CN104838462B - Device for switching direct current in pole of direct current network - Google Patents
Device for switching direct current in pole of direct current network Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104838462B CN104838462B CN201280077562.5A CN201280077562A CN104838462B CN 104838462 B CN104838462 B CN 104838462B CN 201280077562 A CN201280077562 A CN 201280077562A CN 104838462 B CN104838462 B CN 104838462B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- switch
- equipment
- inductance component
- current
- current path
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
- H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
- H01H9/542—Contacts shunted by static switch means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/2823—Wires
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/29—Terminals; Tapping arrangements for signal inductances
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/14—Inductive couplings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle
- H01H33/596—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the ac cycle for interrupting dc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H2201/00—Contacts
- H01H2201/008—Both contacts movable
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/548—Electromechanical and static switch connected in series
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Power Conversion In General (AREA)
- Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a device (1) for switching a direct current in a pole (4) of a direct current network having two connecting terminals (2, 3) to be connected in series with the pole (4), an operating current branch (5) extending between the connecting terminals (2, 3), in which there is arranged at least one mechanical switch (7), a shutdown branch (6), in which a power switching unit (9) is arranged that is equipped to shut down high short-circuit currents and has power semiconductor switches (14) that can be switched on and off, and commutation means (8, 18, 19, 20, 29) for commutating the current from the operating current path (5) to the shutdown path (6). In order to provide such a device which is economical, generates fewer losses and at the same time is able to switch high short-circuit currents quickly, the commutation means (8, 18, 19, 20, 29), according to the invention, have at least one inductive component (8, 18, 19, 29).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment for extremely middle switching DC current in direct current network, have：For with
Two binding posts that the pole is connected in series；The fortune with least one mechanical switch extended between the binding post
Row current branch；It is disposed with the power semiconductor switch that can be switched on and off and is configured to disconnect big failure electricity
The disconnected branches of the power switch unit of stream；And for electric current to be commutated to the commutation portion of disconnected branches from running current path
Part.
Background technology
This equipment is known for example from WO2011/057675A1.There is shown with DC voltage switch have with organic
The running current path of tool switch and the disconnected branches being connected in parallel with running current path.Power is arranged in disconnected branches
The series circuit of semiconductor switch, the power semiconductor switch respectively with a fly-wheel diode reverse parallel connection.By power half
Conductor is switched and the switch element differential concatenation ground of fly-wheel diode composition is arranged, wherein power semiconductor switch series connection can be disconnected
Arrangement, and opened for one corresponding power semiconductor with opposite conductivity direction of each power semiconductor switch setting
Close.The electric current in the both direction in disconnected branches can be interrupted by this way.Additionally, being arranged in running current path
There is the active commutation part of electron assistant switch form.By running current path and thus running current in normal operation
Flowed by the mechanical switch for closing, because the power semiconductor switch of disconnected branches is the resistance for improving for DC current.
In order to interrupt the short circuit current for example as fault current, electron assistant switch is transformed into its rest position.Thus in operation
Resistance in current path increases, so that during DC current commutates to disconnected branches.Quickly thus machinery disconnect switch may be used
Disconnected with by no current.The short circuit current conducted by disconnected branches can be interrupted by power semiconductor switch now.
In the direct current network, energy to be reduced in switching is stored in order to absorb, there is provided discharger, its work(with disconnected branches
Rate semiconductor switch is connected in parallel.
In addition to this active power electronic commutating device, DC voltage switch is also described, wherein, due to being arranged in
The arc voltage of the mechanical switch in running current path and carry out the commutation of total current.It is known that the power electricity in disconnected branches
Subassembly can provide active commutation.Here, power electronic component is in the loop formed by running current path and disconnected branches
It is middle to produce the loop current opposite with the running current or fault current in running current path.Phase is being carried out to power semiconductor
During the control answered, the two electric currents are superposed to zero in the switch, so as to switch can be disconnected by no current.It is active for this
Commutation, power semiconductor switch must very fast provide big power, because in case of a short circuit, electric current is gone up very fast
Rise.
The content of the invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment of aforementioned type, its low cost,
The loss of generation is small, while rapidly switching major break down electric current.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by the part that commutates with least one inductance component.
According to the present invention, the feelings for supporting the electric current for for example being triggered due to short circuit to rise using inductance element or part
Commutation under condition.In normal operation, total running current flows via mechanical switch completely at steady state, because disconnected
Pay wages in the power electronics devices on road, when there is electric current flowing, producing ratio in mechanical switch in itself and series connection with it when needed
Significantly larger voltage drop in the inductance component of connection.In order to quickly reach electric current via running current path flow it is this
Desired stable state, it is also possible to which power electronics devices are controlled to ohmic state high.In other words, power switch list can be made
The power semiconductor switch of unit is transformed into its rest position, so that running current or load current are reliably passed via operating path
It is defeated.
Additionally, when being short-circuited on according to the direction of current flow of equipment of the invention, in running current path
The constant load current of middle flowing flows also in running current path.But opened with power by small compared with power network inductance
The inductance of the inductance compared to big inductance component of unit is closed, makes steepness main by power network inductance L automaticallyNThe fault current of determination turns
To in disconnected branches.Therefore, within the scope of the invention, as a part for power switch unit or as running current
What the power electronics devices of the auxiliary switch in path again need not be disconnected load current and fault current from each together
In commutating to power switch unit in mechanical switch, and only load current is commutated to from the mechanical switch that each to be disconnected
In power switch unit.
According at least two inductance components that a kind of preferable configuration, setting are coupled each other perceptually.By being arranged in switch
Different branch in inductance component it is inductive coupled, commutation can be better achieved.Furthermore it is possible to suppress the electricity via switch
Stream flowing, therefore, it is possible to almost disconnect mechanical switch in the case where active commutation is not used no current.
Advantageously, in addition to inductance component, commutation part also includes controllable power semiconductor switch, its at least portion
It is configured to create backward voltage with dividing, it suppresses the fault current in the mechanical switch to be disconnected.Further below will be more detailed
This active commutation part of ground description.Due to inductance component, can be with the active commutation part of low-cost construction.
According to a kind of suitable construction related to this, controllable power semiconductor switch has at least one to be arranged in fortune
IGCT in row current path.Within the scope of the invention, IGCT is combined with regulation or control unit.The control is single
Unit for example ensures that when power network normally runs rated current can flow via IGCT along the direction that each needs.Therefore, example
Such as IGCT is persistently triggered.However, in case of a failure, IGCT suppresses via the mechanical switch to be disconnected
Undesirable electric current flowing.This can be carried out by suitable control.Desirably, with each IGCT cloth in parallel
Put surge arrester or other overvoltage protective devices.
According to the first variation of the invention, two mechanical switch are disposed with running current path, wherein, bypass electricity
Extend in the parallel circuit in running current path of the stream branch road between binding post, equally arranged in by-pass current branch road
There are two mechanical switch and/or two power semiconductors, wherein, disconnected branches are arranged in mechanical switch by running current path
Between middle branch potential point and by-pass current loop be arranged between mechanical switch or power semiconductor in the middle of branch
Road potential point connection.According to the advantageous extension scheme, so-called H circuits are set, it is changed equipped with inductance component for support
To.In so-called H bridges, electric current flows preferably via running current path.Certainly, in principle, so-called H bridges is full symmetric
Construction it is also possible.In the case of symmetrical construction, running current can not only flow via running current path, and
And can fifty-fifty be flowed via by-pass current branch road.H circuits have the advantages that independently of the sense of current on switch, the electricity
Stream is always diverted into middle branch to switch over.Then, arrangement power switch unit there is allowed for electricity
Stream is switched to only according to a direction.In case of a short circuit, inductance component not only supports running current but also supports short circuit electricity
The commutation in disconnected branches is flowed to, the disconnection of electric current is carried out there.
Desirably, each inductance component is arranged in the middle branch potential point in running current path and switch
Between, and/or be arranged between in the middle branch potential point of by-pass current branch road and switch or power semiconductor.
According to a suitable expansion scheme related to this, at least one inductance component is arranged in disconnected branches, and
And perceptual with least one inductance component in running current path and/or by-pass current path couple.
In a variation different from H circuits of the invention, running current path can be disconnected branch road bridge joint.According to
The advantageous extension scheme, only has two each other according to equipment of the invention, i.e. according to direct-voltage power of the invention switch
The branch road of parallel laying, i.e. running current path and its disconnected branches are bridged at least in part.Commutation part is with inductance department
During the form of part is arranged in running current path, in disconnected branches and/be arranged in binding post and running current when needed
Between branch point between path and disconnected branches.
Advantageously, at least one inductance component is arranged in the section of the be disconnected branch road bridge joint in running current path
In.In normal operation, load current flows via the running current path that inductance component is arranged therein.Because electric current does not have
Change, therefore the not induced potential in inductance component.On the direction of the running current seen according to equipment of the invention
When being short-circuited, electric current rapid increase.The steepness of rising is determined by the inductance of the direct current network for being connected again.On electric current suddenly
Rise and voltage is produced in inductance component, during it ensures for short circuit current to commutate to disconnected branches.Only a fraction of short circuit current is also
Via the running current bypass flow including switching.In order to during it also to commutate to disconnected branches, such as power switch unit
Power electronics devices can produce voltage, the ring that its section in the running current path bridged by disconnected branches and by it is constituted
The electric current opposite with the running current in the mechanical switch to be disconnected is driven in road.This ensures to produce current over-zero in the switch
Point, so that it being capable of no current ground disconnection as far as possible.Therefore, it is to avoid the formation of electric arc or electric arc can rapidly extinguish.
According to a different variation related to this of the invention, inductance component is arranged in binding post with operation electricity
Between branch point between flow path and disconnected branches, and be arranged in be disconnected branch road bridging running current path area
Section in or disconnected branches in itself in another inductance component couple perceptually.According to the advantageous extension scheme of the invention, no
It is, using only single inductance, i.e. single inductance component, but to use each other perceptual the multiple inductance components for coupling.Especially
Ground, the yoke that these inductance components are made via ferromagnetic material, such as iron core or iron yoke or by other ferromagnetic materials is each other
Coupling.Here, running current flows through in inductance component all the time.Another inductance component is only located in two current paths
One in, i.e., in running current path or in disconnected branches.Due to this arrangement, within the scope of the invention
Further advantage can be realized.Therefore, as also will be described in detail here, in this construction of the invention, merely due to
Inductance component can be carried out electric current from running current path to disconnected branches in commutation completely.
Advantageously, each branch point between each binding post and running current path and disconnected branches it
Between be disposed with inductance component, itself and be arranged in running current path or in disconnected branches another inductance component perception ground coupling
Close.
According to an advantageous extension scheme, the inductance component for coupling each other perceptually have direction of winding reciprocal around
Group.According to the advantageous extension scheme, the magnetic flux produced by inductance component can cancel each other in for the core for being coupled,
So as on preferably one direction, i.e. for example via the electric current flowing of turn-off current branch road.This significantly supports commutation.
Here, for example desirably, the quantity of two windings of the inductance component for coupling is identical each other perceptually.
Unlike this, two quantity of the winding of the inductance component for coupling each other perceptually are different.According to the variation, can
To produce loop current in the loop that the section in the running current path bridged by disconnected branches and by it is formed, it ensures
Running current produces current zero-crossing point in path.Therefore, mechanical switch almost can disconnect on no current ground.
According to a kind of preferable configuration of the invention, power switch unit is included with least one power semiconductor switch
The series circuit of the two poles of the earth submodule and the part for reducing the energy discharged in switch.Within the range, the structure of submodule
It is essentially arbitrary to make.Therefore, each submodule for example can only have a power semiconductor that can be switched on and off to open
Close, its can reverse-conducting or its be connected in antiparallel with a fly-wheel diode.
However, within the scope of the invention, preferably each submodule has the energy accumulator and and energy stores of oneself
The power semiconductor circuits that device is connected in parallel, energy is dropped to so as to be produced on two binding posts of each submodule
Voltage or no-voltage on memory.Power semiconductor circuits can form so-called full-bridge electricity with corresponding energy accumulator
Road or half-bridge circuit.In full-bridge circuit, using four power semiconductor switch that can be switched on and off, such as IGBT,
GTO, IGCT etc..Four power semiconductor switch are arranged in two series circuits being made up of two power semiconductor switch respectively
In.Each in the series circuit is connected in parallel with energy accumulator, wherein, a submodule binding post is connected to
Potential point between the power semiconductor switch of one series circuit, the second submodule binding post is connected to the second series circuit
Potential point between power semiconductor switch.Therefore, it can be produced on two submodule binding posts and drop to energy stores
Voltage, no-voltage or backward energy memory voltage on device.
In half-bridge circuit, two power semiconductor switch are provided only with, it is arranged in single series circuit, itself and energy
Amount memory is connected in parallel.One submodule binding post is also connected between the power semiconductor switch of the series circuit
Potential point.Second submodule binding post is directly connected to a pole of energy accumulator.Therefore, it can in submodule terminals
The voltage or no-voltage dropped on energy accumulator are produced on son.
In the suitable construction of another kind of the invention, commutation part only has inductance component.Due to the advantageous extension side
Case, can completely abandon power electronic, i.e. active commutation part.Certainly, it is only electric when there is the failure with sufficiently large di/dt
During stream i, the switching according to the advantageous extension scheme can be just used.Cannot switch by the commutation part for being based only upon inductance component
Running current.
Brief description of the drawings
Other suitable constructions of the invention and advantage are in the description below with reference to accompanying drawing to embodiments of the invention
Hold, wherein identical reference represents the part and wherein of phase same-action：
Fig. 1 schematically shows the first embodiment according to equipment of the invention,
Fig. 2 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 3 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 4 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 5 schematically shows the schematic diagram of current curve,
Fig. 6 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention,
Fig. 7 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention, and
Fig. 8 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention, and
Fig. 9 is schematically shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment according to equipment of the invention 1, and it has two binding posts 2 and 3, and equipment 1 is led to
Cross the pole 4, in other words that the two binding posts 2 and 3 are connected in series to the direct current network not shown further in figure
In one wire.The pole 4 has the power network inductance L for schematically showing in Fig. 1N。
Equipment 1 has the running current path 5 for being disconnected the bridge joint of branch road 6.Fast quick-break is disposed with running current path 5
The mechanical switch 7 opened and with inductance L3Inductance component 8.Inductance component 8 is, for example, coil or choke coil.In disconnected branches
Power switch unit 9 is disposed with 6, it has the series circuit being made up of the two poles of the earth submodule 10, illustrate only in Fig. 1 wherein
A submodule 10.
Each submodule 10 have energy accumulator 11, its with opened by two power semiconductors that can be switched on and off respectively
Two series circuits 12 and 13 for closing 14, such as IGBT, IGCT or GTO composition are connected in parallel.Each power semiconductor switch 14
It is connected in antiparallel with a fly-wheel diode 15.First submodule binding post 16 is connected to the power of the first series circuit 12
Potential point between semiconductor switch 14, and the second submodule binding post 17 is connected to the power half of the second series circuit 13
Potential point between conductor switch 14.Therefore, can be produced on the submodule binding post 16 and 17 and drop to energy and deposit
Reservoir, here it is condenser voltage Uc on capacitor 11, no-voltage or reciprocal capacitance device voltage-Uc.
Additionally, power switch unit 9 is included in the discharger not shown in figure, for deriving what is discharged when being switched
Energy.If the power semiconductor switch 14 of control submodule 10 so that produce zero electricity on submodule binding post 16 and 17
Pressure, then can flow through DC current on whole power switch unit 9.However, the power semiconductor being connected in series due to multiple
13rd, 14 Ohmic resistance, produces so big voltage drop so that when mechanical switch 7 is closed on power switch unit 9,
Only DC current is flowed through on running current path 5.
In the embodiment illustrated in fig. 1, electric current flows from binding post 2 to binding post 3 from left to right, i.e..If
There is short circuit on the direction of the electric current flowing behind equipment 1, then cause the electric current flowed on running current path 5 steep
So rise.The change of the magnetic flux in the inductance component 8 for thus bringing induced potential in inductance component 8, it ensures short-circuit electricity
During stream commutates to turn-off current branch road 6 from running current path 5.Inductance component 8 has inductance L3, itself and power network inductance LNCompare
It is small, however it is big compared with the inductance of power switch unit 9.Even if however, additionally, in a short-circuit situation in running current path 5
In also flow through constant load current.Controlled accordingly by power switch unit 9, as long as in power switch unit 9
Voltage as upper generation so that flow through loop current in the loop formed by running current path 5 and disconnected branches, its
It is opposite with running current and the short circuit current component for flowing there and ensure total current through zero crossing in mechanical switch 7, together
During the load current can be commutated to disconnected branches by sample.Then mechanical switch 7 can almost be disconnected with no current.Therefore, by
In inductance component 8, the power needed for producing current zero-crossing point in mechanical switch 7 by power electronics devices 9 is substantially reduced.
Fig. 2 shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention 1, its with figure 1 illustrates embodiment not
It is that commutation part has two inductance components 18 and 19, is also substantially configured to coil or choke coil both it with part.Inductance department
Part 18 be arranged in one 2 the first branch point 20 and running current path 5 and turn-off current branch road 6 between in binding post it
Between.Another inductance component 19 is only located in disconnected branches 6.It can be seen that, inductance component 18 and 19 by by ferromagnetic material, this
In the core 21 that is made for iron couple each other perceptually.Part 19 has the direction of winding opposite with the direction of winding of part 18.Change
Sentence is talked about, and inductance component 18 and 19 has opposite direction of winding.
Here, the quantity of two windings of inductance component 18,19 can be with identical.As shown in fig. 2 from a left side
In the case of the constant load current for flowing to the right, the inductance of inductance component 18 and 19 does not work.However, due to power switch
Voltage drop on unit 9, constant load current flows on running current path 5.Certainly, under this normal condition, machinery
Switch 7 is closed.In case of a short circuit, electric current is produced to rise in the direction of current flow behind equipment 1, di/dt is more than zero.
If the electric current of the change does not flow only through inductance component 18 and flows through inductance component 19, the electric current produces magnetic flux change,
It is offset in the core 21 of coupling inductance part 18 and 19.Therefore, for the electric current, almost no inductance works.Phase
Instead, the electric current for being flowed on running current path flows only through the inductance component 18 with inductance L1.Inductance L1 rises to the electric current
Effect, it is ensured that it is commutated in disconnected branches 6.Power switch unit 9 can produce loop current now, and it is by switch 7
Middle generation reverse current only makes the component being held essentially constant of load current be reduced to zero.
If off the inductance component 19 in branch road 6 winding quantity less than inductance component 18 winding quantity, then
The inductance L of the inductance component 19 in disconnected branches2Less than the inductance L of inductance component 181。L1In for example due to short circuit and produce
Curent change in the case that raw electric current rises causes that the magnetic flux of core 21 changes.The also induced magnetism in inductance component 19
Flux, it is acted on the contrary with its reason.Because the number of turn of inductance component 19 is smaller, therefore compared with inductance component 18,
The electric current for flowing through there is bigger such that it is able to offset the magnetic flux in core 21.Therefore, electric current compares fault current in part 19
Quickly rise.Additional electric current rises the generation loop electricity in the loop formed by disconnected branches 6 and running current path 5
Stream.Loop current by the inductance component 19 in disconnected branches less inductance L2Produce.Its edge and short circuit in disconnected branches 6
Flow in electric current identical direction.However, its in running current path 5 with the load current that flows there and there compared with
Small short circuit current component flows on the contrary.Therefore, the loop current causes that the electric current in mechanical switch 7 reduces.It is big in part
It is small it is suitable in the case of, can almost suppress the electric current on switch 7.Power for producing current zero-crossing point in switch 7 is opened
Therefore the additional intervention for closing the power electronics devices of unit 9 becomes there is no need.Commutation is separately through passive element, i.e. by electricity
Sense part 18 and 19 and its carried out via the inductive coupled of core 21.
Fig. 3 shows that according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention 1 it is with embodiment shown in figure 2 not
It is that the second inductance 19 is no longer arranged in disconnected branches 6 and is arranged in running current branch road 5 with part.Therefore, exist
In the variation, constant load current flows along direction in Figure 5 shown in arrow in low ohm running current path 5
It is dynamic, and as in the other embodiments, cause certain fundamental wave of core 21 to magnetize.For example due to short circuit with inductance
L1Inductance component 18 in the current gradient that produces the magnetic flux of change is produced in core 21, thus with inductance L2Inductance
Electric current is produced in part 19, it acts on and suppresses the magnetic flux change in core 21 on the contrary with its reason.
If inductance component 18 and inductance component 19 have identical winding quantity respectively, curent change di/dt is in tool
There is inductance L1Inductance component 18 in produce the magnetic flux of change.With inductance L2Inductance component 19 in due to the number of turn it is identical
And produce identical electric current to rise, so that two magnetic flux in offsetting core 21.In inductance component 19, thus also have switch 7 in
Electric current to rise on constant load current be negative, therefore cause that electric current is equal to zero in switch 7 sooner or later.Ratio between inductance
L2/L1It is smaller, more reach current zero-crossing point in switching 7.Here, during electric current is from running current path 5 to disconnected branches 6
Commutation can also be supported by the power electronics devices of power switch unit 9.However, in the sizeable of inductance component 18 and 19
In the case of, commutation can be carried out only by passive inductance component 18 and 19.
Fig. 4 shows another variation of the invention.It can be seen that, except the phase herein of combined Fig. 2 descriptions
Should ground lay or the part that can lay outside, be also provided with other inductance components.I.e. in the second terminals 3 and the second branch
It is disposed with inductance L between point 223Coil or choke coil form the second inductance component 30.Inductance component 30 be arranged in
In turn-off current branch road 6 with inductance L4Inductance component 31 couple perceptually.It is inductive coupled in order to carry out, again using by iron
The core 21 that magnetic material is made.The working method of the two additional inductance components 30 and 31 and the inductance component 18 having been described above and
18 working method is corresponding.Certainly, within the scope of the invention, inductance component 31 can also be based on according to the embodiment of Fig. 3
It is arranged in running current path 5.
Fig. 5 is schematically shown in moment t from left to right on the equipment 1 according to Fig. 2 by means of dotted line0It is short-circuited
In the case of running current path 5 in electric current IsCurve.t0It is in Figure 5 2ms.Current curve IsVery fast, also
It is to say after 500 μ s, in t1Proceed to current zero-crossing point, wherein, t1=t0+ 500 μ s set up.Here, 500 μ s should only be managed
It is example to solve.However, it is important that from failure until first current zero-crossing point elapsed time is significantly less than 1ms.Cause
It is usual switching delay time about in 2ms, therefore first current zero-crossing point cannot be used, machine is disconnected come almost no current
Tool switch 7.However, learnt from Fig. 5, in moment t3Obtain second current zero-crossing point.Because in t0And t3Between may pass through
Very many time, therefore possibly cannot wait until second current zero-crossing point in some applications.However, as repeatedly said
As bright, active commutation part can be a part for switching units 9, wherein, by running current path 5 and turn-off current branch
The loop that road 6 is formed drives the loop current opposite with the electric current in switch 7.The loop current accelerates second current zero-crossing point
Appearance.In Figure 5 the current curve I in the switch 7 using active commutation is schematically shown by means of solid lines.Can be with
See, by this way, second current zero-crossing point can have been produced after 2 ms, wherein, subsequent electric current is almost remained
Zero.
Additionally, showing the 3rd current curve by dotted line in Figure 5.The current curve can be using largely
On corresponding with the embodiment shown in figure 2 equipment according to Fig. 6 obtain, but wherein, the cloth in running current path 5
IGCT 32 is equipped with, it is connected in parallel with surge arrester 33.IGCT 32 is controllable power semiconductor switch, so
And it cannot disconnect on one's own initiative.
In a rated operation, electric current flows through running current path 5, therefore for example flows through IGCT 32 from terminals 2
Terminals 3 are reached with mechanical switch 7.In a rated operation, IGCT 32 always delays triggering, to ensure its electric conductivity.
In the case of there is short circuit in direction of current flow behind according to equipment of the invention 1, in dtThe electric current for producing afterwards rises
di, so as to via ferromagnetic core 21 it is each other perceptual the inductance component 18 and 19 that couples in moment t1, referring to Fig. 5, that is, exist
Current zero-crossing point is rapidly produced after 500 μ s.Because IGCT 32 is unable to reverse-conducting, therefore from moment t1Rise and flow through
The electric current in running current path 5 remains zero.If preventing the trigger command to IGCT 32, in generation positive current again, i.e.
During from binding post 2 to the electric current of binding post 3, electric current flowing is also held equal to zero.There is corresponding pass for IGCT 32
Disconnected interval.The surge arrester 33 being connected in parallel with IGCT 32 is, for example, piezo-resistance.Determine the piezo-resistance
Size so that when there is TRV, does not allow actually electric current to flow through surge arrester 33.In this embodiment, machinery
Switch can disconnect no current completely, because electric current flowing is prevented by IGCT.Where it determines that the size of IGCT, makes it
It is only used for small voltage, is significantly less than the voltage of DC rated voltages.
Fig. 7 shows that according to the embodiment of Fig. 6, but wherein the circuit can be used for two senses of current.Therefore, setting
Another IGCT 34 is put, it is connected in antiparallel with the first IGCT 32.However, the working method pair of IGCT 32,34
Ying Yu combine figure 6 illustrates equipment 1 illustrated by working method, but wherein, breaking down at each occurrence
In the case of interrupt IGCT triggering.
Figure 8 illustrates the another kind construction according to equipment of the invention 1, it corresponds to so-called H circuits.According to
In the embodiment of equipment of the invention 1, two mechanical switch 7 and 23 are disposed with running current path 5.Additionally, setting
By-pass current branch road 24, it extends in the parallel circuit in running current path 5 between binding post 2 and 3, wherein,
Two branch points 20 and 22 are formed between running current path 5 and by-pass current branch road 24.The cloth in by-pass current branch road 24
Two diodes 25 and 26 are equipped with, as the power semiconductor with reciprocal conducting direction.In running current path 5
The middle branch potential point 27 in running current path 5 is formed between mechanical switch 7 and 23.The middle branch electricity in by-pass current path
Gesture point 28 is located between two diodes 25 and 26.With relative with the power switch unit 9 according to Fig. 1 to 6 in other side
The disconnected branches 6 of the power switch unit 9 answered extend between described two middle branch potential points 27 and 28.In running current
The inductance with inductance L3 or L3' is disposed between the middle branch potential point 27 in path 5 and each mechanical switch 7 and 23 again
Part 8.In normal operation, due to high voltage drop of the constant load current on power switch unit 9, electric current is only in operation electricity
Flowed on flow path 5, therefore flow through two switches 7 and 23 and the inductance component 8 arranged there.It is electric in case of a short circuit
When stream rises, two inductance components 8 will prevent electric current from rising.However, due to the diode being arranged in by-pass current branch road 24
25 and 26, this can only be carried out in the branch road that its switch should disconnect.If electric current flows to binding post 3 from binding post 2,
Then this is mechanical switch 23.Electric current is then commutated in disconnected branches 6, and flows to binding post 3 via diode 26.
Fig. 9 is shown according to another embodiment of equipment of the invention 1.The embodiment with figure 7 illustrates deformation
The difference of example is, in addition to two inductance components 8 in running current path 5, the cloth also in turn-off current branch road 6
Another inductance component 29 has been put, wherein, all three inductance component 8 and 29 is felt each other via the core 21 being made up of ferromagnetic material
Property ground coupling.In normal operation, constant load current flows via the running current branch road 5 with switch 7 and 23.Due to
When short-circuit and electric current rises, inductance component 8 and 29 works, wherein, due to the orientation of diode 25 and 26, commutate the current to disconnected
In spending road 6.Due to there is the disconnected of opposite direction of winding and the identical number of turn on the inductance component 8 in running current path
Inductance component 29 in spending road 6, due to being coupled by the perception of core 21, is produced for the electric current commutated in disconnected branches 6
It is zero effective inductance.This is further conducive to commutating the current in disconnected branches 6.
In another variation not shown in figure, there is no the 3rd inductance component 29 in disconnected branches 6, wherein, fortune
Inductance component 8 in row current path 5 is coupled to each other.In the variation, the electric current in the switch 23 to be disconnected is prevented to rise.
However, constant load current also flows via switch 23.Therefore, in such configuration, the power electronic device of switching units 9 must
The active commutation of the electric current via the holding flowing of switch 23 must be ensured.For example, this can by induct with running current path
The in opposite direction electric current flowed via branch point 27,28 and 22 of constant load current carry out.
Claims (17)
1. switch the equipment (1) of DC current in an a kind of pole (4) in direct current network, have：
- two binding posts (2,3), for being connected in series with the pole (4),
- running current the path (5) extended between the binding post (2,3), wherein being disposed with least one mechanical switch
(7,23),
- disconnected branches (6), wherein be disposed with can switch on and off it is power semiconductor switch (14), be configured to
Disconnect the power switch unit (9) of big fault current；And
- commutation part (8,18,19,20,29,30,31), for electric current to be commutated into disconnected branches from running current path (5)
(6),
Characterized in that,
Commutation part (8,18,19,20,29,30,31) is with least one inductance component (8,18,19,29,30,31).
2. equipment (1) according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The commutation part has at least two inductance components (18,19,30,31) for coupling each other perceptually.
3. equipment (1) according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
The commutation part has controllable power semiconductor switch (14,32,34), and it is configured to create at least in part
Backward voltage, the backward voltage suppresses the fault current in the mechanical switch to be disconnected (7,23).
4. equipment (1) according to claim 3,
Characterized in that,
The controllable power semiconductor switch includes that at least one is arranged in the IGCT (32,34) in running current path.
5. according to the described equipment of any one of preceding claims (1),
Characterized in that,
Two mechanical switch (7,23) are disposed with running current path (5), wherein, by-pass current branch road (24) with wiring
Extend in the parallel circuit in the running current path (5) between terminal (2,3), equally arranged in by-pass current branch road (24)
There are two mechanical switch and/or two power semiconductors (25,26), wherein, disconnected branches (6) are by running current path (5)
The middle branch potential point (27) being arranged between mechanical switch (7,23) is opened with the machinery that is arranged in of by-pass current branch road (24)
Middle branch potential point (28) connection between pass or power semiconductor (25,26).
6. equipment (1) according to claim 5,
Characterized in that,
Inductance component (8) is arranged between the middle branch potential point (27) in running current path (5) and a switch (7,23),
And/or it is arranged in the middle branch potential point (28) and a switch or power semiconductor (25,26) of by-pass current branch road (24)
Between.
7. equipment (1) according to claim 6,
Characterized in that,
At least one inductance component (29) is arranged in disconnected branches (6), and electric with running current path (5) and/or bypass
At least one inductance component (8) of stream branch road (24) is coupled perceptually.
8. equipment (1) according to claim 1,
Characterized in that,
Running current path (5) can be disconnected branch road (6) bridge joint.
9. equipment (1) according to claim 8,
Characterized in that,
At least one inductance component (18) be arranged in running current path be disconnected branch road bridge joint section in.
10. equipment (1) according to claim 8,
Characterized in that,
Inductance component (18) is arranged in binding post (2,3) and the branch between running current path (5) and disconnected branches (6)
Between point (20,22), and with another inductance component being arranged in running current path (5) or in disconnected branches (6)
(19) couple perceptually.
11. equipment (1) according to claim 8,
Characterized in that,
Each branch point in each binding post (2,3) and between running current path (5) and disconnected branches (6)
Inductance component (18) is disposed between (20,22), its be arranged in it is another in running current path (5) or in disconnected branches (6)
One inductance component (19) couples perceptually.
12. equipment (1) according to claim 10 or 11,
Characterized in that,
The inductance component (18,19,30,31) for coupling each other perceptually is with the reciprocal winding of direction of winding.
13. equipment (1) according to claim 12,
Characterized in that,
The quantity of two windings of inductance component (18,19,30,31) is identical.
14. equipment (1) according to claim 12,
Characterized in that,
Two quantity of the winding of the inductance component for coupling each other perceptually (18,19,30,31) are different.
15. according to any one of claim 1-4 described equipment (1),
Characterized in that,
The two poles of the earth of power semiconductor switch (14) of the power switch unit (9) including that can be switched on and off with least one
The series circuit of submodule (10) and the part for reducing the energy discharged in switch.
16. equipment (1) according to claim 15,
Characterized in that,
The power semiconductor electricity that each submodule (10) is connected in parallel with energy accumulator (11) and with energy accumulator (11)
Road (12,13), energy stores are dropped to so as to be produced on two binding posts (16,17) of each submodule (10)
Voltage or no-voltage on device (11).
17. equipment (1) according to claim 1 and 2,
Characterized in that,
The commutation part only has inductance component (8,18,19,20,29,30,31).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/076205 WO2014094847A1 (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Device for switching a direct current in a pole of a direct current network |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104838462A CN104838462A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN104838462B true CN104838462B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
Family
ID=47559400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280077562.5A Active CN104838462B (en) | 2012-12-19 | 2012-12-19 | Device for switching direct current in pole of direct current network |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9831657B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2907152B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104838462B (en) |
| DK (1) | DK2907152T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014094847A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015078525A1 (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2015-06-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device and method for switching a direct current |
| JP6815030B2 (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2021-01-20 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | Circuit breaker |
| JP6525308B2 (en) * | 2015-02-10 | 2019-06-05 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | Circuit breaker |
| JP6430294B2 (en) * | 2015-03-05 | 2018-11-28 | 株式会社東芝 | DC breaker |
| JP6382757B2 (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2018-08-29 | 株式会社東芝 | DC breaker |
| JP6591204B2 (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2019-10-16 | 株式会社東芝 | DC current interrupter |
| KR101794945B1 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-12-01 | 주식회사 효성 | DC Circuit Breaker |
| JP6706834B2 (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2020-06-10 | 国立大学法人東京工業大学 | Circuit breaker |
| DE102016202661A1 (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-08-24 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for switching a direct current in a pole of a direct voltage network |
| DE102016204400A1 (en) * | 2016-03-17 | 2017-09-21 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | DC voltage switch |
| CN105790236B (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2018-03-13 | 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 | A kind of DC current cutoff device and its control method |
| CN106549357A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-03-29 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of magnetic field impulse sensing transfer type dc circuit breaker and its using method |
| EP3410601A1 (en) * | 2017-06-02 | 2018-12-05 | General Electric Technology GmbH | Switching apparatus |
| DE102018101311A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Electrical protection switching arrangement |
| DE102018101312A1 (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2019-07-25 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Electrical protection circuitry |
| JP7147071B2 (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2022-10-04 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Commutation type DC circuit breaker and its method |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4110806A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1978-08-29 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit interrupting apparatus for use in direct current circuits |
| US4956738A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1990-09-11 | (Acec) Ateliers De Constructions Electriques De Charleroi | Very high speed circuit breaker assisted by semiconductors |
| CN1617281A (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-05-18 | 原子技术原子能技术公司 | Hybrid circuit breaker |
| CN101919017A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-12-15 | 松下电工株式会社 | Direct current switch |
| CN102687221A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-09-19 | Abb技术有限公司 | Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement |
| CN102780201A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | Abb技术有限公司 | Circuit and method for interrupting a current flow in a DC current path |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2489053B1 (en) * | 2009-10-13 | 2013-07-31 | ABB Research Ltd. | A hybrid circuit breaker |
| WO2014032692A1 (en) * | 2012-08-27 | 2014-03-06 | Abb Technology Ltd | Apparatus arranged to break an electrical current |
-
2012
- 2012-12-19 CN CN201280077562.5A patent/CN104838462B/en active Active
- 2012-12-19 EP EP12815671.8A patent/EP2907152B1/en active Active
- 2012-12-19 US US14/653,983 patent/US9831657B2/en active Active
- 2012-12-19 DK DK12815671.8T patent/DK2907152T3/en active
- 2012-12-19 WO PCT/EP2012/076205 patent/WO2014094847A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4110806A (en) * | 1976-01-08 | 1978-08-29 | Tokyo Shibaura Denki Kabushiki Kaisha | Circuit interrupting apparatus for use in direct current circuits |
| US4956738A (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1990-09-11 | (Acec) Ateliers De Constructions Electriques De Charleroi | Very high speed circuit breaker assisted by semiconductors |
| CN1617281A (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2005-05-18 | 原子技术原子能技术公司 | Hybrid circuit breaker |
| CN101919017A (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2010-12-15 | 松下电工株式会社 | Direct current switch |
| CN102687221A (en) * | 2009-11-16 | 2012-09-19 | Abb技术有限公司 | Device and method to break the current of a power transmission or distribution line and current limiting arrangement |
| CN102780201A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2012-11-14 | Abb技术有限公司 | Circuit and method for interrupting a current flow in a DC current path |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2014094847A1 (en) | 2014-06-26 |
| DK2907152T3 (en) | 2016-12-05 |
| CN104838462A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| US20150333496A1 (en) | 2015-11-19 |
| EP2907152A1 (en) | 2015-08-19 |
| EP2907152B1 (en) | 2016-08-17 |
| US9831657B2 (en) | 2017-11-28 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104838462B (en) | Device for switching direct current in pole of direct current network | |
| CN104205281B (en) | Equipment for an extremely middle switching DC current in direct current network | |
| CN107210598B (en) | The DC breaker generated with reverse current | |
| KR101720112B1 (en) | apparatus for limiting current of circuit or breaking current, and control method thereof | |
| CN103444068B (en) | There is the modularity multiple convertor of the power semiconductor switch of energy reverse-conducting | |
| CN103972855B (en) | A kind of device making circuit bidirectional current disjunction and control method thereof | |
| DK2678926T3 (en) | Submodule A MODULAR MULTI-STEP CONVERTER | |
| CN104620345B (en) | Arrange the device for turn-off current | |
| CN104362751B (en) | A kind of intelligence switching switch | |
| CN104160464B (en) | For the method unidirectional current network segment accessed by DC voltage switch | |
| CN105917431B (en) | For switching the device of DC current | |
| CN103299544B (en) | For electronically controlling the circuit arrangement of DC network | |
| WO2015081615A1 (en) | Direct-current circuit breaker | |
| CN103403830A (en) | Current-rise limitation in high-voltage DC systems | |
| CN104380420A (en) | Direct current voltage switch for switching a direct current in a branch of a direct current voltage network node | |
| CN106711930A (en) | DC circuit breaker and control method thereof | |
| CN111404113B (en) | T-shaped direct current breaker and control method thereof | |
| KR102580299B1 (en) | Switching device to separate current paths | |
| CN108701563A (en) | Equipment for an extremely middle switching DC current in DC grid | |
| CN109361202B (en) | Current injection type circuit breaker | |
| CN104283536A (en) | Hybrid on-load tap-changer change-over switch | |
| CN113437731B (en) | Current-limiting type hybrid direct-current circuit breaker based on high-speed mechanical switch | |
| CN110190589A (en) | A kind of mode of resonance mixed style direct current switch | |
| CN113488970B (en) | Solid-state direct current breaker based on reverse resistance device and dynamic current sharing method thereof | |
| KR101053665B1 (en) | Current-limiting device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| EXSB | Decision made by sipo to initiate substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20211229 Address after: Munich, Germany Patentee after: Siemens energy Global Ltd. Address before: Munich, Germany Patentee before: SIEMENS AG |