CN104838578A - A polyphase inductive power transfer system with individual control of phases - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a polyphase inductive power transfer (IPT) system comprising a primary power supply comprising a plurality of primary conductors, the primary conductors being individually selectively operable to provide or receive a magnetic field for inductive power transfer; and at least one pick-up comprising one or more pick-up conductors, the one or more pick-up conductors each being individually selectively operable to magnetically couple with a primary conductor to control power transfer between the primary power supply and a load coupled or coupleable with the respective pick-up. The polyphase primary power supply may be used to power a plurality of single-phase pick-ups, one or more polyphase pick-ups, or a combination thereof. Also disclosed are polyphase primary and secondary converters for use in such a system.

Description

The polyphase induction electric energy transmission system of independent control phase

Technical field

The present invention relates to unidirectional and bidirectional inductive delivery of electrical energy (IPT) system, relate to particularly and having in the IPT system of major opposing side with the polyphase windings on any one in time side or two.

Background technology

Current, the requirement of consumer is mainly the fail safe of technology, reliability, convenience, validity and technical field state, and not only pays close attention to cost.Therefore, many new technologies are implemented, to meet these requirements of different application.Green product or electronic product can be considered as this desirable example, and they are intended to eliminate the negative effect of the carbon emission amount relevant with using fossil fuel and relevant environmental pollution etc.

Within the very short time, introduce the regulation of many green energy resources, and worldwide dropped into multi-million dollar in the research and development project relevant with green energy resource, for find efficient, there is cost-benefit and reliable green technology.In these green energy resource technology, the distributing energy of regenerative resource generating (DG) is used to be regarded as one of best solution meeting energy requirements while minimizing carbon emission amount.But, especially in the impact being subject to the randomness of their production of energy based on the best of the DG system in wind energy and solar device and effective use widely.Therefore, a large amount of and storage system of costliness is needed to alleviate this unsteadiness in the most efficient manner and meet the demands.As having cost-benefit storage system, use electric automobile (EV) to store and just obtaining to automobile-electrical network (V2G) concept of electrical network supplying energy increasing universal because " life and mobile " in both automobiles become requisite part now.

Traditionally, EV is charged by the wired connection between utility network and vehicle.But the latest developments of contactless induction electric energy transmission (IPT) technology have made the contactless charging of EV become economically viable solution.Although be compared to wired charging, the contactless charging of EV is still expensive, and it has advantage in reliability, fail safe and convenience.Therefore, as the effectively and efficiently instrument of charging EV, contactless charging electric automobile just catches on.

Can use the IPT system of existing single phase bidirectional IPT system and single phase single direction (such as in WO2010/062198 disclosed those) use an IPT main power source charging and/discharge multiple EV.But, the system of this prior art can not be energized single master (charging) pad/winding/coil/coupler, described single main (charging) pad/winding/coil/coupler is connected in series and is powered by a main power source, and be magnetically coupled to the electricity pickup pad (winding/coil) of multiple EV, to use the EV that optionally charges and/or discharge as requested.The selective charge of EV can obtain by using special IPT system, for each EV, described special IPT system comprises main power source and main charging pad magnetic-coupled with electricity pickup pad, but because need multisystem to charge to multiple EV, therefore this is expensive.By contrast, the ability using the selective charge/electric discharge of multiple EV of single IPT main power source is cost-efficient, and improves efficiency, reliability and fail safe, because each main pad is only just energized when the EV of correspondence is charged or discharged.From then on carry out charging and the dynamic charge/discharge of mobile EV in the fairground in public places that the application that ability benefits comprises EV.

Selectively, the efficiency of the wireless charging of EV and similar load can improve by using heterogeneous IPT system.But, existing three-phase IPT system utilizes three-phase main system but usually only with the single-phase electricity pickup system of single pad, and/or has one or more shortcomings of the controlling of restrictive (if existence) or suboptimum, flexibility, versatility and overall efficiency.

goal of the invention

The object of the invention is the one or more shortcomings at least improving prior art, or at least to the substitute that the public provides.

Summary of the invention

In first aspect, the present invention broadly can relate to a kind of polyphase induction delivery of electrical energy (IPT) system, and described system comprises:

Main power source, described main power source comprises multiple main traverse line, and described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to provide or to receive the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission; And

At least one electricity pickup, described electricity pickup comprises one or more electricity pickup wire, each in described one or more electricity pickup wire all can run individually selectively, with with main traverse line magnetic coupling, thus control the delivery of electrical energy between the load that maybe can be coupled at main power source and being coupled with respective electricity pickup.

Preferably, any one or more in multiple main traverse line are run selectively, to provide required magnetic field.

Preferably, each in multiple main traverse line all only just runs by when powering with the magnetic-coupled electricity pickup of respective main traverse line in load.

Preferably, each main traverse line all out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity of main traverse line.

Selectively, each main traverse line all out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity running main traverse line.

Preferably, each in main traverse line is all coupled to power supply, individually selectively to control the alternating current in respective main traverse line.

Preferably, main power source comprises multiple Switch Controller further, and power supply is coupled at least one main traverse line by each Switch Controller all selectively, thus each main traverse line by pair of switches to being coupled to power supply, and Switch Controller is controlled individually, with the alternating current during to control in main traverse line each.

Preferably, the alternating current in each in main traverse line is controlled by the phase angle controlled between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.But, all selectively can use for other the device any controlling alternating current, and not depart from scope of the present invention.

Preferably, system is two-way, and electric energy can be transferred at least one electricity pickup selectively from main power source, or vice versa.

Preferably, be controlled by the phase angle controlled relative to the alternating current in electricity pickup wire of the alternating current in respective main traverse line at main power source and the delivery of electrical energy separately between electricity pickup.

Selectively, the phase angle between the respective alternating current in main traverse line and electricity pickup wire can be conditioned with ± 90 °, and the delivery of electrical energy between power supply and load is controlled by controlling the intensity of the alternating current in main traverse line and/or electricity pickup wire.

Preferably, IPT system comprises the electricity pickup with multiple electricity pickup wires, each electricity pickup wire all with the magnetic coupling of in multiple main traverse line or can magnetic coupling, to receive the heterogeneous electric energy of automatic power supply.This system selectively can comprise multiple this heterogeneous electricity pickup.

Preferably, electricity pickup comprises multiple Switch Controller further, each Switch Controller all selectively by load coupling at least one electricity pickup wire, thus each electricity pickup wire all by pair of switches to being coupled to load, Switch Controller is controlled individually, to control the delivery of electrical energy between each and load in electricity pickup wire.

Preferably, each and delivery of electrical energy between load in each electricity pickup wire is controlled by the phase angle that controls between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.

Preferably, electricity pickup comprises multiple quantitatively equal with multiple main traverse line electricity pickup wire.

Selectively, IPT system comprises one or more electricity pickup, and each electricity pickup includes single electricity pickup wire, any one magnetic coupling in described single electricity pickup wire and multiple main traverse line or can magnetic coupling.

Preferably, main power source be automatically suitable for inductively powering to:

One or more electricity pickup comprising multiple electricity pickup wire; And/or

Each one or more electricity pickups including single electricity pickup wire.

In second aspect, the present invention broadly can relate to polyphase induction delivery of electrical energy (IPT) transducer, and described transducer comprises multiple wire, and described wire can run individually selectively, to provide or to receive the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission.

Preferably, each wire out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity of wire.

Selectively, each wire out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity running wire.

Preferably, IPT transducer comprises multiple Switch Controller further, each described Switch Controller individually selectively by least one conductive lines to power supply/power sink, wherein each wire all by pair of switches to being coupled to power supply/power sink, Switch Controller is controllable individually, with the alternating current in each in pilot.

Preferably, the alternating current in each in wire is controlled by the phase angle that controls between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.

Preferably, multiple Switch Controller comprises and each shared Switch Controller in multiple wire, and is eachly coupled to each in multiple wire and relative to common switch to the multiple other Switch Controller be controlled individually, to control the electric current in corresponding lead.

Preferably, in multiple Switch Controller each all by two conductive lines to power supply, Switch Controller runs in the mode staggered with delayed phase in-between.

Preferably, each in multiple wire all only just runs when being inductively coupled with IPT device in use.IPT device can comprise IPT power supply or IPT electricity pickup.

Preferably, IPT transducer comprises three wires and three Switch Controller, and each wire all with the structure Coupling of triangle or star together.

Preferably, each in wire energising all can be controlled independent of other.

Preferably, the electric current in each in wire and/or voltage all can be controlled individually.

Preferably, one or more in wire can be energized one or more other wire keeps cold while.

Preferably, each wire includes a part for LCL compensating network.

Preferably, any one or more in multiple wire all can be energized simultaneously.

Preferably, the quantity of the wire be simultaneously energized and combination based on use in the quantity of electricity pickup wire that is inductively coupled of IPT device and select.

Preferably, transducer comprises in IPT power supply or IPT electricity pickup.

In the third aspect, the present invention broadly provides a kind of heterogeneous IPT main power source transducer, and it has:

First and second main traverse line devices, each main traverse line device all can provide magnetic field when being energized by the power.

First switching device, described first switching device is operably connected to both the first and second main traverse line devices;

Second switch device, described second switch device is operably connected to the first main traverse line device; And

3rd switching device, described 3rd switching device is operably connected to the second main traverse line device; Thus the first and second main traverse line devices can be energized independently of each other.

Preferably, the first main traverse line device is energized by control first and second switching device.

Preferably, the second main traverse line device can be energized selectively by control first and the 3rd switching device.

Preferably, the first and second main traverse line devices can side by side be energized.

Preferably, the energising level of in the first and second main traverse line devices can be controlled independent of other.

Preferably, each switching device includes two and controls switching device.

Preferably, main traverse line device comprises main traverse line winding or circuit.

Preferably, main traverse line device comprises compensating network further.

Preferably, the first main traverse line device can keep coldly being energized at the second wire installation simultaneously.Preferably, the second main traverse line device can keep coldly being energized at the first main traverse line device simultaneously.

Preferably, the electric current in each in the first and/or second main traverse line device and/or voltage can be controlled individually.

In fourth aspect, the present invention broadly provides a kind of IPT system main transducer, and it has:

Multiple main traverse line device, each described device all can provide magnetic field when being energized by the power.

Multiple switching device, described switching device is operably connected to selected main traverse line device;

Control device, described control device control switch device, thus switching device makes each main traverse line device be energized, and runs relative to the main traverse line device be energized last time to make each switching device shifter with predetermined phase delay.

Preferably, this setting causes generation current in main traverse line device, and described electric current has the phase place relative to each other regulated.

Preferably, there is same allocated in the load current between multiple main traverse line device.

In the 5th, the present invention broadly provides a kind of IPT transducer, and described IPT transducer comprises multiple electricity pickup winding, and described electricity pickup winding uses together with the main IPT transducer proposed in any one in aforementioned.

Preferably, transducer comprises switching device, run described switching device, electric current from each electricity pickup winding can be received to make electricity pickup, thus each switching device shifter runs, to control the poower flow from main transducer to secondary transducer with predetermined phase delay relative to the main traverse line device be energized last time.

In the 6th, the present invention is broadly made up of heterogeneous IPT system, and described heterogeneous IPT system comprises heterogeneous main electricity pickup and heterogeneous electricity pickup, and wherein main electricity pickup and/or each electricity pickup all have:

Multiphase converter;

Be electrically coupled to the heterogeneous conductive path of multiphase converter, coil or pad (referreding to herein as main winding or electricity pickup winding); And

Multiphase compensation network.

Preferably, main electricity pickup and each electricity pickup controlled by their nonshared control unit.

Preferably, the poower flow in each single electricity pickup all can by control relative to being controlled by the relative phase angle of electricity pickup transducer formation voltage and/or intensity of the phase place of the electric current in the main winding of electricity pickup winding coupled and/intensity.

Preferably, heterogeneous main winding and heterogeneous electricity pickup winding magnetic coupling.

Preferably, controlling organization is used to control bidirectional power flow or unidirectional power stream.

Preferably, phase detection device is provided to detect the phase relation between heterogeneous main transducer and the transducer of each electricity pickup.

In the 7th, the present invention broadly can relate to a kind of induction electric energy transmission (IPT) power supply, described power supply comprises multiple main traverse line, described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to provide or to receive the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission, wherein power supply is automatically suitable for inductively powering to comprising single electricity pickup of multiple electricity pickup wire and each one or more electricity pickups including single electricity pickup wire.That is, electricity pickup or multiple electricity pickup wire with single electricity pickup wire can use together with identical power supply.

In eighth aspect, the present invention broadly can relate to a kind of induction electric energy transmission (IPT) power supply, described power supply comprises multiple main traverse line, described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to be provided for the magnetic field of induction electric energy transmission to each one or more electricity pickups including at least one electricity pickup wire, wherein main traverse line out of phase runs, the quantity of phase based on use in the quantity of electricity pickup wire that is inductively coupled of main traverse line select.

Preferably, the quantity of the electricity pickup wire be inductively coupled with main traverse line is corresponding to the quantity be used for load and the more specifically electricity pickup wire of electric vehicle charging.

Other side of the present invention will be become apparent by following description.

Accompanying drawing explanation

With reference now to accompanying drawing, one or more embodiment of the present invention is described, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the single phase bidirectional IPT system of prior art, and wherein Vin can from civil power or battery, and V0 represents passive load or the active load of the battery of EV.

Fig. 2 is the input ripple current of indication example single phase bidirectional IPT as shown in Figure 1 system and the curve chart of output ripple electric current respectively;

Fig. 3 (a) shows heterogeneous main IPT transducer according to an embodiment of the invention, described main IPT transducer with synchronous mode operation, to power to multiple single-phase electricity pickup IPT transducer;

Fig. 3 (b) display heterogeneous main IPT transducer according to another embodiment of the present invention, described heterogeneous main IPT transducer with staggered mode operation, to power to multiple single-phase electricity pickup IPT transducer;

Fig. 4 (a) display heterogeneous main IPT transducer is according to another embodiment of the present invention powered to heterogeneous electricity pickup IPT transducer;

Fig. 4 (b) display still heterogeneous main IPT transducer is according to another embodiment of the present invention powered to two heterogeneous electricity pickup IPT transducers;

The topology of Fig. 5 display two-way IPT system of three-phase according to another embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 6 (a) display is as another topology of the two-way IPT system of three-phase of an example;

Fig. 6 (b) shows the modification of the topology of the two-way IPT system of three-phase of Fig. 6 (a);

Fig. 7 (a) display is used for the one phase equivalent circuit of the object of the circuit topology of analysis chart 4 (a);

Fig. 7 (b) display, relative to the voltage between lines between the voltage of the time of each phase place and phase place, illustrates pulse width modulation (PWM) control program being suitable for using together with the present invention;

Fig. 7 (c) shows the decline of voltage between lines by introduction mark and pulse;

Fig. 7 (d) display is used for an example of the schematic diagram of the control structure of main switch;

Fig. 7 (e) display is used for an example of the control structure of the use of electricity pickup;

Fig. 8 and 9 display is used for the main line voltage of topology and the curve chart of electricity pickup line voltage and main line electric current of Fig. 4 (a) when transmitting 5KW to output;

Figure 10 and 11 shows when differing between main coil current with secondary coil electric current is reduced, for the main line voltage of the three-phase topology of Fig. 4 (a) and the curve chart of electricity pickup line voltage and line current;

Figure 12 and 13 display is used for the source current of example of the present invention and ripple current, and what between main coil current with secondary coil electric current, have 90 ° delayedly differs; And

The principal voltage of the single phase system of the prior art of Figure 14 and 15 display when transmitting 5kW to load and electricity pickup voltage.

Embodiment

Propose a kind of heterogeneous IPT transducer newly herein, it is effective, and in mid power-high-power contactless delivery of electrical energy application, has many advantages relative to existing system.The system that can transmit unidirectional electric energy or bidirectional electric energy proposed is desirable for the selective charge/electric discharge of single EV, but is not limited thereto.

The typical single phase bidirectional IPT system of prior art schematically illustrates in FIG.As the situation in typical unidirectional IPT system, main power source 1 produces line current from power supply Vin in main conductive path or circuit Lpt, and described main conductive path or circuit Lpt are magnetically coupled to secondary or electricity pickup winding L st.The output of electricity pickup circuit 2 can be connected to motor vehicle or other active/passive load, and in order to easy, it is represented by the DC power supply Vout in Fig. 1.Main circuit and electricity pickup circuit use almost identical electronic product to perform, be beneficial to the bidirectional power flow between power supply and vehicle (or electricity pickup), described electronic product comprises full-bridge converters and tuning coil-capacitance-inductance (LCL) circuit.Each LCL circuit is all tuned to the line frequency produced by power supply, and each full-bridge converters is all with identical line frequency, the direction depending on poower flow and with mode operation that is reverse or rectification.Voltage between main transducer and electricity pickup full-bridge converters and phase angle determine the size and Orientation as the poower flow described in disclosed international patent application WO2010/062198, disclosing by reference to being incorporated in herein of described patent application.

The comprehensive analysis that single phase bidirectional IPT system is carried out is occurred in WO2010/062198 together with experimental result with analog result.Show when it is to output supply 5kW in Fig. 2, the input current of 5kW single phase bidirectional IPT system and output current.Clearly, the input ripple current of this system and output ripple electric current are all very large, have influence on the power handling capacity of two-way IPT system.High ripple current substantially increases the loss of system, and may cause reducing of the battery life of EV.And when this system is made for being powered to multiple EV by independent main winding, all main windings are energized all simultaneously, even if some may not used.The energising of the winding do not used improves idling consumption.In addition, the main winding current of this system is very large, requires the expensive and link inductor of heaviness further and reduces the efficiency of system.

Alternatively, the present invention provides heterogeneous IPT system at least one embodiment, described IPT system produces low-down input ripple current and output ripple electric current, and is very suitable for mid power-the powerful unidirectional or two-way IPT application with multiple electricity pickup (EV and load).The system proposed comprises efficient mechanism, and the current/voltage of each main pad/winding of the main transducer of two-way/unidirectional IPT of described mechanism controls, the main transducer of described IPT is electrically connected to multiple main pad/winding.Example is included in the charge/discharge of EV and the dynamic charging of mobile EV at public charging fairground place, and this is at present only by using the main transducer of multiple full-bridge to realize, and the main transducer of each full-bridge is exclusively used in each main winding or EV.This needs a large amount of high-voltage switches, substantially increases the cost of this system.And the new heterogeneous IPT system proposed makes layout can have the magnetic coupling of the improvement between main winding and electricity pickup winding and the spatial tolerance of improvement or side direction tolerance.By relatively high magnetic coupling, new system can be run with lower line current, and does not reduce power throughput, which further improves whole efficiency.

First example: the system controlling multiple IPT main winding

As first example, Fig. 3 (a) and 3 (b) display are according to the IPT system of two similar embodiments of the present invention.IPT system shown in Fig. 3 (a) is made up of main power source and n main winding (Lpt, 1-Lpt, n), wherein said main power source with the form of half-bridge brachium pontis by n+1 Switch Controller (with reference to 10,11,12 ... n) make, each LCL compensating network that all uses in described main winding (Lpt, 1-Lpt, n) (comprises inductor Lpi, 1-Lpi, n, capacitor Cpt, 1-Cpt, n and main winding Lpt, 1-Lpt, n) compensate.In these main windings each all can with single electricity pickup 2 magnetic coupling, each described single electricity pickup 2 all has single electricity pickup winding (Lst, 1-Lst, n).In this example, each in electricity pickup winding controlled by its oneself controller (15-17), and described controller (15-17) can be two-way or unidirectional controller, and to its oneself load supplying.For convenience's sake, concrete load is not shown.Alternatively, load is represented by DC power supply (Vout, 1-Vout, n).First brachium pontis 10 of main transducer is in this embodiment common to all main windings (Lpt, 1-Lpt, n), and therefore, it is possible to the fully loaded rated current of process.The residue brachium pontis (11,12 of main transducer ... n) be controlled individually relative to the first brachium pontis 10, to control the electric current in corresponding main winding by being coupled selectively with power supply Vdc by respective winding.Such as, the electric current in Lpt2 main winding can by relative to by switch Ta, and 1 and Tb, 1 the first brachium pontis 10 formed controls by Ta, and 3 and Tb, the 3 half-bridge brachium pontis 12 formed are controlled.Switch Ta, 1, Tb, 1, Ta, 3 and Tb, 3 can use pulse width modulation (PWM) and be controlled, with control voltage Vpi, 2, thus the electric current maintaining the expectation in main winding Lpi2.But phase control is preferentially carried out, to minimize handoff loss and/or the peak current of this system, and by relative to by switch Ta, 1 and Tb, 1 generates square-wave voltage postpones by switch Ta in time, and 3 and Tb, 3 generate square-wave voltages performs.The phase angle of 0 ° is corresponding to the short circuit of Vpi striding across Vpi, and the phase angle of 180 ° corresponds to the maximum Vpi of application.Vpi。Similarly, at half-bridge brachium pontis 10 and by Ta, 1, Tb, the phase place between 1 and the n of Ta, n+1, Tb, n+1 formation can be controlled, to regulate at the n-th main winding Lpt, the electric current in n.Therefore, be beneficial to the comprehensively independent control of the electric current in each main winding of the IPT system using multiple winding in the topology shown in Fig. 3 (a), and there is no need for the special full-bridge inverter of each main winding.The main winding that this uses maintains no power.It also makes to can be used for each main winding to the independent control of power supply.

Preferably, in order to minimize the peak current in this system, each in main winding out of phase drives mutually.Particularly, each continuous main winding all preferably out of phase drives with 360 °/n.

Main power source of the present invention can be further adapted for and automatically detect the existence with each electricity pickup generally alignd in main winding, and/or detect the load of being supplied by electricity pickup the need of charging (or electric discharge), be all only just energized by when powering with the magnetic-coupled electricity pickup of respective main winding in load to make in multiple main winding each.This can be such as by the reflected load of sensing in respective main winding or obtained by radio communication.

(that is, keep no power) when one or more invalid in main winding, main power source can reconfigure each in main winding in electric current between phase angle.Such as, in the main power source with three effective main windings, normally 120 °, phase angle (360 °/n).But if a main winding is invalid, then remaining two main windings out of phase can run with 180 ° (that is, 360 °/n, wherein n is effective or the quantity of energising winding) mutually.

Therefore, any one or more in main winding are all energized by the power selectively with any combination, and to power to one or more electricity pickup, the winding of energising preferably out of phase drives (wherein with 360 °/n, n is the quantity of energising winding), to minimize peak current.Such as, if two main windings are energized, then selected winding can preferably out of phase drive with 180 ° mutually, if three main windings are energized, then selected winding preferably out of phase drives with 120 °.

Display alternative embodiments of the present invention in Fig. 3 (b).The main power source that this transducer is made up of n brachium pontis (20-n) and n main winding (Lpt, 1-Lpt, n) composition, described main winding (Lpt, 1-Lpt, n) use LCL network (inductor Lpi, 1-Lpi, n, capacitor Cpt, 1-Cpt, n and main winding Lpt, 1-Lpt, n) compensate.Each in these main windings all with electricity pickup 2 magnetic coupling or inductively can be coupled, and each main winding includes single electricity pickup winding (Lst, 1-Lst, n).Each by its oneself controller (such as, 15,16 in electricity pickup winding in this example, 17) control, described controller can be reversible controller or unidirectional controller, and to its oneself load (by Vout, 1-Vout, n+1 represent) power supply.Can run with staggered form with the Switch Controller of the form of half-bridge brachium pontis 20-n in this main power source, wherein each brachium pontis (20,21,22 ... n) (and being coupled to identical main winding) is run relative to thereon with the delayed phase of 360 °/n.Such as, if only there are three brachium pontis 20-22, then brachium pontis 21 can run with the delayed phase of 120 ° after brachium pontis 20.Like this, the phase place of the main winding current produced moves mutually.This operational mode makes the equal distribution of input ripple current that main transducer can be substantially less and the load current between brachium pontis run.But because half-bridge brachium pontis distributes between two main windings, the electric current therefore between each main winding is subject to the impact of the voltage generated by its adjacent half-bridge brachium pontis.Similarly, although the method can control the electric current in independent main winding individually, the controllability of these electric currents is subject to some restriction relative to the topology shown in Fig. 3 (a).Such as, main winding can in couples but can not be energized individually.

Second example: heterogeneous main winding and secondary winding

As second example, multiple main winding selectively can be coupled to the electricity pickup of the multiple electricity pickup windings had as shown in Fig. 4 (a).Fig. 4 (a) display has the system of multiple main winding as described above with reference to figure 3 (b).These are inductively coupled with single electricity pickup with multiple electricity pickup winding (Lst, 1-Lst, n+1), and described multiple electricity pickup winding (Lst, 1-Lst, n+1) controlled by single multiphase converter 25.This system such as can be used for charging to single car, such as, have the bus of multiple secondary coil or electricity pickup coil.

The present invention improves the power handling capability of IPT system in this application, minimizes consume simultaneously.N the half-bridge brachium pontis that n main winding is used in main transducer starts, and described half-bridge brachium pontis is to run with reference to figure 3 (b) interlace mode as above.Electricity pickup transducer 25 can be identical with main transducer.Selectively, main transducer and/or electricity pickup transducer can take the form for the above-mentioned main transducer of Fig. 3 (a), and the main winding wherein do not used/electricity pickup winding can maintain no power.

The quantity n of the half-bridge brachium pontis in electricity pickup transducer uses leading phase angle or lagging phase angle preferably to be driven, to control the poower flow between main winding and electricity pickup winding relative to the corresponding brachium pontis in master.Operating in following example of this system with three main windings and three electricity pickup windings is discussed in detail.

Although Fig. 4 (a) shows the single heterogeneous main winding be coupled with single heterogeneous electricity pickup, but can selectively comprise heterogeneous main winding according to IPT system of the present invention, described heterogeneous main winding is inductively coupled with multiple heterogeneous electricity pickup or inductively can be coupled, shown by illustrating in Fig. 4 (b).Although do not have shown in the drawings, this heterogeneous main winding can also be suitable for inductively being coupled with the combination of single-phase electricity pickup and heterogeneous electricity pickup.

3rd example: the two-way IPT system of three-phase

As the 3rd example, the mathematical analysis carried out together with the analog result of the three-phase IPT system with single three-phase electricity pickup shows, and the intensity of poower flow and direction can by being controlled with the relative phase or intensity modulated of the voltage produced by three phase converer simply.The performance of proposed three-phase IPT system and traditional single-phase IPT system are compared, result shows, superior performance of the present invention and for contactless, two-way and quick charge/application of electric discharge is attractive especially.Although referenced example described below relates to three-phase IPT system, those skilled in the art should understand, and the present invention is applicable to heterogeneous IPT system usually, namely has the system more than three phase places.And this system can construct and/or use as one-way system or bilateral system.

Three-phase IPT system according to an embodiment of the invention schematically shows in Figure 5.Be compared to the three-phase IPT system of the prior art be only made up of three-phase line and single-phase electricity pickup, this topology uses three-phase line and three-phase electricity pickup system, and efficiency that can be higher carries out unidirectional or two-way delivery of electrical energy between main winding and electricity pickup.

As shown in Figure 5, the LCL network that main winding is connected with the three-phase triangle of both balances of electricity pickup driven by the three phase converer comprising three Switch Controller taking half-bridge brachium pontis form.Inductor Lpt1 in main LCL network, Lpt2 and Lpt3 are three-phase main windings, and described three-phase main winding is magnetically coupled to three-phase electricity pickup winding L st1, Lst2 and Lst3.In order to be reduced at the analysis occurred in preceding sections, by M1, M2 and M3 represent respectively at Lpt1-Lst1, Lpt2-Lst2 and Lpt3-Lst3, between magnetic coupling supposition be equal.Master AC inductor Lpi1, Lpi2 and Lpi3 and electricity pickup side AC inductor Lsi1, Lsi2 and Lsi3 is selected to be matched with Lpt1 respectively, Lpt2 and Lpt3 and Lst1, Lst2 and Lst3.Line inductance and electricity pickup inductance are with line frequency ft, make electricity container Cpt1 respectively, Cpt2 and Cpt3 and Cst1, Cst2 and Cst3 compensate abreast.Main winding selectively can be connected with the star arrangement shown by Fig. 6 (b) with the LCL network of electricity pickup.But if the LCL network connected shown by Fig. 6 (a) is favourable, then wherein AC inductor Lpi1-Lpi3 and Lsi1-Lsi3 distributes between adjacent phase.Arrange with this, two AC inductors are connected by each phase place, and therefore the AC inductance of each phase place all only needs the half of the value being corresponding line/electricity pickup inductance.

The three-phase main winding being commonly called main conductive path or circuit can be the conductor arrangement extended can be maybe lumped system.Take to extend the form of arranging, wire (generally including Lpt) can be arranged on track or similar path or side, or to be arranged on such as floor surface or under.With this layout, electricity pickup can move along track or floor surface, receives the electric energy from main traverse line simultaneously.If use lumped system, then main path can take the form of such as one or more charging pad to arrange.Normally, the pad that charges is arranged on electricity pickup and can receives the single position of electric energy or a series of position.That discusses at this wherein uses in the example of three-phase system, and be provided with three-phase line or charging pad (comprising three main coils), this layout can allow the charging of moving vehicle.

The term " wire " used in whole specification and claims and " wire installation " are all potential physical form in order to comprise main traverse line and/or electricity pickup wire, described master and/or electricity pickup wire provide or receive for magnetic coupling or magnetic field inductively, and no matter they are " extension leads " or " circuit "; Or " lumped system ", " coil ", " inductor " and " pad "; Or be generally used in this magnetic field to describe other different term any of this wire or coupler.

The main transducer of this special three-phase IPT system and electricity pickup three phase converer controlled by the subsystem of two independent controllers.In one embodiment, each brachium pontis of three phase converer uses line frequency (ft) with 50% duty cycle but runs with the phase in-migration that the mode of the delayed Vpi1120 of Vpi2 ° and the advanced Vpi1120 of Vpi3 ° is carried out.

The three-phase system proposed can be controlled in many ways.Power output/the voltage/current of this system can by controlling voltage strength between main transducer and electricity pickup three phase converer or relative phase angle regulates.In this example, the phase place of Vsi1, Vsi2 and Vsi3 is respectively relative to Vpi1, the phase place of Vpi2 and Vpi3 is controlled, maintain intensity constant, to regulate the power output/voltage/current of electricity pickup unit, as shown by WO 2010/062198 simultaneously.Identical control can also by controlling between Ipt1 (or Ipt2 or Ipt3) and Ist1 (or Ist2 or Ist3), relative phase angle between Ipt1 (or Ipt2 or Ipt3) and Vsi1 (or Vsi2 or Vsi3) etc. obtains, and it is mainly linked to the phase angle difference between Vpi1 (or Vpi2 or Vpi3) and Vsi1 (or Vsi2 or Vsi3).If given unity power factor, then the phase place between Vpi1 and Vsi1 is fixed as by alternative control method ± 90 degree, and control Vpi1-Vpi3 or/and in both Vsi1-Vsi3 one/both intensity, with regulating power/voltage/current.Selection is in addition relative phase and the intensity of control Vpi1-Vpi3 and Vsi1-Vsi3.

There is many known technologies that can be used for carrying out voltage-regulation.Use simple PWM scheme to change the intensity of Vpi1-Vpi3 and Vsi1-Vsi3 at this example presented, to regulate electric current I pt1-Ipt3 and Ist1-Ist3, and therefore regulation output power/voltage/electric current.Illustrated in Fig. 7 (b), maximum voltage between lines in all three three phase places of three phase converer with the duty cycle of 50% and just acquisition when running with degree phase in-migration of 120 between phase place.Voltage between lines can be reduced, as Fig. 7 (c) is illustrated by the mark of these signals of introduction and pulse.

In order to control Vsi1 (or Vsi2 or Vsi3) is relative to the phase place of Vpi1 (or Vpi2 or Vpi3), in electricity pickup, need sensing apparatus or lazy-tongs.This can be obtained by diverse ways, some in the method in following description,

1, one or more sensing winding is used to sense the magnetic field generated by main winding.In practice, the partial magnetic generated by electricity pickup self may have influence on this and measure.Like this, use active or passive decoupling mechanism, to obtain main momentum flow vector.Be necessary to determine three phase places of electricity pickup and aliging of main winding.This can by monitoring that the voltage of electricity pickup obtains in initialization procedure;

2, the phase angle of main transducer is estimated by reflected voltage or induced voltage;

3, the phase angle of main transducer is estimated by short circuit current; Or

4, adopt frequency droop technology, described technology requires according to set meritorious and reactive power the operating frequency controlling electricity pickup.

Selectively, the phase angle of main winding can be communicated to electricity pickup by any known wired or wireless communication means.

The possible control structure that can be used for controlling main winding illustrates in Fig. 7 (d), and the controller that can be used in electricity pickup is presented in Fig. 7 (e).As illustrated in Fig. 7 (c), the pulse duration of the voltage generated by transducer brachium pontis can be modulated, to change the voltage being applied to main winding, and the line current during therefore to regulate in main winding each.At required line current (namely, " reference " to the master controller of Fig. 7 (d) inputs) and actual track electric current is (namely, " control signal " inputs) between mistake by the controller input of such as shown proportional and integral controller (PI), the output of controller is used to determine the modulation of each brachium pontis needing to be applied to main transducer.Similarly, the electricity pickup controller of Fig. 7 (e) passes through by the mistake between reference power level and measured power level by pi regulator transmission, and then determines to carry out regulation output power to be applied to the pulse width modulation on the brachium pontis of electricity pickup transducer and phase delay by (relative to the main transducer brachium pontis of correspondence).

It is evident that concerning the technical staff of electronics and embedded system engineering, master controller and electricity pickup controller can by electronic hardware, electronic software or their combination and particularly control system perform.Such as, control algolithm described herein and illustrated in Fig. 7 (d) and 7 (e) integrally or partly can be performed by the microprocessor of the step be programmed to execute a method described or similar techniques device.Once be programmed to perform specific function according to the order from the program software performing method of the present invention, this digital computing system is just special becomes special-purpose computer effectively for method of the present invention.Be necessary that the programming technique for this is well-known concerning the technical staff in computer and/or embedded system field.

The three-phase IPT system with the LCL network of balance proposed can have this system of the one phase equivalent circuit shown in Fig. 7 (a) by expression and be simplified.And analysis supposition main circuit represented below and electricity pickup both circuits are driven by the desirable sinusoidal voltage source with about following intensity:

$\left|V_{p1}\right|\≈\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\mathrm{\π}}{V}_{\mathrm{in}}---\left(1\right)$

$\left|V_{s1}\right|\≈\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\mathrm{\π}}{V}_{\mathrm{out}}---\left(2\right)$

Component value for the equivalent electric circuit of this specific embodiment (other embodiment may have different component values) is provided by following:

L _pt1＝L _pt2＝L _pt3＝L _pt(3)

L _pi1＝L _pi2＝L _pi3＝L _pt＝L _pi(4)

L _st1＝L _st2＝L _st3＝L _st(5)

L _si1＝L _si2＝L _si3＝L _st＝L _si(6)

M ₁＝M ₂＝M ₃＝M (7)

LCL both circuits in main winding and electricity pickup is tuned to line frequency (ft), and therefore (when being fully subject to compensating) is:

${\mathrm{\ω}}^2={\left(2\mathrm{\π}{f}_t\right)}^2=\frac{1}{L_{\mathrm{pt}}{C}_{\mathrm{pt}}}=\frac{1}{L_{\mathrm{pi}}{C}_{\mathrm{pt}}}=\frac{1}{L_{\mathrm{st}}{C}_{\mathrm{st}}}=\frac{1}{L_{\mathrm{si}}{C}_{\mathrm{st}}}---\left(8\right)$

The electric current flowed in link inductor Lpt is provided by following subsequently:

$I_{\mathrm{pt}}=-\frac{V_{p1}}{\mathrm{\ω}{L}_{\mathrm{pt}}}---\left(9\right)$

Owing to there is magnetic coupling between circuit and electricity pickup, therefore voltage is sensed with Ipt in electricity pickup inductor, and Ipt can be represented as:

V _sr＝jωM I _pt(10)

The output current of electricity pickup is provided by following:

$I_{\mathrm{si}}=\frac{M{I}_{\mathrm{pt}}}{L_{\mathrm{si}}}=-j\frac{M}{L_{\mathrm{si}}}\frac{V_{p1}}{\mathrm{\ω}{L}_{\mathrm{st}}}---\left(11\right)$

The power output of electricity pickup can by (1), and (2) and (11) calculate:

$P_o=-\frac{M}{\mathrm{\ω}{L}_{\mathrm{st}}{L}_{\mathrm{si}}}\frac{18}{{\mathrm{\π}}^2}{V}_{\mathrm{out}}{V}_{\mathrm{in}}\sin \left(\mathrm{\θ}\right)---\left(12\right)$

Wherein, θ is the phase place of the Vsl relative to Vpl.

By equation (12), be apparent that, maximum power transmission occurs when phase angle theta is ± 90 °.Leading phase angle forms the delivery of electrical energy from electricity pickup to circuit, and lagging phase angle makes delivery of electrical energy from circuit to electricity pickup simultaneously.Therefore, for given input voltage and output voltage, the amount of the poower flow between circuit and electricity pickup and direction can be regulated by the intensity or phase angle controlling the voltage generated by three phase converer.

Analog result-steady operation

Be suitable for simulating in MATLABSimulinkTM the 5kW three-phase IPT system shown in Figure 5 of electric vehicle charging, result is presented at following.

The master of this system is by the Power supply of 330V, and electricity pickup is connected to the 250V battery representing EV.The design parameter of this system provides in the following table 1.

Show the analog voltage between the main line of the IPT system proposed and electricity pickup and electric current in fig. 8.Three half-bridges of main electricity pickup with 50% duty cycle and run with ° phase in-migration of 120 between which, to produce 20kHz in main line inductor Lpt1-Lpt3, the balanced three-phase current of 50A.Be regarded as three main voltages between lines (Vpl1=Vpi1-Vpi2) of " phase place A " only one show in fig. 8.As shown in drawings, the maximum voltage between lines of gained reduces due to the overlap of 30 ° between the voltage that generates at three half-bridges by three phase converer business.Vpl2 is identical with Vpl3 and Vpl1 for line voltage, but relative to correspondingly mobile 120 ° and 240 °, Vpl1 phase place.Electricity pickup three phase converer also drives in a similar fashion, and has the phase shift of 90 ° relative to the corresponding phase of this main line.Like this, in electricity pickup inductor Lst1-Lst3 gained current hysteresis after corresponding 90 °, main line electric current.In this case and according to equation (12), IPT system provides 5kW to output loading.Main line electric current given by equation (9) and electricity pickup line current independent of loading, and by circuit parameter fix.But, in practice, line current load due to consume and component tolerance and increase time minimizing.Therefore, voltage between lines needs to regulate, to maintain constant line current.When 5kW being transferred to this output, input current and the output current of this system illustrate in fig .9.As shown in the drawing, the input ripple current produced by proposed three-phase IPT system is relative with output ripple electric current little, and peak current minimizes when each circuit all out of phase drives.And can observe, the frequency of ripple current is three times of line frequency.This is one of major advantage of proposed three-phase system, because which raises system effectiveness to eliminate needs to filtering ripple simultaneously.

Table 1: the parameter of single-phase IPT system and three-phase IPT system

Parameter	Single-phase	Three-phase
			V in	330V	330V
V out	250V	250V
			Coupling (k)	0.15	0.15
L pi/L pi1＝L pi2＝L pi3	18μH	40μH
			L pt/L pt1＝L pt2＝L pt3	18μH	40μH
C pt/C pt1＝C pt2＝C pt3	3.5μF	1.6μF
			L si/L si1＝L si2＝L si3	18μH	40μH
L st/L st1＝L st2＝L st3	18μH	40μH
			C st/C st1＝C st2＝C st3	3.5μF	1.6μF

According to equation (12), the power throughput of transducer can by changing relative phase angle between main transducer and electricity pickup side three phase converer or by changing voltage between lines to regulate.The power output of IPT system is in this example regulated by the phase angle controlled between main transducer and electricity pickup three phase converer.The power throughput of electricity pickup can be reduced by the difference θ reduced between two three phase converer.When θ reduces to 30 °, the voltage and current of system, at Figure 10, shows in 11.As shown in figure 11, the power output of system is reduced to about 2.5kW according to equation (12).The average current input reduced and output current also reflect the minimizing of the power throughput of system.But as shown in Figure 10, principal current and electricity pickup line current remain constant substantially, but the delayed phase between the principal current and electricity pickup electric current of correspondence reduces to 30 ° from 90 °.

The direction of the poower flow between main line and electricity pickup can be reversed by driving the electricity pickup side three phase converer with lagging phase angle.The electricity pickup of three-phase IPT system drives with 90 ° of lagging phase angles relative to primary side three phase converer, and analog result shows in Figure 12 and Figure 13.As shown in figure 13, now, about 5kW is sent to the main line of IPT system by electricity pickup.As a result, compared with Fig. 8, now, sense of current reversing.

Principal voltage when 5kW is sent to load by it of the three-phase system of prior art and electricity pickup voltage show in figures 14 and 15.As shown in figure 14, compared with three-phase system, principal current and the electricity pickup line current of single phase system are very large.Coupling between the main line of three-phase system and single phase system and electricity pickup is equal.But be compared to single phase system, three-phase system uses three main lines being coupled to three electricity pickup inductor coils, and therefore needs low-down line current to transmit 5kW.And, as illustrated in Figure 15, the input ripple current of single phase system and output ripple electric current greatly higher with about twice of the ripple current generated by three-phase system.

When two unit provide 5kW to output, in following Table II, provide comparing between three-phase system with single phase system.From then on relatively more visible, the I/O ripple current of three-phase system and line current greatly reduce, and therefore determine the advantage of three-phase of the present invention to three phase embodiment.It is also envisaged that two systems utilize the ferrite of roughly equal quantity, because the magnetic energy of two systems (Li2) is similar.In addition, the total compensation capacitance used by single phase system and three-phase system is roughly the same.

Table II: comparing between single-phase IPT system with three-phase IIPT system

Parameter	Single-phase	Three-phase
			Efficiency	81％	85％
Switch	8	12
			Building-out capacitor	7μF	9.6μF
Primary input ripple current	34A to-28A	6A to 16A
			Electricity pickup output ripple electric current	20A to-40A	-15A to-21A
Main AC inductor Li 2	21mJ	18mJ
			Electricity pickup AC inductor Li 2	41mJ	41mJ
Main line electric current	150Arms	57Arms
			Electricity pickup line current	110Arms	43(a)rms
Main line Li 2	720mJ	780mJ
			Electricity pickup circuit Li 2	390mJ	444mJ

As known from the above, the invention provides several heterogeneous two-way IPT system and the transducer relative to prior art with several advantage.In at least some execution mode, the invention provides heterogeneous IPT power supply, described heterogeneous IPT power supply controls each winding independently, and when load request charges, can be powered (or vice versa) to multiple unicoil electricity pickup with the efficiency improved by each main traverse line that is energized individually, and there is no need for the special full-bridge inverter of each main traverse line.In other embodiments, the invention provides heterogeneous IPT system and heterogeneous main transducer and heterogeneous transducer, described heterogeneous IPT system and transducer are particularly suitable for the high power applications needing wireless power transmission, and also have is not needing the independent control to each winding under full-bridge inverter simultaneously.Heterogeneous IPT system uses both polyphase circuits topology being used for main winding and electricity pickup, and can be transmitted electric energy by loose magnetic coupling in two directions and minimized peak current.Result display propose heterogeneous IPT system in performance, be better than existing IPT system, and be desirable for the high power applications of the EV such as needing quick charge.

Conveniently, in whole specification and claims, term " power supply " and " load " is all used by reference to the unidirectional power stream of the output from main line to electricity pickup.But, due to the bidirectional power flow flowed in any one direction during system can be easy to be applicable to make electric energy in two directions, therefore " load " can comprise power supply in this case, " power supply " can dissipate from the one or more electric energy in electricity pickup.Therefore, in the context of two-way IPT system, usually can be described to power supply/electric energy both " power supply " and " load " dissipate.But term " power supply/electric energy dissipates " is not interpreted as limiting two-way IPT system.That is, " power supply/electric energy dissipate " can be any one or two during power supply or electric energy dissipate, but unnecessary be two.

Term " IPT transducer " used in detail in the claims refers to main IPT power supply/main transducer or secondary transducer/electricity pickup transducer.Like this, IPT transducer can be coupled separately with other IPT device, the another one of described IPT device normally in power supply or electricity pickup transducer.

Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, otherwise, in whole specification, word " comprises (comprise) " and " comprising (comprising) " etc. all explains with the meaning comprised, and non-excluded or the meaning of limit, that is, with the meaning of " including, but are not limited to ".

Although the present invention by way of example and describe with reference to its possible embodiment, it should be understood that and can modify to it or improve, and do not deviate from scope of the present invention.The present invention can also broadly relate to part, element and feature, and described part, element and feature, with any one in them or all combinations, are pointed out individually or jointly or indicate in the specification of the application.And when mentioning the specific components of the present invention or integer with known equivalents, then this equivalent is herein incorporated, as what propose individually.

Any discussion of the prior art in whole specification all can not be considered as admitting that this prior art is by known widely, or the part of the common practise of formation this area.

Claims (35)

1. polyphase induction delivery of electrical energy (IPT) system, it comprises:

Main power source, described main power source comprises multiple main traverse line, and described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to provide or to receive the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission; And

At least one electricity pickup, described electricity pickup comprises one or more electricity pickup wire, each in described one or more electricity pickup wire all can run individually selectively, with with described main traverse line magnetic coupling, thus control the delivery of electrical energy between the load that maybe can be coupled at described main power source and being coupled with respective electricity pickup.

2. heterogeneous IPT system according to claim 1, any one or more in wherein said multiple main traverse line are run all selectively, to provide required magnetic field.

3., according to heterogeneous IPT system according to claim 1 or claim 2, each in wherein said multiple main traverse line all only just runs by when powering with the magnetic-coupled electricity pickup of respective main traverse line in load.

4., according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claims 1 to 3 described in any one, wherein all out of phase run with 360 °/n in each described main traverse line, wherein n is the quantity of described main traverse line.

5. heterogeneous IPT system according to claim 3, wherein each described main traverse line all out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity running main traverse line.

6., according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 5 described in any one, each in wherein said main traverse line is all coupled to power supply, individually selectively to control the alternating current in respective main traverse line.

7. according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 6 described in any one, wherein said main power source comprises multiple Switch Controller further, power supply is coupled at least one main traverse line by each described Switch Controller all selectively, thus each main traverse line all by pair of switches to being coupled to described power supply, described switch is controlled individually, with the alternating current during to control in described main traverse line each.

8. heterogeneous IPT system according to claim 7, each alternating current wherein in described main traverse line is controlled by the phase angle that controls between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.

9. according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 8 described in any one, wherein said system is two-way, and electric energy can be sent at least one electricity pickup described selectively from described main power source, or vice versa.

10., according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 9 described in any one, be wherein controlled by the described phase angle controlled relative to the alternating current in described electricity pickup wire of the alternating current in respective main traverse line at described main power source and the delivery of electrical energy separately between electricity pickup.

11. according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 9 described in any one, described phase angle between respective alternating current wherein in described main traverse line and described electricity pickup wire regulates with ± 90 °, and the delivery of electrical energy between described power supply and described load is controlled by controlling the intensity of the described alternating current in described main traverse line and/or described electricity pickup wire.

12. according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 11 described in any one, it comprises the electricity pickup with multiple electricity pickup wires, a magnetic coupling in each described electricity pickup wire and described multiple main traverse line or can magnetic coupling, to receive the heterogeneous electric energy from described main power source.

13. heterogeneous IPT systems according to claim 12, wherein said electricity pickup comprises multiple Switch Controller further, each described Switch Controller all selectively by load coupling at least one electricity pickup wire, thus each electricity pickup wire all by pair of switches to being coupled to described load, and described Switch Controller is controlled individually, to control the delivery of electrical energy between each and described load in described electricity pickup wire.

14. heterogeneous IPT systems according to claim 13, the delivery of electrical energy between each and described load wherein in described electricity pickup wire is controlled by the phase angle that controls between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.

15. according to claim 12 to the heterogeneous IPT system in 14 described in any one, and wherein said electricity pickup comprises multiple quantitatively equal with described multiple main traverse line electricity pickup wire.

16. according to the heterogeneous IPT system in claim 1 to 11 described in any one, it comprises one or more electricity pickup, each described electricity pickup includes single electricity pickup wire, any one magnetic coupling in described single electricity pickup wire and described multiple main traverse line or can magnetic coupling.

17. heterogeneous IPT systems according to claim 1, wherein said main power source be automatically suitable for inductively powering to:

One or more electricity pickup comprising multiple electricity pickup wire; And/or

Each one or more electricity pickups comprising single electricity pickup wire.

18. 1 kinds of polyphase induction delivery of electrical energy (IPT) transducers, it comprises multiple wire, and described wire can run individually selectively, to provide or to accept the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission.

19. IPT transducers according to claim 18, wherein each described wire all out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity of wire.

20. heterogeneous IPT systems according to claim 18, wherein each described wire all out of phase runs with 360 °/n, and wherein n is the quantity running wire.

21. according to claim 18 to the heterogeneous IPT transducer in 20 described in any one, it comprises multiple Switch Controller further, each described Switch Controller all individually selectively by least one conductive lines to power supply/power sink, wherein each described wire is all coupled to described power supply/power sink by Switch Controller described in a pair, and described Switch Controller is controllable individually, with the alternating current during to control in described wire each.

22. IPT transducers according to claim 21, the alternating current in each wherein in described wire is controlled by the phase angle that controls between the Switch Controller right separately that is coupled at it.

23. according to claim 21 or IPT transducer according to claim 22, wherein said multiple Switch Controller comprises and each shared Switch Controller in described multiple wire, and be eachly all coupled to each in described multiple wire and relative to described common switch to the multiple other Switch Controller be controlled individually, to control the electric current in corresponding lead.

24. according to claim 21 or IPT transducer according to claim 22, wherein said multiple Switch Controller each all by two conductive lines to described power supply, and described Switch Controller runs in the mode staggered with delayed phase in-between.

25. according to claim 18 to the heterogeneous IPT transducer in 22 or 24 described in any one, and wherein each of multiple described wire all only just runs when being inductively coupled with the IPT device in use.

26. IPT transducers according to any one in claim 21 to 25, it comprises three wires and three Switch Controller, and each described wire is all coupled with triangle or star structure.

27. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer in 26 described in any one, and each energising in wherein said wire all can be controlled independent of other.

28. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer in 27 described in any one, and the electric current in each wherein in described wire and/or voltage all can be controlled individually.

29. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer described in any one in 23, and wire described in wherein one or more can be energized other wire one or more keeps cold while.

30. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer described in any one in 29, and wherein each described wire includes a part for LCL compensating network.

31. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer described in any one in 30, and any one or more in wherein said multiple wire can be energized simultaneously.

32. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer described in any one in 23, the quantity of the wire be wherein simultaneously energized and combination based on use in the quantity of electricity pickup wire that is inductively coupled of IPT device and select.

33. according to claim 18 to the IPT transducer described in any one in 32, and wherein said transducer comprises one in IPT power supply or IPT electricity pickup.

34. 1 kinds of induction electric energy transmission (IPT) power supplys, it comprises multiple main traverse line, described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to provide or to receive the magnetic field for induction electric energy transmission, single electricity pickup and each one or more electricity pickups including single electricity pickup wire that wherein said power supply is automatically suitable for comprising multiple electricity pickup wire are inductively powered.

35. 1 kinds of induction electric energy transmission (IPT) power supplys, it comprises multiple main traverse line, described main traverse line can run individually selectively, to be provided for the magnetic field of induction electric energy transmission to each one or more electricity pickups including at least one electricity pickup wire, wherein said main traverse line out of phase runs, and the quantity of phase place based on use in the quantity of electricity pickup wire that is inductively coupled of described main traverse line and select.