CN104886094B - Ointment applied to pruning wounds of diseased branches of blueberry plants - Google Patents
Ointment applied to pruning wounds of diseased branches of blueberry plants Download PDFInfo
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- CN104886094B CN104886094B CN201510276265.9A CN201510276265A CN104886094B CN 104886094 B CN104886094 B CN 104886094B CN 201510276265 A CN201510276265 A CN 201510276265A CN 104886094 B CN104886094 B CN 104886094B
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- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 206010052428 Wound Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an ointment applied to pruning wounds of diseased branches of blueberry plants. The ointment is prepared from the following components: 0.5-3.0 parts of a pyraclostrobin suspending agent with mass fraction of 30%, 5-15 parts of chitosan aqueous agent with mass fraction of 0.5%, 10-20 parts of liquid paraffin, 0.2-0.5 part of fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether, 25-45 parts of Vaseline and 25-45 parts of wool fat. The application also discloses a preparation method and application of the ointment. The ointment is mainly used for promoting healing of pruning wounds, caused by pruning diseased brancheswith shoot blight, of blueberry plants and preventing newly born branches under the pruning wounds from being infected by shoot blight again.
Description
Technical field
Ointment is smeared the present invention relates to a kind of clip, and in particular to a kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears ointment.
Background technology
With the expansion and the increase of the time limit of blueberry cultivated area, disease problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, particularly blueberry dead-arm
Evil has destructive harm to disease plant.Often result in susceptible branch and wilt withered, flower, fruit are withered to come off, and can cause
Tens plants to up to a hundred plants tree body death.Causing the main pathogenic fungi of blueberry branch-rot has grape seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria
Dothidea), bar-shaped plan disk stey (Pestalotiopsis clavispora), Phomopsis (Phomopsis
3 kinds of pathogens such as vaccinii).The branch-rot for wherein being caused with grape seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria dothidea) exists
Field is most commonly seen.
It is pyraclostrobin to have the medicament of stronger bacteriostasis to above-mentioned 3 kinds of pathogens through indoor toxicology neasuring.Pyrrole
Azoles kresoxim-methyl (Pyraclostrobin), molecular formula：C2OH23N3O2, chemical name：N- [2- [[1- (4- chlorphenyls) pyrazoles -3-
Base] oxygen methyl] phenyl]-N- methoxy carbamate methyl esters.Pyraclostrobin system methoxy acrylic bactericide, mainly
By suppressing mitochondrial membrane fluidity III (ubiquinone-cytochrome c oxidoreductase, ubiquinone- in disease fungus body
Cytochrome coxidoreductase) activity so that electronics cannot be transferred to cromoci from ubiquinone, cause bacterium
Body ATP cannot normally synthesize, and ultimately result in thalline dead because of energy starvation.Pyraclostrobin have protection, treatment and compared with
Strong systemic action, it by Fungi Imperfecti, sac fungus, basidiomycetes etc. to being caused such as banded sclerotial blight, rice blast, powdery mildew, smut
Deng with more good preventive effect；With permeability and local systemic activity, the lasting period is long, resistance of rainwater washing against；The compound is not
Only toxicity is low, to non-target organism safety and friendly to user and environment safety, is classified as by U.S. EPA and " reduces wind
The Candidate Agents of danger ".In addition, pyraclostrobin can produce positive physiological regulatory action to crop, it is widely used in preventing and treating small
Wheat, paddy rice, peanut, grape, vegetables, potato, banana, lemon, coffee, fruit tree, walnut, tea tree, tobacco and ornamental plant, grass
Disease on level ground and other field crops.
Chitosan has good effect to the blueberry virosis that prevention can be propagated by modes such as juice, prunings
Really.Chitosan (i.e. shitosan) is that the chitin (chitin) being widely present by nature is obtained by deacetylation,
Chemical name is Chitosan (1-4) -2- amino-B-D glucose.The double-core joined of various chitosans for including uniqueness resists
The inverse factor, can produce inhibitory action to the growth of some germs, influence fungus spore germination, induce hypha form morph,
Biochemistry changes in spore；Gene in plant can be excited, the chitinase with resistant effect, dextranase is produced, is protected element
And PR albumen etc., and with cell activation effect, contribute to the recovery of aggrieved plant, promoting root growth strong sprout strengthens the resistance of crop,
Promote growth and development of plants.Shitosan not only has extremely strong preventing and treating and eradicant action, but also has to fungi, bacterium, virus
Nutritious, regulation, removing toxic substances, effect of antibacterial, can be widely used for preventing and treating fruit tree, vegetables, underground rhizome, tobacco, Chinese medicine and grain
The virus of cotton crop, bacterium, fungus-caused disease.
Found by long-term experiment, traditional spray pesticide is extremely difficult to expected prevention effect to blueberry branch-rot.
Wiping out the deadwood on blueberry plant can reduce gradient of infection, but wipes out disease branch and be highly advantageous to the propagation of blueberry virosis, cause
Plant infection is viral and leaves larger wound, while newborn branch is easily infected branch-rot again under clip.Therefore, profit
It is used widely in being protected production of fruit trees to fruit tree clip with Wound-healing agent.But, using pyraclostrobin with
Application study of the liniment of chitosan compounding on blueberry is not seen in report.
The content of the invention
For above-mentioned prior art, ointment is smeared it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful, can be more preferable
Healing because wiping out branch-rot disease branch caused by tree body clip, prevent newborn branch under clip from infecting branch-rot again and promoting to hinder
Outspoken speed healing.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：
A kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears ointment, is formulated by the raw material of following component, and mass fraction is 30%
0.5~3.0 part of pyraclostrobin suspending agent, mass fraction is 0.5% 5~15 parts of chitosan aqua, atoleine 10~
20 parts, 0.2~0.5 part of AEO, 25~45 parts of vaseline, 25~45 parts of lanolin.
The preparation method of above-mentioned ointment is：Vaseline and lanolin are first added into pyrazoles after 35~45 DEG C of meltings of water-bath
Kresoxim-methyl suspending agent, chitosan aqua, atoleine are stirred continuously, and are eventually adding AEO and continue to stir,
And it is 6~6.5 to adjust the pH value of solution, makes liquid into viscoloid property.
When using, morbidity branch is found in blueberry Growing season, be at 5~20cm under the branch of the symptom that occurs catching an illness by sick branch
Wipe out, then by liquid uniform application in clip tangent plane.
The consumption of ointment is to smear ointment amount per clip according to the thickness of branch to be advisable with 0.2~0.5mL.
A kind of blueberry tree because wiping out branch-rot disease branch caused by tree body clip, can prevent newborn branch under clip from infecting again
The blueberry clip of branch-rot and promotion wound healing smears ointment.It is according to being：
1st, shown according to the pyraclostrobin toxicity test result of the test of embodiment 2：Pyraclostrobin is to causing blueberry branch withered
It is 3 kinds of grapes seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria dothidea) of disease, Phomopsis (Phomopsis vaccinii), bar-shaped
Intend the EC of disk stey (Pestalotiopsis clavispora)50Value is respectively：0.0081mg·L-1、0.0406mg·L-1、0.0085mg·L-1, as a result show：Pyrazoles Fluoxastrobin is best to the inhibition of above-mentioned 3 kinds of blueberries branch-rot opportunistic pathogen.
2nd, the field control effectiveness test result of Blueberry, grape seat chamber bacterium branch-rot is shown according to the different bactericide of embodiment 3：
Several medicaments are to the field control effect of Blueberry, grape seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria dothidea) branch-rot with pyrazoles ether
Bacterium ester+chitosan is best, but preventive effect only 46.19%, preventive effect only 25.71% worst with fludioxonil+chitosan.Show 4 kinds
Medicament is poor to grape seat chamber bacterium preventive effect.It is therefore seen that not being an effective method by spray preventing and treating grape seat chamber bacterium.
3rd, the field control effectiveness test result of blueberry branch-rot is shown according to the different clip liniments of embodiment 4：Clip is applied
Smear and match somebody with somebody ointment in embodiment 1 preventive effect reaches 100% then, next year preventive effect reaches 85.71%.Smear wound to protect, then preventive effect
It is 55%, next year preventive effect is 22.63%；The preventive effect then of lime sulfur is 42.07%, and next year preventive effect is 30.56%；Wound is protected
Branch-rot DeGrain is infected again to the preventing and treating lower innovation of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful with 45% lime sulfur crystalline solid.
" a kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears ointment " of the invention in sum is from medicament compatibility and application method to because wiping out
The branch-rot disease tree body clip that causes of branch, prevents newborn branch under clip from infecting branch-rot again and promotes the wound healing to be
It is scientific and effective.
Specific embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
Embodiment 1：A kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears ointment, as a example by producing 100L products：
1) vaseline 37.5L, lanolin 37.2L are measured in 40 DEG C of meltings of water-bath；
2) the pyraclostrobin suspending agent 2L that mass fraction is 30% is measured again, and mass fraction is 0.5% chitosan
Aqua 10L, atoleine 13L, stir 30 minutes in addition vaseline, lanolin fused solution；
3) 0.3L parts of AEO is added, continues to stir 10 minutes；
4) pH value of adjustment solution is 6~6.5, keeps viscoloid, and carry out being filled into bottle.
Embodiment 2：Pyraclostrobin toxicity test is tested
To understand definite virulence of the different bactericide to blueberry branch-rot, the present invention is for for preventing and treating blueberry branch-rot
Effective agent is screened.
Cause 3 kinds of pathogens of blueberry branch-rot, grape seat chamber bacterium Botryosphaeria dothidea, Phomopsis
Phomopsis vaccinii and bar-shaped plan disk stey Pestalotiopsis clavispora are (blue from Qingdao area
It is isolated in branch-rot branch in certain kind of berries garden), natural occurrence plant is gathered, morbidity branch is separated with using conventional organization partition method,
After the purified culture of bacterial strain being separated to through Koch's Postulates verify its it is pathogenic after again unit cell purification storage on PDA inclined-planes,
Put and store standby in 4 DEG C of refrigerators.
Reagent agent：I (whether 250g/L pyraclostrobins should be pyraclostrobin missible oils), II (24% RH-7592 hang
Floating agent), III (25g/L fludioxonils suspension seed-coating agent), IV (500g/L good fortune pyridine amine suspending agent), V (250g/L Fluoxastrobins suspension
Agent).
Toxicity Determination method：Antibacterial result is determined using growth rate method.5 kinds of bactericide are to 3 kinds of branch-rot of blueberry
The toxicity test result of opportunistic pathogen is as shown in table 1.
Toxicity test result of the 15 kinds of bactericide of table to 3 kinds of branch-rot opportunistic pathogens of blueberry
As can be seen from Table 1, EC of the pyrazoles Fluoxastrobin to grape seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria dothidea)50Value is most
It is small, it is 0.0081mgL-1, secondly it is fludioxonil, RH-7592, EC50Value is respectively 0.0177,0.2716mgL-1, fluazinam,
The EC of Fluoxastrobin50Value is larger, and respectively 8.9653,321.6918mgL-1。
EC of the pyrazoles Fluoxastrobin to Phomopsis (Phomopsis vaccinii)50Value is minimum, is 0.0406mgL-1,
Secondly it is RH-7592, fludioxonil, fluazinam, EC50Value respectively 1.5568,1.8358,4.5628mgL-1, the EC of Fluoxastrobin50
Value is maximum, is 59.1282mgL-1。
EC of the pyrazoles Fluoxastrobin to bar-shaped plan disk stey (Pestalotiopsis clavispora)50Value is minimum, is
0.0085mg·L-1, secondly it is fludioxonil, EC50It is 0.0424mgL to be worth-1, fluazinam, Fluoxastrobin, the EC of RH-759250Value compared with
Greatly, be 7.8400,8.9232,14.3743mgL-1。
Result shows：Pyraclostrobin is best to the inhibition of above-mentioned 3 kinds of blueberries branch-rot opportunistic pathogen.
Embodiment 3：Field control effectiveness test of the different bactericide to Blueberry, grape seat chamber bacterium branch-rot
Reagent agent：I (the 1500 times of chitosan of liquid+0.5% aquas of 250g/L Fluoxastrobins suspending agent, 300 times of liquid)；Ⅱ
(the 3000 times of chitosan of liquid+0.5% aquas of 25g/L fludioxonils suspension seed-coating agent, 300 times of liquid)；III (250g/L pyraclostrobins
The 1800 times of chitosan of liquid+0.5% aquas of missible oil, 300 times of liquid)；IV (24% 1500 times of the RH-7592 suspending agent chitin of liquid+0.5%
300 times of liquid of glycan aqua) and CK (clear water control).
Method：Experiment is carried out in there are the blueberry plot of morbidity in Qingdao blueberry base former years, and experiment often processes 3 repetitions
(cell), cell random alignment, per 3 trees of cell, totally 15 cells, set for 45 altogether.Carry out immediately after fruit picking terminates
Once spray, interval carries out the 2nd dispenser for 10 days.
The direction of all directions 4 totally 40 branches (10, each direction branch and listed marks are set before dispenser for every plant
Show), investigation in 20 days calculates strain disease branch rate after the 2nd dispenser, while calculating effect of chemical control.
Result of the test：4 kinds of bactericide are as shown in table 2 to the prevention effect of grape seat chamber bacterium.
The Blueberry, grape of table 2 seat chamber bacterium field efficiency test result
As can be seen from Table 2：Several medicaments are to Blueberry, grape seat chamber bacterium (Botryosphaeria dothidea) branch-rot
Field control effect is best with pyraclostrobin+chitosan, but preventive effect only 46.19%, worst with fludioxonil+chitosan,
Preventive effect only 25.71%.Show that 4 kinds of medicaments are poor to grape seat chamber bacterium preventive effect.It is therefore seen that by spray preventing and treating grape seat chamber
Bacterium is not an effective method.
Embodiment 4：Field control effectiveness test of the different clip liniments to blueberry branch-rot
Test site and condition：
Test site is to be carried out during there are the blueberry plot of morbidity fertile woods blueberry Ding Jia stockaded villages base former years in Qingdao city.Kind
It is blue rich, the age of tree 9 years.
Experiment medicament used：Smear ointment (matching somebody with somebody ointment in embodiment 1)；Wound is protected (to be had purchased from Sichuan Province's orchid moon science and technology
Limit company)；45% lime sulfur crystalline solid (is purchased from Hebei Shuangji chemical limited company).
Test method：
If 7 treatment：
Treatment 1：Wiped out at 5cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness during clip smears embodiment 1 and match somebody with somebody ointment；
Treatment 2 matches somebody with somebody ointment during smearing embodiment 1 is wiped out at 10cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness；
Treatment 3 matches somebody with somebody ointment during smearing embodiment 1 is wiped out at 15cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness；
Treatment 4 matches somebody with somebody ointment during smearing embodiment 1 is wiped out at 20cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness；
Treatment 5 is wiped out clip at 15cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness and applies wound guarantor；
Treatment 6 is wiped out clip at 15cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness and applies 10 times of lime sulfur crystalline solid of liquid 45%；；
Treatment 7 is compareed, and is wiped out clip at 15cm under the branch of symptom of catching an illness and is smeared with clear water.
5 is 1 cell, and random alignment is repeated 3 times.
On July 25th, 2013 removes sick secateurs by designed distance under the branch of disease symptoms of having illicit sexual relations in branch-rot branch, clip with
Smeared.In coating 100d and 365d, (treatment of experiment was carried out on July 25th, 2013, respectively on November 1st, 2013
And on July 24th, 2014 is investigated) the newborn infected situation of branch under clip is investigated afterwards, it is infected with newborn branch under clip
It is the prevention effect of Indexes Comparison different agents, different beta pruning length to spend.Blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears different agents prevention effect
As shown in table 4.
The blueberry of table 4 disease secateurs mouthful smears different agents prevention effect
Result shows：Preventive effect reaches 100% then to match somebody with somebody ointment in clip smearing embodiment 1, and next year preventive effect reaches
85.71%.Smear wound to protect, preventive effect is 55% then, next year preventive effect is 22.63%；The preventive effect then of lime sulfur is
42.07%, next year preventive effect is 30.56%；Wound is protected and 45% lime sulfur crystalline solid is to the preventing and treating lower new life of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful
Branch infects branch-rot DeGrain again.
Although above-mentioned be described to specific embodiment of the invention, not to the limit of the scope of the present invention
System, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art need not pay
The various modifications or deformation made by going out creative work are still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of blueberry disease secateurs mouthful smears ointment, it is characterised in that be formulated by the raw material of following component, quality point
Number is 30% 0.5~3.0 part of pyraclostrobin suspending agent, and mass fraction is 0.5% 5~15 parts of chitosan aqua, liquid
10~20 parts of body paraffin, 0.2~0.5 part of AEO, 25~45 parts of vaseline, 25~45 parts of lanolin；
The smearing ointment through the following steps that realize：First by vaseline and lanolin water-bath in 35 ~ 45 DEG C of meltings of water-bath
Afterwards, add pyraclostrobin suspending agent, chitosan aqua, atoleine to be stirred continuously, be eventually adding aliphatic alcohol polyethenoxy
Ether continues to stir, and it is 6~6.5 to adjust the pH values of solution, makes liquid into viscoloid property；
When using, morbidity branch is found in blueberry Growing season, be at 5~20cm under the branch of the symptom that occurs catching an illness by sick secateurs
Remove, then by ointment uniform application in clip tangent plane.
2. the preparation method of ointment is smeared as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that through the following steps that realize：First
By vaseline and lanolin water-bath after 35 ~ 45 DEG C of meltings of water-bath, add pyraclostrobin suspending agent, chitosan aqua,
Atoleine is stirred continuously, and is eventually adding AEO and continues to stir, and it is 6~6.5 to adjust the pH values of solution,
Make liquid into viscoloid property.
3. the application for smearing ointment in terms of blueberry branch-rot is treated as claimed in claim 1.
4. the application for smearing ointment in terms of blueberry branch-rot is treated as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that ointment is equal
It is even to be applied to the clip tangent plane for wiping out disease branch.
5. application as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the sick branch wipe out length be 5 under the branch of symptom of catching an illness ~
Wiped out at 20cm.
6. application as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the length of wiping out of the sick branch is under the branch of symptom of catching an illness
Wiped out at 15cm.
7. application as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the consumption of the ointment is that every clip smearing ointment amount is 0.2
~0.5mL.
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| CN104970031A (en) * | 2015-06-22 | 2015-10-14 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | Pesticide composition containing pyraclostrobin and chitosan |
| CN106852339A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-16 | 历佳化工有限公司 | A kind of pesticide ointment and preparation method thereof |
| CN107372481A (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2017-11-24 | 江西天祥通用航空股份有限公司 | A kind of suspending agent and its preparation method and application |
| CN108863547A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2018-11-23 | 山西省农业科学院园艺研究所 | It is a kind of for preventing and treating the medicament and control method of jujube witches broom |
| CN110432279A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 安徽省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of efficient strawberry red-leaf disease treatment suspending agent and preparation method thereof |
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