CN104849276B - A kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics - Google Patents
A kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics, including：Count various mineral in granite face image（Quartz, feldspar, mica）Geological information；Using the mineral growth mode and growth probability assignments principle specified, the digital rock sample with two dimension or three-dimensional microscopical structure is constructed.For three-dimensional case, the growth pattern of mineral includes 3 kinds of modes of point, line, surface, each growth pattern has different growth orientation.Different growth orientation are assigned appropriate probability.In order to reflect influencing each other for of the same race or xenogenesis mineral group's growth course, there is provided two kinds of principles：Forbid occupying principle and allow to occupy principle.The former use is avoided that the merging of mineral group of the same race, and can guarantee the convergence of iteration.The present invention is all realized by computer programming and is compared with CT methods or machining method, have the advantages that high precision, efficient, low cost, applicability are wide other than obtaining the image of granite face.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to three-dimensional internal structural remodeling field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of based on pixels statistics
Granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method.
Background technology
Natural rock is spatially to be formed by media such as mineral, hole, fluid, cements according to certain aligned transfer
's.Granite is a kind of igneous rock, and mineral mainly include feldspar, quartz and mica.Although on a macroscopic scale can approximation see
Make uniform rock material, in meso-scale（0.1~10.0mm）On, it may have the heterogeneity of substance, even respectively to different
Property.Heterogeneity on rock meso-scale is to rock macromechanics behavior（Strain and stress distribution and crack extensions path etc.）
With important influence.
Within in the period of the past is considerably long, it is limited to technical conditions and research level, is often considered as rock material a kind of equal
Even material, thus bring rock basic mechanical parameter be difficult to it is quasi- the problem of, and emerged in large numbers a large amount of more and more complicated
Constitutive model.Comprising a large amount of parameter in some complicated constitutive models, the physical significance of some parameters and how to measure
It is all difficult to illustrate clear, therefore, is not easy to apply.The root of the above problem, which essentially consists in, ignores rock mesostructure.Since
Since late 1990s, the importance of rock mesostructure is gradually realized, and passes through consideration in some numerical models
The heterogeneity of unit intensive parameter has been carried out influence of the more rock mesostructure to its macroscopic view response and has been studied（Chen Sha,
Yue Zhongqi, Tan state shine geomaterial Three-Dimensional Numerical Analysis method rock mechanics and work of the based on true microscopical structure
Journey journal, 2006,25 (10): 1951-1959;Yu Qinglei, Yang Tianhong, the superfine rock mesostructures of Zheng deform it
Develop the numerical analysis rock-soil mechanics influenced, 2011,32 (11): 3468-3472）.But the thin sight in these models
Structure is that the microscopical structure of virtual and any rock material is not alike, does not consider the sky of multi mineral ingredient in rock
Between the regularity of distribution.The anisotropism that this virtual microscopical structure to what extent truly embodies rock is not known.Nothing
What, by material analyzed, all it also is difficult to using the practice of similar virtual microscopical structure convincing.Even it is believed that, establish
Analysis on virtual microscopical structure hardly results in the true mechanical property of material, it is necessary to true thin sight knot is considered in analysis
Structure can just obtain targeted and correctness result（Yue Zhongqi's ground mesoscopic medium spatial distribution numeral expression and correlation
Method, application and the progress Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering of mechanics numerical analysis, 2006,25 (5): 875-888）.
It is to introduce rock mechanics from Digital image technology to open that the real microscopical structure of rock material is introduced in numerical model
Begin.In the rock surface image of shooting, different mineralogical composition is schemed since the difference of color can be distinguished by establishing
Least unit as in（Pixel）Being associated between unit in numerical model, and further establish the gray scale and unit power of pixel
The association between parameter is learned, makes to consider that the thought of the real microscopical structure of rock is achieved in numerical model.However, due to
Captured image is all two-dimentional, so can only be directed to two-dimensional digital rock specimens carries out mechanical analysis, it is impossible to meet three-dimensional
The needs of research.
In order to obtain rock three-dimensional microscopical structure, frequently with there are two ways to（The such as Wang Yuanyin, Ma Shaopeng, Ma Qinwei
Small-sized slicing-type three-dimensional structure reconstruction system Chinese invention patents, publication No.:102175175 A of CN, date of publication:
2011.09.07）：1）CT scan method；2）Machining method.CT scan method is in a manner that X ray successively scans sample
Obtain the three-dimensional internal structure of entire sample.But CT scan method equipment cost, take up an area greatly, need professional's operation and maintenance,
Can not and color identical to X-ray absorption rate or the different component of structure detect, in addition, conventional CT device obtains image
Spatial resolution it is relatively low, it is difficult to carry out the fine detection of labyrinth.Machining method by successively grinding or cutting sample, by
The mode taken pictures of layer obtains the image on sample many levels, and and then is spliced into the three-dimensional internal structure of sample.This method
Advantage is mainly reflected in the precision and resolution ratio of three-dimensionalreconstruction, is also had in device miniaturization and cost effective aspect certain
Advantage.But the disadvantage of this method is mainly reflected in：1）Sample is damaged, after the three-dimensional microscopical structure for obtaining sample, sample
It disappears, the numerical result of mechanical behavior of the sample on testing machine and sample can not be compared, that is to say, that marked to investigating
The correctness of this numerical result is made troubles, and is unsuitable for not allowing to damage sample or is not allowed to make the situation of sample；2）If
Standby complicated for operation, the process for obtaining microscopical structure is time-consuming and laborious, the microvibration of mechanical system, minor change of illumination condition etc.
The precision of three-dimensionalreconstruction will be had an impact.For example, the primary mark ground or the thickness of cutting is 1mm, then 10cm to be removed
This thickness then needs processing 100 times, and processing every time may all cause the position of sample that small change occurs, in the table of sample
Face leaves the trace of processing, in some instances it may even be possible to some mineral grains be made to come off in advance.Importantly, it is clapped every time using capture apparatus
According to being required for, guarantee camera lens and the distance on sample surface are constant, in fact, this point is difficult to, because it is difficult to controlling will shoot
Equipment moves forward 1mm every time.In addition, can only be there are one pixel rather than multiple on 1mm thickness directions, this can influence Three-dimensional Gravity
The precision of structure such as reduces the thickness once ground, then is unfavorable for the efficiency of three-dimensionalreconstruction.
Invention content
Precision is low, efficiency is low, price is high in order to solve existing for existing granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method and
The problem of damaging sample, the present invention provides a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing methods based on pixels statistics, utilize
Digital image technology obtains the image of granite face, counts the regularity of distribution of multi mineral ingredient, realizes construction flower hilllock accordingly
Rock three-dimensional microscopical structure, increases substantially the precision and efficiency of microscopical structure reconstruct, and significantly reduces cost.
To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstruct sides based on pixels statistics
Method（Fig. 1）, which is characterized in that including：Using Digital image technology to different minerals in the image of the granite face of shooting into
Row is distinguished, and obtains the statistical law of various mineralogical compositions；According to above-mentioned statistical law, the mineral growth mode specified and life are utilized
Long probability assignments principle constructs the digital rock sample with two dimension or three-dimensional microscopical structure.
Further, wherein, it is described using Digital image technology to different minerals in the image of the granite face of shooting
It distinguishes, the statistical law for obtaining various mineralogical compositions is further：
First, the image of granite face is obtained using capture apparatus；Then, it is examined using the edge in Digital image technology
It surveys and partitioning algorithm distinguishes various mineralogical compositions；Finally, the geological information of various mineralogical compositions is counted, obtained
The area percent of various mineral, the maximum radius and equivalent of any mineral group（It is equivalent）Radius information.Wherein：
The various mineralogical compositions are mica, quartz and feldspar（Fig. 2）.
The mineral group is an isolated irregular collective body of the pixel composition for belonging to substance of the same race, forms aggregate
Pixel be connected with each other knot.There are two types of mode of connection：Line is connected to be connected with point.Line, which is connected, refers to two pixel share one line sections
（Fig. 3-b）, point is connected to refer to that two pixels share a point（Fig. 3-a）.
The sum of the quantity of the area percent of the mineral for each pixel in certain mineral in image with it is total in image
The ratio of volumetric pixel.
The center of the maximum radius of the mineral group pixel farthest for the distance mineral cluster centre in some mineral group is arrived
The distance at the center.Wherein, the coordinate of each pixel acquires during the mineral cluster centre is rolled into a ball by mineral, specifically includes：By any one
Pixel is considered as a square, obtains the coordinate and area of arbitrary square center point, utilizes planar graph geometric center formula
Obtain the Geometric center coordinates of the coordinate at the center of complicated geometirc physique being made of multiple squares, as mineral group.
The equivalent radius of any mineral group extracts square root again for the sum of each elemental area in mineral group and the ratio of π.
Further, wherein, it is described according to above-mentioned statistical law, utilize the mineral growth mode specified and growth probability point
Constructing the digital rock sample with two dimension or three-dimensional microscopical structure with principle is further：First, it needs and counts according to research
The size of reconstruct granite specimen is intended in calculation machine operational capability, setting, and the maximum pixel that can be accommodated in reconstruct sample is intended in estimation
Number；Later, reconstruct sample will be intended and is divided into several squares or cube cell element（Fig. 4）, a cell element and a pixel or body
Element（Voxel）It is corresponding；Later, will be a kind of as background in 3 kinds of mineral, be not required to reconstruct, select other two kinds of mineral into
Row reconstruct randomly chooses the seed that several cell elements reconstruct mineral as the 1st, 2 kind of need respectively in all cell elements（Fig. 5）；Later,
The statistical law followed and the termination condition of reconstruct are needed during given two kinds of mineral reconstruct, according to specified growth rhythm, makes two
Kind mineral are grown near seed, until reconstruct terminates；Finally, reconstruction result is audited, if one or two kinds of weighed
The current statistic result and the statistical law of setting of the mineral group of structure have larger difference, and current statistic result is suitably repaiied
Just.Wherein：The square cell element is suitable for two-dimentional microscopical structure and reconstructs situation, and cube cell element is suitable for three-dimensional situation.
The termination condition of the reconstruct includes two kinds：Single mineral group stops growing condition and sample integrative reconstruction terminates item
Part.The single mineral group condition of stopping growing includes：The maximum radius or equivalent radius of mineral group have been more than permitted range；
The termination condition of sample integrative reconstruction includes：Reach allow iteration maximum times, allow iteration maximum times not up to but
Iteration result has been stablized, the area percent of two kinds of mineral groups has exceeded the range allowed.
The growth rhythm includes growth pattern and growth probability assignments principle, includes two for two-dimensional case growth pattern
Kind：Point growth and line growth（Fig. 6）；3 kinds are included for three-dimensional situation growth pattern：Point growth, line growth knead dough growth（Figure
7）.Point growth refers to that the cell element as parent shares a point with the cell element grown；Line growth refers to the cell element as parent
With the cell element share one line section grown；The long cell element referred to as parent of looking unfamiliar shares a face with the cell element grown.
Growth probability assignments principle refers to that probability assignments how are carried out between various growth patterns, point growth, line growth, length of looking unfamiliar
Between probability assignments may be the same or different, in growth pattern of the same race, different growth orientation can be further divided into, they
The respectively probability of the growth pattern.A kind of simple and highly efficient way can be used, obtain potential growth side independent around parent
Bits number（Fig. 8）, growth probability is evenly distributed wherein.
It is to nibble background or the process of other mineral that described two mineral are grown near seed, it then follows two kinds of principles：Prohibit
It only occupies principle and allows to occupy principle.Forbid occupying principle to refer to that only there are one the cell elements as background around parent just to have
Chance becomes mineral（Fig. 9-a, Fig. 9-c）；Allow to occupy principle and refer to that any cell element around a parent has an opportunity to become
Mineral（Fig. 9-a, Fig. 9-b）.Forbid occupying principle if do not limited further, adjacent mineral of the same race can be caused to roll into a ball and be connected
It connects（Figure 10-a, Figure 10-b）, so as to which the size for rolling into a ball mineral mutates, it is unfavorable for the statistics of reconstruction result, it is also possible to due to
The size of mineral group is more than setting range and causes stopping growing for mineral group.Therefore, it is necessary to the back of the body around those parents
Scape cell element further limits, and the mineral of the same race around background cell element not other than parent can just become mineral（Figure 10-a, figure
10-c）.
It is described audit is carried out to reconstruction result to refer to believe the geometry of two kinds of mineral in the digital granite specimen after reconstruct
It ceases compared with the reconstruct range with setting.If reconstruction result and reconfiguration request coincide preferably, represent and reconstruct successfully, if kiss
It closes bad, then needs to be modified one or two kinds of reconstruction results.Being enabled during amendment allows to occupy principle or changes different lifes
The probability assignments of long mode.
A kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics of the present invention, can realize colored hilllock
The reconstruct of rock microscopical structure other than obtaining the image of granite face, all realizes that precision is high by computer programming,
Efficient, low cost, applicability is wide, is not limited in laboratory, in this embodiment it is not even necessary to make granite sample, only need to have to clap
Take the photograph the smooth granite face of image, particularly suitable for working condition granite component or granite history relic it is thin
See structural remodeling.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the distribution map of 3 kinds of mineral in granite face image（1 is mica；2 be quartz；3 be feldspar）.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of two kinds of connection modes of pixel, and Fig. 3-a are point succession figure；Fig. 3-b are line succession
Figure.4 be pixel；5 be the pixel of certain mineral；6 be the common point of mineral of the same race；7 be the common edge of mineral of the same race.
Fig. 4 is the sample for being divided into cell element and the schematic diagram of cell element number, and Fig. 4-a are three-dimensional sample；Fig. 4-b are marked for two dimension
This.
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the seed distribution of two kinds of reconstruct mineral（By taking two dimension as an example）.
Fig. 6 is each growth orientation schematic diagram of two-dimentional cell element, and Fig. 6-a are 4 growth orientation of a little growth；Fig. 6-b are
4 growth orientation of line growth, 8 be two-dimensional growth orientation；9 be two-dimentional parent.
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram in each growth orientation of three-dimensional cell element, and Fig. 7-a are 8 growth orientation of a little growth；Fig. 7-b
12 growth orientation of line growth；Fig. 7-c are 6 growth orientation for looking unfamiliar long, and 10 be three dimensional growth orientation；11 be three-dimensional female
Body.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram in potential growth orientation that a parent or mineral are rolled into a ball（By taking two dimension as an example）, 12 is potential for two dimension
Grow orientation.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of application effect for allowing to occupy principle and forbid occupying principle（By taking two dimension as an example）, Fig. 9-a are
The current form of mineral group；Fig. 9-b are to allow to occupy a possible effect after principle application；Fig. 9-c is forbid occupying principle
A possible effect after.
Figure 10 is the drawbacks of forbidding occupying principle and the schematic diagram of improvement effect（By taking two dimension as an example）, Figure 10-a are mineral group
Current form；Figure 10-b are the merging of mineral of the same race group；Figure 10-c are further to the background cell element in potential growth orientation
Effect after limitation.
Figure 11 is the microscopical structure of three-dimensional granite specimen obtained using the method for the present invention, and Figure 11-a are sample surface
Microscopical structure；Figure 11-b and Figure 11-c are the microscopical structure of the certain sections of sample.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with attached drawing.
A kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics of the present invention（Fig. 1）, including step
Suddenly：
Step 1, different minerals in the granite face image of acquisition are distinguished using Digital image technology, obtained each
The statistical law of kind mineralogical composition；
The step for implement it is specific as follows：First, the image of granite face is obtained using capture apparatus, in shooting image
Before, one layer of water or oil can be smeared in granite face, so that the mineral color of granite face is vivid, easily distinguishable, this has
Conducive to subsequent statistical work；Then, using the edge detection in Digital image technology and partitioning algorithm to various mineralogical compositions
Carry out science differentiation；Finally, the geological information of various mineralogical compositions is counted, obtains the area percent of various mineral,
The maximum radius and equivalent of any mineral group（It is equivalent）Radius.
The various mineral include mica, quartz and feldspar.Three kinds of colors of mineral differences, in general, mica is in black, stone
English gray, feldspar is white, and the gray value of three is from small to large（Fig. 2）.
The mineral group is an isolated irregular collective body of the pixel composition for belonging to mineral of the same race, and shape is each
It is different.In a mineral are rolled into a ball, each pixel should be connected to each other.On the image, connection mode includes two kinds（Fig. 3-a and Fig. 3-b）：
Line is connected to be connected with point, and line, which is connected, refers to two pixel share one line sections（Fig. 3-b）, point is connected to refer to that two pixels share one
A point（Fig. 3-a）.For a pixel, generally, line is connected, the connected each own 4 kinds of situations of point.It is connected for line, has
The specific situation in 4 kinds of upper and lower, left and right is connected with upper left, upper right, lower-left, the specific situation in 4 kinds of bottom right for point.An if picture
Element is located on the boundary of image, then no longer includes certain specific situations.The edge detection and partitioning algorithm can pass through Matlab
Software is realized.
The maximum radius of any mineral group describes the out to out of mineral group, apart from ore deposit in should being rolled into a ball by the mineral
The distance of the farthest pixel of object cluster centre to the mineral cluster centre determines, and mineral cluster centre is by planar graph geometric center formula
It acquires.Any pixel can be considered as to a square, in this way, can be considered by the aggregation in irregular shape that several pixels form
The planar graph being made of several squares.The area and its center point coordinate of arbitrary square are easy to determining, in this way, plan view
The geometric center of shape can determine that this center is the geometric center of mineral group.
The equivalent radius of any mineral group is opened flat again for the ratio of the sum of all pixels area in mineral group and π
Side.That is, mineral group in irregular shape to be visualized as to the circle of an area equivalent, the radius of the circle is equivalent half
Diameter.The ratio of equivalent radius and maximum radius describes the form of mineral group, if the ratio and 1 approaches, represents mineral group
Form than relatively round, if mineral group form in ellipse, the ratio will be less than 1.
The area percent of certain mineral is accounted for for the quantity of all pixels of this kind of mineral in an image in image
The percentage of the quantity of all pixels.The percentage is higher, then the ratio represented shared by this in granite kind mineral is bigger.In root
When granite three-dimensional microscopical structure being reconstructed according to the statistical result of two dimension, as can area percent is extended to volume basis
Several then largely effective, still, this relationship is not readily available, and is not come to a conclusion, be similarly in soil mechanics two-dimentional porosity and
Three-dimensional apertures porosity differs larger, neither one uniform expression.For this purpose, the present invention is by 3-dimensional digital granite specimen rock core
The mode of 3 mutually perpendicular direction slices is carried out, spot-check the area percent of every aspect.
Step 2, according to above-mentioned statistical law, have using the mineral growth mode and growth probability assignments principle construction specified
There is the digital rock sample of two dimension or three-dimensional microscopical structure；
The step for implement it is specific as follows：First, it is needed according to research and reconstruct flower hilllock is intended in Computing ability, setting
The size of rock sample, according to the conversion relation between pixel and length measuring unit, the interior maximum picture that can be accommodated of estimation sample
Plain number；Later, reconstruct sample will be intended and is divided into several equal sized squares（Two-Dimensional Reconstruction）Or cube（Three-dimensional Gravity
Structure）Cell element is simultaneously numbered（Fig. 4-a and Fig. 4-b）, a cell element and a pixel or voxel（Voxel）It is corresponding；Later, by 3
A kind of conduct background cell element in mineral is planted, is not required to reconstruct, for example, the most feldspar of content may be selected as background cell element, and
Only mica and quartzy two kinds of mineral are reconstructed, 1 between cell element total amount, several unduplicated random numbers of random selection are made
Original position for mica and quartz mineral（Seed）（Fig. 5）；Later, according to actual count as a result, setting the reconstruct of each mineral
When the statistical law that need to the follow and condition that terminates of reconstruct, specify the growth pattern of two kinds of mineral and growth probability assignments principle,
Them is made to be grown near seed, until reconstruct terminates；Finally, reconstruction result is audited, if for Contemporary Digital rock
The statistical result of stone sample and the statistical law of setting have larger difference, current statistic result suitably need to be corrected, directly
Until satisfaction.
The simple step that conversion relation between the pixel and length measuring unit determines is：To granite face into
Before row is taken pictures, placed in granite face or fix a steel ruler, on the image of acquisition, determine to include within 1 centimetre
How many a pixels can determine in this way, 1 pixel is equivalent to how many centimetres.
The Computing ability depends on the performance of hardware and software.On the microcomputer of common configuration, reconstruct has
The granite specimen of a cell elements up to a million can be realized.But such sample is generally difficult on the computer of common configuration
It is deformed, destructive process simulation.In view of generally can only be to being no more than the calculating moulds of Unit 400,000 on the microcomputer of common configuration
Type carries out mechanical process simulation, so, the size of tissue specimen for intending reconstruct should not be too large, if it is desired to reconstruct one and include about 400,000
The cube granite specimen of a unit, then in 3 mutually orthogonal directions, the number of unit about 74 or so, according to
Document（Wang Xuebin, Du Yazhi, one mountain 2012. of Pan based on DIC it is thick-the Uniaxial Compression sand sample of fine searching method answers variation
The experimental study of cloth and strain gradient [J] geotechnical engineering journals, 34 (11): 2050-2057）, 1 pixel corresponds approximately to
0.11mm, in this way, then the length of side of cube granite specimen is about 8.14mm.Such sample seemed in practical applications
It is small, so, it can select to reconstruct granite microscopical structure on the microcomputer of common configuration, and 3 are carried out in high configuration server
The mechanical process simulation of a comparable sample in direction.
It is described 1 between cell element total amount, randomly choosing several unduplicated random numbers can be realized by Matlab softwares, such as
Fruit allows the random number of selection to repeat, then is covered the seed for causing front by seed below.
The position of the seed is the original position of mineral growth, is transformed into mica or quartz when there is new background cell element
When, seed and newly-generated mineral will be by as parents, and new mineral are nearby generated by parent.With the increasing of mineral size
Add, the chance of mineral will be gone out by seed growth to be reduced.
The termination condition of the reconstruct includes two kinds：Single mineral roll into a ball dormant condition and sample integrative reconstruction terminates
Condition.Single mineral growth to a certain extent after, once meeting its condition that stops growing, will no longer grow.All mineral groups
After growth to a certain extent, it once meeting respective stop condition, will necessarily be reached sample integrative reconstruction condition.Even if having
Mineral do not grow into maturity, the condition that sample integrative reconstruction terminates may also be reached.
The condition that the sample integrative reconstruction terminates specifically includes：1）Reach the maximum iteration of permission, it is primary to calculate
Cycle is exactly an iteration；2）The result of iteration has reached stabilization, although the maximum iteration of permission has not yet been reached, for example, preceding
The result of successive ignition no longer makes background cell element be transformed into mica or quartz afterwards；3）The area percentage of the mineral of mica and quartz
Number has exceeded permitted range in multiple and different levels.As long as above-mentioned 3 conditions meet any one, sample integrative reconstruction
Just terminate.
The unit mineral are rolled into a ball dormant condition and are specifically included：1）The maximum radius of mineral group has been more than to be allowed
Range；2）The equivalent radius of mineral group has been more than permitted range.In order to improve the efficiency of reconstruct and avoid mineral group
The influence to reconstruction result that the difference of succession is brought in single mineral roll into a ball growth course, is not provided with sub- iteration.Once
Overall iteration corresponds to a secondary growth of all mineral group, and in primary overall iterative process, some mineral groups will obtain primary
Substantive growth（Mineral group's size increases）, and the size of some mineral group may not change（By other mineral group
It limits and can not grow）.
The growth pattern and growth probability assignments principle of the mineral directly determine that the form of each mineral group and reconstruct are imitated
Rate.For two-dimensional case, mineral group growth pattern includes two kinds：Point growth and line growth；For three-dimensional case, the growth of mineral
Mode includes 3 kinds：Point growth, line growth knead dough growth.Point growth refers to that the cell element as growth is shared with the mineral grown
One point.For two-dimensional case, a cell element as parent most multipotency is in 4 orientation（Upper left, lower-left, upper right, bottom right）On
Grow new mineral（Fig. 6-a）；For three-dimensional case, a cell element as parent most multipotency is in 8 orientation（A preceding upper left side,
Preceding upper right, rear left, rear upper right, preceding bottom left, preceding bottom right, rear bottom left, rear bottom right）On grow new mineral（Fig. 7-a）.Line is given birth to
The long cell element referred to as parent and the mineral share one line section that grows.For two-dimensional case, the born of the same parents as parent
First most multipotency is in 4 orientation（Upper and lower, left and right）On grow new mineral（Fig. 6-b）；For three-dimensional case, one as female
The cell element of body most multipotency grows new mineral in 12 orientation（Fig. 7-b）, this is because 1 space cell element has 12 ribs
Side.Length of looking unfamiliar is the exclusive growth pattern of three-dimensional case, and a cell element as parent most multipotency is grown in 6 orientation
New mineral（Fig. 7-c）, this is because 1 space cell element has 6 faces.
The growth orientation for two-dimensional case, at most amounts to 8；For three-dimensional case, at most amount to 26.If
One cell element as parent is located on the surface of granite specimen, then some growth orientation can be located at except sample, so, have
There is no so much in the growth orientation of effect.In addition, some growth orientation can be accounted for by other parents that parent occupies or is closed on
Have, so, the effective orientation that grows can also reduce, especially when parent develops to a certain extent or parent is surrounded by other parents
When.
The growth probability assignments principle includes being uniformly distributed and uneven distribution principle.A kind of simple and highly efficient practice
It is（Fig. 8）：The potential growth orientation of all cell elements as parent can be pooled together, reject the orientation of coincidence, only obtain
Independent potential growth orientation number, and each potential growth orientation is numbered, then 1 to potential growth orientation number it
Between, random number is extracted by principle is uniformly distributed, in an iteration, only allows mineral in the numbered positions corresponding to random number
Growth.In order to construct granite microscopical structure in different poses and with different expressions, different growths can be distributed in different growth patterns
Probability.For example, for two-dimensional case, a probability for growth is appointed as 1/4, and the probability that line is grown is appointed as 3/4, it is assumed that
Point, line growth respectively have 4 growth orientation, in this way, the growth probability of any one in 4 orientation of point growth is 1/16, line growth
4 orientation the growth probability of any one for 3/16, so, parent is more likely to grow by line growth pattern, this will be notable
Ground changes the form of mineral group.It is also possible to growth probability is improved in a certain or certain growth orientation, in this way, mineral group
Growth will have predominant direction.
Mineral growth course near seed is not an isolated process, will be inevitably by other ore deposits
The influence of object group, either mineral of the same race group or xenogenesis mineral group.The growth course of certain mineral is substantially to invade
Account for, nibble or replace background cell element（Or matrix）Or the process of other mineral.Between the initial stage of mineral growth, usual mineral group
Influence each other it is smaller.But after mineral group develops to certain size, of the same race or xenogenesis mineral group will be close or connects
It touches, this is occupied using some potential growth orientation of the cell element caused as parent.At this point, the growth pattern of mineral need to be made into one
Step limitation, there are two types of corresponding principle is alternative.One kind occupies principle to forbid, and another kind is allows to occupy principle.Prohibit
It only occupies principle and refers to that the background cell element around a parent can just have an opportunity to become mineral, that is to say, that a background cell element
There can only be 1 chance to become mineral.Allow to occupy principle and refer to that any cell element around a parent has an opportunity to become mineral,
That is, having become the mineral attribute of the cell element of mineral can change again.
It is described allow the use for occupying principle can make xenogenesis mineral roll into a ball interface occur constantly to adjust in an iterative process（Figure
9-a and Fig. 9-b）, in this way, iterative process is difficult convergence, xenogenesis mineral group can be caused to invade, result even in certain mineral
If group is divided into stem portion or a part disappears, it is also possible to lead to the merging of mineral group of the same race.The appearance of above-mentioned phenomenon is unfavorable
In the statistics of reconstruction result, the preservation for the reconstruction result being unfavorable for also is unfavorable for the convergence of iterative process.In contrast, prohibit
The using effect for only occupying principle generally can be preferable（Fig. 9-a and Fig. 9-c）.
It is described to forbid occupying principle if do not limited further, adjacent mineral group of the same race can be caused to be connected（Figure
10-a and Figure 10-b）, so as to which the size for rolling into a ball mineral mutates, it is unfavorable for the statistics of reconstruction result, it is also possible to due to mineral
The size of group is more than setting range and causes stopping growing for mineral group.Therefore, it is necessary to the background born of the same parents around those parents
First further to limit, the mineral of the same race around background cell element not other than parent can just become mineral（Figure 10-a and Figure 10-
c）.
The area percent realization audited to reconstruction result by spot-check two kinds of reconstruct mineral in different level,
It is necessary.It influences each other this is because existing during mineral growth, this mineral for making to have is difficult to grow, and some mineral
It grew Sheng or iterations has run out but convergence has not yet been reached.It is therefore desirable to the geometry by the mineral after two kinds of reconstruct
Information, if reconstruction result and reconfiguration request coincide preferably, is represented and is reconstructed successfully compared with preset reconstruct range,
It does not need to be modified reconstruction result.If it is bad to coincide, need to be modified one or two kinds of reconstruction results, it is usually right
The change that a kind of amendment of reconstruction result will lead to another reconstruction result naturally.Phase is all reconfigured with sample microscopical structure
Than being modified to reconstruction result undoubtedly more efficient and simple and easy to do, the specific practice includes：1）Change different growth sides
Probability assignments scheme between formula；2）Certain mineral seeds are arranged in certain positions at random again in sample, such as in background cell element
Place；3）Enabling allows to occupy principle；4）Certain mineral groups of certain mineral are rejected at random, are converted into background cell element or another
Kind mineral group（In the case where mineral group of the same race is not caused to merge）.
The microscopical structure of the three-dimensional granite specimen obtained using the method for the present invention is shown in Figure 11-a, Figure 11-b, Figure 11-c.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics, which is characterized in that including：
Area is carried out to three kinds of mica, quartz and feldspar mineral in the image of the granite face of shooting using Digital image technology
Point, the statistical law of three kinds of mineral is obtained, according to above-mentioned statistical law, the size of setting reconstruct granite, will using computer
It is a kind of as background in three kinds of mineral, other two kinds of mineral is selected to be reconstructed, given two kinds of mineral need to follow when reconstructing
Statistical law and reconstruct beam condition, according to specified growth rhythm, make two kinds of mineral growths, until reconstruct terminate, with this come
Construct the digital rock sample with two dimension or three-dimensional microscopical structure；
The statistical law includes：The area percent of three kinds of mineral, the maximum radius and equivalent redius information of any mineral group；
The mineral group is an isolated irregular collective body of the pixel composition for belonging to mineral of the same race, forms the picture of aggregate
Element is connected with each other knot, and mode of connection includes two kinds：Line is connected to be connected with point, and line, which is connected, refers to that two pixels are total in a mineral group
With a line segment, point, which is connected, refers to that two pixels share a point in a mineral group；
The sum of the quantity of the area percent of the mineral for each pixel in certain mineral in an image and picture overall in image
The ratio of element；
The center of the maximum radius of the mineral group pixel farthest for the distance mineral cluster centre in some mineral group is in this
The distance of the heart；Wherein, the coordinate of each pixel acquires during the mineral cluster centre is rolled into a ball by mineral, specifically includes：
Any one pixel is considered as a square, the coordinate and area of arbitrary square center point is obtained, utilizes planar graph
The geometry of the coordinate at the center of complicated geometirc physique that the acquisition of geometric center formula is made of multiple squares, as mineral group
Centre coordinate；
The equivalent redius of any mineral group extracts square root again for the sum of each elemental area in mineral group and the ratio of π；
The reconstruct termination condition includes two kinds：Single mineral group stops growing condition and sample integrative reconstruction termination condition, single
A mineral group condition of stopping growing includes：The maximum radius or equivalent redius of mineral group are more than permitted range；Sample is whole
Weight structure termination condition includes：Reach the maximum times for allowing iteration, the maximum times of permission iteration are not up to but iteration result
Stablize, the area percent of two kinds of mineral groups exceeds the range allowed；
The growth rhythm includes growth pattern and growth probability assignments principle, includes two kinds for two-dimensional case growth pattern：
Point growth and line growth；Three kinds are included for three-dimensional situation growth pattern：Point growth, line growth knead dough growth；
The point growth refers to that the cell element as parent shares a point with the cell element grown；
Line growth refers to the cell element and the cell element share one line section that grows as parent；
The long cell element referred to as parent of looking unfamiliar shares a face with the cell element grown；
The growth probability assignments principle refers to carry out probability assignments between various growth patterns, in growth pattern of the same race,
Different growth orientation can be further divided into, they divide equally the probability of the growth pattern.
2. a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics according to claim 1, feature
It is,
Different minerals in the image of the granite face of shooting are distinguished using Digital image technology, obtain three kinds of mineral into
Point statistical law be further：
First, the image of granite face is obtained using capture apparatus；Then, using the edge detection in Digital image technology and
Partitioning algorithm distinguishes three kinds of mineralogical compositions；Finally, the geological information of three kinds of mineralogical compositions is counted, obtains three kinds
The area percent of mineral, the maximum radius and equivalent redius information of any mineral group.
3. a kind of granite three-dimensional microscopical structure reconstructing method based on pixels statistics according to claim 1, feature
It is,
According to above-mentioned statistical law, using the mineral growth mode and growth probability assignments principle construction specified with two dimension or three
Dimension microscopical structure digital rock sample be further：
First, the size of reconstruct granite specimen is intended in setting, and the maximum pixel number that can be accommodated in reconstruct sample is intended in estimation；So
Afterwards, will intend reconstruct sample is divided into several squares or cube cell element, a cell element and a pixel or voxel corresponding；So
Afterwards, will be a kind of as background in three kinds of mineral, other two kinds of mineral is selected to be reconstructed, the random choosing respectively in all cell elements
Select seed of several cell elements as two kinds of need reconstruct mineral；Then, the statistical law followed is needed when giving two kinds of mineral reconstruct
With the termination condition of reconstruct, according to specified growth rhythm, two kinds of mineral is made to be grown near seed, until reconstruct terminates；Most
Afterwards, reconstruction result is audited, if one or two kinds of current statistic results of mineral group reconstructed and the statistics of setting
Rule has larger difference, and current statistic result is suitably corrected；
The square cell element is suitable for two-dimentional microscopical structure and reconstructs situation, and cube cell element is suitable for three-dimensional microscopical structure and reconstructs feelings
Shape；
It is to nibble background or the process of other mineral that described two mineral are grown near seed, it then follows two kinds of principles：Forbid invading
It accounts for principle and allows to occupy principle；
It is described forbid occupying principle refer to that the cell element as background around a parent just has an opportunity to become mineral；
It is described allow to occupy principle refer to that any cell element around a parent has an opportunity to become mineral；
It is described to forbid occupying principle if do not limited further, adjacent mineral group of the same race can be caused to be connected, so as to make
The size of mineral group mutates, and is unfavorable for the statistics of reconstruction result, it is also possible to since the size of mineral group is more than setting range
And stopping growing for mineral group is caused, therefore, it is necessary to further limit the background cell element around those parents, background cell element
Of the same race mineral of the surrounding not other than parent can just become mineral；
It is described to reconstruction result carry out audit refer to by the geological information of two kinds of mineral in the digital granite specimen after reconstruct with
The reconstruct range of setting compares, if reconstruction result and reconfiguration request coincide preferably, represents and reconstructs successfully, if coincide not
It is good, then it needs to be modified one or two kinds of reconstruction results, when amendment, which enables, to be allowed to occupy principle or change different growth sides
The probability assignments of formula.
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