CN104849191A - Mobile PM2.5 (Particulate Matter2.5) detection system - Google Patents
Mobile PM2.5 (Particulate Matter2.5) detection system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mobile PM2.5 (Particulate Matter 2.5) detection system, which comprises an air collection unit, a positioning unit, a PM2.5 detection unit, a video unit, a meteorological phenomenon unit and an information processing unit. By adopting the system disclosed by the invention, on one hand, monitoring the air pollution concentration of each region of the native area is more manoeuvrable and flexible, an air pollution concentration distribution diagram of the native area is automatically drawn, and heavy pollution areas and pollution sources in the native area are conveniently determined; on the other hand, required relevant equipment can be conveniently and quickly added as needed, and main components of PM2.5 of each region of the native area are analyzed; meanwhile, by comprehensively considering the meteorological factor, the greening factor, the factor of layout planning of buildings and the like of each region of the native area, the reason of air pollution of the native area is analyzed, and a scientific and reasonable basis is provided for constituting PM2.5 treating measures of the native area.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of environmental detection, particularly relate to the detection system of a kind of portable PM2.5.
Background technology
Since 2013, Middle Eastern, the whole nation is absorbed in serious haze and pollutes in sky, and blue for dense fog early warning is upgraded to yellow early warning, from northeast to northwest by the Central Meteorological Observatory, from North China to middle part, cause the Yellow River and Huai He River, the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, all occur large-scale severe and severe contamination.Haze is the interactional result of specific weather condition and mankind's activity, and its main composition composition is PM2.5; So-called PM2.5 refers to the solid suspension that floating diameter is in atmosphere less than 2.5 microns.Because it can be taken directly lung and to have had a strong impact on people healthy and then cause the extensive concern of people.In addition, what haze weather was serious have impact on out line visibility, and then affects traffic safety, is unfavorable for socioeconomic development.
The source of PM2.5 is diversification, enters in air primarily of approach such as commercial production, weathering, building airborne dust, automotive emission, restaurant oil smoke discharges.Numerous for PM2.5 factor to affect, such as meteorological factor, urban architecture planning, urban greenery plants etc.And the method for air pollution monitoring uses expensive fixed equipment monitoring or single-minded monitoring equipment at present, it is a kind of coarse grain system in measuring contamination, a small amount of polluted information can only be obtained, with the raw data that coarse grain system mode obtains, infer air-polluting concentration and scope by diffusion model.This system of any wide-area deployment limits by the cost of its costliness again, is unsuitable for promoting.Meanwhile, fixed apparatus cannot change monitoring neatly according to monitoring requirements.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the detection system of portable PM2.5, can monitor the PM2.5 of this area zones of different flexibly, seriously polluted area, location, analyzes this area PM2.5 factor to affect, helps the effective air pollution treatment measure of formulating Comprehensive.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A detection system of portable PM2.5, this system comprises: air acquisition unit, positioning unit, PM2.5 detecting unit, video unit, meteorological unit and information process unit;
Wherein, described air acquisition unit, for gathering the sample gas of monitored area, and transfers to PM2.5 detecting unit;
Described positioning unit, for the positional information in position monitor region, and is transferred to information process unit;
Described video unit, for gathering when the PM2.5 detected is higher than threshold value, the external environment condition data of collection vehicle are also transferred to information process unit;
Described meteorological unit, for gathering the humiture of monitored area, vehicle speed data, air pressure and air speed data, and is transferred to information process unit;
Described PM2.5 detecting unit, for analyzing the air of monitored area, and is transferred to information process unit by analysis result;
Information process unit, the data for sending according to positioning unit determine the accurate location of monitored area, and determine the PM2.5 concentration of this monitored area according to the data that meteorological unit and PM2.5 detecting unit send; Also for positioning unit, video unit, the data of meteorological unit transmission and the PM2.5 concentration data of monitored area are sent to computing machine;
Computing machine, for the data analysis received, determines air pollution source and draws pollution concentration distribution plan.
Described air acquisition unit comprises: suction nozzle, asepwirator pump, air strainer, sound suppressor, hot diluter;
Wherein, suction nozzle is positioned at the afterbody vehicle window both sides of vehicle, suction nozzle is connected to the air intake opening of the asepwirator pump in car, the gas outlet of asepwirator pump is connected to the air intake opening end of hot diluter, the air intake opening of filtrator is received in the gas outlet of hot diluter, air strainer gas outlet connects one end of sound suppressor, and the other end of sound suppressor is connected on PM2.5 detecting unit.
Described hot diluter comprises: heating arrangement and gas air mix facilities;
When the humiture of monitored area exceedes threshold value, heating arrangement is started working and to be heated the sample gas passed through, then mixes with standard dilution gas uniform via gas dilution device.
Described PM2.5 detecting unit comprises: generating laser, chopper, sampling cavity, phase locking unit and laser pickoff;
The laser signal that described generating laser produces, imports laser pickoff into through chopper and sampling cavity successively;
Wherein, laser signal, after chopper modulating frequency, imports the laser signal after a part of frequency modulation into phase locking unit via chopper, and another part imports sampling cavity into; Phase locking unit sends the laser signal received to information process unit;
Described sampling cavity two ends be provided with particular range of wavelengths inner laser through lens, sampling cavity center position is equipped with microphone, microphone sends the voice signal that the sample gas received in sampling cavity produces due to thermal motion to information process unit, laser signal after sampling cavity is received by laser pickoff, and sends information process unit to.
Described chopper comprises: motor, rotating shaft, flabellum dish and photosensitive tube;
Motor drives flabellum to rotate with certain constant speed by rotating shaft, and when laser signal A imports chopper into, it is the laser signal B having certain dutycycle that laser signal A transforms tool, and imports sampling cavity into;
Flabellum dish is the circular configuration of absolute symmetry, and while when it rotates, laser signal is kept off, light signal own on photosensitive tube is also blocked, and produces the signal C with certain frequency, and imports phase locking unit into;
Wherein, laser signal C and laser signal B are synchronous and have identical dutycycle.
Described meteorological unit comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, vehicle speed sensor, baroceptor and air velocity transducer, is respectively used to Real-time Collection humiture, the speed of a motor vehicle, air pressure and wind speed.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, on the one hand, make the air pollution concentration maneuverability more of monitoring each region, this area, automatically draw this area air pollution concentration distribution plan, be convenient to the seriously polluted area determined in one's respective area, and pollution source; On the other hand, can conveniently add required relevant device as required, the principal ingredient analyzed in each region PM2.5 in this area is formed; Meanwhile, considering the factors such as the meteorologic factor in each region, this area, greening factor, building layout planning, analyze air-polluting reason in one's respective area, providing scientific and reasonable foundation for formulating one's respective area PM2.5 control measures.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
The structural representation of the detection system of a kind of portable PM2.5 that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the air acquisition unit that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the PM2.5 detecting unit that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the chopper that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The schematic diagram of the sampling cavity that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
The detection system of the portable PM2.5 that the embodiment of the present invention provides is a kind of fine granularity system, the monitor air pollution that this fine-grained detection system can be more frequent and intensive.Meanwhile, this system can draw out this area air pollution concentration distribution plan accurately, determines the principal ingredient of heavily contaminated region and this Polluted area, and analyze pollution source, the auxiliary later stage formulates effective control measures.Be described further for this system below.
The structural representation of the detection system of a kind of portable PM2.5 that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, this system mainly comprises: air acquisition unit, positioning unit, PM2.5 detecting unit, video unit, meteorological unit and information process unit.
1, air acquisition unit, for gathering the sample gas of monitored area, and transfers to PM2.5 detecting unit;
As shown in Figure 2, described air acquisition unit mainly comprises: suction nozzle, asepwirator pump, air strainer, sound suppressor, hot diluter.
Wherein, suction nozzle is positioned at the afterbody vehicle window both sides of vehicle, suction nozzle is connected to the air intake opening of the asepwirator pump in car, the gas outlet of asepwirator pump is connected to the air intake opening end of hot diluter, the air intake opening of filtrator is received in the gas outlet of hot diluter, air strainer gas outlet connects one end of sound suppressor, and the other end of sound suppressor is connected on PM2.5 detecting unit.
Described hot diluter comprises: heating arrangement and gas air mix facilities;
When the humiture of the data judging monitored area that information process unit collects according to meteorological unit exceedes threshold value, heating arrangement is started working and to be heated the sample gas passed through, to eliminate the metrical error caused due to escaping gas condensation; Mix with standard dilution gas uniform via gas dilution device again.
The gas that hot diluter exports imports air strainer into, is filtered out the bulky grain thing of particle diameter more than 10 microns in sample gas by air strainer, then eliminates the noise had an impact to PM2.5 detecting unit owing to producing when air pump works by exhaust box.
The switch of this air acquisition unit can be controlled by computing machine, when by computing machine by asepwirator pump switch opens time, this unit starts to gather gas, and presses foregoing description process, in the sampling cavity that the gas collected the most at last is made a gift to someone in PM2.5 detecting unit.
2, PM2.5 detecting unit, for analyzing the air of monitored area, and is transferred to information process unit by analysis result.
As shown in Figure 3, described PM2.5 detecting unit mainly comprises: generating laser, chopper, sampling cavity, phase locking unit and laser pickoff;
Laser in the some strength particular range of wavelengths that described generating laser (its on off state can be controlled by computing machine) produces, namely wavelength coverage is at λ
1~ λ
2laser, successively through chopper with sampling cavity import laser pickoff into;
Wherein, laser signal, after chopper modulating frequency, imports the laser signal after a part of frequency modulation into phase locking unit via chopper, and another part imports sampling cavity into.
Further, as shown in Figure 4, described chopper comprises: motor, rotating shaft, flabellum dish and photosensitive tube;
Motor drives flabellum to rotate with certain constant speed by rotating shaft, and when laser signal A imports chopper into, it is the laser signal B having certain dutycycle that laser signal A transforms tool, and imports sampling cavity into; Flabellum dish is the circular configuration of absolute symmetry, and while when it rotates, laser signal is kept off, light signal own on photosensitive tube is also blocked, and produces the signal C with certain frequency, and imports phase locking unit into; Wherein, laser signal C and laser signal B are synchronous and have identical dutycycle.
Phase locking unit sends the laser signal C received to information process unit.
As shown in Figure 5, described sampling cavity two ends be provided with particular range of wavelengths inner laser through lens (lens can only make to comprise wavelength at λ herein
1~ λ
2laser light in scope), sampling cavity center position is equipped with microphone, microphone sends the voice signal that the sample gas received in sampling cavity produces due to thermal motion to information process unit, laser signal after sampling cavity is received by laser pickoff, and sends information process unit to.
After above-mentioned laser signal B (its intensity is designated as I (r, t)) injects the resonant cavity in sampling cavity, in resonant cavity by the luminous energy of some absorb by gas, thus make gas molecule in resonant cavity by ground state E
0transit to excited state E
1.And be in excited state E
1molecule return ground state E with radiationless transition
0time, will E be made
1-E
0=h υ becomes translational energy, thus in resonant cavity, form thermal power densities source H (r, t), due to thermal power densities source H (r, t) cyclical variation will make gaseous tension generating period change in resonant cavity, namely produce acoustic pressure p, thus produce voice signal.Thus microphone produces output voltage S:
S＝αμI(r,t)W
pc (1)
In formula, α is the quality constant of sampling cavity; μ is absorption coefficient; C is tested gas concentration; W
pfor the width of laser pulse;
Wherein, the sample quality constant of cavity, absorption coefficient is obtained by master sample Demarcate Gas; Voltage signal S is collected by the circuit after microphone.Meanwhile, through the laser intensity step-down after sampling cavity, gathered by laser pickoff, output voltage signal:
S
0＝I
0(r,t)W
pR
p；
In formula, R
pfor optoacoustic power conversion coefficient; I
0the laser intensity that (r, t) receives for laser pickoff;
This output signal is passed to information process unit by laser pickoff, then is normalized voltage S and S0 by computer unit:
The concentration of tested gas can be obtained again by formula (1) and (2).
3, positioning unit, for the positional information in position monitor region, and is transferred to information process unit.Exemplary, positioning unit can be GPS, when the system is operating, sends the geographical location information such as longitude and latitude to information process unit, accurately to locate dusty gas.
4, video unit, for collection vehicle external environment condition data and be transferred to information process unit.Exemplary, video unit can be made up of video camera, and when the PM2.5 detected is higher than threshold value, video camera automatically carries out capturing and sends the image information of capturing to information process unit.
Simultaneously, the data message of the meteorological unit corresponded to received by the candid photograph moment, positioning unit, video unit is compressed packing by information process unit together with air pollution concentration data message, send to Computer Storage in particular storage device, personnel for deliberation research and analyse the factor to affect that this air in local area pollutes, for follow-up formulation control measures, physical construction planning provide scientific basis.
5, meteorological unit, for gathering the humiture of monitored area, vehicle speed data, air pressure and air speed data, and is transferred to information process unit.It mainly comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, vehicle speed sensor, baroceptor and air velocity transducer, when the system is operating, and Real-time Collection humiture, the speed of a motor vehicle, air pressure and wind speed send information process unit to respectively.
6, information process unit, the data for sending according to positioning unit and video unit determine the accurate location of monitored area, and determine the PM2.5 concentration of this monitored area according to the data that meteorological unit and PM2.5 detecting unit send; Also for positioning unit, video unit, the data of meteorological unit transmission and the PM2.5 concentration data of monitored area are sent to computing machine.
7, computing machine, for the data analysis received, determines air pollution source and draws pollution concentration distribution plan, can analyze the factor of influence and auxiliary relevant departments formulation rationally effective control measures that affect PM2.5 distribution.
The such scheme of the embodiment of the present invention mainly has the following advantages:
1, the detection method of the portable PM2.5 of the present invention, makes the air pollution depth maneuverability more of monitoring each region, this area, automatically draws this area air pollution concentration distribution plan, be convenient to the seriously polluted area determined in one's respective area, and pollution source.
2, the detection method of the portable PM2.5 of the present invention, can conveniently add required relevant device as required, and the principal ingredient analyzed in each region PM2.5 in this area is formed.
3, the detection method of the portable PM2.5 of the present invention, consider the factors such as the meteorologic factor in each region, this area, greening factor, building layout planning, analyzing air-polluting reason in one's respective area, providing scientific and reasonable foundation for formulating one's respective area PM2.5 control measures.
Those skilled in the art can be well understood to, for convenience and simplicity of description, only be illustrated with the division of above-mentioned each functional module, in practical application, can distribute as required and by above-mentioned functions and be completed by different functional modules, inner structure by device is divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (6)
1. a detection system of portable PM2.5, is characterized in that, this system comprises: air acquisition unit, positioning unit, PM2.5 detecting unit, video unit, meteorological unit and information process unit;
Wherein, described air acquisition unit, for gathering the sample gas of monitored area, and transfers to PM2.5 detecting unit;
Described positioning unit, for the positional information in position monitor region, and is transferred to information process unit;
Described video unit, for gathering when the PM2.5 detected is higher than threshold value, the external environment condition data of collection vehicle are also transferred to information process unit;
Described meteorological unit, for gathering the humiture of monitored area, vehicle speed data, air pressure and air speed data, and is transferred to information process unit;
Described PM2.5 detecting unit, for analyzing the air of monitored area, and is transferred to information process unit by analysis result;
Information process unit, the data for sending according to positioning unit determine the accurate location of monitored area, and determine the PM2.5 concentration of this monitored area according to the data that meteorological unit and PM2.5 detecting unit send; Also for positioning unit, video unit, the data of meteorological unit transmission and the PM2.5 concentration data of monitored area are sent to computing machine;
Computing machine, for the data analysis received, determines air pollution source and draws pollution concentration distribution plan.
2. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described air acquisition unit comprises: suction nozzle, asepwirator pump, air strainer, sound suppressor, hot diluter;
Wherein, suction nozzle is positioned at the afterbody vehicle window both sides of vehicle, suction nozzle is connected to the air intake opening of the asepwirator pump in car, the gas outlet of asepwirator pump is connected to the air intake opening end of hot diluter, the air intake opening of filtrator is received in the gas outlet of hot diluter, air strainer gas outlet connects one end of sound suppressor, and the other end of sound suppressor is connected on PM2.5 detecting unit.
3. system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hot diluter comprises: heating arrangement and gas air mix facilities;
When the humiture of monitored area exceedes threshold value, heating arrangement is started working and to be heated the sample gas passed through, then mixes with standard dilution gas uniform via gas dilution device.
4. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described PM2.5 detecting unit comprises: generating laser, chopper, sampling cavity, phase locking unit and laser pickoff;
The laser signal that described generating laser produces, imports laser pickoff into through chopper and sampling cavity successively;
Wherein, laser signal, after chopper modulating frequency, imports the laser signal after a part of frequency modulation into phase locking unit via chopper, and another part imports sampling cavity into; Phase locking unit sends the laser signal received to information process unit;
Described sampling cavity two ends be provided with particular range of wavelengths inner laser through lens, sampling cavity center position is equipped with microphone, microphone sends the voice signal that the sample gas received in sampling cavity produces due to thermal motion to information process unit, laser signal after sampling cavity is received by laser pickoff, and sends information process unit to.
5. system according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, described chopper comprises: motor, rotating shaft, flabellum dish and photosensitive tube;
Motor drives flabellum to rotate with certain constant speed by rotating shaft, and when laser signal A imports chopper into, it is the laser signal B having certain dutycycle that laser signal A transforms tool, and imports sampling cavity into;
Flabellum dish is the circular configuration of absolute symmetry, and while when it rotates, laser signal is kept off, light signal own on photosensitive tube is also blocked, and produces the signal C with certain frequency, and imports phase locking unit into;
Wherein, laser signal C and laser signal B are synchronous and have identical dutycycle.
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described meteorological unit comprises: Temperature Humidity Sensor, vehicle speed sensor, baroceptor and air velocity transducer, is respectively used to Real-time Collection humiture, the speed of a motor vehicle, air pressure and wind speed.
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| CN105092445A (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2015-11-25 | 湖南长重机器股份有限公司 | Online monitoring device and method for PM2.5 industrial flue gas |
| CN105181544A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-12-23 | 劲天环境科技（上海）有限公司 | Detection device and detection method for concentration of particulate matter in air |
| CN107101921A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-08-29 | 成都润泰茂成科技有限公司 | A kind of PM2.5 environment monitoring devices for being capable of monitoring pollution scope |
| CN107727544A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | Vehicular PM2.5 real-time monitoring systems and monitoring method based on Big Dipper positional information |
| CN108392926A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-14 | 深圳市创艺工业技术有限公司 | A kind of APCS air pollution control system |
| CN109142267A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-04 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of real-time terahertz imaging device and method |
| CN109752299A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-14 | 上海龙涤环保技术工程有限公司 | A kind of oil smoke online data acquisition monitoring device |
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| CN107727544A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-02-23 | 中国电子科技集团公司第二十七研究所 | Vehicular PM2.5 real-time monitoring systems and monitoring method based on Big Dipper positional information |
| CN108392926A (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2018-08-14 | 深圳市创艺工业技术有限公司 | A kind of APCS air pollution control system |
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| CN109142267A (en) * | 2018-09-07 | 2019-01-04 | 北京华航无线电测量研究所 | A kind of real-time terahertz imaging device and method |
| CN109752299A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-14 | 上海龙涤环保技术工程有限公司 | A kind of oil smoke online data acquisition monitoring device |
| CN112485173A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 友达光电（昆山）有限公司 | Mobile device for particle detection |
| CN112485173B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2024-03-08 | 友达光电（昆山）有限公司 | Mobile device for particle detection |
| CN113866366A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-31 | 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司 | Vehicle and air detector thereof |
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