CN104839314A - Fresh dasheen preservation method - Google Patents
Fresh dasheen preservation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104839314A CN104839314A CN201510192660.9A CN201510192660A CN104839314A CN 104839314 A CN104839314 A CN 104839314A CN 201510192660 A CN201510192660 A CN 201510192660A CN 104839314 A CN104839314 A CN 104839314A
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- taro
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- irradiation
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- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 121
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004980 dosimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 20
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 15
- 231100000987 absorbed dose Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000001034 Frostbite Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010062717 Increased upper airway secretion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002615 epidermis Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000036737 immune function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000026435 phlegm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000035479 physiological effects, processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- Packages (AREA)
- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fresh dasheen preservation method. The fresh dasheen preservation method comprises the following steps of 1, harvesting: removing soil on dasheens, removing decayed dasheens and carrying out exposure under the blazing sun for 8-16h, 2, packaging: packaging dasheens exposed under the blazing sun by small bags, and putting the small bags into a paper box, 3, irradiation: carrying out irradiation in seven days after dasheen harvesting under control of an irradiation dose of 0.2-0.5kGy, and 4, storage: storing the dasheens subjected to irradiation at a temperature of 0-25 DEG C, wherein the treated dasheens have a preservation period of 3 months or more, basically do not sprout, have a low driage rate, and have fragrance and glutinous taste approximate to those of fresh dasheens. The fresh dasheen preservation method has good application prospects in batch dasheen concentrated marketing, fresh-keeping in long distance transport, marketed dasheen storage in household and supermarket and shelf period prolongation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of food preservative technology, specifically a kind of taro preservation technique utilizing radiation treatment to combine the wet packaging of control, specifically one can reach and suppress fresh taro germination, Shelf-life, raising commodity rate method for preserving.
Background technology
Taro has another name called taro, is the underground meat bulb of Araeceae herbaceos perennial taro.Taro mouthfeel is soft, and sweet perfume (or spice) is glutinous.It is nutritious, and containing a large amount of starch, mineral matter and vitamin, being vegetables, is again grain.Nutritive value is similar to potato, is easy to digestion and can not causes poisoning, is a kind of well base-forming food.The beneficial taste of taro energy, gas in tune, reducing phlegm and resolving masses.In mineral matter contained by taro, the content of fluorine is higher, the effect have the preventing decayed tooth that cleans the teeth, taking care of one's teeth.Containing various trace elements in taro, the immunologic function of human body can be strengthened, can be used as the conventional herbal cuisine staple food of anti-knurl for cancer.
Taro is distributed more widely in China, and main producing region is positioned at Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan and Jiangsu.Wherein Jiangsu Xiangsha dasheen is with its fragrant, glutinous, sliding, soft peculiar mouthfeel, well received, goes on the market season, become the gift mutually given taro.
Taro and Ipomoea batatas different, must eat in 1 month after fresh taro buys house back, otherwise to have rotted or shrivelled.In producing region, after a large amount of taro listing, generally need sell complete at 1-2 month, otherwise a large amount of taro is deposited in temperature rising together, can cause rotten tail.
The storage conditions of fresh taro is harsh.Storage temperature can cause rotten skin because of frostbite lower than 0 DEG C, and not only can mould growth higher than 25 DEG C, also can air-dryly dewater.Strengthen the storage solution of humidity under adopting room temperature, though can solve dehydration problem, but cause taro to germinate, mouthfeel is poor.Store sth. in a cellar floor space large, be only applicable to a small amount of taro storage of peasant household.
As can be seen here, taro is not low temperature resistant, therefore fresh taro does not generally put into refrigerator, and should deposit in warmer place, indoor.But, after high-temperature storage a period of time, taro can be caused again to germinate, lose edibility.The method for preserving of peasant household stores sth. in a cellar, and this is only applicable to a small amount of taro and keeps in.
Adopt the high-energy ray such as X, gamma-rays, electron beam to carry out radiation treatment to food, desinsection, sterilization, suppression physiology course, the object of food hygiene quality and Shelf-life of improving can be reached.This technology carries out successful Application on onion, potato, garlic, and China has formulated GB/T18527.2-2001 garlic sprout inhibition by irradiation technique.
But about taro irradiated targets technology has no report and application.Inventor's test shows: though single irradiation can sprout inhibition, preserve after 2 months dehydration seriously, loses the distinctive perfume (or spice) of taro, the local flavor such as glutinous, soft, sweet.Therefore, only adopt popular radiation treatment method for preserving, the storage problem of fresh taro can not be solved.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is thin for fresh taro water content high (more than 70%), epidermis, to breathe not easily preservation under vigorous low temperature and high temperature problem, invent a kind of method for preserving of the fresh taro based on irradiation technique, it is by selected suitable package, in conjunction with radiation treatment and temperature control technology, solve in fresh taro storage germinate, rot, the series of problems such as dehydration.
Technical scheme of the present invention:
A method for preserving for fresh taro, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) gather: removing taro earth, discard rotten taro, be exposed to the sun 8-16 hour;
(2) pack: the taro after process of being exposed to the sun of learning from else's experience dresses up small package bag, then loads in carton by inner wrapping, waits for radiation treatment;
(3) radiation treatment: taro carries out radiation treatment in 7 days after gathering, control irradiation dose is 0.2-0.5kGy;
(4) store: the taro after radiation treatment can store at 0-25 DEG C, freshness date more than 3 months.
Described small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm ~ 5 μm.
The 1-3 kilogram of taro after process of being exposed to the sun is placed in described small package bag.
Described radiation treatment adopts X-ray, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam to carry out, and the Dosimetry uniformity of product is less than 1.3.
result of the test:
Get fresh taro 130kg, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 12 hours.Every 10 is in a loading inner wrapping polyethylene micropore bag, totally 120 bags.Again small package bag is put in carton, is divided into 0,0.1,0.2,0.5,0.7,1.0kGy totally 6 absorbed doses of radiation, carry out radiation treatment immediately.All process, at the warm indoor storage of 24-26 DEG C, observe taro germination after 3 months, carry out fragrance, waxy and loss-of-coolant experiment (LOCE).Result is as follows:
1) taro germination percentage after radiation treatment reduces greatly, and 0.2kGy irradiation dose germination percentage is only 3.6%, and the germination percentage of non-irradiation taro reaches 85%(sees Fig. 1).
2) store after 3 months, non-irradiation taro, owing to germinateing, loses normal consumption, and the organoleptic quality of irradiation taro (fragrance, waxy) is though be inferior to the fresh taro (9 points) of freshly harvested, but still be well (more than 7 points); If irradiation dose continues to increase, though taro does not germinate, organoleptic quality significantly declines (see figure 2).
3) taro is after micropore plastic wrap (aperture is 0.1 μm ~ 5 μm) packaging, and percentage of water loss obviously reduces, minimizing 30% compared with unpackaged.
Therefore, after taro packaging, then through the process of 0.2-0.5kGy dose delivery, deposit at normal temperatures, can reach and neither germinate and the effect of not obvious reduction edible quality, overall assessment is close to fresh taro.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, compared with same environment temperature, humidity shelf, adopt the inventive method, the fresh taro shelf-life can extend 2-3 month.
2, the market supply phase of fresh taro is January September to next year.General market and cut-off after the Spring Festival, the present invention can supplement market short supply, and next year 3-4 month still can be able to eat fresh taro.
3, compared with storing sth. in a cellar, radiation treatment does not need to open packaging, additive-free, convenient, healthy, is particularly suitable for the keeping-freshness storage in enormous quantities that taro concentrates listing.
4, reduce accumulating and sell loss.Taro packaging, vanning, then carry out radiation treatment, require lower to the temperature conditions in transport and sales process, commodity rate improves more than 20%.
5, taro is through polyethylene micropore (aperture is 0.1 μm ~ 5 μm) blister-pack, can effectively control air-dry, and moisture content scatters and disappears and obviously reduces, and percentage of water loss reduces 30% compared with unpackaged, thus keeps the freshness of taro.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The germination percentage of Fig. 1 taro radiation treatment after 3 months and the relation curve of irradiation dose.
The fragrance of Fig. 2 taro radiation treatment after 3 months and waxy change.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further illustrated.
A kind of fresh taro method for preserving, it comprises the following steps:
1, gather: removing taro earth, discard rotten taro, be exposed to the sun 8-16 hour.
2, pack: get 1-3kg taro and dress up small package bag, then inner wrapping is loaded in carton, wait for radiation treatment.
3, irradiation: taro carries out radiation treatment in 7 days after gathering, irradiation dose is 0.2-0.5kGy.
4, store: the taro after radiation treatment can store under room temperature (0-25 DEG C), freshness date more than 3 months.
5, above-mentioned small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm ~ 5 μm.。
6, radiation treatment adopts x-ray, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam, and product Dosimetry uniformity is less than 1.3.
7, storing optimum temperature is (0-25 DEG C).
Example one.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 1.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.2-0.25kGy.Within the 1st day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 0-10 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 0.5%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example two.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 12 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.3-0.39kGy.Within the 4th day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 10-20 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 2.0%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example three.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 16 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 3.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.4-0.5kGy.Within the 7th day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 15-25 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 3.0%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example four.
Fujian taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 1.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.2-0.25kGy.Within the 1st day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 10-20 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 1.5%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example five.
Fujian taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 10 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.3-0.39kGy.Within the 4th day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 15-23 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 2.6%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example six.
Fujian taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 3.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.4-0.5kGy.Within the 7th day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 18-25 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 3.6%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example seven.
Yunnan taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 1.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.2-0.25kGy.Within the 1st day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 0-10 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 0.4%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example eight.
Yunnan taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 12 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.3-0.39kGy.Within the 3rd day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 5-15 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 1.5%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
Example nine.
Yunnan taro with red buds: gather, removing earth, discards rotten taro, is exposed to the sun 16 hours.Load in polyethylene micropore bag, 3.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.4-0.5kGy.Within the 7th day that gathers, complete irradiation.Then be placed on the indoor storage of 15-25 DEG C, after 3 months, taro germination percentage is 3.6%, tastes through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy all good.
As from the foregoing, the storage optimum temperature of the taro after irradiation is (0-25 DEG C).The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (4)
1. a method for preserving for fresh taro, is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
(1) gather: removing taro earth, discard rotten taro, be exposed to the sun 8-16 hour;
(2) pack: the taro after process of being exposed to the sun of learning from else's experience dresses up small package bag, then loads in carton by inner wrapping, waits for radiation treatment;
(3) radiation treatment: taro carries out radiation treatment in 7 days after gathering, control irradiation dose is 0.2-0.5kGy;
(4) store: the taro after radiation treatment can store at 0-25 DEG C, freshness date more than 3 months.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that described small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm ~ 5 μm.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that placing the 1-3 kilogram of taro after process of being exposed to the sun in described small package bag.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described radiation treatment adopts X-ray, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam to carry out, the Dosimetry uniformity of product is less than 1.3.
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| CN201510192660.9A CN104839314B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro |
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| CN201510192660.9A CN104839314B (en) | 2015-04-22 | 2015-04-22 | A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro |
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| CN106305988A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | United fresh-keeping method for prolonging storage period of Xianghe colocasia esculenta |
| CN107183150A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-22 | 扬州大学 | A kind of preservation method of belt leather Xiangsha dasheen |
| CN110338215A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 | A kind of storage practice of jerusalem artichoke stem tuber room temperature |
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| CN107183150A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-22 | 扬州大学 | A kind of preservation method of belt leather Xiangsha dasheen |
| CN110338215A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 | A kind of storage practice of jerusalem artichoke stem tuber room temperature |
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| CN104839314B (en) | 2018-03-06 |
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