CN104880334B - Construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems and its test method - Google Patents
Construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems and its test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104880334B CN104880334B CN201510334858.6A CN201510334858A CN104880334B CN 104880334 B CN104880334 B CN 104880334B CN 201510334858 A CN201510334858 A CN 201510334858A CN 104880334 B CN104880334 B CN 104880334B
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Abstract
One kind construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems and its test method, pilot system includes the casing and data acquisition device of flow model in porous media case, pressure gauge is provided with the top of casing, sidewall bottom is provided with spout hole, and side wall top and bottom are respectively equipped with model casing inlet opening under inlet opening and model casing；Tunnel-hole is provided with relative two side；The two ends of fixed steel reinforcement cage are fixed on Tunnel-hole peritreme inwall, and its outer wrapping is every soil layer；The outer ring bolt of ring flange is fixed on Tunnel-hole peritreme outer wall, and inside and outside steel reinforcement cage is fixed between the Tunnel-hole of tunnel two by ring flange respectively；The endoporus of ring flange is provided with cover plate；Construction time soil separating plate is threadedly coupled between inside and outside steel reinforcement cage；Face water fender is fixed in interior steel reinforcement cage internal thread；And the two is located on same vertical section.The system can conveniently, accurately, truly test constructing tunnel, the seepage field situation of operation phase under seepage flow field action.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to constructing and runing phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems and its test method always, belong to building
Engineering test field.
Background technology
The long-term percolating water in tunnel may cause underground water outside tunnel to be largely lost in, level of ground water declines, earth surface water source is exhausted,
Occur along with soil erosion, vegetation deterioration, surface collapse etc.；For tunnel structure, percolating water easily causes lining deformation, arch
Top landslide, accelerates the corrosion of anchor pole and bow member, while tunnel auxiliary facility is corroded, additionally, surface gathered water can also make driving ring
Border deteriorates, and influences traffic safety, destroys pavement quality.As can be seen here, treatment technology for tunnel seepage water problems is solved to will be helpful to ensure tunnel
Structure safely, extend its service life, protection surrounding ecological environment, its core be exactly it is to be understood that tunnel structure and seepage field body it
Between relation.Each stage of tunnel excavation, underground percolation can change therewith, using seepage field of tunnel model test apparatus and
Its test method is tested underground seepage field, is the change of Study of The Underground water, influence and tunnel of the water pressure to tunnel structure
A kind of important means of water yield etc..
Numerous domestic scientific research institutions have successively carried out model test design to the water problems in Mining Method and shield tunnel：
(1)《Rock mechanics and engineering》5th phase in 2007 describes a kind of hydraulic pressure seepage field of tunnel test device systematic high,
It is made up of hydraulic pressure force loading device, containment housing, tunnel structure and the part of hydraulic pressure force test device 4, containment housing steel plate, groove
Steel and I-steel welding processing are formed, and size is 2m × 1m × 1.3m, and the system is only capable of in the case where constant hydrostatic head is acted on to circle
Prefabricated tunnel structure is simulated experiment, it is impossible to realize the mould of each stage seepage field of constructing tunnel and kinetic head and varying head
Intend.
(2) patentee is Southwest Jiaotong University, and Chinese Patent Application No. 201120000959.7 describes a kind of shield
Tunnel draining type segment lining model test box.The chamber includes the tunnel mould that the casing of closed pressure-bearing, PVC round tube are constituted
Type and tank, can study influence of the draining type segment lining to country rock pore water pressure and vent flow, but be unable to body
The influence of existing kinetic head and varying head, cannot also simulate the grouting layer for having significant impact to constructing tunnel.
(3) patentee is Shandong University, and Chinese Patent Application No. 201110412569.5 describes a kind of seabed tunnel
Fluid structure interaction mode pilot system and its test method, including the sealing of high intensity implosion test structure-steel framing, high-strength armoured-glass
Case, monitoring display system, computer controls platform and pressure water tank, can simulate plane and the experiment of accurate three axles fluid structure interaction mode,
But the simulation to grouting and reinforcing layer and different infiltration coefficient lining cutting cannot be realized, can not be to the water yield in tunnel under different heads
It is predicted with displacement.
The model assay systems of the above-mentioned unit of comprehensive analysis, also have the following disadvantages：
1st, above-mentioned model assay systems head is generally constant can not regulate and control, simulated groundwater position single effect, it is difficult to effectively
Support tunnel is completely constructed, and the city tunnel, mountain tunnel and the seabed tunnel that more differently descend height of water level cannot be oozed
Flow field analysis.
2nd, the constructing tunnel phase is the important stage of tunneling, understand the constructing tunnel phase seepage field change, prediction water yield,
The distribution of water pressure of country rock-support system and the influence of face slip casting are tested, can Tunnel Engineering be smoothly completed to pass
It is important, and above-mentioned pilot system cannot complete the Seepage in tunneling stage.
3rd, the change of tunnel perimeter wall rock grouting stabilization zone infiltration coefficient and thickness is larger to underground seepage field, also can
Directly change the water pressure of tunnel structure and gush (row) water, existing model test apparatus are not accounted for or can not adjusted,
Even if adjustable, can only also be realized by changing the pre-buried soil body in casing, it is cumbersome, larger interference is caused to experiment, and
It is time-consuming long, it is unfavorable for that experiment is repeated several times.
The content of the invention
First goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems.This is
System can conveniently, it is accurate, truly constructing tunnel, the water pressure of operation phase under test seepage flow field action, gush (row) water and ooze
Flow field change, and can be according to experiment demand is to country rock, grouting and reinforcing area, face pre-pouring grout area and just the parameter of lining carries out freedom
Configuration and replacing, reduce the situation of tunnel and its periphery seepage field to greatest extent.
The present invention realizes that its first goal of the invention is adopted the technical scheme that：One kind construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel mould
Type pilot system, including flow model in porous media case casing and collection hydraulic pressure and seepage discharge data acquisition device, the casing top
Pressure gauge is provided with, wall box bottom is provided with the spout hole of draining, and it is structurally characterized in that：
Compared with prior art, the present invention realizes that the beneficial effect of the technical scheme that its first goal of the invention is taken is：
1. country rocks are simulated every filling different Rock And Soils outside soil layer by casing, so as to the difference in tunnel can be simulated
The hydrology, ground geological conditions, inlet opening on model casing are connected with the supply equipment for providing head, you can simulated sea bottom well
The seepage field in tunnel；；Inlet opening under model casing is connected with the supply equipment for providing head, you can simcity tunnel well
The seepage field in road, mountain tunnel；So as to the seepage prevention design to Tunnel Engineering and construction provide reliable test basis, to ensure tunnel
The safety in road.
2., except being fixed between fixed steel reinforcement cage and casing, remainder is demountable structure, and flexibility is strong；Can
In the case where the country rock for fixing filling outside steel reinforcement cage is constant, interior Rock And Soil between steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage, simulation are changed
Under same wall rock condition, the grouting and reinforcing area (region between interior steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage) of different infiltration coefficients is right
The influence of Tunnel Infiltration amount；Lining cutting and two linings of tunnel structure can be also adjusted according to actual conditions, it is simple to operate, it is practical.
3. by the design of ring flange inner ring bolt and draw-in groove, you can realize the independent mould of grouting and reinforcing area and tunnel structure
Intend control, practicality and flexibility are stronger.
4. it is connected through a screw thread between construction time soil separating plate and face water fender and interior steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage, can root
Factually border test requirements document changes the position of construction time soil separating plate and face water fender, so as to simulate measure tunnel under construction excavation
To the seepage field of tunnel and its water yield of various location, design and construction to Tunnel Engineering provide reliable test basis,
Ensure the safety of constructing tunnel.
Further, inlet opening and movable type water case apparatus phase under inlet opening or model casing on model casing of the present invention
Even, the concrete structure of the mobile water tank device is：Portable tank is placed on the lifting platform of elevating water tank tower, movable type water
The water inlet of case is connected by flexible pipe with the immersible pump inside the fixed water tank being arranged at below lifting platform, movable type water bottom
The delivery port in portion is connected by flexible pipe with inlet opening under inlet opening on model casing or model casing.
So, by controlling movable type water case apparatus, the state that tunnel is in hydrostatic head, varying head and kinetic head is carried out
Research；The lower constructing tunnel of kinetic head, hydrostatic head and varying head effect, the water pressure of operation phase can truly be tested, (row) water is gushed
Amount and seepage field change.
Second goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model test
The test method of system simulation tunnel under construction seepage field.By the way that the method can conveniently, accurately, truly test seepage field be made
Changed with the water pressure of lower constructing tunnel, water yield and seepage field, and can be according to experiment demand to country rock, grouting and reinforcing area, the palm
Zi Mian pre-pouring grouts area and just the parameter of lining carries out free configuration and replacing, reduces tunnel and its periphery seepage field to greatest extent
Situation.
The present invention realizes that its second goal of the invention is adopted the technical scheme that：It is a kind of with above-mentioned construction and operation phase tunnel
The test method of road model of seepage field pilot system construction simulation phase seepage field of tunnel, its step is as follows：
A. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the compactness layering of setting, is packed into the casing of flow model in porous media case；
And in rock-soil layer pre-buried WG；
B. the Rock And Soil of country rock is simulated in the right side filling of the construction time soil separating plate between outer steel reinforcement cage and interior steel reinforcement cage,
The reinforcing rock-soil layer of the left side filling simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass of construction time soil separating plate, the pre-buried water pressure in rock-soil layer is reinforced
Meter；Geotextiles are fitted on the interior steel reinforcement cage inwall on the left of face water fender, with the lining cutting of simulation tunnel；
C. the Rock And Soil of simulation country rock is filled up on the right side of the face water fender in interior steel reinforcement cage, the ring flange on right side is covered
Cover plate；
D. the delivery port of portable tank bottom is connected with inlet opening under inlet opening on model casing or model casing, and will be moved
Dynamic formula water tank is adjusted to the height of setting；
E. the hydraulic pressure of Rock And Soil between steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage in gathering, in casing the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and
The water flowed out at the ring flange of cover plate is not covered；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and draw the tunnel under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing
Water yield of the seepage field distribution and tunnel of road construction time in the case of face dash；
F. the face water fender in removing in steel reinforcement cage, resurveys the Rock And Soil between interior steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage
Hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and do not cover the water of outflow at the ring flange of cover plate in casing；Terminate experiment, i.e. mould
Plan draws the seepage field distribution and total yield of the constructing tunnel phase under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing.
3rd goal of the invention of the invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model test
The test method of phase seepage field of tunnel is runed in system simulation.The method conveniently, accurately, can be tested truly under seepage flow field action
Water pressure, displacement and the seepage field change of phase are runed in tunnel, and can be according to experiment demand to country rock, grouting and reinforcing area, lining cutting
Parameter carry out free configuration and replacing, the situation of tunnel and its periphery seepage field is reduced to greatest extent.
The present invention realizes that the testing program that its 3rd goal of the invention is taken is：It is a kind of with above-mentioned construction and operation phase tunnel
Road model of seepage field pilot system simulates the test method of operation phase seepage field of tunnel, and its step is as follows：
A. the face water fender in the construction time soil separating plate and interior steel reinforcement cage between outer steel reinforcement cage and interior steel reinforcement cage is removed；
B. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the layering of different compactnesss, is packed into the casing of flow model in porous media case；And
The pre-buried WG in Rock And Soil；
C. the reinforcing rock-soil layer of simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is filled between outer steel reinforcement cage and interior steel reinforcement cage, and is being reinforced
Pre-buried WG in rock-soil layer；Geotextiles are fitted on interior steel reinforcement cage inwall, with the lining cutting of simulation tunnel；In interior steel reinforcement cage
End face is built into the horseshoe-shaped lining of tubulose precast concrete two；
D. the delivery port of portable tank bottom is connected with inlet opening under inlet opening on model casing or model casing, and will be moved
Dynamic formula water tank is adjusted to the height of setting；
E. the hydraulic pressure of Rock And Soil between steel reinforcement cage and outer steel reinforcement cage in gathering, in casing the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and
The water flowed out at ring flange；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and show that oozing for phase is runed in the tunnel under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing
Flow Field Distribution and displacement.
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention entirety cross-sectional view (not drawing movable type water case apparatus).
Fig. 2 be the embodiment of the present invention carry out tunnel under construction seepage field test when, measurement tunnel in face dash feelings
The cross-sectional view (not drawing movable type water case apparatus) of the water yield under condition.
Fig. 3 be the embodiment of the present invention carry out tunnel under construction seepage field test when, measure tunnel total yield section
Structural representation (does not draw movable type water case apparatus).
Fig. 4 is that cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention when the experiment of operation phase seepage field of tunnel is carried out (does not draw shifting
Dynamic formula cistern device).
Fig. 5 be the embodiment of the present invention in the seepage field in simulated sea bottom tunnel with the connection signal of movable type water case apparatus
Figure.
Fig. 6 be the embodiment of the present invention in simcity tunnel, the seepage field of mountain tunnel, with movable type water case apparatus
Connection diagram.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows that a kind of specific embodiment of the invention is：One kind construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model test
System, including flow model in porous media case casing 1 and the data acquisition device of collection hydraulic pressure and seepage discharge, the top of the casing 1 is provided with
Pressure gauge 2, the sidewall bottom of casing 1 is provided with the spout hole 5 of draining, and it is structurally characterized in that：
The side wall top of described casing 1 is provided with inlet opening 12 on model casing, and side wall bottom is provided with inlet opening under model casing
13；Casing 1 is provided with Tunnel-hole on relative two side；
The two ends of fixed steel reinforcement cage 6 are fixedly welded on the peritreme inwall of Tunnel-hole, in outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7
The two ends of interior steel reinforcement cage 8 alignment Tunnel-hole, and the two ends of interior steel reinforcement cage 8 are connected by the inner ring bolt 3a of ring flange 3 with ring flange 3
Connect, the outer ring bolt 3b of ring flange 3 is screwed on the peritreme outer wall of the Tunnel-hole of casing 1, the two ends engaging of outer steel reinforcement cage 7
In on the draw-in groove of the inner surface of ring flange 3；Ring flange 3 is provided with the cover plate 4 that can cover the endoporus of ring flange 3；
The shape of the endoporus of fixed steel reinforcement cage 6, interior steel reinforcement cage 8, the end face of outer steel reinforcement cage 7, Tunnel-hole and ring flange 3 is
The shape of a hoof；
Fixed steel reinforcement cage 6 be wrapped with by finer wire net and non-woven fabrics mix every soil layer 9；
Construction time soil separating plate 10 is threaded between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8；In the interior table of interior steel reinforcement cage 8
Being screwed on face has face water fender 11；And construction time soil separating plate 10 is located at same vertical section with face water fender 11
On.
Inlet opening 13 is connected with movable type water case apparatus under inlet opening 12 or model casing on model casing described in this example, institute
Stating the concrete structure of mobile water tank device is：Portable tank 14 is placed on the lifting platform of elevating water tank tower 15, movable type water
The water inlet 14a of case 14 is connected by flexible pipe with the immersible pump 17 inside the fixed water tank 16 being arranged at below lifting platform, is moved
The delivery port 14b of the bottom of dynamic formula water tank 14 is connected by flexible pipe with inlet opening 13 under inlet opening on model casing 12 or model casing.Move
The delivery port 14b of the bottom of dynamic formula water tank 14 is connected by flexible pipe with inlet opening under model casing 13, can be with simcity tunnel, the mountain ridge
The seepage field in tunnel, as shown in Figure 6.The delivery port 14b of the bottom of portable tank 14 is by flexible pipe and inlet opening 12 on model casing
It is connected, can be with the seepage field in simulated sea bottom tunnel, as shown in Figure 5.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, Fig. 5 show, with the construction described in this example and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model test system
System, the test method step of the tunnel under construction seepage field in simulated sea bottom tunnel is as follows：
A. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the compactness layering of setting, is packed into the casing 1 of flow model in porous media case；
And in rock-soil layer pre-buried WG；
B. the ground of country rock is simulated in the right side filling of the construction time soil separating plate 10 between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8
Body, the reinforcing rock-soil layer of grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is simulated in the left side filling of construction time soil separating plate 10, pre- in rock-soil layer is reinforced
Bury WG；Geotextiles are fitted on the inwall of interior steel reinforcement cage 8 in the left side of face water fender 11, with the lining of simulation tunnel
Build；
C. the Rock And Soil of simulation country rock is filled up on the right side of face water fender 11 in interior steel reinforcement cage 8, covers the method on right side
The cover plate 4 of blue disk；
D. the delivery port 14b of the bottom of portable tank 14 is connected with inlet opening on model casing 12, and by portable tank
14 are adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7, the water of the Rock And Soil of laying in casing 1
The water flowed out at pressure and the ring flange 3 for not covering cover plate 4；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation draws specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing condition
Under the constructing tunnel phase water yield in the case of face dash of seepage field distribution and tunnel；
F. the face water fender 11 in removing in steel reinforcement cage 8, resurveys between interior steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7
The hydraulic pressure of Rock And Soil, the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and does not cover the water of outflow at the ring flange 3 of cover plate 4 in casing 1；Terminate
Experiment, i.e. simulation draw the seepage field distribution and total yield of the constructing tunnel phase under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing.
Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 1, Fig. 6 show, with the construction described in this example and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model test system
The test method step of the tunnel under construction seepage field of system, simcity tunnel or mountain tunnel is as follows：
A. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the compactness layering of setting, is packed into the casing 1 of flow model in porous media case；
And in rock-soil layer pre-buried WG；
B. the ground of country rock is simulated in the right side filling of the construction time soil separating plate 10 between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8
Body, the reinforcing rock-soil layer of grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is simulated in the left side filling of construction time soil separating plate 10, pre- in rock-soil layer is reinforced
Bury WG；Geotextiles are fitted on the inwall of interior steel reinforcement cage 8 in the left side of face water fender 11, with the lining of simulation tunnel
Build；
C. the Rock And Soil of simulation country rock is filled up on the right side of face water fender 11 in interior steel reinforcement cage 8, covers the method on right side
The cover plate 4 of blue disk；
D. the delivery port 14b of the bottom of portable tank 14 is connected with inlet opening under model casing 13, and by portable tank
14 are adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7, the water of the Rock And Soil of laying in casing 1
The water flowed out at pressure and the ring flange 3 for not covering cover plate 4；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation draws specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing condition
Under the constructing tunnel phase water yield in the case of face dash of seepage field distribution and tunnel；
F. the face water fender 11 in removing in steel reinforcement cage 8, resurveys between interior steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7
The hydraulic pressure of Rock And Soil, the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and does not cover the water of outflow at the ring flange 3 of cover plate 4 in casing 1；Terminate
Experiment, i.e. simulation draw the seepage field distribution and total yield of the constructing tunnel phase under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing.
Fig. 4, Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 show, with the construction described in this example and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems, mould
The test method step for intending the operation phase seepage field of tunnel of seabed tunnel is as follows：
A. the face gear in the construction time soil separating plate 10 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8 between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8 is removed
Water plate 11；
B. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the layering of different compactnesss, is packed into the casing 1 of flow model in porous media case；And
The pre-buried WG in Rock And Soil；
C. the reinforcing rock-soil layer of simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is filled between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8, and is being added
Gu pre-buried WG in rock-soil layer；Geotextiles are fitted on the inwall of interior steel reinforcement cage 8, with the lining cutting of simulation tunnel；In interior steel
Muscle cage 8 is built into end face in the horseshoe-shaped lining of tubulose precast concrete two；
D. the delivery port 14b of the bottom of portable tank 14 is connected with inlet opening on model casing 12, and by portable tank
14 are adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7, the water of the Rock And Soil of laying in casing 1
The water flowed out at pressure and ring flange 3；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and draw the tunnel operation under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing
The seepage field distribution and displacement of phase.
Fig. 4, Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 show, with the construction described in this example and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems, mould
The test method step for intending the operation phase seepage field of tunnel of city tunnel or mountain tunnel is as follows：
A. the face gear in the construction time soil separating plate 10 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8 between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8 is removed
Water plate 11；
B. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the layering of different compactnesss, is packed into the casing 1 of flow model in porous media case；And
The pre-buried WG in Rock And Soil；
C. the reinforcing rock-soil layer of simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is filled between outer steel reinforcement cage 7 and interior steel reinforcement cage 8, and is being added
Gu pre-buried WG in rock-soil layer；Geotextiles are fitted on the inwall of interior steel reinforcement cage 8, with the lining cutting of simulation tunnel；In interior steel
Muscle cage 8 is built into end face in the horseshoe-shaped lining of tubulose precast concrete two；
D. the delivery port 14b of the bottom of portable tank 14 is connected with inlet opening under model casing 13, and by portable tank
14 are adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage 8 and outer steel reinforcement cage 7, the water of the Rock And Soil of laying in casing 1
The water flowed out at pressure and ring flange 3；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and draw the tunnel operation under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing
The seepage field distribution and displacement of phase.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems, including flow model in porous media case casing (1) and gather water
The data acquisition device of pressure and seepage discharge, casing (1) top is provided with pressure gauge (2), and casing (1) sidewall bottom is provided with draining
Spout hole (5), it is characterised in that：
The side wall top of described casing (1) is provided with inlet opening on model casing (12), and side wall bottom is provided with inlet opening under model casing
(13)；Casing (1) is provided with Tunnel-hole on relative two side；
The two ends of fixed steel reinforcement cage (6) are fixedly welded on the peritreme inwall of Tunnel-hole, outer steel reinforcement cage (7) and outer steel reinforcement cage (7)
Interior interior steel reinforcement cage (8) two ends alignment Tunnel-hole, and interior steel reinforcement cage (8) the two ends inner ring bolt (3a) that passes through ring flange (3)
It is connected with ring flange (3), the outer ring bolt (3b) of ring flange (3) is screwed on the peritreme outer wall of the Tunnel-hole of casing (1),
The two ends of outer steel reinforcement cage (7) are sticked on the draw-in groove of ring flange (3) inner surface；Ring flange (3) is provided with can cover ring flange (3)
The cover plate (4) of endoporus；
The shape of the endoporus of fixed steel reinforcement cage (6), interior steel reinforcement cage (8), the end face of outer steel reinforcement cage (7), Tunnel-hole and ring flange (3)
It is the shape of a hoof；
Fixed steel reinforcement cage (6) be wrapped with by finer wire net and non-woven fabrics mix every soil layer (9)；
Construction time soil separating plate (10) is threaded between outer steel reinforcement cage (7) and interior steel reinforcement cage (8)；In interior steel reinforcement cage (8)
Being screwed on inner surface has face water fender (11)；And construction time soil separating plate (10) with face water fender (11) positioned at same
On one vertical section.
2. one kind according to claim 1 is constructed and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems, it is characterised in that：Institute
Inlet opening (13) is connected with movable type water case apparatus under inlet opening (12) or model casing on the model casing stated, the mobile water tank dress
The concrete structure put is：Portable tank (14) is placed on the lifting platform of elevating water tank tower (15), portable tank (14)
Water inlet (14a) is connected by the flexible pipe immersible pump (17) internal with the fixed water tank (16) being arranged at below lifting platform, is moved
The delivery port (14b) of dynamic formula water tank (14) bottom is by flexible pipe and inlet opening (13) under inlet opening (12) on model casing or model casing
It is connected.
3. a kind of construction and operation phase seepage field of tunnel model assay systems construction simulation phase tunnel with described in claim 2 is oozed
The test method in flow field, its step is as follows：
A. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the compactness layering of setting, is packed into the casing of flow model in porous media case (1)；And
The pre-buried WG in rock-soil layer；
B. the rock of country rock is simulated in the right side filling of the construction time soil separating plate (10) between outer steel reinforcement cage (7) and interior steel reinforcement cage (8)
The soil body, in the reinforcing rock-soil layer of the left side filling simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass of construction time soil separating plate (10), is reinforcing rock-soil layer
In pre-buried WG；Geotextiles are fitted on interior steel reinforcement cage (8) inwall on the left of face water fender (11), to simulate tunnel
The lining cutting in road；
C. the Rock And Soil of simulation country rock is filled up on face water fender (11) right side in interior steel reinforcement cage (8), covers the method on right side
The cover plate (4) of blue disk；
D. by inlet opening under inlet opening (12) on the delivery port (14b) of portable tank (14) bottom and model casing or model casing
(13) it is connected, and portable tank (14) is adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage (8) and outer steel reinforcement cage (7), the Rock And Soil of laying in casing (1)
Hydraulic pressure and do not cover cover plate (4) ring flange (3) place outflow water；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation show that specific country rock, slip casting add
Gu under the conditions of the constructing tunnel phase water yield in the case of face dash of seepage field distribution and tunnel；
F. the face water fender (11) in removing in steel reinforcement cage (8), resurvey interior steel reinforcement cage (8) and outer steel reinforcement cage (7) it
Between Rock And Soil hydraulic pressure, the hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil of laying and do not cover ring flange (3) places of cover plate (4) and flow out in casing (1)
Water；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and draw the seepage field distribution of constructing tunnel phase under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing and total
Water yield.
4. a kind of construction and seepage field of tunnel model assay systems simulation operation phase, tunnel operation phase with described in claim 2 is oozed
The test method in flow field, its step is as follows：
A. the area in the construction time soil separating plate (10) and interior steel reinforcement cage (8) between outer steel reinforcement cage (7) and interior steel reinforcement cage (8) is removed
Face water fender (11)；
B. the Rock And Soil that country rock will be simulated is laid by the layering of different compactnesss, is packed into the casing of flow model in porous media case (1)；And
Pre-buried WG in Rock And Soil；
C. the reinforcing rock-soil layer of simulation grouting and reinforcing area rock mass is filled between outer steel reinforcement cage (7) and interior steel reinforcement cage (8), and is being added
Gu pre-buried WG in rock-soil layer；Geotextiles are fitted on interior steel reinforcement cage (8) inwall, with the lining cutting of simulation tunnel；Including
Steel reinforcement cage (8) is built into end face in the horseshoe-shaped lining of tubulose precast concrete two；
D. by inlet opening under inlet opening (12) on the delivery port (14b) of portable tank (14) bottom and model casing or model casing
(13) it is connected, and portable tank (14) is adjusted to the height of setting；
The hydraulic pressure of the Rock And Soil in E. gathering between steel reinforcement cage (8) and outer steel reinforcement cage (7), the Rock And Soil of laying in casing (1)
Hydraulic pressure and the water of ring flange (3) place outflow；Terminate experiment, i.e. simulation and draw the tunnel under the conditions of specific country rock, grouting and reinforcing
The seepage field distribution and displacement of operation phase.
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| CN105352867B (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2018-05-04 | 四川大学 | Simulate the test method of more gap set medium tunnel seepage flow |
| CN106710434A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-24 | 山东大学 | 3D printed water-permeable pavement scale simulation device and method under action of runoff |
| CN107330191B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2021-02-05 | 暨南大学 | Numerical simulation analysis method for influence of underground water on subway shield tunnel construction |
| CN108008118B (en) * | 2017-12-31 | 2019-02-22 | 浙江大学 | Seabed tunnel dynamic response experimental rig under tide simulation load action |
| CN108426706B (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2023-10-17 | 西南交通大学 | Shield type TBM tunnel segment design test bench for high water pressure area |
| CN109470625A (en) * | 2018-12-19 | 2019-03-15 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | A kind of infiltrative model test apparatus of simulation Faults in Tunnels country rock |
| CN111983193A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-24 | 西南交通大学 | High ground temperature country rock tunnel structure analogue test device |
| CN112504935A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-16 | 青岛理工大学 | Tunnel seepage test device |
| CN113358544B (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-04-11 | 西南交通大学 | Method for accurately measuring infiltration line for tunnel steady-state seepage field model test |
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