CN104857080A - 一种治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂 - Google Patents
一种治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
公开了一种中药滴鼻剂,其技术特征为采用辛夷花、苍耳子为处方原料,麻油为辅料,将辛夷花、苍耳子以少量麻油于乳钵中研磨,充分研磨碎后加入剩余麻油至全量制得。该滴鼻剂用于治疗鼻窦炎及由鼻窦炎引起的感冒、鼻塞流鼻涕、头晕、四肢乏力、精神欠佳、记忆力衰退等症状。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中医药领域,涉及一种治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂。
背景技术
鼻窦是头骨和面骨中围绕鼻腔周围的一些含气的空腔,包括上颔窦,额窦,筛窦和蝶窦,鼻窦炎是指化脓性球菌感染鼻窦粘膜引起的化脓性炎症,有急性和慢性之分。急性鼻窦炎是鼻腔粘膜的急性化脓性炎症,可一个鼻窦单独发病,也可几个鼻窦同时发炎,如果急性鼻窦炎治疗不当,或反复发作,可致慢性鼻窦炎。
鼻窦炎绝大多数由伤风感冒引起,全身抵抗力低下,其它鼻腔疾病常有鼻涕阻塞,游泳,跳水方法不当,以及气压的迅速改变(如飞行,潜水等)均可导致本病的发生。由牙根感染扩散引起的上颌窦炎叫牙原性上颌窦炎,也是鼻窦炎的一种。
中医鼻窦炎的病理病因分析为:鼻乃清窍,为肺之门户,其呼吸之畅通,嗅觉之灵敏全赖清阳充养,鼻窦炎属中医“鼻渊”,“脑漏”范畴,鼻窦炎多由气虚不固,外邪侵袭,邪入化热,灼腐生脓,滞留空窍,弥散清空,清浊不分,窍隙闭塞,引致鼻塞流涕,头痛头胀,智力昏蒙,身疲肢倦,常易外感,外感后鼻窦炎又加重,如此互为因果,反复发作。
鼻在解剖上与颅腔、眼眶和口腔毗邻,鼻前庭、鼻腔和鼻窦的疾病可导致严重并发症,如脑膜炎、眼眶蜂窝织炎等;通过血行可致海绵窦感染,严重者可失明,甚至危及生命。
鼻窦炎除了手术治疗外,主要就是给药治疗,对于急性鼻窦炎,应用最多的就是抗生素或磺胺类药物,具有良好抗炎作用,并最终产生减充血效果。根据需要可较长时间应用。对于慢性鼻窦炎,可选用血管收缩剂滴鼻,常用1%麻黄素生理盐水、滴鼻净等。可在滴鼻液中加入地塞米松、倍他米松等。但滴鼻净易于产生药物性鼻炎。因此,主要问题就是化学药物久用易于产生抗药性,且抗生素药物会干涉人体内激素环境,易于引发多种疾病。
祖国医学源远流长,很早就对于鼻窦炎有了深刻的认识。本发明中药滴鼻剂,经过多年研究中医古籍,由常用中药材简单配方组成,又经多年临床实证,积累临床病例无数,证实该中药滴鼻剂对于鼻窦炎及由此引起的感冒、鼻塞流鼻涕、头晕、四肢乏力、精神欠佳、记忆力衰退等状况具有良好的治疗作用,且药材来源方便,价格便宜,一般人都能用得起。
技术内容
本发明的目的提供一种中药滴鼻剂,该滴鼻剂由传统中药组合物构成,用于治疗鼻窦炎及由鼻窦炎引起的感冒、鼻塞流鼻涕、头晕、四肢乏力、精神欠佳、记忆力衰退等症状。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂,由下述中药材料制成:苍耳子、辛夷花、麻油。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂,各活性成分的重量份配比为:辛夷花10份、苍耳子5份、麻油100份。
本发明药物组方参考了多种医学药典,同时辅以多年临床应用的优化,克服了禁忌组合的问题,具体选用草药的药理学基础为:
辛夷花,味辛,性温。归肺、胃经。祛风寒,通鼻窍。用于风寒头痛,鼻塞,鼻渊,鼻流浊涕。功用主治祛风,通窍。治头痛,鼻渊,鼻塞不通,齿痛。《本经》:主五脏身体寒热,风头脑痛,面酐。《别录》:温中解肌,利九窍,通鼻塞、涕出,治面肿引齿痛,眩冒、身几几如在车船之上者。生须发,去白虫。《滇南本草》:治脑漏鼻渊,祛风,新瓦焙为末。治面寒痛,胃气痛,热酒服。《纲目》:鼻渊、鼻鼽、鼻窒、鼻疮及痘后鼻疮,并用研末,入麝香少许,葱白蘸入数次。
现代医学研究证实,辛夷花主要成分含挥发油,其中主要为:柠檬醛、丁香油酚、茴香油等,并含生物碱、鞣酸等。其药理作用包括:(1)适合于治鼻塞,头痛。(2)局部收敛。以辛夷制剂外用滴鼻,可见鼻粘膜上产生蛋白凝固物,并使分泌物减少。(3)抗过敏。对由组织胺引起的实验动物的变态反应有明显的抑制作用。(4)降压。动物实验有降血压作用。此外,辛夷煎剂、流浸膏对实验动物的子宫有兴奋作用。临床应用为治疗鼻渊(鼻窦炎)的常用药。可治疗由鼻窦炎、慢性肥大性鼻炎引起的头痛、鼻塞、鼻流浊涕。对急性鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎也有一定疗效。(5)治鼻炎、鼻塞、鼻窦炎等鼻疾。中医用辛夷花治疗急性或慢性鼻炎、过敏性鼻炎、肥厚性鼻炎、鼻窦炎、副鼻窦炎等病,均有良效。在鼻病治疗中,辛夷花多与其它药物配伍。如治肥大性鼻炎,将辛夷花配制成软膏,做成油纱条,填入鼻腔;治副鼻窦炎,将辛夷花与儿茶、乳香、冰片等混合,研成细末,用甘油调成糊状并浸透棉球,塞入鼻腔;治急性鼻炎和过敏性鼻炎,将辛夷花、苍耳子、千里光、鱼腥草各等量浓煎,加薄荷精及防腐剂配制滴鼻剂,用其滴鼻。《本草纲目》指出,辛夷花善治鼻渊、鼻鼽、鼻疮及痘后鼻疮。
辛夷花可以治风寒感冒。该品辛散温通,能发散风寒,宣通鼻窍。用治外感风寒,肺窍郁闭,恶寒发热,头痛鼻塞者,可配伍防风、白芷、细辛等发散风寒药。若风热感冒而鼻塞头痛者,亦可于薄荷、菊花等疏散风热药中,酌加该品,以增强通鼻窍、散风邪之力。
苍耳子,味辛、苦,性温,有毒。归肺经。具有散风除湿、通窍止痛的功能。鼻渊头痛,风湿痹痛。且炒后质酥刺焦,易于去刺和煎出有效成分。
中医治鼻炎以及鼻塞不通、流涕不止等经常使用苍耳子,根据《新编国家中成药》:治疗鼻炎、鼻渊、鼻塞不通、鼻窦炎等使用的中成药38种,含有苍耳子者达到26种,占总数的72%,例如鼻通丸、鼻舒适片、鼻咽清毒颗粒、鼻炎灵片、鼻窦炎口服液、鼻炎片、鼻渊舒口服液等等,在各地中医医院、诊所里,治疗鼻炎的中药汤剂、丸散剂中选择使用苍耳子者也相当多,这些制剂治鼻炎等确有一定疗效,但是因为其中都含有苍耳子,又必须引起警惕,苍耳子是有肝毒性损害的主要中药之一,用法不当,可以引起多种中毒反应,甚至于致命。合理炮制、科学使用才能发挥该药的优势,最大限度克服其毒副反应。本发明药物排除了口服给药易于造成全身毒性的风险,通过鼻滴给药,达到局部靶向治疗的目的,最大限度降低了苍耳子的毒性,安全性较高。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂,跟踪多年大量临床及各种人群使用,具有较好的治疗疗效,目前尚未发现任何副作用。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂使用过程中的注意事项:因鼻腔在头部近大脑,对人类养生保健是不轻视的,是亚健康人群的主要原因,因此,本滴鼻使用前要进行鼻腔清洁,滴鼻剂制备使用周期不要超过一个月,避免污染导致感染发生。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂,选用常用中药材作为活性成分,原料来源方便,价格便宜,且药物剂量大,可使用周期长,医疗成本低。
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂,经不断创新,优化疗效,总结经验:患者患病1-2年的,使用15天左右即可治愈;2-3年患者一般2-3个月治愈;5年以上鼻窦炎患者,3-4个月可以治愈。已经过手术治疗,无法根治及复发快患者,通过本滴鼻剂可以治愈;
本发明治疗鼻窦炎的滴鼻剂,用药禁忌:安全性得到验证,无禁忌。
临床疗效
1、样本信息
样本信息均为数年来诊治的患有鼻窦炎患者病历,年龄从14~73岁均有,其中男性患者较多。
2、治疗方法
滴鼻使用,每次1-2滴,早晚各一次,病程较长者可多滴。
3、治疗效果
本发明的中药滴鼻剂,跟踪多年大量临床使用,及各种人群使用,具有较好的治疗疗效,临床治愈率100%,目前尚未发现任何副作用。
4、典型病例
(1)刘某某,男,18岁,一般体重。主诉头晕流大量青鼻涕鼻涕伴咳嗽3天,患者是感冒后开始流大量白色清鼻涕伴打喷嚏,两天后出出现头晕流大量青鼻涕伴咳嗽鼻塞。检查发现鼻腔充血,一边鼻腔黏膜红肿,鼻窦按压不痛,咽充血,体温36.8℃,肺部听诊正常诊断为鼻窦炎,并发感冒。望诊:身体瘦,脸色苍白,语音低微;慢性消耗性疾病体质。两鼻腔鼻黏膜糜烂色红浸润,鼻毛全脱光,舌淡白,舌苔厚灰白色。切诊:脉细弱。
治疗:用滴鼻剂滴鼻;每日2次。疗效:滴鼻5天后头晕、头昏、精神欠佳、鼻塞状况明显好转。鼻腔复诊观察已转白色无渗出液,再继续滴鼻用药10日后,鼻腔通透,无疼痛炎症,呼吸自如。
(2)张某某:女,48岁。2012年5月1日来诊。问诊:患者主诉;发现鼻窦炎已二十多年了,中药、西药不断服用,每遇天气变化就感冒,感冒时头胀痛如鼓,经常会恶心,鼻塞流鼻涕,全身酸痛不适,感冒时查体温都正常或体温35度左右,每次都缠绵难愈,多年来吃药不断,胃也痛,经多家医院诊断有慢性胃炎,食欲不振,大便3-5日一次,精神不振,经常失眠多梦,情绪低沉,记忆力差。
望诊:体弱,脸色无华,慢性病的痛苦面容,全身乏力,精神欠佳。两鼻腔鼻黏膜糜烂色淡白,糜烂处浸润,鼻毛全脱光。切诊:脉虚弱。
治疗:用滴鼻剂滴鼻;每日2次。疗效:用药15天后,鼻黏膜糜烂处干净无渗出液,全身症状明显好转。继续用药一个月后,再次复诊观察鼻黏膜已修复开始长细小的鼻毛。继续用药一年后复查以上症状全部消失,鼻毛也长粗长多,一切情况良好。
具体实施例
(1)处方:辛夷花10克,苍耳子5克,麻油100克。
(2)制法:取辛夷花、苍耳子以少量麻油于乳钵中研磨,充分研磨碎后加入剩余麻油至全量,即得。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂,其技术特征在于该滴鼻剂由以下成分组成:苍耳子、辛夷花、麻油。
2.如权利要求1所述治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂,各活性成分的重量份配比为:辛夷花10份、苍耳子5份、麻油100份。
3.如权利要求1、2所述治疗鼻窦炎的中药滴鼻剂,其制备方法为:取辛夷花、苍耳子以少量麻油于乳钵中研磨,充分研磨碎后加入剩余麻油至全量,即得。
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