CN113447415A - Earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and use method thereof - Google Patents
Earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113447415A CN113447415A CN202110572771.8A CN202110572771A CN113447415A CN 113447415 A CN113447415 A CN 113447415A CN 202110572771 A CN202110572771 A CN 202110572771A CN 113447415 A CN113447415 A CN 113447415A
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
Abstract
The invention discloses an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and a using method thereof, which comprehensively utilize an optical fiber monitoring technology and an electromagnetic induction monitoring technology to monitor various parameters reflecting the internal water seepage state of an earth and rockfill dam, and obtain a comprehensive evaluation result of the internal water seepage state of the earth and rockfill dam at a monitoring position. In addition, based on long-term real-time monitoring data of monitoring positions in the earth and rockfill dam, comprehensive analysis of water seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam is carried out, and early warning is carried out on the water seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam according to parameter monitoring results. The device is characterized in that the optical fiber monitoring technology and the electromagnetic induction monitoring technology are combined, real-time synchronous monitoring of various seepage parameters of monitoring points in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved, and then real-time comprehensive evaluation of seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved. In addition, based on the analysis of long-term monitoring data of multiple measuring points in the earth and rockfill dam, the critical state parameter values are deduced, and early warning information of the earth and rockfill dam seepage state is issued.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dam corridor monitoring, in particular to an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and a using method thereof, which are used for monitoring multiple parameters reflecting the internal water seepage state of an earth and rockfill dam in real time and carrying out earth and rockfill dam seepage state early warning based on monitoring results.
Background
The earth-rock dam is widely applied to hydraulic engineering due to the advantages of convenient material taking, convenient construction and the like. In order to ensure safe and long-term operation of a large amount of earth and rockfill dam projects, project managers need to monitor the structural state of the earth and rockfill dam in real time. The seepage state of the earth-rock dam is an important problem concerned by safety management personnel; the seepage monitoring is used as a key monitoring project of the earth-rock dam, so that a comprehensive and scientific earth-rock dam internal seepage monitoring system and a using method are found, and the system and the method have great significance for ensuring the stability and safety of the earth-rock dam and related hydraulic engineering buildings.
At present, seepage monitoring items arranged in a dam are mainly used for monitoring seepage of an earth-rock dam, however, the seepage state of the earth-rock dam is not only reflected on seepage monitoring parameters, and monitoring parameters such as internal humidity and internal deformation of monitoring points in the dam can also represent the seepage condition of the earth-rock dam, so that evaluation on the seepage state of the earth-rock dam is not comprehensive and specific only through the seepage monitoring result of the earth-rock dam. In addition, in the past, the monitoring of seepage in the dam of the earth and rockfill dam only stops at the stage of collecting monitoring data, and then, managers are prompted based on abnormal changes of the monitoring data, in the face of actual conditions such as complex and variable natural conditions, reservoir operation scheduling and the like, the managers of the earth and rockfill dam need to master real-time seepage states of the managers, and expect to guide relevant managers to evaluate the seepage states in the dam of the earth and rockfill dam and take corresponding emergency treatment measures through qualitative monitoring and early warning indexes, and a traditional non-real-time monitoring data processing mode cannot face flexible and variable actual engineering conditions.
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide an earth and rockfill dam internal seepage monitoring system and a use method thereof, which realize real-time monitoring of the internal seepage of an earth and rockfill dam, and an integrated device for instantly issuing an early warning on the internal seepage state of the earth and rockfill dam by combining multiple monitoring results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and a using method thereof, which comprehensively utilize an optical fiber monitoring technology and an electromagnetic induction monitoring technology to monitor various parameters reflecting the internal water seepage state of an earth and rockfill dam, and obtain a comprehensive evaluation result of the internal water seepage state of the earth and rockfill dam at a monitoring position. In addition, based on the long-term real-time monitoring data of the interior of the earth and rockfill dam, comprehensive analysis of the water seepage state of the interior of the earth and rockfill dam is carried out, and early warning is carried out on the water seepage state of the interior of the earth and rockfill dam according to the parameter monitoring result. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and a using method thereof. The temperature-humidity monitoring module monitors the internal temperature and humidity by using the optical fiber sensor, the displacement monitoring module monitors the displacement of the soil body by measuring the displacement of the rotating shaft of the inner wall embedded in the soil body through the stress sensor, and the osmotic pressure monitoring module monitors the osmotic pressure in the earth-rock dam through the vibrating string type osmometer embedded in the osmotic pressure drill hole. And finally, the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module comprehensively analyzes the seepage state of the earth and rockfill dam based on various seepage related monitoring data and issues stability early warning information through a man-machine interaction screen. The device is characterized in that the optical fiber monitoring technology and the electromagnetic induction monitoring technology are combined, real-time synchronous monitoring of various seepage parameters of monitoring points in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved, and then real-time comprehensive evaluation of seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved. In addition, based on the analysis of long-term monitoring data of multiple measuring points in the earth and rockfill dam, the critical state parameter values are deduced, and early warning information of the earth and rockfill dam seepage state is issued.
The invention provides an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system and a use method thereof, wherein the device comprises: the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module, the temperature-humidity monitoring module, the internal displacement monitoring module and the osmotic pressure monitoring module; the comprehensive monitoring data analysis module is used for receiving and storing various monitoring data, and performing early warning release on the water seepage condition in the earth-rock dam through data analysis, and comprises a central processing unit, an external display screen, a line protection cover, a plurality of data transmission lines and a dam body internal structure; the temperature-humidity monitoring module monitors the temperature and humidity state inside the building material in the earth-rock dam through an optical fiber sensor and comprises an optical signal transmitter, an optical fiber, a coupling device and an optical signal processor; the internal displacement monitoring module measures the internal displacement of the reservoir area side slope by using a displacement sensor, monitors the displacement of the soil body by measuring the displacement of a rotating shaft embedded in the soil body, and comprises a data line, a fixed frame, a flexible protective shell, a stress sensor and an inner wall rotating rod; the osmotic pressure monitoring module realizes soil body osmotic pressure monitoring of the earth-rock dam by measuring a frequency signal which changes the vibration frequency of the electromagnetic coil under the action of osmotic water pressure on the elastic diaphragm according to the electromagnetic induction effect, and comprises a bentonite dry mud ball, a vibrating wire type osmometer, fine sand, coarse sand reverse filter material, an instrument cable, a thermistor, an osmometer shell, an induction device and permeable stones.
Preferably, in the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module, the central processing unit is installed inside the line protection cover and used for storing and analyzing various monitoring data, a power supply is arranged in the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module, the working voltage of the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module is 220V, and the internal memory of the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module is 500-1000G; the external display screen is used for man-machine interaction, guides workers to further process monitoring data and display and issue early warning information, and is internally provided with a power supply, the working voltage of the power supply is 220V, and the resolution ratio of the power supply is 1920 multiplied by 1080; the circuit protection cover is used for isolating, protecting and monitoring equipment, is made of ABS plastic, and has a thickness of 3-7 mm; the data transmission line is used for connecting the monitoring equipment and the central processing unit, and the length of the data transmission line is 50-200 cm; the internal structure of the dam body is a monitoring object and is used as a placement surface of monitoring equipment;
preferably, in the temperature-humidity monitoring module, the optical signal emitter is used for generating an optical signal, a power supply is arranged in the temperature-humidity monitoring module, and the working voltage of the optical signal emitter is 220V; the optical fiber is used for transmitting optical signals, is made of glass fiber and has the length of 2-10 m; the coupling device realizes the conversion of photoelectric signals, the optical signal processor is used for processing modulated optical signals, a power supply is arranged in the optical signal processor, and the working voltage of the optical signal processor is 220V;
preferably, in the internal displacement monitoring module, the data line is used for connecting the stress sensor and the central processing unit, and the length of the data line is 30-100 cm; the fixing frame is used for fixing the inner wall rotating rod, is made of stainless steel and has the thickness of 3-7 mm; the flexible protective shell is used for protecting the internal displacement monitoring module equipment and isolating the internal displacement monitoring module equipment from an external soil body, is made of synthetic rubber, and has the thickness of 2-5 mm; the stress sensor is used for measuring the stress generated by the inner wall rotating rod under the action of soil pressure, a power supply is arranged in the stress sensor, and the working voltage of the stress sensor is 3.3-5.5V; the inner wall rotating rod is made of stainless steel, the length of the inner wall rotating rod is 2-5 cm, and the thickness of the inner wall rotating rod is 3-7 mm;
preferably, in the osmotic pressure monitoring module, the bentonite dry mud ball is used for sealing an osmometer device, the vibrating wire osmometer is used for measuring the osmotic pressure of a soil body and is wrapped by fine sand, and the measuring range of the vibrating wire osmometer is 0-1000 kPa; the fine sand is used for keeping a saturated infiltration state around the osmometer, the coarse sand filter material is used for preventing the fine sand from losing, the instrument cable is used for connecting the vibrating wire osmometer and the data memory, the external insulation material is polyvinyl chloride, and the length of the external insulation material is 30-50 cm; the thermistor is used for measuring the ambient temperature of the equipment; the osmometer shell is made of stainless steel, and the thickness of the osmometer shell is 2-5 mm; the induction device is used for measuring the variable electromagnetic vibration frequency, and the measuring range is 1800-3000 Hz; the permeable stone is used for preventing small-particle soil from entering the induction device;
the system for monitoring seepage in earth and rockfill dam and the use method thereof are characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) and determining a measuring point layout rule according to the design data in the earth and rockfill dam, and presetting a group of transverse drill holes and longitudinal drill holes on the upstream and downstream of the monitoring point in the earth and rockfill dam.
(2) The device comprises a flexible protection shell, a fixing frame, an inner wall rotating rod, a stress sensor, a data line and a central processing unit.
(3) Thermistor, induction system and permeable stone are installed in the osmometer shell in proper order, draw forth the instrument cable in the osmometer shell for connect a plurality of osmometer of vibration string formula in a plurality of osmometer monitoring drilling.
(4) Pouring medium and coarse sand filter materials into the preset osmotic pressure monitoring drill holes of the vibrating wire type osmometers to a certain depth, putting the vibrating wire type osmometers wrapped by fine sand into the drill holes, continuously filling the medium and coarse sand filter materials, finally filling bentonite dry mud balls into the residual hole depth parts, and connecting the other end of the reserved instrument cable to the central processing unit.
(5) The central processing unit is arranged in the internal structure of the dam body, and the data transmission line led out by the optical signal processor, the vibrating string type osmometer and the stress sensor is packaged by the circuit protection cover.
(6) The optical signal transmitter is arranged inside one side in the earth and rockfill dam, the coupling device and the optical signal processor are arranged inside the other side in the earth and rockfill dam, the optical signal transmitter, the coupling device and the optical signal processor are connected through optical fibers arranged on the top of the corridor, and the optical signal processor is connected with the central processing unit through a data transmission line.
(7) And an external display screen is arranged outside the circuit protection cover and is connected with the central processing unit through a data transmission line.
(8) After monitoring is finished, data analysis is carried out through the central processing unit, risk assessment analysis is automatically carried out according to various monitoring data, and an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage early warning result is issued through an external display screen based on an analysis result.
The beneficial effect of this patent lies in: the optical fiber monitoring technology and the electromagnetic induction monitoring technology are combined, real-time synchronous monitoring of various seepage parameters of monitoring points in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved, and then real-time comprehensive evaluation of seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam is achieved. In addition, based on the analysis of long-term monitoring data of multiple measuring points in the earth and rockfill dam, the critical state parameter values are deduced, and early warning information of the earth and rockfill dam seepage state is issued.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detail view of the osmometer of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of the water content and temperature monitoring fiber routing gallery of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the device for detecting water content and temperature in the top of a corridor according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of the operation of the apparatus of the present invention
Wherein a1 is a central processing unit, a2 is an external display screen, a3 is a circuit protection cover, a4 is a data transmission line, a5 is a dam internal structure, b1 is an optical signal transmitter, b2 is an optical fiber, b3 is a coupling device, b4 is an optical signal processor, c1 is a data line, c2 is a fixed mount, c3 is a flexible protective case, c4 is a stress sensor, c5 is an inner wall rotating rod, d1 is a bentonite dry mud ball, d2 is a vibrating wire type osmometer, d3 is fine sand, d4 is a medium coarse sand filter material, d5 is an instrument cable, d6 is a thermistor, d7 is an osmometer housing, d8 is an induction device, and d9 is a permeable stone.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the scope of the invention is not limited to the description of the embodiments.
The system comprises a central processing unit (a 1), an external display screen (a 2), a3, a4, a5, an internal structure of a dam body, an optical signal transmitter (b 1), an optical fiber (b 2), a coupling device (b 3), an optical signal processor (b 4), a data line (c 1), a fixing frame (c 2), a flexible protective shell (c 3), a stress sensor (c 4), an inner wall rotating rod (c 5), a bentonite dry mud ball (d 1), a vibrating string osmometer (d 2), fine sand (d 3), medium coarse sand filter material (d 4), an instrument cable (d 5), a thermistor (d 6), a osmometer shell (d 7), an induction device (d 8) and permeable stones (d 9). The device realizes real-time synchronous monitoring of various seepage parameters of monitoring points in the earth and rockfill dam by combining an optical fiber monitoring technology and an electromagnetic induction monitoring technology, and further completes real-time comprehensive evaluation of seepage states in the earth and rockfill dam. In addition, based on the analysis of long-term monitoring data of multiple measuring points in the earth and rockfill dam, the critical state parameter values are deduced, and early warning information of the earth and rockfill dam seepage state is issued.
Example 1: test simulation of seepage monitoring system in earth and rockfill dam
The method comprises the steps of purchasing a central processing unit which is arranged in a circuit protection cover, a built-in power supply which has the working voltage of 220V and the memory of 500-1000G (1000G in the embodiment), purchasing an external display screen for man-machine interaction, the built-in power supply which has the working voltage of 220V and the resolution of 1920 x 1080, purchasing an optical signal transmitter and a built-in power supply which have the working voltage of 220V, purchasing optical fibers which are used for transmitting optical signals and made of glass fibers and have the length of 2-10 m (10 m in the embodiment), purchasing a coupling device for realizing the conversion of photoelectric signals, purchasing an optical signal processor and a built-in power supply, wherein the prefabricated circuit protection cover isolation protection monitoring equipment is made of ABS plastics and has the thickness of 3-7 mm (5 mm in the embodiment), purchasing an external display screen for connecting the monitoring equipment and the central processing unit, and has the length of 50-200 cm (100 cm in the embodiment), the working voltage is 220V, the optical signal transmitter and the coupling device are assembled and connected with the optical signal processor through optical fibers, a data line is purchased for connecting the stress sensor and the central processing unit, the length of the data line is 30-100 cm (50 cm in the embodiment), the prefabricated fixing frame is used for fixing the inner wall rotating rod, the material of the prefabricated fixing frame is stainless steel, the thickness of the prefabricated fixing frame is 3-7 mm (5 mm in the embodiment), the prefabricated flexible protective shell is made of synthetic rubber, the thickness of the prefabricated protective shell is 2-5 mm (4 mm in the embodiment), the stress sensor is purchased, a power supply is built in, the working voltage of the prefabricated inner wall rotating rod is 3.3-5.5V (3.3V in the embodiment), the material of the prefabricated inner wall rotating rod is stainless steel, the length of the prefabricated inner wall rotating rod is 2-5 dm (3 dm in the embodiment), the thickness of the prefabricated inner wall rotating rod is 3-7 mm (5 mm in the embodiment), a bentonite dry mud ball is purchased for sealing osmometer device, and a vibrating wire osmometer is purchased for measuring soil body osmotic pressure, its measuring range is 0~1000kPa (10000 kPa in this embodiment), purchase fine sand and coarse sand filter material, purchase the instrument cable, connect vibration wire formula osmometer and data memory, its external insulation material is polyvinyl chloride, its length is 30~50cm (30 cm in this embodiment), purchase thermistor and be used for measuring equipment place ambient temperature, prefabricated osmometer shell, the material is the stainless steel, its thickness is 2~5mm (3 mm in this embodiment), purchase induction system, its measuring range 1800~3000Hz (1800 Hz in this embodiment), it is prefabricated the pervious stone be used for blockking that the granule soil gets into inside the induction system.
The specific operation of the test is as follows:
and determining a measuring point layout rule according to the design data in the earth and rockfill dam, and presetting a group of transverse drill holes and longitudinal drill holes on the upstream and downstream of the monitoring point in the earth and rockfill dam. The fixing frame c2 is installed in the flexible protective shell c3, the inner wall rotating rod c5 is installed on the inner side of the flexible protective shell c3 through the fixing frame c2, the stress sensor c4 is installed on the inner wall rotating rod c5, the device is placed in a preset displacement monitoring drill hole, and the stress sensor c4 is connected with the central processing unit a1 through the data line c 1. The thermistor d6, the sensing device d8 and the permeable stone d9 are sequentially arranged in an osmometer shell d7, and an instrument cable d5 is led out of the osmometer shell d7 and is used for connecting a plurality of vibrating wire osmometers d2 in a plurality of osmometer monitoring drill holes. Pouring medium and coarse sand filter material d4 into a preset osmotic pressure monitoring drill hole of a vibrating wire type osmometer d2 to a certain depth, putting the vibrating wire type osmometer d2 wrapped by fine sand d3 into the drill hole, continuously filling the medium and coarse sand filter material d4, finally filling a bentonite dry mud ball d1 into the residual hole depth part, and connecting the other end of the reserved instrument cable d5 to a central processing unit a 1. The CPU a1 is installed in the dam body inner structure a5, and the line protection cover a2 is installed to encapsulate the data transmission line led out by the optical signal processor b4, the vibrating wire osmometer d2 and the stress sensor c 4. The optical signal transmitter b1 is installed inside one side of the interior of an earth and rockfill dam, the coupling device b3 and the optical signal processor b4 are installed inside the other side of the interior of the earth and rockfill dam, the optical signal transmitter b1, the coupling device b3 and the optical signal processor b4 are connected through an optical fiber b2 installed at the top of a corridor, and the optical signal processor b4 is connected with the central processing unit a1 through a data transmission line a 4. An external display screen a2 is arranged outside the line protection cover a3, and the external display screen a2 is connected with the central processing unit a1 through a data transmission line a 4. After monitoring is finished, data analysis is carried out through the central processing unit a1, risk assessment analysis is automatically carried out according to various monitoring data, and an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage early warning result is issued through the external display screen a2 based on an analysis result.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an earth and rockfill dam internal water seepage monitoring system which characterized in that, the device includes: the monitoring data comprehensive analysis module, the temperature-humidity monitoring module, the internal displacement monitoring module and the osmotic pressure monitoring module; the comprehensive monitoring data analysis module is used for receiving and storing various monitoring data and performing early warning release on water seepage conditions in the earth and rockfill dam through data analysis, and comprises a central processing unit (a 1), an external display screen (a 2), a line protection cover (a 3), a plurality of data transmission lines (a 4) and a dam body internal structure (a 5); the temperature-humidity monitoring module monitors the temperature and humidity state inside the building material in the earth and rockfill dam through an optical fiber sensor, and comprises an optical signal transmitter (b 1), an optical fiber (b 2), a coupling device (b 3) and an optical signal processor (b 4); the internal displacement monitoring module utilizes a displacement sensor to measure the internal displacement of the slope in the reservoir area, realizes the monitoring of the displacement of the soil body by measuring the displacement of a rotating shaft embedded in the soil body, and comprises a data line (c 1), a fixed frame (c 2), a flexible protective shell (c 3), a stress sensor (c 4) and an inner wall rotating rod (c 5); the osmotic pressure monitoring module realizes reservoir slope soil body osmotic pressure monitoring by measuring a frequency signal which is acted on an elastic diaphragm by osmotic water pressure to change the vibration frequency of an electromagnetic coil according to an electromagnetic induction effect, and comprises a bentonite dry mud ball (d 1), a vibrating string type osmometer (d 2), fine sand (d 3), coarse sand filter material (d 4), an instrument cable (d 5), a thermistor (d 6), an osmometer shell (d 7), an induction device (d 8) and permeable stones (d 9).
2. The system for monitoring seepage in the dam of the earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein in the comprehensive analysis module for monitoring data, the central processing unit (a 1) is installed inside the line protection cover (a 3) and used for storing and analyzing various monitoring data, a power supply is arranged inside the comprehensive analysis module, the working voltage of the comprehensive analysis module is 220V, and the internal memory of the comprehensive analysis module is 500-1000G; the external display screen (a 2) is used for man-machine interaction, guides workers to further process monitoring data and display and issue early warning information, and is internally provided with a power supply, the working voltage of the external display screen is 220V, and the resolution of the external display screen is 1920 multiplied by 1080.
3. The system for monitoring seepage in the dam of the earth and rockfill dam as claimed in claim 2, wherein the line protection cover (a 3) is used for isolating and protecting monitoring equipment, is made of ABS plastic, and has a thickness of 3-7 mm; the data transmission line (a 4) is used for connecting the monitoring equipment and the central processing unit (a 1), and the length of the data transmission line (a 4) is 50-200 cm; the internal structure (a 5) of the dam body is a monitoring object and is used as a placement surface of monitoring equipment.
4. The system for monitoring seepage in an earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein in said temperature-humidity monitoring module, said optical signal transmitter (b 1) is used for generating optical signal, and is internally provided with power supply, and its working voltage is 220V; the optical fiber (b 2) is used for transmitting optical signals, is made of glass fiber and has a length of 2-10 m; the coupling device (b 3) realizes the conversion of photoelectric signals, the optical signal processor (b 4) is used for processing modulated optical signals, and the working voltage of the optical signal processor is 220V.
5. The system for monitoring seepage in an earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein in the internal displacement monitoring module, the data line (c 1) is used for connecting the stress sensor (c 4) with the data storage (a 14), and the length of the data line is 30-100 cm; the fixing frame (c 2) is used for fixing the inner wall rotating rod (c 5), is made of stainless steel and has the thickness of 3-7 mm; the flexible protective shell (c 3) is used for protecting the internal displacement monitoring module equipment and isolating the internal displacement monitoring module equipment from an external soil body, is made of synthetic rubber and has the thickness of 2-5 mm; the stress sensor (c 4) is used for measuring the stress generated by the inner wall rotating rod (c 5) under the action of soil pressure, a power supply is arranged in the stress sensor, and the working voltage of the stress sensor is 3.3-5.5V; the inner wall rotating rod (c 5) is made of stainless steel, the length of the inner wall rotating rod is 2-5 cm, and the thickness of the inner wall rotating rod is 3-7 mm.
6. The system for monitoring seepage in an earth and rockfill dam according to claim 1, wherein in the seepage pressure monitoring module, the bentonite dry mud ball (d 1) is used for sealing the osmometer device, and the vibrating wire osmometer (d 2) is used for measuring the seepage pressure of the soil body and is wrapped by fine sand, and the measuring range of the measuring range is 0-1000 kPa.
7. The system for monitoring seepage in an earth and rockfill dam according to claim 6, wherein the fine sand (d 3) is used for maintaining a saturated seepage state around the vibrating wire osmometer (d 2), the coarse sand filter material (d 4) is used for preventing the fine sand (d 3) from losing, the instrument cable (d 5) is used for connecting the vibrating wire osmometer (d 2) with the data storage device (a 14), the external insulation material of the instrument cable is polyvinyl chloride, and the length of the instrument cable is 30-50 cm; the thermistor (d 6) is used for measuring the ambient temperature of the equipment; the osmometer shell (d 7) is made of stainless steel and has the thickness of 2-5 mm; the induction device (d 8) is used for measuring the variable electromagnetic vibration frequency, and the measuring range is 1800-3000 Hz; the permeable stone (d 9) is used for blocking small-particle soil from entering the interior of the sensing device (d 8).
8. A method of using the system for monitoring stability in an earth and rockfill dam of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) determining a measuring point arrangement rule according to the design data in the earth and rockfill dam, and presetting a group of transverse drill holes and longitudinal drill holes on the upstream and downstream of the monitoring point in the earth and rockfill dam;
(2) mounting a fixed frame (c 2) in a flexible protective shell (c 3), mounting an inner wall rotating rod (c 5) on the inner side of the flexible protective shell (c 3) through the fixed frame (c 2), mounting a stress sensor (c 4) on the inner wall rotating rod (c 5), putting the device into a preset displacement monitoring drill hole, and connecting the stress sensor (c 4) with a central processing unit (a 1) through a data line (c 1);
(3) a thermistor (d 6), an induction device (d 8) and a permeable stone (d 9) are sequentially arranged in an osmometer shell (d 7), an instrument cable (d 5) is led out from the osmometer shell (d 7) and is used for connecting a plurality of vibrating wire osmometers (d 2) in a plurality of osmometer monitoring drill holes;
(4) pouring medium and coarse sand filter materials (d 4) into a preset osmotic pressure monitoring drill hole of a vibrating wire type osmometer (d 2) to a certain depth, putting the vibrating wire type osmometer (d 2) wrapped by fine sand (d 3) into the drill hole, continuously filling the medium and coarse sand filter materials (d 4), finally filling bentonite dry mud balls (d 1) into the residual hole depth part, and connecting the other end of the reserved instrument cable (d 5) to a central processing unit (a 1);
(5) a central processing unit (a 1) is installed inside a dam body internal structure (a 5), and a line protection cover (a 2) is installed to encapsulate a data transmission line led out by an optical signal processor (b 4), a vibrating wire osmometer (d 2) and a stress sensor (c 4);
(6) the method comprises the steps that an optical signal transmitter (b 1) is installed inside one side of the interior of an earth-rock dam, a coupling device (b 3) and an optical signal processor (b 4) are installed inside the other side of the interior of the earth-rock dam, the optical signal transmitter (b 1), the coupling device (b 3) and the optical signal processor (b 4) are connected through an optical fiber (b 2) installed at the top of a corridor, and the optical signal processor (b 4) is connected with a central processing unit (a 1) through a data transmission line (a 4);
(7) installing an external display screen (a 2) outside a circuit protection cover (a 3), and connecting the external display screen (a 2) with a central processing unit (a 1) through a data transmission line (a 4);
(8) after the monitoring is finished, data analysis is carried out through the central processing unit (a 1), risk assessment analysis is automatically carried out according to various monitoring data, and an early warning result of water seepage in the dam of the earth and rockfill dam is issued through the external display screen (a 2) based on the analysis result.
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