CN104874606A - Production method of high-chromium ferrite stainless steel seamless pipe - Google Patents
Production method of high-chromium ferrite stainless steel seamless pipe Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a production method of a high-chromium ferrite stainless steel 2Cr25N seamless pipe. The production method comprises the following technological processes: round billet peeling, forging stock heating, piercing, tube rolling, reheating and sizing and reducing, wherein a round billet is pierced by a piercing device for form a capillary tube blank; in the piercing process, the round billet is pieced by the piecing device to form a capillary tube blank, the total diameter reduction rate is 8-12%, the plug extend reduction rate is not larger than 4%, and the ovality is 1.06-1.14; the capillary tube blank is rolled to form a pierced billet; the pierced billet is reheated in a reheating furnace, the outlet temperature of the reheating furnace is higher than or equal to 860 DEG C; then performing high-pressure water descaling to remove oxide scale on the outer surface of the pierced billet; the pierced billet is subjected to sizing and reducing to obtain the required high-chromium ferrite stainless steel 2Cr25N seamless pipe. The production method has the characteristics that the production cycle and the production process are short, and the product quality meets the use requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metallurgical technology field, be specifically related to a kind of production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel 2Cr25N seamless steel pipe.
Background technology
High chromium content ferrite stainless steel 2Cr25N, high containing Cr amount, non-oxidizability is better than the ferritic stainless steel of Cr13 and Cr18 type, is particularly suitable for using under the condition of temperature fierceness fluctuation.The various heat-resistant components worked under can being produced on more than 950 DEG C loading condictions.In traditional production technology, 89 × 5mm specification 2Cr25N ferritic stainless seamless steel tube, the main technique of " strip off the skin forging stock → bore hole → eddy-current heating → reaming → eddy-current heating → extruding " that adopts is produced.This production technology production procedure is long, and the production cycle is long, and product lumber recovery is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
For above-mentioned defect, the invention provides a kind of production method of high chromium 2Cr25N ferritic stainless seamless steel tube newly, method of the present invention has with short production cycle, and production procedure is short, and product quality meets the features such as instructions for use.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
The invention provides a kind of production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe, its technological process comprises: the round base that strips off the skin → heating forging stock → perforation → rolling tube rolling → heat → determine tube reducing again, wherein:
Use punching machine to carry out perforation to circle base and form hollow billet blank; In perforation process, overall diameter reduction ratio is 8 ~ 12%, top front reduction ratio≤4%, and ovality is 1.06 ~ 1.14;
Hollow billet blank is rolled into hollow forging;
Hollow forging heats through reheating furnace again, and reheating furnace exports out temperature >=860 DEG C; Then carry out high-pressure water descaling, remove its outer surface iron scale;
Hollow forging is through determining the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe that tube reducing obtains required size specification.
The external diameter of described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe is Ф 60 ~ 356mm.
Further, rotary heating furnace, roller hearth type heating furnace or eddy-current heating is adopted in described heating forging stock operation.
In heating forging stock operation, adopt rotary heating furnace heating, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, heat-recovery section temperature (i.e. forging stock material charging temperature) is lower than 800 DEG C, and preheating section temperature controls at 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature controls at 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C.General, at annular furnace charging aperture, place arranges heat-recovery section, and heat-recovery section utilizes and is arranged on the heat energy that preheating section thereafter, bringing-up section, the waste heat flue gas that produces of heat supply burner combustion of soaking zone and high temperature section bring and carries out preheating to the pipe through heat-recovery section.
Preferred, heating forging stock operation adopts rotary heating furnace heating, and rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Bringing-up section is divided into heating 1 section, heating 2 sections, wherein, forging stock material is in 5 ~ 7 hours heat times of heat-recovery section, preheating section, heating 1 section (i.e. low-temperature zone), 1.5 ~ 2 hours are less than in the heat time of heating 2 sections, soaking zone (i.e. high temperature section), thus making overall heating-up temperature even, forging stock intensity is suitable for the solid blank formed of boring a hole.
Further, perforation employing two roller oblique milling bevel-type punch, cartridge type punch or cone mill
Preferably, after perforation, rolling is front to blank endoporus nitrogen blowing and sandblasting, to eliminate inner surface oxide skin and anti-oxidation.
Further, described rolling tube rolling operation adopts the accurate tube rolling of three-roll continuous rolling pipe, ACCU-ROLL or pilger mill.
In the present invention, stretch-reducing mill or sizing mill is adopted to be undertaken determining tube reducing by rational deformation distribution.
Further, determine to adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing in tube reducing operation, two frames adopt sizing reduction 1 ~ 3 (being preferably 1) % end to end, intermediate stand sizing reduction 5 ~ 7 (being preferably 6) %.
Concrete, described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe is of a size of Ф 89 × 5mm, and its technological process comprises: the round base that strips off the skin → heating forging stock → perforation → rolling tube rolling → heat → determine tube reducing again, wherein:
In perforation process, adopt two-high cone shape piercing machine to bore a hole, penetrating parameter is: feed angle 8.5 °, 14 °, roll off angle, roll spacing 179.55mm, lead 202mm, the top amount of stretching 150mm, godet speed 1.5m/s, mill speed 0.4 ~ 1.0 (being preferably 0.55m/s) m/s;
In heating forging stock operation, adopt rotary heating furnace mode of heating, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, forging stock material charging temperature (i.e. heat-recovery section) is lower than 800 DEG C; Preheating section temperature control 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, soaking zone temperature control to be 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C, ensures that 2Cr25N blank heating is even;
In rolling tube rolling operation, mill speed is greater than 3.5 meter per seconds;
Determine in tube reducing operation, adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing, two frames adopt sizing reduction about 3% end to end, and intermediate stand sizing reduction about 6%, obtains the fished pipe that specification is 89 × 5mm.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention adopts the moulding process of " the round base that strips off the skin → annular furnace heating → punch perforation → tandem mill tube rolling → open subtract machine open tube reducing ", replacement traditional processing technology.The technique of creative use has with short production cycle, and production procedure is short, and lumber recovery is higher, and product quality meets the features such as instructions for use.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention provides a kind of production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe, its technological process comprises: the round base that strips off the skin → heating forging stock → perforation → rolling tube rolling → heat → determine tube reducing again, wherein:
Use punching machine to carry out perforation to circle base and form hollow billet blank; In perforation process, overall diameter reduction ratio is 8 ~ 12%, top front reduction ratio≤4%, and ovality is 1.06 ~ 1.14; Wherein, minimum diameter/original blank diameter × 100% of blank in overall diameter reduction ratio=deformation process; Top front reduction ratio=blank just contacts blank diameter/original blank diameter × 100% during top; Ovality=lead/roll spacing; Described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel is 2Cr25N steel;
Hollow billet blank is rolled into hollow forging;
Hollow forging heats through reheating furnace again, and reheating furnace exports out temperature >=860 DEG C; Then carry out high-pressure water descaling, remove its outer surface iron scale;
Hollow forging is through determining the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe that tube reducing obtains required size specification.
The round base that strips off the skin refers to circular blank outer surface being carried out to the process such as machined or reconditioning.
Perforation principle utilizes pipe center metal to split and not disconnected rarefaction, and top is placed in puffs bores a hole, thus the best resultant effect of the mechanics of acquisition perforation procedure, kinematics and quality of hollow billet.The adjustment of piercing process parameter from the feature of austenitic stainless steel, will reach two objects: one is create good deformation condition, and ensure carrying out smoothly of perforation procedure, two is prevent surfaces externally and internally defect.
Top front reduction ratio: when namely blank just contacts top, blank diameter and original blank diameter ratio.By top front reduction ratio, people's custom represents that pipe forms the degree of danger of vestibule, and by this parameter as one of important evidence determining punch hole type design and the adjustment of position, top; Top front reduction ratio is too small, then the secondary that cannot realize boring a hole is nipped; Excessive, then easily form vestibule, cause infolding; The strength degree of steel is different with plasticity, and its critical compresibility is also different, and the factor simultaneously had an impact to it comprises macrostructure, mirco structure and heating quality etc.; But because blank is less, and high temperature hot deformation resistance is large, during pipe distortion, center rubbing is violent, and top front reduction ratio not easily arranges excessive.
Ovality: ovality is guidance disc distance and the ratio of roll distance, and ovality affects quality of hollow billet, bite condition, axial slip, punching rate, expanding amount, rolls card and hollow billet size Control etc.; Particularly more obvious on quality of hollow billet impact, ovality is larger, and metal transversely deforming is increased, and axial deformation reduces, and metal transversely deforming increase can cause the tension of pipe center to increase, and impels the formation of pipe center bore; The pipe blank rotary that too small ovality can cause roll to be formed and advance be short of power to offset its frictional force with top resistance time, then can cause stall, roll card; Visible, the setting of ovality should be taken into account the multiple situations such as the quality of blank, drag, unit capacity and production specification.Stainless steel spreads larger than carbon steel, and therefore ovality Selection radio carbon steel (being generally 1.08) is slightly large.
Roll rotational speed: the speed of rolls of control punch machine is very important to suppression hollow billet heat, and punching rate is faster, and the temperature of hollow billet, especially internal surface temperature are higher, causes the increase of defect in inner surface and the wearing and tearing of rolling tool; General speed just bored a hole by stainless steel tube should not be too fast.
Further, rotary heating furnace, roller hearth type heating furnace or eddy-current heating is adopted in described heating forging stock operation.
In heating forging stock operation, adopt rotary heating furnace heating, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, heat-recovery section temperature (i.e. forging stock material charging temperature) is lower than 800 DEG C, and preheating section temperature controls at 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature controls at 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C.General, at annular furnace charging aperture, place arranges heat-recovery section, and heat-recovery section utilizes and is arranged on the heat energy that preheating section thereafter, bringing-up section, the waste heat flue gas that produces of heat supply burner combustion of soaking zone and high temperature section bring and carries out preheating to the pipe through heat-recovery section.
Preferred, heating forging stock operation adopts rotary heating furnace heating, and rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Bringing-up section is divided into heating 1 section, heating 2 sections, wherein, forging stock material is in 5 ~ 7 hours heat times of heat-recovery section, preheating section, heating 1 section (i.e. low-temperature zone), 1.5 ~ 2 hours are less than in the heat time of heating 2 sections, soaking zone (i.e. high temperature section), thus making overall heating-up temperature even, forging stock intensity is suitable for the solid blank formed of boring a hole.In the present invention, because the pyroconductivity of stainless steel when low temperature is only 1/3 ~ 1/2 of ordinary carbon steel, be significantly less than the pyroconductivity of conventional carbon steel, if heat too fast, easily cause blank bulk temperature uneven, even ftracture time serious; When the high temperature of about 1000 DEG C, the two pyroconductivity is roughly the same, and during the high temperature of high Cr stainless steel more than 1100 DEG C, easily produces Cr segregation, affect high temperature plastic, therefore should not be long in the high temperature section time.
Concrete, described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe is of a size of Ф 89 × 5mm, and its technological process comprises: the round base that strips off the skin → heating forging stock → perforation → rolling tube rolling → heat → determine tube reducing again, wherein:
In perforation process, adopt two-high cone shape piercing machine to bore a hole, penetrating parameter is: feed angle 8.5 °, 14 °, roll off angle, roll spacing 179.55mm, lead 202mm, the top amount of stretching 150mm, the speed of falling dish 1.5m/s, mill speed 0.55m/s;
In heating forging stock operation, adopt rotary heating furnace mode of heating, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, forging stock material charging temperature (i.e. heat-recovery section) is lower than 800 DEG C; Preheating section temperature control 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, soaking zone temperature control to be 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C, ensures that 2Cr25N blank heating is even;
In rolling tube rolling operation, mill speed is greater than 3.5 meter per seconds;
Determine in tube reducing operation, adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing, two frames adopt sizing reduction about 3% end to end, and intermediate stand sizing reduction about 6%, obtains the fished pipe that specification is 89 × 5mm.
The invention provides a kind of production method of 2Cr25N stainless-steel seamless pipe, a kind of examination example be provided below, comprise the following steps:
A, annular furnace heats
In annular furnace, adopt low-temperature zone slowly to heat, the mode of temperature end Fast Heating, obtain bulk temperature even, the strength of materials is suitable for the solid blank formed of boring a hole;
B, punch is bored a hole
2Cr25N stainless steel forging stock steps A obtained, on two roller oblique milling bevel-type punches, bores a hole, then to its endoporus nitrogen blowing and sandblasting, to eliminate inner surface oxide skin and anti-oxidation, obtains hollow billet blank;
C, tandem mill tube rolling
The ferritic stainless steel hollow billet obtained by step B is rolled on tandem mill, then carries out high-pressure water descaling, removes its outer surface iron scale, obtains the waste blank close with finished product wall thickness;
D, subtracting machine opens tube reducing
The ferritic stainless steel hollow forging obtained by step C carries out a tube reducing subtracting on machine, controls final finished size by subtracting machine.
The inventive method is used for producing the 2Cr25N ferritic stainless seamless steel tube of Ф 60-356mm specification, is preferably the seamless steel pipe producing Ф 89 × 5mm.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described, does not therefore limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Adopt 4 Φ 200mm, 2Cr25N forging stocks, when heating-up temperature is 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C control, at Pangang Group Chengdu Steel & Vanadium Co., Ltd. 159 unit, produce 89 × 5mm specification seamless steel pipe by the following method; Concrete technology arranges as follows:
Heating requirements: adopt rotary heating furnace mode of heating in heating forging stock operation, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, forging stock material charging temperature (i.e. heat-recovery section) is lower than 800 DEG C; Preheating section temperature control 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, soaking zone temperature control to be 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C, ensures that all even each section of temperature of 2Cr25N blank heating press the control of 2Cr25N temperature requirement.
After steel pipe goes out annular furnace, bore a hole at two-high cone shape piercing machine, penetrating parameter is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
By following formula measuring and calculating overall diameter reduction ratio, top front reduction ratio and ovality under this technological parameter:
Minimum diameter/original blank diameter × 100% of blank in overall diameter reduction ratio=deformation process;
Top front reduction ratio=blank just contacts blank diameter/original blank diameter × 100% during top;
Ovality=lead/roll spacing; Calculating overall diameter reduction ratio is 10%, and top front reduction ratio is 1.7%, and ovality is 1.122, and gained hollow billet specification is 225 × 16.2mm, and length is 5.5 ~ 7m.
For effectively controlling steel pipe internal-surface quality, after perforation, need carry out spray nitrogen and sandblasting, carry out tandem mill rolling more afterwards to hollow billet endoporus, adopt 192mm pass, 182mm size mandril, for anti-bending, tandem mill mill speed should be greater than 3.5 meter per seconds.
Steel pipe, after rolling, through in heating furnace bypass, opens bypass burner simultaneously, guarantees reheating furnace outlet hollow forging temperature>=860 DEG C, and homogeneous tube homogeneous temperature; High-pressure water descaling presses 50kg/mm afterwards
2control, remove waste tube outer surface iron scale.
Adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing, two frames adopt sizing reduction about 3% end to end, and intermediate stand sizing reduction about 6%, obtains the fished pipe that specification is 89 × 5mm; Respectively about there is 1.5m wall thickness thickened end at the two ends end to end of steel pipe.
Steel pipe list Zhi Changdu is produced in this test can reach more than 30m, and main lumber recovery loss, for scaling loss with end to end because a tube reducing causes the crop amount thickening and bring, adopts the stainless steel tube lumber recovery of this explained hereafter to reach more than 90%.
Claims (10)
1. the production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe, is characterized in that, its technological process comprises: the round base that strips off the skin → heating forging stock → perforation → rolling tube rolling → heat → determine tube reducing again, wherein:
Use punching machine to carry out perforation to circle base and form hollow billet blank; In perforation process, overall diameter reduction ratio 8 ~ 12%, top front reduction ratio≤4%, ovality 1.06 ~ 1.14;
Hollow billet blank is rolled into hollow forging;
Hollow forging heats through reheating furnace again, and reheating furnace exports out temperature >=860 DEG C; Then carry out high-pressure water descaling, remove its outer surface iron scale;
Hollow forging is through determining the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe that tube reducing obtains required size specification.
2. the production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the external diameter of described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe is Ф 60 ~ 356mm.
3. the production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described heating forging stock operation adopts rotary heating furnace, roller hearth type heating furnace or eddy-current heating.
4. the production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, in heating forging stock operation, adopt rotary heating furnace heating, rotary heating furnace is followed successively by heat-recovery section, preheating section, bringing-up section, soaking zone from charging end to discharge end; Wherein, heat-recovery section temperature is lower than 800 DEG C, and preheating section temperature controls at 1000 ~ 1030 DEG C, bringing-up section temperature≤1250 DEG C, and soaking zone temperature controls at 1230 DEG C ~ 1260 DEG C.
5. the production method of high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, heating forging stock operation adopts rotary heating furnace heating, bringing-up section is divided into heating 1 section, heating 2 sections, wherein, forging stock material, in 5 ~ 7 hours heat times of heat-recovery section, preheating section, heating 1 section, is less than 1.5 ~ 2 hours in the heat time of heating 2 sections, soaking zone.
6. the production method of the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that, perforation employing two roller oblique milling bevel-type punch, cartridge type punch or cone mill.
7. the production method of the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to any one of claim 1 ~ 6, is characterized in that, after perforation, rolling is front to blank endoporus nitrogen blowing and sandblasting, to eliminate inner surface oxide skin and anti-oxidation.
8. the production method of the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that, described rolling tube rolling operation adopts the accurate tube rolling of three-roll continuous rolling pipe, ACCU-ROLL or pilger mill.
9. the production method of the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8, is characterized in that, adopts stretch-reducing mill or sizing mill to be undertaken determining tube reducing by rational deformation distribution; Preferably, determine to adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing in tube reducing operation, two frames adopt sizing reduction 1 ~ 3% end to end, intermediate stand sizing reduction 5 ~ 7%.
10. the production method of the high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe according to any one of claim 1 ~ 9, is characterized in that, described high chromium content ferrite stainless steel seamless steel pipe is of a size of Ф 89 × 5mm, in its technological process:
In perforation process, adopt two-high cone shape piercing machine to bore a hole, penetrating parameter is: feed angle 8.5 °, 14 °, roll off angle, roll spacing 179.55mm, lead 202mm, the top amount of stretching 150mm, godet speed 1.5m/s, mill speed 0.4 ~ 1.0m/s;
In rolling tube rolling operation, mill speed is greater than 3.5 meter per seconds;
Determine in tube reducing operation, adopt 12 frame sizing mills to carry out sizing, two frames adopt sizing reduction 3% end to end, intermediate stand sizing reduction 6%.
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| CN110788141A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-02-14 | 衡阳华菱钢管有限公司 | Seamless steel tube, manufacturing method and high-pressure gas cylinder thereof |
| CN110788141B (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2021-10-15 | 衡阳华菱钢管有限公司 | Seamless steel tube, manufacturing method and high-pressure gas cylinder thereof |
| CN112427458A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-02 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Method for manufacturing corrosion-resistant alloy oil casing |
| CN113441551A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-28 | 北京科技大学 | Thick-walled seamless steel pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN113441551B (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2022-07-01 | 北京科技大学 | Thick-walled seamless steel pipe and preparation method thereof |
| CN113976628A (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2022-01-28 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Production process and device of stainless steel seamless steel pipe |
| CN113976628B (en) * | 2021-11-08 | 2024-05-28 | 中冶东方工程技术有限公司 | Production process and device of stainless steel seamless steel tube |
| CN114733911A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-12 | 衡阳华菱钢管有限公司 | Pipe processing method |
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