high precision electric control universal stage 4 electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 vertical with high precision cooperative motion by Systematical control and data processor 1, until the root system image to be scanned collected is positioned at the center that image acquisition device B 25 takes image;
3) Systematical control and data processor 1 control high precision electric control universal stage 4 electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 vertical with high precision cooperative motion again, make root system to be scanned enter in the acquisition range of image acquisition device A24: if root system at ccd image collector A 24 gather the upper left side of image-region, then control high precision electric control universal stage 4 counterclockwise movement, then control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision to decline, the reference position being adjusted to root system to be observed is in the center of light path amplification system light path 23;
4) light path amplification system 23 and the distance observing root system is adjusted again, make device can obtain microcosmic root system image clearly, then scanned by image acquisition device A24, image acquisition device A 24 according to root system position with move towards the microstructural pictures rich in detail such as the mycorhiza of the root system to be scanned gathered after light path amplification system 23 is amplified and root hair, the frequency acquisition of image acquisition device A and the motion frequency of high precision electric control universal stage are with embodiment 2.
Embodiment 6
The present embodiment is after the arc retaining wall taking off assembly in plant growing device, carries out the process of root system whole scan.
1) high precision electric control universal stage 4 is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform 3 of high precision, and with screw by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device 5 is put on high precision electric control universal stage 4, and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection; Rotate quoit jaggy, make two breach locate in the vertical direction to overlap and be in the arc retaining wall place needing to take out, taking out corresponding arc retaining wall;
Step 2)-4) identical with embodiment 2.
5), after root system observation terminates, by the device assembly that takes out according to initial position, ressemble, allow plant can continued growth.Reduce the impact on plant growth as much as possible.
Claims (8)
1. the device of harmless observation root system of plant microtexture, it is characterized in that, mainly comprise: Systematical control and data processor (1), image capturing system (2), the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage (4) and plant growing device (5), described image capturing system comprises support (21), carriage (22), light path amplification system (23) and image acquisition device A (24), wherein light path amplification system is connected with support by carriage, image acquisition device A (24) is connected by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system (23), is positioned over its rear end, described Systematical control and data processor (1) pass through connection with image acquisition device A, the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform of high precision, high precision electric control universal stage respectively, high precision electric control universal stage (4) is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device (5) is put on high precision electric control universal stage (4), described plant growing device (5) comprises without the bottomless transparent cylinder container in top, bottom vessel (52) and two quoits jaggy (54), described transparent cylinder container is made up of more than 2 or 2 assemblies (51), each assembly comprises an arc retaining wall (511) and two baffle plates (512), two quoits jaggy are staggeredly placed in cylindrical container outer wall up and down, fastening whole cylindrical container, described quoit breach arc length jaggy is more than or equal to the arc length of an assembly arc retaining wall, transparent cylinder container is positioned in bottom vessel (52), described transparent cylinder container outer wall overlaps with bottom inner wall of utensil is seamless, there is a concave point (53) vessel center, described bottom, there is a projection at high precision electric control universal stage (4) center, match with described concave point (53).
2. the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise image acquisition device B (25), image acquisition device B (25) is fixedly connected with by general-purpose interface with light path amplification system (23), be positioned over light path amplification system front end, image acquisition device B (25) also passes through connection with Systematical control and data processor (1).
3. the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise and control light source (26) and optical fiber biography light beam (27), Systematical control and data processor (1) also pass through connection with control light source, and optical fiber passes light beam and is connected directly between on control light source.
4. the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, there is waterproof bag described plant growing device (5) bottom.
5. adopt the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism as claimed in claim 1 to carry out a method for image acquisition, this acquisition method is whole scan method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) high precision electric control universal stage (4) is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device (5) is put on high precision electric control universal stage (4), and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection;
2) Systematical control and data processor (1) control high precision vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) and plant growing device (5) top or bottom root system are moved to the position that image acquisition device A (24) can collect, when the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision is elevated next time, high precision electric control universal stage (4) will rotate a circle, its rotational speed will be slower than the frequency acquisition of image acquisition device A (24), and the radian length of each anglec of rotation of high precision electric control universal stage is less than the picture traverse that image acquisition device A (24) can gather,
3) control the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision and carry out rise/fall next time, displacement is less than the true altitude that image acquisition device A (24) can collect, then controls image acquisition device A (24) collection one week;
4) step 3 is repeated) until complete region-wide scanning.
6. adopt the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism as claimed in claim 1 to carry out a method for image acquisition, this acquisition method is root area accurate scan method, it is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
1) high precision electric control universal stage (4) is positioned on the vertical electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) of high precision, and with securing member by fastening for both surface of contact, plant growing device (5) is put on high precision electric control universal stage (4), and the circle centre position concave point of plant growing device overlaps with the point of high precision electric control universal stage rotation center projection;
2) first obtained the image of root system to be scanned by image acquisition device B (25), the root system image to be scanned collected is positioned at the center that image acquisition device B (25) takes image;
3) Systematical control and data processor (1) control high precision electric control universal stage (4) electrical-controlled lifting platform (3) vertical with high precision cooperative motion, make root system to be scanned enter in the acquisition range of image acquisition device A (24);
4) image acquisition device A (24) collects mycorhiza after light path amplification system (23) is amplified and the microstructural picture rich in detail such as root hair, its frequency acquisition higher than the motion frequency of cooperative motion, image acquisition device A (24) according to root system position with move towards to gather root system feature image to be scanned.
7. a kind of method adopting the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism to carry out image acquisition as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, step 1) described in plant growing device (5) the arc retaining wall (511) of one or more assembly (51) be removed.
8. a kind of method adopting the device of harmless observation root system of plant micromechanism to carry out image acquisition as claimed in claim 6, it is characterized in that, step 1) described in plant growing device (5) the arc retaining wall (511) of one or more assembly (51) be removed.
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| CN201510379885.5A CN104897575A (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2015-07-01 | Device and methods for observing plant root system fine structure in lossless manner |
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| CN105277562A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 上海泽泉科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring growth of plant root system in real time |
| CN108489900A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-09-04 | 中国科学院自动化研究所 | More visual field micro imaging systems and method |
| EP3409100A1 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-05 | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Phenotyping apparatus |
| CN113985403A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
| CN114062402A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-18 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Root system form observation device and method under mining influence |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105277562A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-01-27 | 上海泽泉科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for monitoring growth of plant root system in real time |
| CN105277562B (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2018-05-25 | 上海泽泉科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method and device of real-time monitoring plant root growth |
| EP3409100A1 (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2018-12-05 | Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) | Phenotyping apparatus |
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| CN110958836A (en) * | 2017-05-29 | 2020-04-03 | 国家农艺研究院 | Phenotypic analysis apparatus |
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| CN114062402A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2022-02-18 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Root system form observation device and method under mining influence |
| CN113985403A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
| CN113985403B (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-08-12 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Mobile dune clone plant rhizome growth monitoring equipment |
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Application publication date: 20150909 |