CN104897429B - Adopt bedding plane landslide test method in mine - Google Patents
Adopt bedding plane landslide test method in mine Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897429B CN104897429B CN201510370234.XA CN201510370234A CN104897429B CN 104897429 B CN104897429 B CN 104897429B CN 201510370234 A CN201510370234 A CN 201510370234A CN 104897429 B CN104897429 B CN 104897429B
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Abstract
Bedding plane landslide test method is adopted the invention discloses a kind of mine, step is as follows：Weigh simulation sliding surface rock stratum material requested and be well mixed, the water added in mixing material dissolved with retarder stirs to form sliding surface formation material, one layer of butter is uniformly smeared on variable sliding surface, the sliding surface formation material prepared is loaded in model framework, until the sliding surface formation model of simulation completes, the leading flank of sliding surface formation model after drying in simulation hangs up coordinate screen cloth, then multiple steel nails are squeezed on coordinate screen cloth as measuring point, variable sliding surface regulation and the observation of sliding surface formation model metamorphosis are carried out after the sliding surface formation model simulated is stable, for simulating the influence of seam mining side slope.The test method can simulate the deformation failure and stability of various form gliding masses under the conditions of different sliding surface forms, different sliding surface degree of flexibility, the different distortion speed of sliding surface and the different shearing strengths of distribution etc., can easily determine stress and the displacement of sliding surface and gliding mass each point.
Description
Technical field
Bedding plane landslide examination is adopted the present invention relates to a kind of test method for adopting side slope influence, more particularly to a kind of mine
Proved recipe method.
Background technology
Existing landslide by mining analog simulation testing stand is during being tested, it is necessary to load in a model by base
The analog material of rock and coal bed, overlying rock and earth's surface side slope composition, and the shadow for adopting side slope is simulated by hand excavation
Ring.This experimental rig is difficult that accurate simulation excavates scope and border when carrying out hand excavation；When coal seam is buried it is thick deeper when, institute
The analog material that need to be prepared is more, and the workload of filling material is big；When Strata Overlying The Seam geological structure is complicated, it is difficult to accurate
The actual geological condition of simulation.
The analog simulation experiment of mine landslide by mining is fewer, because：1. mine coal-face position it is general away from
Beyond earth's surface 200m, to landslide sliding surface and coal-face are placed in same model, landslide surface is relative to whole mould
Very little is not enough to simulate the migration state after its mining influence by type；2. rock stratum landslide surface is general in greater obliquity with horizontal plane,
It is unfavorable for the filling of analog material；3. have no the associated analog of similar sliding surface.
The content of the invention
For deficiencies of the prior art, bedding plane landslide test method is adopted the invention provides a kind of mine,
This method can simulate different sliding surface forms, different sliding surface degree of flexibilities, sliding surface different distortion speed and the different shearing strengths of distribution
The deformation failure and stability of various form gliding masses Deng under the conditions of.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following technical scheme：
Bedding plane landslide test method is adopted in mine, in the method using a kind of experimental rig, and the experimental rig includes examination
Platform, left frame, correct frame, substrate, cylinder, distance adjusting mechanism and variable sliding surface are tested, the left frame is vertically arranged in experiment
The left side of platform, correct frame is vertically arranged in the right side of testing stand, and the fixing card of multiple different heights is set in the inner side of left frame
Hole, one end of substrate is hinged on the inner side of correct frame, and the other end of substrate is connected in the fixation hole clipping in left frame, the gas
The cylinder body of cylinder is arranged on testing stand, and the piston rod of cylinder withstands on the bottom of substrate and close to the other end of substrate obliquely；Institute
The top that variable sliding surface is arranged on substrate is stated, multiple distance adjusting mechanisms are uniformly arranged between substrate and variable sliding surface；It is described
Distance adjusting mechanism includes upper studdle, adjustable nut and lower studdle, and the bottom of the lower studdle is connected to base
On plate, screwed at the top of lower studdle in one end of adjustable nut, the bottom of upper studdle is screwed in adjustable nut
In the other end, the top of the upper studdle withstands on the bottom of variable sliding surface；
This method comprises the following steps：
1）Substrate is inclined to the top of testing stand；
2）River sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum and the retarder needed for simulation sliding surface rock stratum are weighed, is stirred for being well mixed；
3）The water dissolved with retarder is added in mixing material, sliding surface formation material is mixing uniformly to form；
4）One layer of butter is uniformly smeared on variable sliding surface, the friction of weak intercalated layer between simulation sliding surface and bottom rock stratum
Face；
5）Variable sliding surface front side set front apron, variable sliding surface rear side set rear baffle, the variable sliding surface,
Left frame, correct frame, front apron and rear baffle composition model framework, the sliding surface formation material prepared is loaded in model framework,
Make compacting firm by ramming, and it is floating with scraper；
6）With the continuous filling of the sliding surface formation material prepared, front apron and rear baffle are also constantly installed upwards therewith,
Until the sliding surface formation model of simulation completes；
7）The sliding surface formation model of simulation removes front apron after drying 3 days, in the leading flank of the sliding surface formation model of simulation
Hang up coordinate screen cloth, then arranged on coordinate screen cloth it is multiple insertion simulation sliding surface formation models in steel nail as measuring point,
Steel nail is finished into sequence number, aeration-drying removes rear baffle, sliding surface rock stratum to be simulated again after 2 days wait the sliding surface formation model simulated
The regulation of variable sliding surface and the observation of sliding surface formation model metamorphosis are proceeded by after model stability；
8）The air pump being connected with cylinder is started, the length of the piston rod stretching of regulation cylinder changes the inclination angle of variable sliding surface,
Reaching is needed behind position, the position that adjustment substrate is connected with fixed hole clipping, and substrate is fixed with fixed hole clipping；
9）Adjust concave, convex, S-shaped and reverse-s shape after the form that adjustable nut changes variable sliding surface, simulation underground excavation
Sliding surface, observes the change in location of the steel nail on the sliding surface formation model leading flank of simulation, for simulating seam mining side slope
Influence.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the sliding surface formation model of simulation makes, a stratus is spread at interval of 5cm thickness
Female powder.
As another preferred scheme of the present invention, the retarder is borax.
As a modification of the present invention scheme, the raw material needed for simulation sliding surface rock stratum is matched by following parts by weight：
River sand：168.71；Calcium carbonate：10.12；Gypsum：23.62；Borax：2.53；Water：25.31.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following technical effect that：
1st, the sliding surface rock stratum of different qualities is simulated by smearing different materials in variable sliding surface, so as to change sliding surface
Shearing strength.
2nd, by being fixed after the variable sliding surface height of piston rod support regulation of cylinder by fixed hole clipping, to adjust sliding surface and rock
Inclination layer.
3rd, sliding surface form is adjusted by the adjustable nut for the variable sliding surface that is rotatably connected, concave after simulation underground excavation,
Convex, S-shaped and reverse-s shape sliding surface.
4th, use the influence of variable sliding surface indirect analog underground excavation side slope instead, greatly save preparation and filling sliding surface with
The time of lower analog material, material usage is saved, and numerical simulation calculation result is more accurate compared with hand excavation, operability is more
By force.
5th, material is saved, the workload prepared with filling material is reduced, it is that numerical simulation and regulation can to change hand excavation
Become sliding surface, as a result more accurate, operability is stronger.
6th, the test method can simulate different sliding surface forms, different sliding surface degree of flexibility, the different distortion speed of sliding surface and
The deformation failure and stability of various form gliding masses under the conditions of different shearing strengths etc. are distributed, sliding surface and gliding mass can be easily determined
The stress of each point and displacement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation that bedding plane landslide experimental rig is adopted in mine；
Fig. 2 is the leading flank mounting coordinate screen cloth and the structural representation of steel nail in the sliding surface formation model of simulation.
In accompanying drawing：1-testing stand；2-left frame；3-correct frame；4-substrate；5-cylinder；6-variable cunning
Face；7-fix hole clipping；8-go up studdle；9-adjustable nut；10-lower studdle；11-coordinate screen cloth；
12-steel nail；13-air pump；14-rotating shaft；The sliding surface formation model of 15-simulation；16-mica powder.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Bedding plane landslide test method is adopted in mine, in the method using a kind of experimental rig, the structure of the experimental rig
As shown in figure 1, the experimental rig includes testing stand 1, left frame 2, correct frame 3, substrate 4, cylinder 5, distance adjusting mechanism and can
Become sliding surface 6.Left frame 2 is vertically arranged in the left side of testing stand 1, and correct frame 3 is vertically arranged in the right side of testing stand 1, in left frame
The inner side of frame 2 sets the fixation hole clipping 7 of multiple different heights, and one end of substrate 4 is hinged in correct frame 3 by rotating shaft 14
Side, the other end of substrate 4 is connected in the fixation hole clipping 7 in left frame 2, and the cylinder body of cylinder 5 is arranged on testing stand 1, cylinder 5
Piston rod withstand on obliquely substrate 4 bottom and close to substrate 4 the other end.Variable sliding surface 6 is arranged on the top of substrate 4,
Multiple distance adjusting mechanisms are uniformly arranged between substrate 4 and variable sliding surface 6.Distance adjusting mechanism include upper studdle 8, can
Nut 9 and lower studdle 10 are adjusted, the bottom of lower studdle 10 is connected on substrate 4, and the top of lower studdle 10 is screwed
In one end of adjustable nut 9, the bottom of upper studdle 8 is screwed in the other end of adjustable nut 9, upper studdle 8
Top withstands on the bottom of variable sliding surface 6.
The deformation failure that overlying rock and earth's surface are produced is influenceed after setting up numerical model, simulation underground excavation, in sliding surface
The line of observation is set, sliding surface deflection curve is obtained；After filling test material in this experimental rig, according to sliding surface deflection
Numerical value, variable sliding surface form is adjusted by the adjustable nut connected under Rotary Variable sliding surface, simulation underground excavation side slope
Influence；Variable sliding surface height is adjusted by cylinder piston rod support and fixed by fixed hole clipping, is inclined to adjust sliding surface and rock stratum
Angle.
This method comprises the following steps：
1）Substrate 4 is inclined to the top of testing stand 1.
2）Weigh river sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum and the retarder needed for simulation sliding surface rock stratum（Retarder is adopted in the present embodiment
For borax）, it is stirred for being well mixed.
3）The water dissolved with retarder is added in mixing material, sliding surface formation material is mixing uniformly to form.
Raw material needed for simulation sliding surface rock stratum is matched by following parts by weight：River sand：168.71；Calcium carbonate：10.12；
Gypsum：23.62；Borax：2.53；Water：25.31.The rock stratum that the main physical and mechanical preperties of analog material should be simulated with it
It is similar, i.e., simulated damage process when, the tensile strength and uniaxial compressive strength of analog material should be similar to prototype.
4）One layer of butter is uniformly smeared on variable sliding surface, the friction of weak intercalated layer between simulation sliding surface and bottom rock stratum
Face.According to actual conditions, intersegmental carbonaceous shale weak intercalated layer is slided under slip mass is main along along Xi-Xia group in trial zone, should for simulation
Weak intercalated layer, need to smear or cover butter on variable sliding surface, so that its cohesive strength and internal friction angle and the reality of weak intercalated layer
Border situation is consistent.
5）Variable sliding surface 6 front side set front apron, variable sliding surface 6 rear side set rear baffle, variable sliding surface 6,
Left frame 2, correct frame 3, front apron and rear baffle composition model framework, load model framework by the sliding surface formation material prepared
It is interior, make compacting firm by ramming, and it is floating with scraper.
6）With the continuous filling of the sliding surface formation material prepared, front apron and rear baffle are also constantly installed upwards therewith,
Until the sliding surface formation model 15 of simulation completes.
7）The sliding surface formation model 15 of simulation removes front apron after drying 3 days, before the sliding surface formation model 15 of simulation
Side hangs up coordinate screen cloth 11, the steel nail then arranged on coordinate screen cloth 11 in the sliding surface formation model 15 of multiple insertion simulations
12 as measuring point, as shown in Figure 2.Steel nail 12 is finished into sequence number, aeration-drying is torn open after 2 days again wait the sliding surface formation model 15 simulated
Rear baffle is removed, regulation and the sliding surface formation model form of variable sliding surface are proceeded by after the sliding surface formation model 15 simulated is stable
The observation of change.
8）The air pump 13 being connected with cylinder 5 is started, the length of the piston rod stretching of regulation cylinder 5 changes variable sliding surface
Inclination angle, reaching is needed behind position, the position that adjustment substrate 4 is connected with fixed hole clipping 7, and substrate 4 is fixed with fixed hole clipping 7.Two
Side fixation is used as lateral boundaries condition, the displacement of bound level direction；Bottom is variable sliding surface, can under its variable sliding surface by adjusting
Nut is adjusted to change sliding surface form；Top earth's surface is the scope of freedom.
9）Regulation adjustable nut 9 changes concave, convex, S-shaped and anti-S after the form of variable sliding surface 6, simulation underground excavation
Shape sliding surface, observes the change in location of the steel nail on the sliding surface formation model leading flank of simulation, for simulating seam mining opposite side
The influence on slope.
When the sliding surface formation model of simulation makes, a stratus female powder is spread at interval of 5cm thickness（Mica powder is used between layers
Separate, for relatively thick rock stratum, a stratus female powder is spread per 5cm when making）.
Finally illustrate, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to compared with
The present invention is described in detail good embodiment, it will be understood by those within the art that, can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or equivalent substitution, and without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover at this
Among the right of invention.
Claims (1)
1. bedding plane landslide test method is adopted in mine, it is characterised in that in the method using a kind of experimental rig, experiment dress
Put including testing stand (1), left frame (2), correct frame (3), substrate (4), cylinder (5), distance adjusting mechanism and variable sliding surface
(6), the left frame (2) is vertically arranged in the left side of testing stand (1), and correct frame (3) is vertically arranged in the right side of testing stand (1)
Side, sets the fixation hole clipping (7) of multiple different heights, one end of substrate (4) is hinged on correct frame in the inner side of left frame (2)
(3) inner side, the other end of substrate (4) is connected in the fixation hole clipping (7) in left frame (2), the cylinder body peace of the cylinder (5)
On testing stand (1), the piston rod of cylinder (5) withstands on the bottom of substrate (4) and close to the other end of substrate (4) obliquely；
The variable sliding surface (6) is arranged on the top of substrate (4), and multiple distances are uniformly arranged between substrate (4) and variable sliding surface (6)
Governor motion；The distance adjusting mechanism include upper studdle (8), adjustable nut (9) and lower studdle (10), it is described under
The bottom of studdle (10) is connected on substrate (4), is screwed at the top of lower studdle (10) in one end of adjustable nut (9)
Interior, the bottom of upper studdle (8) is screwed in the other end of adjustable nut (9), and the top of the upper studdle (8) is withstood on
The bottom of variable sliding surface (6)；
This method comprises the following steps：
1) substrate (4) is inclined to the top of testing stand (1)；
2) river sand, calcium carbonate, gypsum and the retarder needed for simulation sliding surface rock stratum are weighed, is stirred for being well mixed；
3) water dissolved with retarder is added in mixing material, sliding surface formation material is mixing uniformly to form；
4) one layer of butter is uniformly smeared on variable sliding surface, the rubbing surface of weak intercalated layer between simulation sliding surface and bottom rock stratum；
5) front apron is set in the front side of variable sliding surface (6), rear baffle, the variable cunning is set in the rear side of variable sliding surface (6)
Face (6), left frame (2), correct frame (3), front apron and rear baffle composition model framework, the sliding surface formation material prepared is loaded
In model framework, compacting is made firm by ramming, and it is floating with scraper；
6) with the continuous filling of the sliding surface formation material prepared, front apron and rear baffle are also constantly installed upwards therewith, until
The sliding surface formation model (15) of simulation completes；
7) the sliding surface formation model (15) of simulation removes front apron after drying 3 days, before the sliding surface formation model (15) of simulation
Side hangs up coordinate screen cloth (11), in the sliding surface formation model (15) that multiple insertion simulations are then arranged on coordinate screen cloth (11)
Steel nail (12) as measuring point, steel nail (12) is finished into sequence number, wait after the sliding surface formation model (15) simulated again aeration-drying 2 days
Rear baffle is removed, regulation and the sliding surface formation model of variable sliding surface are proceeded by after the sliding surface formation model (15) simulated is stable
The observation of metamorphosis；
8) air pump being connected with cylinder (5) is started, the length of the piston rod stretching of regulation cylinder (5) changes inclining for variable sliding surface
Angle, reaching needs behind position, the position that adjustment substrate (4) is connected with fixed hole clipping (7), and substrate (4) and fixed hole clipping (7) is solid
It is fixed；
9) regulation adjustable nut (9) changes concave, convex, S-shaped and anti-S after the form of variable sliding surface (6), simulation underground excavation
Shape sliding surface, observes the change in location of the steel nail on the sliding surface formation model leading flank of simulation, for simulating seam mining opposite side
The influence on slope；
When the sliding surface formation model of simulation makes, a stratus female powder (16) is spread at interval of 5cm thickness；The retarder is borax；Mould
Raw material needed for intending sliding surface rock stratum is matched by following parts by weight：River sand：168.71；Calcium carbonate：10.12；Gypsum：23.62；
Borax：2.53；Water：25.31.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105547732A (en) * | 2016-02-01 | 2016-05-04 | 西南石油大学 | Device and method for pile group push-pile model test in the condition of heavy excavation in the front of piles |
| CN107255704B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-07-09 | 石家庄铁道大学 | Rock slope with along layer near cut underground excavation model assay systems and test method |
| CN111236326A (en) * | 2020-01-15 | 2020-06-05 | 厦门海石生态环境股份有限公司 | Abandoned mine slope stability detection method |
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| CN102402892A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Filling mining plane strain simulation test device and method |
| CN204228701U (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 西安科技大学 | The detachable physical simulation experiment table in a kind of change inclination angle |
| CN104459086A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Soil-rock interface landslip physical model testing device as well as manufacturing method and application method thereof |
| CN104569347A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-29 | 中国计量学院 | Device for simulating and detecting catastrophe of rock and earth mass |
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2015
- 2015-06-30 CN CN201510370234.XA patent/CN104897429B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102402892A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Filling mining plane strain simulation test device and method |
| CN204228701U (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-03-25 | 西安科技大学 | The detachable physical simulation experiment table in a kind of change inclination angle |
| CN104459086A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-03-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Soil-rock interface landslip physical model testing device as well as manufacturing method and application method thereof |
| CN104569347A (en) * | 2015-01-13 | 2015-04-29 | 中国计量学院 | Device for simulating and detecting catastrophe of rock and earth mass |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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| 采动影响下断层滑移诱发煤岩冲击机理研究;李志华;《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技I辑》;20100215(第02期);15-18 * |
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