CN104891646B - Denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor and sewage treatment method - Google Patents

Denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor and sewage treatment method Download PDF

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CN104891646B
CN104891646B CN201510315399.7A CN201510315399A CN104891646B CN 104891646 B CN104891646 B CN 104891646B CN 201510315399 A CN201510315399 A CN 201510315399A CN 104891646 B CN104891646 B CN 104891646B
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reactor body
granular sludge
aeration
sewage
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CN104891646A (en
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周鑫根
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Zhejiang Urban & Rural Planning Design Institute
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    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract

A denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor and a sewage treatment method belong to the technical field of sewage treatment. The denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor comprises a reactor main body for inoculation of aerobic granular sludge, wherein a water inlet is formed in the bottom of the reactor main body; a liquid level meter is arranged at the top of the reactor main body; a water outlet is formed in the middle of the reactor main body; an aeration device is arranged in the cavity of the reactor main body; a ring-shaped flow guide groove is formed in the bottom of the reactor main body; the aeration device is connected with an air blower; the water inlet is connected with a water inlet pump; the water inlet pump is connected with a sewage distribution reservoir; the denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor further comprises a controller; the controller is in control connection with the water inlet pump, the air blower and the liquid level meter. The sewage treatment method adopts a sequencing batch operation mode; the operation cycle comprises four stages, namely water intake, aeration, settling and water discharge; water intake, aeration and water discharge are all controlled by the controller automatically. The denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor and the sewage treatment method have the characteristics of high pollutant removal efficiency, low process cost, small occupied area, low sludge yield, easiness for large-scale application and the like.

Description

A kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor and sewage water treatment method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of sewage, specially a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor and sewage disposal Method.
Background technology
In recent years, with Urbanization Progress, China's water pollution is dirty from " Organic Pollution " that COD is representative to nitrogen " eutrophication pollution " conversion of dye.Nitrate pollution is serious in water body environment, caused by the exceeded institute of nitrogen lake alga eruption and Coastal " red tide " occurs again and again, but China's traditional activated sludge process sewage treatment plant technique more at present does not still have efficiently Denitrification ability, sewage treatment plant tail water qualified discharge becomes problem in the urgent need to address.Conventional activated sludge process is to total nitrogen Removal efficiency is relatively low, is to improve denitrification effect, and enhanced nitrogen removal process is developed on the basis of conventional activated sludge process(Such as detest Oxygen-anoxic-aerobic process), microbial function subregion is realized by arranging with reaction member of the different dissolved oxygen containing rate, enter And realize denitrification denitrogenation.Due to needing to build independent reaction unit and sludge reflux, enhanced nitrogen removal process increased construction and Operating cost.On the other hand, municipal wastewater is generally required the characteristics of especially small town sewage has the low ammonia nitrogens of COD high Carbon source is added in denitrification process, so as to increased the cost of denitrogenation.
Aerobic particle mud has fine and close structure, good settling property, at impact resistance and good pollutant Reason ability.Restriction inside it due to resistance to mass tranfer to dissolved oxygen, with ecto-entad aerobic zone-anoxic plot structure is formed, and is Denitrification microorganism group provides suitable living environment, there is synchronous nitration and denitrification effect inside particle, makes aerobic grain Sludge has good denitrification effect, and need not additionally arrange denitrification pond and external carbon addition.Due to aerobic particle mud work Skill need not be independently arranged second pond and denitrification pond, which reduce 75% floor space and 50% energy consumption.
At present aerobic particle mud method is mainly used in and butchers, and the high intensity wastewater treatment such as brewages(The kg/ of volumetric loading 3 COD·m3More than d), with good pollutant removing effect.But in low-intensity flow condition(The kg/ of volumetric loading 1.5 COD·m3Below d)Under, it is poor that aerobic particle mud has that total nitrogen removal effect is processed.At present, most of cities of China Political affairs sewage treatment plant inflow concentration and load are relatively low(Influent COD is less than 500mg/L, and volumetric loading is less than 1.5 kg/COD m3·d), the application to aerobic particle mud technique causes restriction.Under high intensity flow condition, aerobic particle mud growth speed Rate is fast, the dense granule larger so as to form particle diameter(Average grain diameter is up to more than 1cm).The restriction of resistance to mass tranfer make dissolved oxygen without Method is infiltrated through inside particle, and the aerobic-anaerobic area of ecto-entad is defined in grain structure, and for denitrification microorganism, group provides Suitable living environment, so as to good synchronization denitrification effect.And under low-intensity flow condition, aerobic particle mud life Length is slack-off, and the grain diameter of formation is little(Average grain diameter is less than 0.5mm), resistance to mass tranfer is low, makes that dissolved oxygen is permeable to enter particle It is internal.Meanwhile, COD and ammonia nitrogen make dissolved oxygen content in reactor go up rapidly by rapid oxidation under low-intensity flow condition, enter One step promotes mass transfer of the dissolved oxygen inside particle, it is suppressed that synchronous nitration and denitrification is acted on.By reducing aeration intensity energy Dissolved oxygen content is reduced, but while reduces hydraulic shear.Research shows that high hydraulic shear is conducive to the generation of extracellular polymeric, Its effect is the hydrophobicity that improve aerobic particle mud, reduces surface Gibbs free energy, enhances sludge affinity, is entered And promote granulating.When hydraulic shear is reduced, the stability of aerobic particle mud declines rapidly, is easily caused granule sludge mistake It is steady to disintegrate.Therefore under the low-intensity flow condition of the high ammonia nitrogens of low COD, aerobic particle mud denitrification effect how is lifted into based on Study a question.
The content of the invention
For the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is an object of the invention to design a kind of denitrogenation aerobic grain of offer The technical scheme of sewage sludge reactor and sewage water treatment method, it passes through to reduce reactor bottom dissolved oxygen generation anoxic subregion, limit Infiltration of the dissolved oxygen processed inside particle so as to form aerobic-anaerobic area, simultaneous denitrification and total under reinforcing low-intensity flow condition Nitrogen removal effect.
Described a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that include for being inoculated with aerobic particle mud Reactor body, reactor body bottom arranges water inlet, top and arranges liquid level gauge, and reactor body middle part arranges delivery port, Aerator is set in reactor body cavity, and aerator is arranged on reactor body total height 1/3-1/4 position, reactor One ring-type guiding gutter, ring-type are set every reactor body total height 1/8-1/10 position between bottom part body and aerator Guiding gutter is fixed on reactor body inwall, and aerator is connected by air inlet pipe with air blast, and water inlet passes through water inlet pipe It is connected with intake pump, intake pump is connected with sewage distribution reservoir;Also include controller, controller and intake pump, air blast, liquid level gauge Control connection.
Described a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that the height of reactor body and the ratio of internal diameter It is worth for 5-7:1.
Described a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that it is total that aerator is arranged on reactor body Height 1/3-1/4 positions so that reactor body cavity top becomes aerobic zone, cavity bottom becomes anoxic zone.
Described a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that described ring-type guiding gutter is to reactor master It is obliquely installed in body cavity body, ring-type guiding gutter is 40-50 degree with the angle of horizontal plane, and the width of ring-type guiding gutter is reactor master The 1/9-1/11 in internal footpath.
A kind of sewage water treatment method of described denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that the sewage disposal side Method adopts sequencing batch operation mode, and the cycle of operation includes water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, water outlet four-stage, all water inlets in device, Aeration, water outlet are by controller automatization control;
1)Water inlet:Aerobic particle mud is inoculated with reactor body, mud amount 3000-5000mg/L is inoculated with, will be pending Municipal wastewater first access sewage distribution reservoir, sewage is sent into by reactor from the water inlet of reactor body bottom by intake pump In body cavity, flooding time is 5-15min, by the upper liquid level of liquid level gauge control water inlet at the top of reactor body;
2)Aeration:Aerator air inlet is given by air blast, using air aeration, surface gas speed 0.5-1.5cm/s, aeration Device is arranged on reactor body total height 1/3-1/4 position so that reactor body cavity top becomes aerobic zone, under cavity Portion becomes anoxic zone;Now aerobic zone and the volume of anoxic zone are 3-5:1;Bubbles entrain current and particle that aerator is produced Sludge is moved upwards in central area, and granule sludge is reached behind reactor body top, along reactor master in the presence of current Body wall faces down and moves to reactor body bottom;In the presence of bottom annular guiding gutter, partial sludge is in reactor body Cavity bottom anoxic zone is circulated, and partial sludge collects to reactor body chamber central and produces bubble by aeration again to be brought into Water-filling stream, aeration time is 150-250min;
3)Sedimentation:Stop carrying out the standing of 5-15min after aeration, make in reactor settling of granular sludge and be separated from water;
4)Water outlet:After mud-water separation is complete, sewage is discharged after the delivery port of reactor will be processed, water discharging time 5- 15min。
A kind of sewage water treatment method of described denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that the sewage water distribution Municipal wastewater in pond, COD concentration 300-500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 50-100mg/L, volumetric loading 0.9-1.5 kg/CODm3· d。
A kind of sewage water treatment method of described denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that described aerobic Grain sludge adopts sewage disposal second pond returned sludge.
A kind of sewage water treatment method of described denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that step 1)In:Connect Plant mud amount 3500-4500mg/L, preferably 4500 mg/L.
A kind of sewage water treatment method of described denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that step 2)In:Table Face gas speed 0.8-1.2cm/s, preferred 1cm/s;Aeration time is 180-220min, preferred 200min.
A kind of above-mentioned denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor and sewage water treatment method, by adjusting aerator height, drop Low reactor bottom dissolved oxygen, produces the pollutant removal that anoxic subregion is strengthened under the high ammonia nitrogen flow conditions of low COD;Use Up to more than 90%, nitrogen removal rate is up to more than 80% for water COD and ammonia nitrogen removal frank;Meanwhile, improve aerator height reduction good Oxygen area volume, makes energy consumption needed for aeration reduce 25%-35%;The present invention has that contaminant removal efficiency is high, process costs are low, accounts for Ground area is little, sludge output is low, be easy to the features such as applying on a large scale.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of reactor of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the MLSS of embodiment 1(Mixed genetic-neural network)And SVI(Sludge volume index)Change over Gesture figure;
Fig. 3 is the reactor COD removal effect figures of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the reactor ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen removal effect figure of embodiment 1;
Fig. 5 is hydraulics simulation drawing in the reactor of embodiment 1;
Fig. 6 is that pollutant in the reactor stable operation cycle of embodiment 1 and DO change over tendency chart;
Fig. 7 is the overlooking the structure diagram of reactor body of the present invention;
In figure:1- liquid level gauges, 2- reactor bodies, 3- delivery ports, 4- aerators, 5- ring-type guiding gutters, 6- water inlets, 7- water distribution reservoirs, 8- intake pumps, 9- controllers, 10- air blasts.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
The efficient denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor, including for being inoculated with the reactor body 2 of aerobic particle mud, instead Answer the bottom of device main body 2 that water inlet 6, top is set and liquid level gauge 1 is set, the middle part of reactor body 2 arranges delivery port 3, reactor master Aerator 4 is set in the cavity of body 2, and aerator 4 is arranged on the position of 2 total height of reactor body 1/3, the bottom of reactor body 2 One ring-type guiding gutter 5, ring-type guiding gutter 5 are set every the position of 2 total height of reactor body 1/9 between portion and aerator 4 Be fixed on the inwall of reactor body 2, aerator 4 is connected by air inlet pipe with air blast 10, water inlet 6 by water inlet pipe with Intake pump 8 connects, and intake pump 8 is connected with sewage distribution reservoir 7;Also include controller 9, controller 9 and intake pump 8, air blast 10, The control connection of liquid level gauge 1.The height of reactor body 2 and the ratio of internal diameter are 6:1.Aerator 4 is arranged on reactor body 2 The position of total height 1/3 so that the cavity top of reactor body 2 becomes aerobic zone, and cavity bottom becomes anoxic zone.Described ring-type Guiding gutter 5 to the tilted setting of the cavity of reactor body 2, ring-type guiding gutter 5 are 45 degree with the angle of horizontal plane, ring-type guiding gutter 5 width is the 1/10 of the internal diameter of reactor body 2.
Using the sewage water treatment method of above-mentioned efficient denitrification aerobic granular sludge reactor, using sequencing batch operation mode, The cycle of operation includes water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, water outlet four-stage, all water inlets in device, aeration, water outlet by controller 9 oneself Dynamicization is controlled, and the control method of controller 9 is conventional control methods;
1)Water inlet:Aerobic particle mud is inoculated with reactor body 2, mud amount 4000mg/L is inoculated with, by pending city Political affairs sewage first accesses sewage distribution reservoir 7, and sewage is sent into into reactor from the water inlet 6 of the bottom of reactor body 2 by intake pump 8 In the cavity of main body 2, flooding time is 10min, by the upper liquid level of the control water inlet of liquid level gauge 1 at the top of reactor body 2;
2)Aeration:The air inlet of aerator 4 is given by air blast 10, using air aeration, surface gas speed 1cm/s, aeration dress Put 4 and be arranged on the position of 2 total height of reactor body 1/3 so that the cavity top of reactor body 2 becomes aerobic zone, cavity bottom Become anoxic zone;Now aerobic zone and the volume of anoxic zone are 3-5:1;Bubbles entrain current and particle that aerator 4 is produced Sludge is moved upwards in central area, and granule sludge is reached behind the top of reactor body 2, along reactor master in the presence of current The wall of body 2 moves downwardly to the bottom of reactor body 2;In the presence of bottom annular guiding gutter 5, partial sludge is in reactor master The cavity bottom anoxic zone of body 2 is circulated, and partial sludge collects and again by aeration generation bubble band to the chamber central of reactor body 2 Enter up current, aeration time is 210min;
3)Sedimentation:Stop carrying out the standing of 10min after aeration, make in reactor settling of granular sludge and be separated from water;
4)Water outlet:After mud-water separation is complete, sewage is discharged after the delivery port 3 of reactor will be processed, water discharging time 10min。
Described aerobic particle mud adopts sewage disposal second pond returned sludge, the municipal administration in the sewage distribution reservoir 7 Sewage, COD concentration 300-500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 50-100mg/L, volumetric loading 0.9-1.5 kg/CODm3D, volume-exchange Rate 40-60%.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are further illustrated below by way of corresponding data.
The operation 22d post-reactor granulatings of embodiment 1, more than 800 μm of average grain diameter, reactor stable operation, sludge quantity Sustainable growth is simultaneously stable in 8000mg/L or so.Granule sludge has good settleability, and SVI stablizes in below 30ml/g, such as Shown in Fig. 2.After system stable operation, the clearance of ammonia nitrogen and COD maintains all the time more than 90%, as shown in Figure 3;Reaction utensil Have a good denitrification denitrogenation effect, nitrogen removal rate up to more than 80%, as shown in Figure 4.Reactor Study on Flow Field shows, aeration The bubbles entrain current and granule sludge that device 4 is produced are moved upwards in central area, and granule sludge reaches reactor body 2 and pushes up Behind portion, the bottom of reactor body 2 is moved downwardly to along the wall of reactor body 2 in the presence of current;In bottom annular water conservancy diversion In the presence of groove 5, partial sludge is circulated in the cavity bottom anoxic zone of reactor body 2, and partial sludge is to the cavity of reactor body 2 Center collect and again by aeration produce bubble bring up current into, as shown in Figure 5.Dissolved oxygen in cycle during stable operation is surveyed Surely show, anoxic zone dissolved oxygen maintains 0.17-0.48mg/L or so, the condition for possessing denitrification denitrogenation.To pollutant removal Efficiency test shows, with ammonia nitrogen(N-NH4 +)It is oxidized to N-NO3 -, ammonia nitrogen concentration is gradually reduced in reactor, but N-NO3 -It is dense There is not substantially rising, and total nitrogen in degree(TN)Concentration is gradually lowered, and illustrates there is obvious synchronous denitrification effect in reactor, As shown in Figure 6.Present invention achieves aerobic sludge granulation and stable operation under low-intensity flow condition, while having good Pollutant removal.
In above-mentioned reactor, aerator 4 can be arranged on the total height 1/3.5 of reactor body 2 or 1/4 position, this Individual aerator height is by anoxic zone in reactor(Dissolved oxygen is less than 0.5 mg/L)With aerobic zone(Dissolved oxygen is more than 2 mg/ L)Volume ratio is norm controlling, and anoxic zone is 4 with aerobic zone volume ratio:1-5:1 best results, the bottom of reactor body 2 and exposure One ring-type guiding gutter 5 is set every the total height 1/8 of reactor body 2 or 1/10 position between device of air 4;Reactor body 2 Height and internal diameter ratio be 5:1 or 7:1;Ring-type guiding gutter 5 is 40 degree or 50 degree with the angle of horizontal plane, ring-type guiding gutter 5 width is the 1/9 or 1/11 of the internal diameter of reactor body 2, and other structures are with embodiment 1.
In above-mentioned sewage water treatment method:Step 1)The middle mg/L or 5000mg/L of inoculation mud amount 3000, flooding time is 5 Min or 15min;Step 2)In:Surface gas speed 0.5 cm/s or 1.5cm/s, aeration time is 150 min or 250min;Step 3)In:Stop carrying out the standing of 5min or 10min after aeration;Step 4)In:Water discharging time is 5 min or 10min;Other are with real Applying the method described in example 1 can also obtain beneficial effect of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor, it is characterised in that include the reactor master for being inoculated with aerobic particle mud Body(2), reactor body(2)Bottom arranges water inlet(6), top arrange liquid level gauge(1), reactor body(2)Middle part is arranged Delivery port(3), reactor body(2)Aerator is set in cavity(4), aerator(4)It is arranged on reactor body(2)Always Height 1/3-1/4 positions, reactor body(2)Bottom and aerator(4)Between every reactor body(2)Total height 1/8- 1/10 position arranges a ring-type guiding gutter(5), ring-type guiding gutter(5)It is fixed on reactor body(2)On inwall, described ring Shape guiding gutter(5)To reactor body(2)The tilted setting of cavity, ring-type guiding gutter(5)It is 40-50 with the angle of horizontal plane Degree, ring-type guiding gutter(5)Width be reactor body(2)The 1/9-1/11 of internal diameter;Aerator(4)By air inlet pipe and drum Blower fan(10)Connection, water inlet(6)By water inlet pipe and intake pump(8)Connection, intake pump(8)With sewage distribution reservoir(7)Connection; Also include controller(9), controller(9)With intake pump(8), air blast(10), liquid level gauge(1)Control connection.
2. a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that reactor body(2)Height The ratio of degree and internal diameter is 5-7:1.
3. a kind of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that aerator(4)It is arranged on Reactor body(2)Total height 1/3-1/4 position so that reactor body(2)Cavity top becomes aerobic zone, cavity bottom into For anoxic zone.
4. using a kind of sewage water treatment method of the denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor described in claim 1, it is characterised in that The sewage water treatment method adopts sequencing batch operation mode, the cycle of operation to include water inlet, aeration, sedimentation, water outlet four-stage, device Interior all water inlets, aeration, water outlet are by controller(9)Automated condtrol;
1)Water inlet:In reactor body(2)Middle inoculation aerobic particle mud, is inoculated with mud amount 3000-5000mg/L, will be pending Municipal wastewater first accesses sewage distribution reservoir(7), by intake pump(8)By sewage from reactor body(2)The water inlet of bottom(6) Send into reactor body(2)In cavity, flooding time is 5-15min, by reactor body(2)The liquid level gauge at top(1)Control The upper liquid level of system water inlet;
2)Aeration:By air blast(10)To aerator(4)Air inlet, using air aeration, surface gas speed 0.5-1.5cm/s, Aerator(4)It is arranged on reactor body(2)Total height 1/3-1/4 position so that reactor body(2)Cavity top becomes Aerobic zone, cavity bottom becomes anoxic zone;Now aerobic zone and the volume of anoxic zone are 3-5:1;Aerator(4)The gas of generation Bubble drives current and granule sludge to move upwards in central area, and granule sludge reaches reactor body(2)Behind top, in current In the presence of along reactor body(2)Wall moves downwardly to reactor body(2)Bottom;In bottom annular guiding gutter(5)'s Under effect, partial sludge is in reactor body(2)Cavity bottom anoxic zone is circulated, and partial sludge is to reactor body(2)Cavity Center collect and again by aeration produce bubble bring up current into, aeration time is 150-250min;
3)Sedimentation:Stop carrying out the standing of 5-15min after aeration, make in reactor settling of granular sludge and be separated from water;
4)Water outlet:After mud-water separation is complete, by the delivery port of reactor(3)Sewage is discharged after processing, water discharging time 5- 15min。
5. a kind of sewage disposal side of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor of claim 1 is adopted as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that the sewage distribution reservoir(7)In municipal wastewater, COD concentration 300-500mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 50-100mg/L, Volumetric loading 0.9-1.5 kg/CODm3·d。
6. a kind of sewage disposal side of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor of claim 1 is adopted as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that described aerobic particle mud adopts sewage disposal second pond returned sludge.
7. a kind of sewage disposal side of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor of claim 1 is adopted as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that step 1)In:Inoculation mud amount 3500-4500mg/L.
8. a kind of sewage disposal side of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor of claim 1 is adopted as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that step 2)In:Surface gas speed 0.8-1.2cm/s, aeration time is 180-220min.
9. a kind of sewage disposal side of denitrogenation aerobic granular sludge reactor of claim 1 is adopted as claimed in claim 4 Method, it is characterised in that step 2)In:Surface gas speed 1cm/s;Aeration time is 200min.
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