CN104848891B - A kind of dynamic monitoring system and monitoring method of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam - Google Patents
A kind of dynamic monitoring system and monitoring method of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of concrete dam and the dynamic monitoring system and monitoring method of the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam, belong to hydroelectric project technical field.The present invention is according to the characteristics of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, devise a set of dynamic monitoring system, system is monitored using advanced fiber grating instrument and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator to attachment structure keypoint part, and monitoring project includes deformation, osmotic pressure and the stress of attachment structure；Analysis of the present invention from the layout, monitoring instrument type selecting and monitoring means of monitoring project, monitoring point and network to Monitoring Result carries out comprehensive, Whole Process Design, solve the problem of the attachment structure monitoring of power station concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, experience is provided for similar engineering.The present invention is applied to the dynamic monitoring of the attachment structure between the rigid buildings such as native stone building and concrete, and operation strategies are wider, used in large-scale hydroelectric project, remarkable in economical benefits.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydroelectric project technical field, and in particular to a kind of connection of hydroelectric project concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
The system and method for structure dynamics monitoring, suitable for the attachment structure between the rigid buildings such as native stone building and concrete
Dynamic monitoring.
Background technology
Connection between the rigid building such as earth and rockfill dam and concrete dam is the crucial skill of current hydroelectric project technical field
One of art problem.It is external more early to earth and rockfill dam and concrete dam attachment structure technical research, apply to engineering earliest in last century
It is the thirties, external as Japan, the existing attachment structure engineering application case of Australia, the most of attachment structure of Japan are most
50m is highly substantially no more than in below 40m, the built engineering of Australia.Earth and rockfill dam is with concrete dam attachment structure in China
Starting it is later compared to external, but domestic application is relatively more, kwan-yin rock, Danjiangkou, Liujia Gorge, Feilai Gorge, great Guang Ba, river
The hydroelectric projects such as southern Banqiao Reservoir Reconstruction Project, Bi Kou, Lubuge, green stream river are Typical Representatives therein.Seen in above-mentioned engineering
Sound rock power station attachment structure highly reaches 75m, is domestic highest attachment structure, ranks among the large-scale piecer Cheng Qian row in the world.
Although earth and rockfill dam has tended to be ripe with concrete dam attachment structure its construction level, earth and rockfill dam and concrete dam attachment structure system
Property method and technique research it is very few, do not monitor the characters such as attachment structure stress deformation completely also at present, therefore existing
Monitoring technology can not meet the needs of attachment structure technology development and a kind of be applied to concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, it is necessary to study
Attachment structure monitoring system and method.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the dynamic monitoring system and detection of a kind of concrete dam and the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam
Method, to solve the problem of the attachment structure of power station concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam monitoring, experience is provided for similar engineering.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows：
A kind of dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, including monitoring unit, data processing mould
Block, data memory module, controller and terminal show computer；Described controller respectively with monitoring unit, data processing module,
Data memory module shows that computer is connected with terminal, for controlling monitoring unit, data processing module, data memory module and end
End shows the work of computer；Described monitoring unit, data processing module, data memory module and terminal shows computer phase successively
Even；
Described monitoring unit includes the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and sensing unit being connected；Described sensing unit includes
Multiple passages in parallel；Each passage is provided with multiple fiber-optic grating sensors connected by optical fiber；Described fiber grating passes
Sensor includes fiber bragg grating osmometer, fiber grating interface joint meter, optical fiber grating soil pressure meter and Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter；
Described fiber bragg grating osmometer is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring coagulation
The osmotic pressure of the attachment structure of earth dam and earth and rockfill dam；
Described fiber grating interface joint meter is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring
The attachment structure contact surface of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam comes to nothing, inclined slope aspect and horizontal direction detrusion；
Described optical fiber grating soil pressure meter is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, mixed for monitoring
Positive geostatic shield on the attachment structure of solidifying earth dam and earth and rockfill dam is domatic；
Described Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring coagulation
The horizontal displacement of the attachment structure of earth dam and earth and rockfill dam.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described sensing unit passes sequentially through end box and tail optical fiber and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
It is connected.
It is further preferred that each passage is provided with multiple fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single mode single-core fiber.
It is further preferred that each passage is provided with the 6-8 fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single mode single-core fiber.
It is further preferred that the bandwidth of the passage can be allocated by each passage in proportion by coupler, distribute
The branch road in parallel into several.
It is further preferred that described coupler is one-to-two coupler.
The present invention also provides a kind of dynamic monitoring method of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, is mixed using above-mentioned
The dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of solidifying earth dam and earth and rockfill dam, comprises the following steps：
Step（1）, the attachment structure emphasis monitoring of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam is determined according to engineering characteristic and geological conditions
Position and monitoring project；
Step（2）, according to step（1）The emphasis monitoring position of determination and monitoring project, lay concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
Attachment structure dynamic monitoring system, mainly laid fiber-optic grating sensor, and connect optical fiber；
Step（3）, data acquisition, transmission and analysis：The data collected by monitoring unit, at data processing module
After reason, it is stored in data memory module, and the dynamic monitoring presentation of information of concrete dam and the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam is existed
Terminal is shown on computer；
Step（4）, according to step（3）Monitor obtained information, the work to concrete dam and the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam
Character is evaluated.
Compared with prior art, its advantage is the present invention：
The present invention devises a set of dynamic monitoring system, is according to the characteristics of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
System is monitored using advanced fiber grating instrument and fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator to attachment structure keypoint part, monitoring project bag
Include deformation, osmotic pressure and the stress of attachment structure；Layout, monitoring instrument type selecting of the present invention from monitoring project, monitoring point and network
And the analysis of monitoring means to Monitoring Result carries out comprehensive, Whole Process Design, solves power station concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
Attachment structure monitoring problem, provide experience for similar engineering.
The present invention is applied to the dynamic monitoring of the attachment structure between the rigid buildings such as native stone building and concrete, fortune
It is wider with scope.The present invention uses in large-scale hydroelectric project, remarkable in economical benefits.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the attachment structure of concrete dam of the present invention and earth and rockfill dam；
Fig. 2 is the network diagram of monitoring unit of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of present system monitoring and Data Transmission Controlling；
Fig. 4 is optical fiber grating soil pressure meter stress time curve map；
Fig. 5 is fiber grating interface joint meter displacement changing curve figure；
Fig. 6 is fiber bragg grating osmometer head time course curve map；
Wherein, 1, fiber bragg grating osmometer；2nd, fiber grating interface joint meter；3rd, optical fiber grating soil pressure meter；4th, optical fiber
Grating displacement meter, 5, side slope；6th, up stream slope；7th, attachment structure；8th, concrete dam；9th, earth and rockfill dam；10th, one-to-two coupler；11、
End box；12nd, single-core fiber；13rd, monitoring unit；14th, data processing module；15th, data memory module；16th, controller；
17th, terminal shows computer；18th, tail optical fiber；19th, fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it should not be regarded as limiting this hair
Bright scope.In the examples where no specific technique or condition is specified, according to the technology or condition described by document in the art
Or carried out according to product description.Instrument, software and the unreceipted production firm person of module, it is that can be obtained by purchase
The conventional products obtained.
The present invention devises a set of dynamic monitoring system, is according to the characteristics of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
The analysis united from the layout, monitoring instrument type selecting and monitoring means of monitoring project, monitoring point and network to Monitoring Result is carried out
Comprehensive, Whole Process Design.Embodiment is：
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 3, a kind of dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, including monitoring are single
Member 13, data processing module 14, data memory module 15, controller 16 and terminal show computer 17；Described controller 16 divides
Do not show that computer 16 is connected with monitoring unit 13, data processing module 14, data memory module 15 and terminal, monitored for controlling
Unit 13, data processing module 14, data memory module 15 and terminal show the work of computer 16；Described monitoring unit 13,
Data processing module 14, data memory module 15 and terminal show that computer 16 is sequentially connected；
Described monitoring unit 13 includes the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 19 and sensing unit being connected；Described sensing unit
Including multiple passages in parallel；Each passage is provided with multiple fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single-core fiber 12；Described
Fiber-optic grating sensor includes fiber bragg grating osmometer 1, fiber grating interface joint meter 2, optical fiber grating soil pressure meter 3 and optical fiber
Grating displacement meter 4；
Described sensing unit passes sequentially through end box 11 and tail optical fiber 18 is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 19.
Described fiber bragg grating osmometer 1 is arranged in the side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream slope of attachment structure 7, for monitoring
Concrete dam 8 and the osmotic pressure of the attachment structure 7 of earth and rockfill dam 9；
Described fiber grating interface joint meter 2 is arranged in the side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream slope of attachment structure 7, is used for
The contact surface of attachment structure 7 of monitoring concrete dam 8 and earth and rockfill dam 9 comes to nothing, inclined slope aspect and horizontal direction detrusion；
Described optical fiber grating soil pressure meter 3 is arranged in the side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream slope of attachment structure 7, for supervising
Survey the positive geostatic shield of concrete dam 8 and the contact surface of attachment structure 7 of earth and rockfill dam 9；
Described Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 4 is arranged in the side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream slope of attachment structure 7, for monitoring
Concrete dam 8 and the horizontal displacement of the attachment structure 7 of earth and rockfill dam 9.
Downstream slope is relative with up stream slope, can not be showed one by one in figure.
Preferably each passage is provided with the 6-8 fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single-core fiber.
The power of the passage can be allocated by each passage in proportion by coupler, be distributed into several branch in parallel
Road.Preferably described coupler is one-to-two coupler 10.
The present invention also provides a kind of dynamic monitoring method of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, is mixed using above-mentioned
The dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of solidifying earth dam and earth and rockfill dam, comprises the following steps：
Step（1）, the emphasis of attachment structure 7 for determining concrete dam 8 and earth and rockfill dam 9 according to engineering characteristic and geological conditions supervises
Survey position and monitoring project；Described emphasis monitoring position is generally attachment structure up stream slope and side slope, and monitoring project is contact
Position distortions, stress and osmotic pressure.Step（2）, according to step（1）The emphasis monitoring position of determination and monitoring project, lay
Concrete dam 8 and the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure 7 of earth and rockfill dam 9, have mainly laid fiber-optic grating sensor, and connect
Good optical fiber；
Described fiber-optic grating sensor lays specific method：Fiber grating displacement is arranged in the side slope 5 of attachment structure 7
Compression and Expansion between the monitoring concrete dam 8 of meter 4 and earth and rockfill dam 7 deforms, and Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter 4 is in horizontally disposed, its length root
Determine according to attachment structure size；In side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream slope arrangement the fiber grating interface joint meter 2 of attachment structure 7
Monitoring the coming to nothing of the contact surface of attachment structure 7, inclined slope aspect and horizontal direction detrusion；Side slope 5, up stream slope 6 in attachment structure 7
The osmotic pressure distribution in seam, the optical fiber light arranged with reference to corresponding site are monitored with downstream slope arrangement fiber bragg grating osmometer 1
The Monitoring Result of grid earth pressure gauge 3 evaluates the possibility of contact surface hydraulic fracture.In the side slope 5, up stream slope 6 and downstream of attachment structure 7
Slope arrangement optical fiber grating soil pressure meter 3 monitors the positive geostatic shield of contact surface.
Step（3）, data acquisition, transmission and analysis：The data collected by monitoring unit 13, through data processing module
After 14 processing, it is stored in data memory module 15, and by concrete dam and the dynamic monitoring information of the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam
Terminal is shown in show on computer 16；
Step（4）, according to step（3）Monitor obtained information, the work to concrete dam and the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam
Character is evaluated.
Certain following engineering is that the present invention is further illustrated for example, but protection scope of the present invention is not by this
The limitation of a little examples.
Certain engineering is first-class big（1）Type engineering, its key construction（Dam, flood releasing structure and diversion and power building）
For 1 grade of building.Engineering hinge is mainly made up of water retaining structure, outlet structure escape works and diversion and power building.Dash is built
Thing is made up of left bank, korneforos Compacted Concrete Gravity Dam Section and right bank earth and rockfill dam, is mixed dam, dam crest overall length 1158m, wherein coagulation
The long 838.035m in earth dam part, the long 319.965m in earth and rockfill dam part.Concrete dam crest elevation is 1139.00m, earth and rockfill dam dam crest
Elevation is 1141.00m, and the dam crest between two dam types is connected by 5% slope.Compacted Concrete Gravity Dam Section part maximum height of dam is
The attachment structure of 159m, earth and rockfill dam part maximum height of dam 75m, concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam is highly 75m, is connected for domestic highest
Binding structure.In view of the basic earthquake intensity in engineering Dam Site place is VII degree and the height of attachment structure reaches 75m, attachment structure
Position uses dynamic monitoring system, and specific arrangement is as follows：
（1）Attachment structure upstream dam slope
Bindiny mechanism's upstream dam slope deformation monitoring arranges 2 elevations, respectively EL.1068, EL.1098, arranges 3 groups of light altogether
Fine grated interface extensometer.Seepage monitoring arranges 3 elevations, respectively EL.1068, EL.1098, EL.1128, arranges 7 altogether
Fiber bragg grating osmometer, 7 optical fiber grating soil pressure meters are arranged by the same area of arrangement osmometer.
（2）Attachment structure side slope
Attachment structure side slope deformation monitoring arrange 5 elevations, respectively EL.1068, EL.1088, EL.1108,
EL.1128, EL.1137,19 groups of fiber grating interface joint meters and 6 groups of fiber grating land movement meter groups are arranged altogether.In the above
14 fiber bragg grating osmometers of elevation arrangement, 7 fiber grating soil are arranged by the same area of arrangement fiber bragg grating osmometer
Pressure gauge.
（3）Attachment structure downstream dam slope
Attachment structure downstream dam slope deformation monitoring arranges 2 groups of fiber grating interface joint meters in EL.1098；Seepage monitoring cloth
3 elevations, respectively EL.1068, EL.1098, EL.1128 are put, arrange 5 fiber bragg grating osmometers altogether.
The attachment structure dynamic monitoring fiber grating instrument network structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam is as shown in Figure 2.
For dynamic monitoring system since in January, 2013 obtains initial value, each instrument condition of system is normal.Attachment structure optical fiber
Grated interface displacement measured value change occurs mainly in embedded initial stage, gradually tends towards stability afterwards, measured value change is smaller during water storage；
The change of fiber grating land movement meter group measured value is smaller, and measured value is steady；Optical fiber grating soil pressure meter measured value is smaller, with finite element meter
It is consistent to be counted as fruit.Fiber bragg grating osmometer is in substantially at present passive state, is consistent with actual conditions, and typical Monitoring Result is as schemed
Shown in 4- Fig. 6.
The general principle and principal character and advantages of the present invention of the present invention has been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and specification is originally
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and modifications of the present invention are possible, these changes
Change and improvement all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention by appended claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of a kind of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that including monitoring unit, number
Computer is shown according to processing module, data memory module, controller and terminal；Described controller respectively with monitoring unit, data
Processing module, data memory module and terminal show that computer is connected, for controlling monitoring unit, data processing module, data to deposit
Store up module and terminal shows the work of computer；Described monitoring unit, data processing module, data memory module and terminal is shown
Computer is sequentially connected；
Described monitoring unit includes the fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator and sensing unit being connected；Described sensing unit includes multiple
Passage in parallel；Each passage is provided with multiple fiber-optic grating sensors connected by optical fiber；Described fiber-optic grating sensor
Including fiber bragg grating osmometer, fiber grating interface joint meter, optical fiber grating soil pressure meter and Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter；
Described fiber bragg grating osmometer is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring concrete dam
With the osmotic pressure of the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam；
Described fiber grating interface joint meter is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring coagulation
The attachment structure contact surface of earth dam and earth and rockfill dam comes to nothing, inclined slope aspect and horizontal direction detrusion；
Described optical fiber grating soil pressure meter is arranged in the side slope, up stream slope and downstream slope of attachment structure, for monitoring concrete
Positive geostatic shield on the attachment structure of dam and earth and rockfill dam is domatic；
Described Optical Fiber Grating Displacement Meter is arranged in the side slope of attachment structure, for monitoring the connection knot of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
The horizontal displacement of structure.
2. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam according to claim 1 and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that
Described sensing unit passes sequentially through end box and tail optical fiber is connected with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator.
3. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam according to claim 1 and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that
Each passage is provided with multiple fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single mode single-core fiber.
4. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam according to claim 3 and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that
Each passage is provided with the 6-8 fiber-optic grating sensors connected by single mode single-core fiber.
5. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam according to claim 1 and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that
The bandwidth of the passage can be allocated by each passage in proportion by coupler, be distributed into several branch roads in parallel.
6. the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of concrete dam according to claim 5 and earth and rockfill dam, it is characterised in that
Described coupler is one-to-two coupler.
7. a kind of dynamic monitoring method of the attachment structure of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam, usage right requires 1 ~ 6 any one institute
The concrete dam and the dynamic monitoring system of the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam stated, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step（1）, the attachment structure emphasis for determining concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam according to engineering characteristic and geological conditions monitors position
And monitoring project；
Step（2）, according to step（1）The emphasis monitoring position of determination and monitoring project, lay the company of concrete dam and earth and rockfill dam
The dynamic monitoring system of binding structure；
Step（3）, data acquisition, transmission and analysis：The data collected by monitoring unit, are handled through data processing module
Afterwards, it is stored in data memory module, and by the dynamic monitoring presentation of information of concrete dam and the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam at end
End is shown on computer；
Step（4）, according to step（3）Obtained information is monitored, to concrete dam and the working property of the attachment structure of earth and rockfill dam
Evaluated.
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