CN104839314B - A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro - Google Patents
A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro Download PDFInfo
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- CN104839314B CN104839314B CN201510192660.9A CN201510192660A CN104839314B CN 104839314 B CN104839314 B CN 104839314B CN 201510192660 A CN201510192660 A CN 201510192660A CN 104839314 B CN104839314 B CN 104839314B
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- 244000205754 Colocasia esculenta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 235000006481 Colocasia esculenta Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
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- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
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- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004980 dosimetry Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
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- 231100000987 absorbed dose Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000061456 Solanum tuberosum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000002595 Solanum tuberosum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000234282 Allium Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002732 Allium cepa var. cepa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000004569 Blindness Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005452 food preservative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019249 food preservative Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- Packging For Living Organisms, Food Or Medicinal Products That Are Sensitive To Environmental Conditiond (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps：（One）Harvesting：Taro soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8 16 hours；（Two）Packaging：The taro after processing of being exposed to the sun of learning from else's experience dresses up small package bag, then inner wrapping is loaded in carton, waits radiation treatment；（Three）Radiation treatment：Taro carries out radiation treatment after harvesting in 7 days, it is 0.2 0.5kGy to control irradiation dose；（4）Storage：Taro after radiation treatment can store at 0 25 DEG C, and freshness date more than 3 months, taro does not germinate substantially, and dehydration substantially reduces, and the organoleptic indicator such as its fragrance, waxy is close to fresh taro.The present invention concentrates fresh-keeping listing, long-distance transport process, family and supermarket to purchase taro storage, Shelf-life etc. and be respectively provided with application prospect for high-volume taro.
Description
Technical field
It is specifically a kind of that the taro for controlling wet packaging is combined using radiation treatment the present invention relates to a kind of food preservative technology
Head preservation technology, specifically one kind, which can reach, to be suppressed fresh taro germination, Shelf-life, improves commodity rate preservation side
Method.
Background technology
Taro also known as taro, it is the underground meat bulb of Araeceae herbaceos perennial taro.Taro mouthfeel is soft, continuous
It is fragrant and sweet glutinous.It is nutritious, is both vegetables containing substantial amounts of starch, mineral matter and vitamin, is grain again.Nutritive value is near
Potato is similar to, is easy to digestion without causing poisoning, is a kind of good base-forming food.Taro energy Energy benefit taste, gas in tune, resolving sputum
Dissipating bind.In mineral matter contained by taro, the content of fluorine is higher, the preventing decayed tooth that has the function that to clean the teeth, takes care of one's teeth.Containing more in taro
Kind trace element, the immunologic function of human body can be strengthened, can be as the conventional herbal cuisine staple food of preventing and treating carcinoma.
Taro is distributed more widely in China, and main producing region is located at Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan and Jiangsu.Wherein Jiangsu Xiangsha dasheen is with it
Fragrant, glutinous, sliding, soft peculiar mouthfeel, it is well received, season is listed in taro, turns into the gift mutually given.
Taro and sweet potato are different, and fresh taro must have been eaten after buying house back in 1 month, otherwise can rot or shrivelled.
Behind producing region, a large amount of taro listings, it need to typically be finished in sale in 1-2 months, otherwise a large amount of taros are packed together temperature rise,
Rotten tail can be caused.
The storage conditions of fresh taro are harsh.Storage temperature less than 0 DEG C can caused by frostbite rotten skin, and higher than 25 DEG C not only
Meeting mould growth, can also air-dry dehydration.Using the storage solution for increasing humidity at room temperature, though dehydration problem can be solved, but make
Germinateed into taro, mouthfeel is poor.It is big to store sth. in a cellar floor space, is only applicable to a small amount of taro storage of peasant household.
As can be seen here, taro is not low temperature resistant, therefore fresh taro is not put into refrigerator typically, and should deposit in indoor warmer
Place.However, high-temperature storage for a period of time after, taro can be caused to germinate again, lose edibility.The method for preserving of peasant household is cellar for storing things
Hide, this is only applicable to a small amount of taro and kept in.
Radiation treatment is carried out to food using high-energy rays such as X, gamma-rays, electron beams, desinsection, sterilization, suppression can be reached
Physiology course processed, the purpose for improving food hygiene quality and Shelf-life.This technology is enterprising in onion, potato, garlic
Row successful application, China has formulated GB/T18527.2-2001 garlic sprout inhibition by irradiation techniques.
But have no report and application about taro irradiated targets technology.Inventor's experiment shows：Though single irradiation can suppress
Germination, but be dehydrated seriously after storing 2 months, lose the flavors such as distinctive fragrant, glutinous, the soft, sweet tea of taro.Therefore, only with masses
Radiation treatment method for preserving, can not solve the problems, such as the storage of fresh taro.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is high for fresh taro water content（More than 70%）, epidermis is thin, the vigorous low temperature of breathing and high temperature
Under the problem of being not easy preservation, invent a kind of method for preserving of the fresh taro based on irradiation technique, it by selecting suitable package,
With reference to radiation treatment and temperature control technology, solve germination in fresh taro storage, rot, dehydration a series of problems, such as.
Technical scheme：
A kind of method for preserving of fresh taro, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps：
（One）Harvesting：Taro soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8-16 hours；
（Two）Packaging：The taro after processing of being exposed to the sun of learning from else's experience dresses up small package bag, then inner wrapping is loaded in carton, waits
Radiation treatment；
（Three）Radiation treatment：Taro carries out radiation treatment after harvesting in 7 days, it is 0.2-0.5kGy to control irradiation dose；
（4）Storage：Taro after radiation treatment can store at 0-25 DEG C, freshness date more than 3 months.
Described small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm~5 μm.
The 1-3 kilograms of taro after processing of being exposed to the sun is placed in described small package bag.
Described radiation treatment is carried out using X ray, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam, the Dosimetry uniformity of product
Less than 1.3.
Result of the test：
Fresh taro 130kg is taken, soil is removed, discards rotten taro, be exposed to the sun 12 hours.Every 10 load inner wrapping to be a
In polyethylene micropore bag, totally 120 bags.Small package bag is put into carton again, be divided into 0,0.1,0.2,0.5,0.7,1.0kGy totally 6
Individual absorbed dose of radiation, radiation treatment is carried out immediately.Warm indoor storage of all processing at 24-26 DEG C, observes taro germination after 3 months
Situation, carry out fragrance, waxy and loss-of-coolant experiment (LOCE).As a result it is as follows：
1）Taro germination percentage after radiation treatment substantially reduces, and 0.2kGy irradiation dose germination percentages are only 3.6%, and not
The germination percentage of irradiation taro reaches 85%（See Fig. 1）.
2）For storage after 3 months, non-irradiated taro loses normal consumption, and irradiate the sense organ product of taro due to germination
Matter（It is fragrance, waxy）Though it is inferior to the fresh taro of freshly harvested（9 points）, but still be good（More than 7 points）；If irradiation dose continues
Increase, though taro does not germinate, organoleptic quality is remarkably decreased（See Fig. 2）.
3）After micropore plastic wrap (aperture be 0.1 μm~5 μm) packaging, percentage of water loss substantially reduces taro, and unpackaged
Compared to reduction 30%.
Therefore, after taro packaging, then through the processing of 0.2-0.5kGy dose deliveries, deposit, can reach neither at normal temperatures
Germination significantly reduces the effect of edible quality again, and overall assessment is close to fresh taro.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, compared with same environment temperature, humidity shelf, using the inventive method, the fresh taro shelf-life can extend 2-3
Individual month.
2nd, the market supply phase of fresh taro is September to January next year.Market is cut-off typically after the Spring Festival, and the present invention can
It is in short supply to supplement market, can still be able to eat fresh taro in month next year 3-4.
3rd, compared with storing sth. in a cellar, radiation treatment need not open packaging, additive-free, convenient, healthy, be particularly suitable for taro
Concentrate the high-volume keeping-freshness storage of listing.
4th, accumulating is reduced to be lost with sale.Taro packaging, vanning, then radiation treatment is carried out, in transport and sales process
Temperature conditionss require it is relatively low, commodity rate improve more than 20%.
5th, taro is through polyethylene micropore (aperture be 0.1 μm~5 μm) film packaging, can efficiently control air-dried, and moisture content dissipates
Blindness is aobvious to be reduced, and percentage of water loss reduces 30% compared with unpackaged, so as to keep the freshness of taro.
Brief description of the drawings
The relation curve of germination percentage and irradiation dose of Fig. 1 taros radiation treatment after 3 months.
Fragrance and waxy change of Fig. 2 taros radiation treatment after 3 months.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A kind of fresh taro method for preserving, it comprises the following steps：
1st, harvest：Taro soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8-16 hours.
2nd, pack：Take 1-3kg taros to dress up small package bag, then inner wrapping is loaded in carton, wait radiation treatment.
3rd, irradiate：Taro carries out radiation treatment, irradiation dose 0.2-0.5kGy after harvesting in 7 days.
4th, store：Taro after radiation treatment can be in room temperature（0-25℃）Lower storage, freshness date more than 3 months.
5th, above-mentioned small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm~5 μm..
6th, radiation treatment uses x-ray, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam, and product Dosimetry uniformity is less than 1.3.
7th, storage optimum temperature is（0-25℃）.
Example one.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
1.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.2-0.25kGy.Complete irradiation in the 1st day of harvesting.0-10 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germinates after 3 months
Rate is 0.5%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example two.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 12 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.3-0.39kGy.Complete irradiation in the 4th day of harvesting.10-20 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro sends out after 3 months
Bud rate is 2.0%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example three.
Jiangsu Jingjiang Xiangsha dasheen：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 16 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
3.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.4-0.5kGy.Complete irradiation in the 7th day of harvesting.15-25 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germinates after 3 months
Rate is 3.0%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example four.
Fujian taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag, 1.0kg/
Bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.2-
0.25kGy.Complete irradiation in the 1st day of harvesting.10-20 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germination percentage is after 3 months
1.5%, tasted through product quality personnel, it is taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example five.
Fujian taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 10 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.3-0.39kGy.Complete irradiation in the 4th day of harvesting.15-23 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro sends out after 3 months
Bud rate is 2.6%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example six.
Fujian taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag, 3.0kg/
Bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.4-
0.5kGy.Complete irradiation in the 7th day of harvesting.18-25 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germination percentage is after 3 months
3.6%, tasted through product quality personnel, it is taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example seven.
Yunnan taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag, 1.0kg/
Bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation is 0.2-
0.25kGy.Complete irradiation in the 1st day of harvesting.0-10 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germination percentage is after 3 months
0.4%, tasted through product quality personnel, it is taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example eight.
Yunnan taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 12 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
2.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.3-0.39kGy.Complete irradiation in the 3rd day of harvesting.5-15 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germinates after 3 months
Rate is 1.5%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
Example nine.
Yunnan taro with red buds：Harvesting, soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 16 hours.It is fitted into polyethylene micropore bag,
3.0kg/ bag.Again by above-mentioned small package bag block pattern row pattern in carton, deliver to irradiation field and carry out radiation treatment, product absorbed dose of radiation
For 0.4-0.5kGy.Complete irradiation in the 7th day of harvesting.15-25 DEG C of indoor storage is then placed within, taro germinates after 3 months
Rate is 3.6%, is tasted through product quality personnel, taro freshness, fragrance, waxy good.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the storage optimum temperature of the taro after irradiated is（0-25℃）.Part that the present invention does not relate to
Prior art is identical or can be realized using prior art.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. method for preserving of fresh taro, it is characterized in that it comprises the following steps：（One）Harvesting：Taro soil is removed, rotten taro is discarded, is exposed to the sun 8-16 hours；（Two）Packaging：The taro after processing of being exposed to the sun of learning from else's experience dresses up small package bag, then inner wrapping is loaded in carton, waits to be irradiated Processing；（Three）Radiation treatment：Taro carries out radiation treatment after harvesting in 7 days, it is 0.2-0.5kGy to control irradiation dose；（Four）Storage：Taro after radiation treatment can store at 0-25 DEG C, freshness date more than 3 months；Described small package bag material is polyethylene micropore film, and aperture is 0.1 μm~5 μm；Described radiation treatment is penetrated using X Line, gamma-rays or high-power electron beam are carried out, and the Dosimetry uniformity of product is less than 1.3.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is exposed to the sun processing it is characterized in that placing 1-3 kilograms of process in described small package bag Taro afterwards.
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| CN106305988A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-11 | 江苏省农业科学院 | United fresh-keeping method for prolonging storage period of Xianghe colocasia esculenta |
| CN107183150A (en) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-09-22 | 扬州大学 | A kind of preservation method of belt leather Xiangsha dasheen |
| CN110338215A (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南省核农学与航天育种研究所 | A kind of storage practice of jerusalem artichoke stem tuber room temperature |
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