CN108760370A - Multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig and test method - Google Patents
Multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig and test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108760370A CN108760370A CN201810587973.8A CN201810587973A CN108760370A CN 108760370 A CN108760370 A CN 108760370A CN 201810587973 A CN201810587973 A CN 201810587973A CN 108760370 A CN108760370 A CN 108760370A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig and test methods, including pedestal, further include：Swivel mount, one end and one end of the pedestal are hinged, and the other end is connected with the other end of the pedestal by angle adjusting mechanism, and the angle adjusting mechanism is for adjusting rotation angle of the swivel mount relative to the pedestal；Frame mould is placed on the swivel mount, and the frame mould laid inside has coal rock layer analog material；Roadway supported by bolt shell is fixed on the side wall of the frame mould, and positioned at the inside of the coal rock layer analog material；Loading unit, for applying load to the coal rock layer analog material；Data monitoring unit, the experimental data for acquiring the coal rock layer analog material.The present invention can be suitably used for the simulation of different roadway support schemes, and can realize that the differentiation at inclination angle between each rock stratum in coal rock layer analog material is adjusted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mine supports to test field, more particularly to a kind of roadway supported by bolt analog simulation experimental rig
And test method.
Background technology
Tunnel is the necessary channel of underground mine exploitation, and according to statistics, new digging laneway overall length reaches China's coal-mine every year
12000km, roadway support project scale is huge, is had a significant impact to safety of coal mines, yield and benefit.Bolt support technology passes through
It is inserted into eyelet to perforating in the roadway surrounding rock after driving, then by anchor pole, country rock self-strength is made full use of to carry out stabilizing surrounding rock.Anchor pole
Support technology can efficiently control surrounding rock's elastic modulus, improve surrouding rock stress state, both at home and abroad the practice of a large amount of geotechnical engineering
It proves, influences Effects of Supporting because being known as very much, wherein rock mass bedding architecture and physico-mechanical properties are important factor in order.
Currently, as underground mine mining depth, limit of mining and mining rate increase, the geology such as basin, tomography, fold and erosion
Condition emerges one after another, and roadway bolting support difficulty increases, and is faced with inclining between seam inclination angle is excessive and country rock rock stratum
Rake angle difference problem, it is easier to the accidents such as tunnel wall caving and roof fall occur.So if passing through knot using analog simulation experiment
It closes field engineering geological conditions to simulate supporting effect of roadway, by analog result, obtains best Anchorage Parameters, utilize mould
The best Anchorage Parameters drawn up are counter to release anchored in situ scheme, to provided for suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization test according to
According to.
Chinese Patent Application No. 201310024637X discloses a kind of suspension roof support anchoring construction simulation synthetic experiment dress
It sets, although which is an experimental rig that can simulate roadway bolting support under three-dimensional state, but simulate suspension roof support
When, the change of pitch angle in coal seam is not only had ignored, inclination angle is poor between more having ignored each rock stratum, can only simulate the anchor in fixed angle coal seam
Bar supporting, this is a kind of simulation of perfect condition, can be used as teaching testing device be student demonstrate anchor pole how supported laneway, but
It is due to losing contact with reality, to coal mine construction guiding value deficiency.Chinese Patent Application No. 201720199180.X provides one kind
For the similar materials experimental provision of supporting roadway surrounding rock and deformation, the patent is by the horizontal direction applying analog material
Reinforcing carries out influence of the simulation lateral stress to coal mine Mining subsidence, but one is that can not accurately monitor the change of tunnel supporting anchor rod stress
Change and deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnel situation, second is that being not used in the larger tunnel cap rock layer in angle of inclination.Application No. is CN
201410483291.4 patent of invention provide a kind of large-scale roadway support laboratory analog system, using electrical drilling machine to tunnel
It drills and anchor pole is installed and supporting effect is monitored using sound emission method, but anchor pole under side pressure and axis pressure loading effect
It is poor with country rock caking property during the installation process, it be easy to cause anchor pole and falls off, influence supporting effect of roadway, while can not also simulate
The larger tunnel cap rock layer supporting effect in angle of inclination.
In order to make simulation more be consistent with scene, Chinese Patent Application No. provides for the patent of invention of 201510011652.X
A kind of tilted stratum physical simulation device, using crossbeam suspention with undercarriage jack supporting way to tiltable rack angle
The adjusting of degree to adapt to the inclination of rock stratum, but is not directed to inclination angle differentiation adjusting between each rock stratum；Chinese Patent Application No. is
201620679270.4 utility model patent provides a kind of dip-adjustable type steeply-inclined seam mining simulated experiment frame, from it
【0047】The content that section is recorded finds out that it in test stand underlay different height cushion block by realizing coal rock layer angle in practical applications
Degree is adjusted, and this regulative mode is a kind of rough mode, is not easy to realize accurately controlling for angle, the shape at the scene of can not simulating
Condition；In addition, in the document【0042】The content that section is recorded is found out, when simulated experiment, it requires rock stratum up and down and coal seam flat
Row setting, this illustrates the inclination angle difference between it has ignored rock stratum.The invention that Chinese Patent Application No. is 201510689917.1
Patent provides a kind of full-automatic analog simulation experimental rig for simulating tilted stratum, and analog material is laid with and experiment loads etc.
Process is controlled by control system, can simulate the excavation of tilted stratum, but rock stratum adjustable-angle range is smaller, big in simulation
It has difficulties when the rock stratum of inclination angle.In addition to this, above-mentioned patent is not directed to roadway bolting support.
In conclusion how to improve existing roadway supported by bolt analog simulation device, energy differentiation is adjusted between each rock stratum
Inclination angle realizes the accurate monitoring of rockbolt stress in laboratory test simulation process, meets the needs of suspension roof support desk research, at
For urgent problem to be solved.
Invention content
The technical issues of present invention mainly solves in the presence of the prior art, to provide a kind of realize between each rock stratum
The differentiation at inclination angle detects, the high multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig of experimental precision and experiment side
Method, to provide test basis for suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly to be addressed by following technical proposals：
Roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum provided by the invention, including pedestal, swivel mount, frame
Mould, roadway supported by bolt shell, loading unit and data monitoring unit, wherein：
Described swivel mount one end is hinged on pedestal, and the other end is connected with the other end of pedestal by angle adjusting mechanism
It connects；For adjusting rotation angle of the swivel mount relative to pedestal, concrete structure is the angle adjusting mechanism：Angle adjusting mechanism
Including screw putter, connecting rod, sliding slot and supporting rack；Sliding slot is flatly opened on pedestal, and one end of screw putter is from base side
It is extend into sliding slot after wall precession, the other end of screw putter is connected with handle；Support frame as described above one end is hinged on sliding slot
Bottom, the other end are in contact with the round end lower surface of swivel mount；One end of the connecting rod is connected on screw putter, the other end
It is hinged in the middle part of the lower surface of supporting rack；
The frame mould is made including all around side plate and bottom plate, front and back side plate of transparent glass steel plate, and frame mould is put
It sets on swivel mount, frame mould laid inside has coal rock layer analog material；
The roadway supported by bolt shell is located at the inside of coal rock layer analog material, appearance and cross-section shape of roadway phase
It coincide, specifically includes enclosure body, anchor pole, stop nut and eyenut；Enclosure body is fixed on the front-rear side walls of frame mould,
It is distributed with multiple rows of bolthole in enclosure body, anchor rod anchored section is arranged after upper limit nut across bolthole and extend into coal rock layer phase
Like in material, the installation end of anchor pole is fixed tightly in by eyenut and pallet in enclosure body, between eyenut and pallet
Miniature force cell is installed；
The loading unit, for applying load to the coal rock layer analog material；
The data monitoring unit, the experimental data for acquiring the coal rock layer analog material.
Further, frame mould slides in order to prevent, and the position on pedestal on the outside of swivel mount offers cotter way, cotter way
In be equipped with the matched anti-skidding pin block of cotter way, the outer surface of the side wall and frame mould of anti-skidding pin block abuts against.
Further, the enclosure body includes multiple box hats, passes through joinery and its construction phase between the two neighboring box hat
It connects, the joinery and its construction includes mutually matched tongue-and-groove and fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head, and the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head is arranged above and below each box hat
Both sides of the edge.
Further, the both sides side of the pallet is the inclined-plane with inclination angle.
Further, the loading unit includes load plate and forcing press, and the load plate pressure is attached to the coal rock layer phase
Like the upper surface of material, the forcing press is matched with the load plate, and the shape of the load plate is trapezoidal.
Further, the data monitoring unit include static strain testing instrument, acoustic emission probe, industrial high speed camera,
Information processing system and information display system, described information processing system are visited with the static strain testing instrument, sound emission respectively
Head, industrial high speed camera are connected with information display system and the static strain testing instrument is also passed with the miniature dynamometry
Sensor is connected.
Further, it is additionally provided with angle scale on the pedestal.
Further, the rotation angle of the swivel mount is 0-60 °.
Roadway supported by bolt analog simulation test method provided by the invention comprising following steps：
The first step：Roadway support modeling scheme, including anchor pole spacing and array pitch, coal are formulated according to engineering site physical condition
The angle of inclination of layer and rock stratum, determines prepared analog material parameter；
Second step：Swivel mount angle is adjusted, specific method is：Using angle scale reading as standard, pass through screw putter
Precession and back-out, the angle of swivel mount is adjusted before every layer of analog material is laid with, and then differentiation adjusts every layer of phase
Like the inclination angle of material；
Third walks：Prepare analog material
The coal rock layer analog material includes setting gradually from bottom to up first to third material layer, and described first to
Three material layers are all made of siltstone, coal, packsand and make, and are carried out respectively according to 8: 3: 7,9: 2: 8,7: 2: 8 volume ratio
Proportioning.
Further, first to adulterate respectively in third material layer mass fraction be the light yellow of 3%-8%, Dark grey,
Light brown coloring agent.
4th step：Layering is laid with analog material in experimental rig, and load plate is placed on coal rock layer analog material,
Often it is laid with one layer of angle for needing to adjust a swivel mount；
5th step：Equal analog materials consolidate, and under dry environment after maintenance a period of time, remove frame mould, dismantle lower bolt branch
Protect the enclosure body of tunnel shell；
6th step：Miniature force cell and pallet are installed successively on the anchor pole of roadway supported by bolt shell, tightens and hangs
Ring nut applies pretightning force to anchor pole；
7th step：Load, record, processing and analysis experimental data are applied to coal rock layer analog material；
8th step：After the test, by analog result, best Anchorage Parameters are obtained, utilize the best anchoring simulated
Parameter is counter to release anchored in situ scheme, to provide test basis for suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
1), the present invention can realize the simulation of different roadway support schemes according to scene, and number row's anchor is distributed in enclosure body
Rod aperture, by adjust anchor pole in enclosure body installation site, it can be achieved that the parameters such as anchor pole spacing, array pitch and angle of inclination
Variation, it is possible to find the Anchorage Parameters for reaching best supporting effect of roadway in conjunction with field geology conditions, utilize what is simulated
Anchorage Parameters, then the anti-Anchorage Plan for releasing construction site, to be provided for construction site suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization
Test basis.
2), the differentiation at inclination angle is adjusted between each rock stratum in coal rock layer analog material, using angle scale reading as standard, is led to
The position for changing screw putter is crossed, the angle of swivel mount can be adjusted before every layer of analog material is laid with, and then differentiation
Adjust the inclination angle of every layer of analog material；And by the way that the dyeing of each layer analog material, layers of material visual recognition degree can be improved,
Convenient for each strata movement deformation in observation loading procedure.
3), bolt pretension application and load-bearing monitor can apply pretightning force by tightening eyenut to anchor pole；Pass through
Pallet and miniature force cell are installed above eyenut, by miniature force cell can monitor in real time anchor pole by
Power changes.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the frame mould of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the joinery and its construction of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the anchor pole of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the anchor pole Pre strained state figure of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the experimental state figure of experimental rig of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is finder charge-displacement curve figure of experimental rig of the present invention.
In figure：1- pedestals, 2- swivel mounts, 3- angle adjusting mechanisms, 31- screw putters, 32- connecting rods, 33- sliding slots, 34- branch
Support；35- rotating handles, 36- angle scales, 4- frame moulds, 41- front side boards, 42- back side panels, 5- roadway supported by bolt shells,
51- enclosure bodies, 511- box hats, 512- tongue-and-grooves, the fourths of the twelve Earthly Branches 513- head, 52- anchor poles, 53- stop nuts, 54- eyenuts, 55- supports
Disk, 56- miniature force cells, 57- bolts；6- coal rock layer analog materials, 7- loading units, 71- load plates, 8- data monitorings
Unit, 81- static strain testing instrument, 82- acoustic emission probes, 83- industry high speed cameras, 84- information processing systems, 85- information
Display system, the anti-skidding pin blocks of 9-, 10- cotter ways.
Specific implementation mode
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that advantages and features of the invention energy
It is easier to be readily appreciated by one skilled in the art, so as to make a clearer definition of the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig.1, the multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig of the present invention, including pedestal 1,
It further includes：
Swivel mount 2,2 one end of swivel mount and one end of pedestal 1 are hinged, and the other end of the other end and pedestal 1 passes through angle
Degree regulating mechanism 3 is connected, and angle adjusting mechanism 3 is for adjusting rotation angle of the swivel mount 2 relative to pedestal 1；
Frame mould 4 is placed on swivel mount 2, and 4 laid inside of frame mould has coal rock layer analog material 6；
Roadway supported by bolt shell 5 is fixed on the front-rear side walls of frame mould 4, and positioned at the interior of coal rock layer analog material 6
Portion；
Loading unit 7, for applying load to coal rock layer analog material 6；
Data monitoring unit 8, the experimental data for acquiring coal rock layer analog material 6.
Specifically, angle adjusting mechanism 3 of the invention includes screw putter 31, connecting rod 32, sliding slot 33 and supporting rack 34；It is sliding
Slot 33 is flatly opened on pedestal 1, is extend into sliding slot 33 after 1 side wall of one end precession pedestal of screw putter 31, another
End is connected with rotating handle 35；34 one end of supporting rack and the bottom of sliding slot 33 are hinged, and the other end is another with swivel mount 2
End lower surface is in contact；In the present embodiment, supporting rack 34 is hingedly formed by several steel poles, is played a supportive role to swivel mount 2.Connecting rod
32 one end is connected with screw putter 31, is hinged in the middle part of the other end and the lower surface of supporting rack 34.
In the present invention, when shaking rotating handle 35 clockwise, screw putter 31 horizontally advances to the left, and connecting rod 32 pushes branch
Support 34 rotates counterclockwise, and the inclination angle of swivel mount 2 and frame mould 4 is made to increase, conversely, when shaking rotating handle 35 counterclockwise, it can
So that the inclination angle of swivel mount 2 and frame mould 4 reduces.Preferably, for the ease of accurately controlling rotation angle, angle is additionally provided on pedestal 1
Anale settting scale 36.In the present invention, the rotation angle of swivel mount 2 is 0-60 °, can be inclined to every layer material of coal rock layer analog material 6
Angle is adjusted, to meet most of analog simulation formation dip variation demands.
In the present invention, anti-skidding pin block 9 and cotter way 10 are additionally provided on pedestal 1, cotter way 10 is opened on pedestal 1, and positioned at rotation
The outside of pivoted frame 2, anti-skidding pin block 9 are matched with cotter way 10, and the side wall of anti-skidding pin block 9 and the outer surface of frame mould 4 abut against.When
The angular adjustment of frame mould 4 in place after, anti-skidding pin block 9 can be inserted into cotter way 10, so as to prevent the sliding of frame mould 4.
Refering to shown in Fig. 3-5, roadway supported by bolt shell 5 includes enclosure body 51, anchor pole 52, stop nut 53 and hanging ring
Nut 54, enclosure body 51 are fixed on by bolt 57 on the front-rear side walls of frame mould 4, and multiple rows of anchor is distributed in enclosure body 51
Rod aperture, anchor pole 52 are extend into after passing through bolthole in coal rock layer analog material 6, and anchor pole 52 is close to one end of enclosure body 51 also spiral shell
Line is arranged with stop nut 53 and eyenut 54, and stop nut 53 and eyenut 54 are connected to the outer of enclosure body 51 respectively
Side and inside.I.e. stop nut 53 is threadably secured in the installation end of anchor pole 52, and the installation end of anchor pole 52 passes through bolthole, hangs
Ring nut 54 is fixed it in the other side；Preferably, 52 end of anchor pole in the present invention is distributed the spiral shell of about 1/3 rock-bolt length
The presence of line, screw thread will improve and the bond effect of roadway surrounding rock, can simulate the end anchorage in supporting.
Preferably, being additionally provided with pallet 55 and miniature force cell 56, pallet between stop nut 53 and eyenut 54
55 and 56 screw thread of miniature force cell be set on anchor pole 52.After roadway supported by bolt shell 5 disassembles, exist successively
Pallet 55, miniature force cell 56 and eyenut 54, miniature force cell 56 are installed and can be measured in the end of anchor pole 52
The stress of anchor pole 52 can also apply pretightning force by tightening eyenut 54 to anchor pole 52.Preferably, the both sides side of pallet 55
For the inclined-plane with inclination angle, before the laying of coal rock layer analog material 6, pallet 55 is installed on the installation end of anchor pole 52, can protect
Card anchor pole 52 forms specific inclination angle with tunnel surface.
As shown in fig.3, enclosure body 51 includes multiple box hats 511, pass through joinery and its construction between two neighboring box hat 511
It is connected with each other, joinery and its construction includes mutually matched tongue-and-groove 512 and fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head 513, and fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head 513 is arranged in the upper of each box hat 511
Lower both sides of the edge.In the present invention, in order to facilitate the dismounting of frame mould 4, the eyenut 54 being fixed on anchor pole 52 can twist counterclockwise
Under, tongue-and-groove 512 can be extracted out along fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head 513, make box hat 511 that can realize that fragment removes.
In the present invention, loading unit 7 includes load plate 71 and forcing press (not shown), and the pressure of load plate 71 is attached to coal petrography
The upper surface of layer analog material 6, forcing press are matched with load plate 71, and the shape of load plate 71 is trapezoidal.In the present embodiment
Load plate 71 be arranged to trapezoidal, rigidity is larger, is conducive to the upper flat of uniform stressed in loading procedure and load plate 71
Face is smaller, matches with the pressure head size of forcing press.
As shown in fig.6, data monitoring unit 8 includes static strain testing instrument 81, acoustic emission probe 82, industrial high speed phase
Machine 83, information processing system 84 and information display system 85, information processing system 84 are sent out with static strain testing instrument 81, sound respectively
Penetrate probe 82, industrial high speed camera 83 is connected with information display system 85 and static strain testing instrument 81 also with miniature survey
Force snesor 56 is connected.Preferably, static strain testing instrument 81 is used for through miniature force cell 56 in loading procedure
Real time data acquisition is carried out to the stress of anchor pole 52.
As shown in fig.2, frame mould 4 includes front side board 41, back side panel 42 and bottom plate and left side plate, front side board 41 is with after
Side plate 42 is made of transparent glass steel plate.The distribution situation for observing the 4 each coal rock layer in inside of frame mould from the outside convenient in this way, and
The steel plate that 5mm thickness can be used in bottom plate, left side plate of frame mould 4 etc. is made.
As shown in fig.7, the roadway supported by bolt analog simulation test method of the present invention comprising following steps：
S1, the angle of swivel mount 2 is adjusted to setting position；Specifically, it can be determined similar according to colliery scene physical condition
Roadway shape size and supporting modeling scheme are simulated, such as：Analog simulation tunnel is stalk Semicircular tunnel, and tunnel is high
100mm, wide 100mm, wherein a height of 50mm of wall, a height of 50mm of arch camber；Roadway support modeling scheme is：Bolt interval is
20mm × 20mm, length 50mm；Experimental rig is assembled, tunnel coal petrography inclination layer is 15 °, is foundation with angle scale 36,
Rotating handle 35 is shaken, 2 angle of swivel mount is adjusted to 15 °.
S2, coal rock layer analog material 6 is prepared；The coal rock layer analog material 6 of the present invention includes setting gradually from bottom to up
First to third material layer, and first to third material layer, which is all made of siltstone, coal, packsand, makes, respectively according to 8: 3: 7,9
: 2: 8,7: 2: 8 volume ratio is matched.In the present invention first to third material layer analog material laying depth distinguish
For 15mm, 20mm, 15mm.Preferably, for the ease of simulating coal rock layer condition, facilitates observation, divide on first to third material layer
Not Can Za mass fraction be the light yellow of 3%-8%, Dark grey, light brown coloring agent.
S3, layering are laid with coal rock layer analog material 6, slightly vibrate, and load plate 71 is placed into coal rock layer analog material 6
On；
S4, coal rock layer analog material 6 consolidate, and setting time is conserved under dry environment, when the maintenance in the present embodiment is set
Between be 14 days, in other embodiments of the invention, the setting time can according to actual conditions carry out reasonable set.
S5, frame mould 4, the enclosure body 51 of dismounting lower bolt supported laneway shell 5 are removed；Detailed process is：Remove frame mould 4
Front side board 41 and back side panel 42, dismounting roadway supported by bolt shell 5, swinging handle 35, swivel mount 2 is down to level, then, pulls out
Go out anti-skidding pin block 9, removes the left side plate etc. of frame mould 4 successively, back out rotating hoisting ring nut 54 counterclockwise, extract tongue-and-groove out outward
512, each box hat 511 for forming roadway supported by bolt shell 5 is removed.
S6, miniature force cell 56 and pallet 55 are installed successively on the anchor pole 52 of roadway supported by bolt shell 5, tighten
Eyenut 54 applies pretightning force to anchor pole 52；
S7, apply load, record, processing and analysis experimental data to coal rock layer analog material 6；It specifically, can be in pedestal 1
Front 2m at put industrial high speed camera 83, in conjunction with digital image processing techniques monitoring tunnel around tilted stratum in-plane displancement
And acoplanarity displacement；Acoustic emission probe 82 is installed in the both sides of coal rock layer analog material 6,3 are installed per side, is equally spaced, is tied
Chorus transmitting information treatment technology, the crackle etc. occurred to the inside of coal rock layer analog material 6 in loading procedure position；?
Miniature webcam can be placed inside tunnel, generate deformation and destruction video of the tunnel in loading procedure, whether is observation tunnel
Pucking occurs, crushes, phenomena such as two help to heave.
And forcing press loads coal rock layer analog material 6, record press ram is further applied load and the change of displacement
Change, setting loading velocity is 0.5mm/min, can be also adjusted according to actual needs to loading velocity.Coal rock layer analog material 6
While starting load, industrial high speed camera 83 and acoustic emission probe 82 synchronize information collection, ensure between each system
Collaboration.During experiment, processing, calculating etc. are synchronized to the data information acquired by information processing system 84, and believing
It is shown in breath display system 85.
S8, after the test, by analog result, obtains best Anchorage Parameters, utilizes the best Anchorage Parameters simulated
It is anti-to release anchored in situ scheme, to provide test basis for suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization.
In conclusion the advantage of the invention is that：
1) it, can realize the simulation of different roadway support schemes, number row's bolthole is distributed in enclosure body 51, passes through adjusting
Anchor pole 52 in enclosure body 51 installation site, it can be achieved that the parameters such as 52 spacing of anchor pole, array pitch and angle of inclination variation.
2), the differentiation at inclination angle is adjusted between each rock stratum in coal rock layer analog material 6, is mark with the reading of angle scale 36
Standard can be adjusted the angle of swivel mount 2 before every layer of analog material is laid with by changing the position of screw putter 31, into
And differentiation adjusts the inclination angle of every layer of analog material；And by being dyed to each layer analog material, layers of material can be improved and regarded
Identification is felt, convenient for each strata movement deformation in observation loading procedure.
3), the application of 52 pretightning force of anchor pole and load-bearing monitor can apply preload by tightening eyenut 54 to anchor pole 52
Power；By installing pallet 55 and miniature force cell 56 above eyenut 54, pass through miniature force cell 56
The stress variation of monitoring anchor pole in real time.
More than, specific implementation mode only of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, it is any without
The change or replacement that creative work is expected are crossed, should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection of the invention
Range should be determined by the scope of protection defined in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig, which is characterized in that it includes pedestal, rotation
Frame, frame mould, roadway supported by bolt shell, loading unit and data monitoring unit, wherein：
Described swivel mount one end is hinged on pedestal, and the other end is connected with the other end of pedestal by angle adjusting mechanism；
For adjusting rotation angle of the swivel mount relative to pedestal, concrete structure is the angle adjusting mechanism：Angle adjusting mechanism packet
Include screw putter, connecting rod, sliding slot and supporting rack；Sliding slot is flatly opened on pedestal, and one end of screw putter is from base side wall
It is extend into sliding slot after precession, the other end of screw putter is connected with handle；Support frame as described above one end is hinged on the bottom of sliding slot
Portion, the other end are in contact with the round end lower surface of swivel mount；One end of the connecting rod is connected on screw putter, other end hinge
It is connected in the middle part of the lower surface of supporting rack；
The frame mould is made including all around side plate and bottom plate, front and back side plate of transparent glass steel plate, and frame mould is placed on
On swivel mount, frame mould laid inside has coal rock layer analog material；
The roadway supported by bolt shell is located at the inside of coal rock layer analog material, appearance and cross-section shape of roadway kissing
It closes, specifically includes enclosure body, anchor pole, stop nut and eyenut；Enclosure body is fixed on the front-rear side walls of frame mould, shell
It is distributed with multiple rows of bolthole on body ontology, anchor rod anchored section is arranged after upper limit nut that extend into coal rock layer similar across bolthole
In material, the installation end of anchor pole is fixed tightly in by eyenut and pallet in enclosure body, is pacified between eyenut and pallet
Equipped with miniature force cell；
The loading unit, for applying load to the coal rock layer analog material；
The data monitoring unit, the experimental data for acquiring the coal rock layer analog material.
2. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the bottom of at
Position on seat on the outside of swivel mount offers cotter way, is equipped with and the matched anti-skidding pin block of cotter way, anti-skidding pin block in cotter way
The outer surface of side wall and frame mould abut against.
3. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Enclosure body includes multiple box hats, is connected with each other by joinery and its construction between the two neighboring box hat, the joinery and its construction packet
Mutually matched tongue-and-groove and fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head are included, the fourth of the twelve Earthly Branches head is arranged in the both sides of the edge up and down of each box hat.
4. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The both sides side of pallet is the inclined-plane with inclination angle.
5. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Loading unit includes load plate and forcing press, and the load plate pressure is attached to the upper surface of the coal rock layer analog material, the pressure
Power machine is matched with the load plate, and the shape of the load plate is trapezoidal.
6. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Data monitoring unit includes static strain testing instrument, acoustic emission probe, industrial high speed camera, information processing system and presentation of information
System, described information processing system are aobvious with the static strain testing instrument, acoustic emission probe, industrial high speed camera and information respectively
Show that system is connected and the static strain testing instrument is also connected with the miniature force cell.
7. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Angle scale is additionally provided on pedestal.
8. roadway support analog simulation experimental rig in multi-angle oblique rock stratum as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The rotation angle of swivel mount is 0-60 °.
9. a kind of experiment of multi-angle oblique rock stratum roadway support analog simulation experimental rig as described in claim 1-8 is any
Method, which is characterized in that it includes the following steps：
The first step：Formulate roadway support modeling scheme according to engineering site physical condition, including anchor pole spacing and array pitch, coal seam with
And the angle of inclination of rock stratum, determine prepared analog material parameter；
Second step：Swivel mount angle is adjusted, specific method is：Using angle scale reading as standard, pass through the rotation of screw putter
Into and screw out, the angle of swivel mount is adjusted before every layer of analog material is laid with, and then differentiation adjusts every layer of similar material
The inclination angle of material；
Third walks：Prepare analog material
The coal rock layer analog material includes setting gradually from bottom to up first to third material layer, and described first to third material
The bed of material is all made of siltstone, coal, packsand and makes, and is matched respectively according to 8: 3: 7,9: 2: 8,7: 2: 8 volume ratio；
4th step：Layering is laid with analog material in experimental rig, and load plate is placed on coal rock layer analog material, often spreads
If one layer of angle for needing to adjust a swivel mount；
5th step：Equal analog materials consolidate, and under dry environment after maintenance a period of time, remove frame mould, dismounting lower bolt supporting lane
The enclosure body of road shell；
6th step：Miniature force cell and pallet are installed successively on the anchor pole of roadway supported by bolt shell, tighten hanging ring spiral shell
Mother applies pretightning force to anchor pole；
7th step：Load, record, processing and analysis experimental data are applied to coal rock layer analog material；
8th step：After the test, by analog result, best Anchorage Parameters are obtained, utilize the best Anchorage Parameters simulated
It is anti-to release anchored in situ scheme, to provide test basis for suspension roof support conceptual design and optimization.
10. test method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that adulterated respectively on described first to third material layer
Mass fraction is the light yellow of 3%-8%, Dark grey, light brown coloring agent.
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